JPH07117516A - Transfer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a transfer which can conduct sure high/low speed changeover and center differential lock without inviting the large-size of a device due to the increase of weight and size. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a 4WD vehicle transfer in which an input shaft 1, a planetary reduction gear 7, a speed change portion 15, a center differential 22 and a differential limiting gear 27 are arranged in order on the same axis, on the inner periphery side of a slidable ring sleeve 9 which can lock an inner gear 4 to a casing while carrying out spline fitting to the inner gear 4 of the planetary reduction gear 7, an output shaft 8 integral with the pinion carrier 5 of the planetary reduction gear 7 is made to conduct spline fitting, and a hub sleeve 10 which can carry out meshing integration with the ring sleeve 9 and at the same time can conduct the meshing integration of the output shaft 8 and the front side gear 17 of the center differential 22 by being push-pressed against the ring sleeve 9, is arranged slidably.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transfer device for a four-wheel drive vehicle, and more particularly to a vertical type differential limiting device in which an output shaft on the front wheel side and an output shaft on the rear wheel side are arranged parallel to each other. The present invention relates to a transfer including.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This type of vertical transfer, in which an output shaft on the front wheel side and an output shaft on the rear wheel side are arranged in parallel with each other, is provided with a differential limiting device.
There is one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-42842 shown in FIG. This conventional example shows a transfer for a full-time four-wheel drive vehicle, which includes an input shaft 1, a planetary speed reducer 7, a transmission unit 15, a center differential 22, a front wheel system sprocket 20, a center differential lock unit 31, and a viscous cup. The rings 32 are sequentially arranged on the same axis,
The center differential 22 is configured to perform a differential action between the front and rear wheels, and the viscous coupling 32 to distribute the driving force between the front and rear wheels. With such a configuration, the driving force from the input shaft 1 is switched to high / low speed by sliding the coupling sleeve 30 of the transmission unit 15 in the planetary speed reducer 7 to the left / right, and is transmitted to the center differential 22. The center differential 22 includes road resistance on the front and rear wheels and the viscous coupling 32.
The driving force is distributed to the front and rear wheels in accordance with the driving force distribution state by. It is transmitted to the front wheel output shaft (not shown) via the front wheel system sprocket 20 and the chain 21 to the front wheel side, and is transmitted to the rear wheel side via the rear wheel system output shaft 29. Further, the center differential 22 is locked in the differential action by sliding the coupling sleeve 33 of the center differential lock portion 31 to the right. However, in such a conventional transfer, the high / low speed switching transmission section and the center differential lock section are separately arranged at two locations in the axial direction, so that an increase in size of the device is inevitable.

[0003]

Therefore, the present invention provides a transfer capable of performing high / low speed switching and center differential lock without increasing the size of the device unlike the conventional transfer described above. is there.

[0004]

Therefore, in the present invention, as means for solving the above-mentioned conventional problems, the input shaft, the planetary speed reducer, the speed change unit, the center differential, and the differential limiting device are sequentially arranged on the same shaft. In a transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle arranged on a line, the planetary gear is spline-fitted to an inner gear of the planetary speed reducer, and the inner gear is locked to a casing. Hub sleeve that can be meshed and integrated with the ring sleeve while spline-fitted to the output shaft that is integral with the pinion carrier of the Lee reduction gear, and that can be meshed and integrated with the output shaft and the front side gear of the center differential by being pressed by the ring sleeve. Of the hub sleeve is slidably arranged. It is urged by a spring in a direction away from Ntosaidogiya.

[0005]

According to the present invention, in the transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which the input shaft, the planetary speed reducer, the transmission unit, the center differential and the differential limiting device are sequentially arranged on the same axis,
The inner gear of the planetary speed reducer is spline-fitted and the inner gear can be locked with respect to the casing. The inner peripheral side of the slidable ring sleeve is spline-fitted to the output shaft integrated with the pinion carrier of the planetary speed reducer. Since the hub sleeve which can be meshed and integrated with the ring sleeve while being engaged with each other and which is pressed by the ring sleeve and can be meshed with and integrated with the output shaft and the front side gear of the center differential is slidably arranged, the ring sleeve is used as the hub sleeve. Due to the meshing integration, the pinion carrier of the planetary speed reducer cannot rotate with respect to the inner gear, and the four-wheel high-speed state of the direct connection is obtained under the front and rear wheel differential limiting control by the differential limiting device. Next, slide the ring sleeve into the inner gear of the planetary speed reducer while spline-fitting it, and engage the lock teeth fixed to the casing to lock the inner gear to the casing.The pinion of the planetary speed reducer does not move. The internal gear of the pinion rotates and the revolution speed of the pinion is decelerated as the rotation of the pinion carrier and is taken out from the output shaft. This is a four-wheel drive low speed state under the front-rear wheel differential limiting control by the differential limiting device. If the ring sleeve is further slid in the four-wheel low-speed state, the hub sleeve is pressed by the ring sleeve and the hub sleeve is spline-fitted to the output shaft and meshes with the front side gear of the center differential, so that four-wheel drive is possible. The output shaft and the front side gear of the center differential are mechanically completely locked in the low speed state, and the running performance on rough roads at low speeds with four-wheel drive is significantly improved. Since the ring sleeve for switching between high speed and low speed and the ring sleeve for center differential lock are arranged in the radial direction as described above, the shift sleeve can be operated by one shift system, and the axial direction can be made compact. In addition, it is possible to obtain a delicate and appropriate differential limiting force by the differential limiting device except when the lock is completely locked, which is extremely convenient.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part showing a portion above a center line of an input / output shaft of a four-wheel drive vehicle transfer of the present invention. The input shaft 1, the planetary speed reducer 7, the speed change unit 15, the center differential 22, and the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device 27 are sequentially arranged on the same axis line, and the center differential 22 allows the differential action between the front and rear wheels. The electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device 27 is configured to distribute the driving force between the front and rear wheels. The electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device 27 will not be described in detail, but the electromagnet 2
The multi-plate pilot clutch 24 is connected by energizing 5 to cause the ball cam 26 to expand in the axial direction and press the multi-plate main clutch 23 into pressure contact, thereby spline-fitting to the output shaft 29 of the rear wheel system. When the rear wheel system rear side gear 18 side and the front wheel system sprocket 20 side are in pressure contact, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet is appropriately controlled to control this pressure contact force, and the differential state between the front and rear wheels can be limitedly controlled. It is a thing. Further, in the center differential 22, the differential action between the front and rear wheels is performed according to the road surface resistance on the front wheel side and the rear wheel side and the differential limiting state in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device, and to the front wheel side, The driving force is transmitted from the front wheel system sprocket 20 through the chain 21. Further, the center differential 22, the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device 27, and the input shaft 1
A planetary speed reducer 7 is arranged between and, so that high speed / low speed switching in four-wheel drive can be performed. The inner gear 4 of the planetary speed reducer 7 is spline-fitted, and the inner gear 4 is integrated with the pinion carrier 5 of the planetary speed reducer 7 on the inner peripheral side of a slidable ring sleeve 9 which can lock the inner gear 4 with respect to the casing. A hub sleeve 10 that can be meshed and integrated with the ring sleeve 9 while being spline-fitted to the output shaft 8 and that can be meshed and integrated with the output shaft 8 and the front side gear 17 of the center differential 22 by being pressed by the ring sleeve 9. It is arranged so that it can slide freely. The hub sleeve is biased by a spring in a direction away from the front side gear.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described in detail. As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 2, the position of the ring sleeve 9 shown is neutral and the driving force is not transmitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the ring sleeve 9 is slid slightly to the left from the position shown in FIG. 2, the left inner spline of the ring sleeve 9 is located on the outer circumference of the inner gear reduced diameter portion 6 of the planetary speed reducer 7. While engaging with the spline, the high-speed lock tooth 12 on the left outer side of the hub sleeve 10 that is spline-fitted to the pinion carrier 5 of the planetary speed reducer 7 integrated with the output shaft 8 meshes with the spline. As a result, the pinion carrier 5 and the inner gear 4 are integrated, the relative movement of the pinion carrier 5 with respect to the inner gear 4 is eliminated, and therefore the pinion 3 does not rotate. Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 1, that is, the rotation of the sun gear 2 in the planetary speed reducer 7 does not cause the relative rotation of the pinion 3 with respect to the sun gear 2, and the sun gear 2, the pinion 3, the inner gear 4, the ring sleeve 9, and the hub sleeve. 10 and the pinion carrier 5 are directly connected and rotate at high speed. The rotation of the pinion carrier 5, that is, the rotation of the output shaft 8 is taken out as the rotation of the pinion 19 of the center differential 22, and the difference between the road surface resistance on the front wheel side and the rear wheel side of the center differential 22 and the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device. A differential action between the front side gear 17 and the rear side gear 18, that is, a differential action between the front and rear wheels is performed in accordance with the motion restriction state, and the driving force is appropriately transmitted to the front wheel system and the rear wheel system.
The driving force to the front wheel system is transmitted to a front wheel output shaft (not shown) parallel to the input shaft 1 by the chain 21 or the like. This is the four-wheel drive high speed state.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the ring sleeve 9 is slid to the right in the drawing, the left inner spline of the ring sleeve 9 becomes a spline on the outer periphery of the inner gear reduced diameter portion 6 of the planetary speed reducer 7. The low speed lock teeth 11 on the outer side of the ring sleeve 9 mesh with the lock teeth 14 fixed to the casing while still meshing. For this reason, the inner gear 4 of the planetary speed reducer 7 becomes immovable integrally with the casing, and the rotation of the input shaft 1, that is, the rotation of the sun gear 2 causes the pinion 3 meshed with both the sun gear 2 and the inner gear 4 to rotate on its own axis. While rotating around the sun gear 2, the revolution speed of the pinion 3 is reduced as the rotation speed of the pinion carrier 5 and is taken out as a low speed stage. The rotation of the pinion carrier 5 thus taken out, that is, the low speed rotation of the output shaft 8 is taken out as the rotation of the pinion 19 of the center differential 22 in the same manner as in the high speed state, and the center differential 22 has the road resistance on the front wheel side and the rear wheel side. A differential action between the front side gear 17 and the rear side gear 18, that is, a differential action between the front and rear wheels is performed according to the differential limited state in the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device, and the driving force is appropriately adjusted to the front wheel system and the rear wheel system. Passed on to the wheel system. This is the four-wheel drive low speed state.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when the ring sleeve 9 is slid further to the right in the drawing while the four-wheel drive is in the low speed state, the hub sleeve 10 is pushed by the ring sleeve 9 and the hub sleeve 10 is attached to the output shaft 8. Since the spline is engaged and integrated with the front lock teeth 16 of the front side gear 17 of the center diff 22, the output shaft 8 and the front side gear 17 of the center diff 22 are mechanically completely locked in the four-wheel drive low speed state. To be done. Therefore, the pinion 1 in which the pinion shaft is spline-fitted to the output shaft 8
9 cannot rotate relative to the front side gear 17, so that the output shaft 8, the pinion 19, the front side gear 17, and the rear side gear 18 and the rear wheel system output shaft 29 spline-fitted together form a low speed. Rotate. This is the four-wheel drive low speed lock state. Thus,
Four-wheel drive The complete differential lock between the front and rear wheels at low speed is mechanically possible, and the running performance on rough roads is significantly improved. In addition, it is possible to obtain a delicate and appropriate differential limiting force by the electromagnet type multi-plate differential limiting device except when the four-wheel drive low speed lock state is completely locked, which is extremely convenient. Also, the hub sleeve 1
Since 0 is constantly urged by the spring 28 in the direction away from the front side gear 17, the ring sleeve 9 should be quickly slid and followed even when returning to the neutral position of the ring sleeve 9 or shifting to the high speed shown in FIG. It is possible to change gears quickly.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a transfer for a four-wheel drive vehicle in which an input shaft, a planetary speed reducer, a transmission unit, a center differential, and a differential limiting device are sequentially arranged on the same axis. A spline on the output shaft integrated with the pinion carrier of the planetary speed reducer, on the inner peripheral side of a slidable ring sleeve capable of locking the inner gear with respect to the casing while spline-fitting to the inner gear of the planetary speed reducer. Since the hub sleeve that can be meshed and integrated with the ring sleeve while being fitted and that can be meshed and integrated with the output shaft and the front side gear of the center differential by being slidably arranged is arranged by the differential limiting device. The four-wheel high-speed state and the four-wheel drive low-speed state under the front-rear wheel differential limit control are The mechanical differential lock between the front and rear wheels in this state is a one-shift system in which only the ring sleeve operates, so that it can be reliably performed without significantly increasing the weight and size of the device. The four-wheel drive significantly improves running performance on rough roads at low speeds. Moreover, it is possible to obtain a delicate and appropriate differential limiting force by the electromagnet-type multi-plate differential limiting device as usual until other than the time of complete locking, which is extremely convenient.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a transfer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the transfer of the present invention in a neutral state.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a four-wheel drive high speed state of the transfer of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a four-wheel drive low speed state of the transfer of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a four-wheel drive low speed lock state of the transfer of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional transfer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Input Shaft 2 Sun Gear 3 Pinion 4 Inner Gear 5 Pinion Carrier 6 Inner Gear Reducer 7 Planetary Speed Reducer 8 Output Shaft 9 Ring Sleeve 10 Hub Sleeve 11 Low Speed Lock Tooth 12 High Speed Lock Tooth 14 Lock Tooth 15 Gear Shift 16 Front Lock Tooth 17 Front side gear 18 Rear side gear 19 Pinion 20 Front wheel sprocket 21 Chain 22 Center differential 23 Multi disc main clutch 24 Multi disc pilot clutch 25 Electromagnet 26 Ball cam 27 Electromagnet multi disc differential limiting device 28 Spring 29 Rear wheel output axis

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An input shaft, a planetary speed reducer, a speed change unit,
In a four-wheel drive vehicle transfer in which a center differential and a differential limiting device are sequentially arranged on the same axis, the inner gear of the planetary speed reducer is spline-fitted and the inner gear can be locked with respect to the casing. On the inner peripheral side of the ring sleeve, the output shaft integral with the pinion carrier of the planetary speed reducer can be spline-fitted and meshed with the ring sleeve while being pressed by the ring sleeve and the center differential. A hub sleeve that can be meshed and integrated with the front side gear of the above is slidably arranged. 2. The transfer according to claim 1, wherein the hub sleeve is biased by a spring in a direction away from the front side gear.