JPH07116537B2 - Wear resistant Cu alloy with high strength and toughness - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention has high strength and high toughness, further has excellent wear resistance, and further has excellent synchronization characteristics with respect to a mating member evaluated by a friction coefficient, Accordingly, the present invention relates to a Cu alloy suitable for use in the production of automobile transmission structural members and transmission synchronizer rings, which require these characteristics.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, in general, in the manufacture of the above-mentioned automobile transmission structural member and the synchronizer ring of the transmission,
Since strength, toughness, wear resistance, and high friction coefficient are required, Cu alloys such as aluminum bronze and high-strength brass are used.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in recent years, with the miniaturization and weight reduction of the above-mentioned various devices and the increase in output, it is required that the members constituting these have further excellent strength, toughness, and wear resistance, and a higher friction coefficient. However, the conventional Cu alloys such as the above-mentioned aluminum bronze and high-strength brass cannot satisfy these requirements at present.

[Means for solving problems]

Therefore, the present inventors, from the above viewpoints, as a result of research to develop a material for structural members that can correspond to miniaturization and weight reduction of the above various devices, and further high output,
In% by weight (hereinafter,% related to composition indicates% by weight), Zn: 17 to 40%, Al: 2 to 11%, Si: 0.005 to 0.5%, one or two of Ti, Zr, and V. Species or higher: 0.1 to 3.5
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, Mn: 0.1 to 4%, Sn: 0.05 to 2.5%, Pb: 0.05 to 1.5%, and one or more of the following, and the balance Cu and Composition consisting of unavoidable impurities and average particle size in the matrix: 3 to 50
A Cu alloy having a structure in which an intermetallic compound of μm is dispersed in an area ratio of 1 to 20% has high strength and high toughness, excellent wear resistance, and a high friction coefficient.
The finding that when Cu alloys are used in the manufacture of transmission structural members and synchronizer rings, it becomes possible to reduce the size and weight of various devices that are made of these members and to achieve higher performance. Is obtained.

The present invention was made based on the above findings, and the reasons why the component composition and structure are limited as described above will be described below.

A. Component composition (a) Zn and Al These components have the function of improving the strength and toughness of the alloy in the coexisting state, but their contents are Z and Z, respectively.
If n: less than 17% and Al: less than 2%, desired high strength and high toughness cannot be secured, while the content is Zn: 40.
% And Al: 11%, no further improvement effect appears, so the contents were defined as Zn: 17-40% and Al: 2-11%, respectively.

(B) Si The Si component has the effect of strengthening the alloy base and thereby improving wear resistance, but if its content is less than 0.005%, the desired wear resistance cannot be obtained, while its content Is 0.5%
If it exceeds 1.0, the toughness will deteriorate and the machinability will deteriorate, so the content was set to 0.005 to 0.5%.

(C) Ti, Zr, and V These components are combined with Cu and Al, and further Fe, Ni, Co, etc. to form a granular intermetallic compound that is uniformly dispersed in the matrix, and thus, with respect to the mating member. In addition to increasing the friction coefficient, which is the evaluation of synchronous properties, it also has the effect of improving wear resistance, but if its content is less than 0.1% the desired effect is not obtained on the other hand, while its content is 3.5% If it exceeds, the toughness of the alloy will decrease.
It was set at 0.1-3.5%.

(D) P, Mg, and Ca These components have the effect of improving the strength and toughness of the alloy as well as improving the machinability by granulating and refining the intermetallic compound dispersed in the matrix. However, if the content is less than 0.003%, the desired effect cannot be obtained in the above action,
On the other hand, if the content exceeds 0.3%, the intermetallic compound becomes too fine to have an average particle size of less than 3 μm, which causes deterioration of wear resistance and toughness, so the content is 0.003 to 0.3. Defined as%.

(E) Fe, Ni, and Co These components function as intermetallic compound-forming components to increase the friction coefficient and wear resistance as described above, but their content is 0.02%. If it is less than the above range, the desired effect cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 3%, the toughness is deteriorated. Therefore, the content is set to 0.02 to 3%.

(F) Mn The Mn component has the effect of further improving the strength of the alloy and stabilizing the alloy structure against heat history, so it is included if necessary, but if its content is less than 0.1%. The desired effect of the above action cannot be obtained, while the content is 4
If the content exceeds 0.1%, the amount of oxide slag will increase during melting, and the soundness of the ingot will be impaired, so the content was defined as 0.1 to 4%.

(G) Sn The Sn component not only strengthens the base of the alloy but also prevents the segregation of intermetallic compounds, so it is contained as necessary. However, if the content is less than 0.05%, the above-mentioned action is not achieved. The desired effect cannot be obtained, and if the content exceeds 2.5%, the toughness decreases and the toughness workability is impaired. Therefore, the content was set to 0.05 to 2.5%.

(H) Pb The Pb component has the effect of improving seizure resistance under high load friction conditions and improving machinability, so it is included if necessary, but if its content is less than 0.05%. The desired effect is not obtained in the above action, while its content is 1.5%
If it exceeds 1.0, the strength and toughness will decrease, so the content was defined as 0.05 to 1.5%.

B. Structure Even if the average particle size of the intermetallic compound is less than 3 μm and the dispersion ratio is less than 1% by area ratio, the desired high friction coefficient and excellent wear resistance cannot be secured, while the average If the particle size exceeds 50 μm, or if the dispersion ratio exceeds 20% in terms of area ratio, the toughness of the alloy decreases, so the average particle size of the intermetallic compound should be 3-50.
μm, and the same dispersion ratio was defined as 1 to 20% in terms of area ratio.

〔Example〕

Next, the Cu alloy of the present invention will be specifically described by way of Examples.

Using an ordinary high-frequency furnace, melts having the composition of components shown in Table 1 were prepared in an atmosphere of Ar gas and CO gas, and these melts were each put in a water-cooled mold and the average particle size of the intermetallic compound and In order to control the dispersion ratio, it was cast while adjusting the amount of cooling water flowing inside it, diameter: 2
00mmφ x length: 400mm billet, 60 in this billet
Hot extruding is performed at a specified temperature within the range of 0 to 750 ° C to make a round bar test piece of a predetermined diameter, and then this round bar test piece
The Cu alloys of the present invention 1 to 51 and the comparative alloys of the present invention were prepared by subjecting to a predetermined temperature within the range of 550 to 700 ° C. for 1 hour and then air-cooling heat treatment
Cu alloys 1-9 were manufactured, respectively.

The comparative Cu alloys 1 to 9 all have a content of any one of the constituent components (marked with * in Table 1),
Alternatively, one of the average particle size and the area ratio of the intermetallic compound (also marked with * in Table 1) is outside the scope of the present invention.

Next, for the present invention Cu alloys 1 to 51 and comparative Cu alloys 1 to 9 obtained as a result, the Charpy impact and elongation were measured for the purpose of evaluating the tensile strength and toughness, and further, Sample: Pin material with a diameter of 3 mm, Counterpart material: JIS / SCM 420 carburized and hardened steel (hardness: H _R C61.5), Oil: Gear oil 90 No., Oil temperature: 60 ° C, Friction speed: 2m / sec, Pressure: 100kg / cm ² , Sliding distance: 1.5km, Pin wear test is performed to measure the specific wear amount and friction coefficient from the torque meter. And calculate It was The results are shown in Table 2.

The average particle size and area ratio of the intermetallic compound in Table 2 are measured by microscopic observation.

〔The invention's effect〕

From the results shown in Table 1 and Table 2, while the Cu alloys 1 to 51 of the present invention have high strength and high toughness, and further have excellent wear resistance and high friction coefficient,
As seen in the comparative Cu alloys 1 to 9, even if the content of any of the constituents is out of the range of the present invention,
Further, if any of the average particle diameter and the area ratio of the intermetallic compound deviates from the scope of the present invention, it is clear that at least one of the above characteristics becomes inferior.

As described above, the Cu alloy of the present invention has high strength and high toughness, and further has excellent wear resistance and high friction coefficient. When it is used for manufacturing a machine synchronizer ring, etc., it has industrially useful characteristics such as downsizing, weight reduction and high output of these devices.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, With the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and a structure in which an intermetallic compound having an average particle size of 3 to 50 μm is dispersed in the matrix in an area ratio of 1 to 20%. A wear-resistant Cu alloy with high strength and toughness characterized by. 2. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, And Mn: 0.1 to 4%, and the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and an intermetallic compound having an average particle size of 3 to 50 μm in the matrix. A wear resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, characterized by having a structure in which the area ratio is 1 to 20% dispersed. 3. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, And Sn: 0.05 to 2.5%, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and the intermetallic compound having an average particle size of 3 to 50 μm in the matrix. A wear resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, characterized by having a structure in which the area ratio is 1 to 20% dispersed. 4. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, And Pb: 0.05 to 1.5%, with the balance consisting of Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and an intermetallic compound having an average particle size of 3 to 50 μm in the matrix. A wear resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, characterized by having a structure in which the area ratio is 1 to 20% dispersed. 5. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, Mn: 0.1 to 4%, Sn: 0.05 to 2.5%, and the balance consisting of Cu and inevitable impurities (above weight%), and average particle size in the base material: 3 to 50 μm A wear-resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, characterized in that it has a structure in which the intermetallic compound (1) is dispersed in an area ratio of 1 to 20%. 6. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, Mn: 0.1 to 4%, Pb: 0.05 to 1.5%, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities (more than wt%), and the average particle size in the matrix: 3 A wear-resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, which has a structure in which an intermetallic compound having a size of -50 μm is dispersed in an area ratio of 1 to 20%. 7. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, Further, Sn: 0.05 to 2.5%, Pb: 0.05 to 1.5%, and the balance Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and the average particle size in the matrix: 3 A wear-resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, which has a structure in which an intermetallic compound having a size of -50 μm is dispersed in an area ratio of 1 to 20%. 8. Zn: 17-40%, Al: 2-11%, Si: 0.005-0.5%, one or more of Ti, Zr, and V: 0.1-3.5.
%, P, Mg, and one or more of Ca: 0.003 to 0.3
%, One or more of Fe, Ni, and Co: 0.02 to 3
%, Mn: 0.1 to 4%, Sn: 0.05 to 2.5%, Pb: 0.05 to 1.5%, with the balance being Cu and unavoidable impurities (more than wt%), and the base material. A wear-resistant Cu alloy having high strength and high toughness, characterized in that it has a structure in which an intermetallic compound having an average particle diameter of 3 to 50 μm is dispersed in an area ratio of 1 to 20%.