JPH07115325B2 - Long bamboo plate manufacturing method and device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial applications]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a long bamboo plate having a wide width by continuously expanding a vertically divided bamboo material divided into half or more and manufacturing the apparatus used therefor.

[Prior art]

Since the bamboo material has different tissues / density and radius of curvature on the inner skin side and the outer skin side, and it has a knot, it is very difficult to manufacture a wide long bamboo plate. For this reason, a method has been generally used in which a round bamboo material is vertically divided into widths of about 30 to 40 mm, an adhesive is applied to a plurality of bamboo flat plates that are cut into a plate shape, laminated and assembled into a wide material. When deploying the bamboo material, a short one that uses only the internodes excluding the node parts is required to be flattened for a great amount of time, and cracks easily occur in the vertical direction. Attempts have been made, for example, to make a number of cuts in the lengthwise direction and to develop them, or to fill the wedge-shaped space created by these cuts with an adhesive (JP-A-62-90202).
9-48103). In addition, a method (Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-794) is proposed in which a bamboo material with a cut is boiled in a heating oil tank and stretched to both sides by using a bamboo spreading device. Furthermore, in the method of manufacturing a bamboo plate in which a bamboo cut into a half moon shape is pressed in a heated state to be processed into a planar shape, both sides of the bamboo are pressed into a planar shape while being pressed in a direction of narrowing the width. A method of preventing cracking of bamboo by applying pressure is also proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 1-294003). Although various methods have been presented above, even if all of them can be carried out by a batch-type process, no concrete means for continuously expanding bamboo is specified.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The problems of the conventional technique are as follows. (1) The method of making a notch on the inner peripheral surface of a bamboo material is inefficient, and it is considered difficult to produce a long bamboo flat plate. (2) Regarding the method of spreading in the heating oil tank, work efficiency is poor, and there are many problems in work and material such as post-treatment of oil that has penetrated into bamboo. (3) In order to produce a wide long bamboo flat plate, it is considered that a bamboo plate with an average width of about 15 cm can be obtained by using bamboo material that is half-divided in the longitudinal direction of Moso bamboo. There is a considerable difference between the larger diameter and the smaller diameter, but even if there is such a difference, an apparatus that can stably manufacture a long bamboo flat plate is required. It is also necessary to devise a way to eliminate obstacles due to the presence of nodes. (4) In order to efficiently produce a long bamboo flat plate, the convex portions of the knots of the long vertical split bamboo material 9 as a raw material are removed, and the inner skin side and the outer skin side are evenly scraped to eliminate the uneven surface. There is a need. (5) When expanding bamboo, it is necessary to soften it by heating, but it is necessary to select the optimum heating method and heating temperature. (6) When the heated split bamboo material 9 is expanded, in order to prevent vertical cracks from occurring, the force is not concentrated on a part, the entire surface is evenly pressed, and the tensile stress on the inner skin side is also applied. It is necessary to set a pressure developing method that lowers the dispersion and disperses the dispersion in a small amount. (7) To expand the vertically split bamboo material 9 as it is,
In order to improve production efficiency, it is necessary to embody a method that allows continuous operation. The present invention solves each of the problems described above, and a method for continuously and reliably producing a wide long bamboo flat plate while preventing the vertical split bamboo material 9 from being cracked while being long. And to provide the device.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In the present invention, when continuously manufacturing a wide long bamboo flat plate, first, in a bamboo material pretreatment machine (Fig. 2), the nodes of the long vertical split bamboo material 9 and the inner and outer skin sides are formed. It is evenly scraped off, and the cross-sectional shape of the vertically split bamboo material 9 is processed into a predetermined shape and size range. Long vertical split bamboo material 9 adjusted to the specified shape and size range
In the next heating and expanding device (Fig. 1), the product is expanded while heating and softening to form a long bamboo plate. Hereinafter, a bamboo material pretreatment machine and a heating and spreading device used in the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. (1) Bamboo material pre-processing machine The bamboo material pre-processing machine shown in FIG. 2 is a feed surface plate 4, a blade-type feed roll 5, an inner skin side shaving 6, an outer skin shaving 7, a width determining cutter 8, and a feed roll 25. Composed of. (B) As shown in FIG. 9, the feeding surface plate 4 has a horizontal portion.
It is composed of a vertical portion 17 and a vertical portion 18, and cuts 19 are provided on both sides of the horizontal portion 17. A width presser ruler 20 is fitted in each of the notches 19. Teeth 21 are provided at the bottom of the width press ruler 20, and there is a gear 22 in the middle of the two width press rulers 20 so as to mesh with the teeth 21 of the two width press rulers 20 provided in parallel. The pair of right and left width presser rulers 20 can be moved in the opposite directions by the same distance, and the distance between them can be adjusted. (B) As shown in FIG. 7, the blade-type feed roll 5 has a large number of semicircular plates 23 radially attached to the rotary shaft 24 at equal intervals. (C) As shown in FIG. 10, the inner surface side scraping 6 is a rotary spindle.
It is composed of a plurality of guide rolls 30 and sharpening blades 31 mounted via springs 33 so as to move radially from 32. (D) As shown in FIG. 11, the outer skin side scraper 7 is composed of a plurality of guide rolls 35 and scraping blades 36 mounted via springs 37 so as to move from the hollow circular main shaft 34 to the center side. (E) In the width determining cutter 8, as shown in FIG. 8, a pair of blades 27 are provided at predetermined intervals on the left and right in the traveling direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9. (2) Heating and Deploying Device The heating and deploying device shown in FIG. 1 has a tunnel 3 and a deploying guide 12 in which the radius of curvature is gradually increased from the semicircle of the inlet portion 1 to form a flat shape at the outlet portion 2, and the heating device. It is composed of a heating and developing table 13 having a roll and a feed roll 14. (A) The tunnel 3 of the heating / expanding table 13 is always in contact with the outer skin surface during the process of expanding the vertically split bamboo material 9. That is, as shown in FIG.
Has a semicircular shape, but the radius of curvature gradually increases in the advancing direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9, and the exit portion 2 has a planar shape. (B) Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a deployment guide 12 is attached inside the tunnel 3. (C) In the heating and developing table 13, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of high-frequency electrodes 16 are arranged in parallel at right intervals to the advancing direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9. Each high frequency electrode 16 is embedded in the cassette frame 10.
The cassette type frame 10 is inserted from above into holes 28 formed in a rectangular shape on the upper surface of the heating and developing table 13 at appropriate intervals so that it can be moved up and down. The bottom surface of the cassette frame 10 has the same curvature as the inner surface of the tunnel 3, as shown in FIG. In addition, the high frequency electrode located on the bottom of the cassette frame 10.
Bend 16 with the same curvature. (D) As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 are installed below the heating and unfolding table 13 so as to be in contact with the inner side of the inserted vertically split bamboo material 9. The rolling feed roll 14 gradually changes in curvature from the circular arc roll of the inlet part 1 and finally becomes a flat roll. The surface of the rolling feed roll 14 has a large number of protrusions 15
Are set irregularly. However, as the rolling feed roll 14, a grooved roll or the like can be used.

[Action]

(1) Bamboo material pre-processing machine (a) The vertical split bamboo material 9, which is the raw material, is first fed into the surface plate 4
Is positioned at this center. Therefore, even if the diameter of the inserted vertical split bamboo member 9 changes, the center line of the vertical split bamboo member 9 is held at a fixed position, and therefore the vertical split bamboo member 9 does not shake, so The length-divided bamboo material 9 can be directly processed without being cut into short pieces. (B) The blade-type feed roll 5 is paired with the feed roll 25 provided on the upper part of the blade-type feed roll 5, and rotates in the same direction as the direction in which the vertically split bamboo material 9 advances (FIG. 2). As a result, the vertically split bamboo material 9 with a knot inserted between them is forcibly fed without swinging up and down, and the knot on the endothelium side is roughly folded. (C) The inner skin side scraping 6 and the outer skin skin scraping 7 have functions of scraping off the inner skin side skin and the outer skin skin side, and the inner skin and outer skin by a certain thickness and removing the convex portions on the surface. (D) After the vertical split bamboo material 9 further passes through the inner skin side shaving 6 and the outer skin side shaving 7, both ends in the width direction are shaving to a certain width on the slanted surface 26 by the width determining cutter 8. This oblique surface 26 is provided when the vertically split bamboo material 9 is fed through the heating and expanding table 13 of the heating and expanding machine, as shown in FIG. It is extremely effective for reducing the frictional resistance against the feed with the guide 12 and for suppressing the cracks generated on the inner skin side of the vertical split bamboo material 9. (2) Heating / expanding device (b) The vertically split bamboo material 9 inserted in the heating / expanding device is heated and softened from the outer skin side by the action of the high-frequency electrode 16 attached to the heating / expansion table 13, and at the same time, is applied to the inner skin side. Is provided,
While being pressed by a plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 arranged so that the radius of curvature is gradually increased, the rolling feed rolls 14 are sequentially developed in the traveling direction to form a flat plate. Here, the heating and developing table 13 is provided with a tunnel 3 in which the radius of curvature is gradually increased from the semicircular shape of the inlet portion 1 and the outlet portion 2 has a flat shape. Installing the deployment guide 12 inside the tunnel 3,
Further, by providing the projections 15 irregularly on the surface of the rolling feed roll 14, the tensile stress applied to the inner side of the vertically split bamboo material 9 is relieved and dispersed to a small extent, so that the vertical cracking and the cracking of the bamboo material can be prevented. (B) The high-frequency electrode 16 in the high-frequency heating method of the heating / expanding device has the same curvature shape as the tunnel 3 of the heating / expanding table 13, and is arranged in parallel at right intervals to the advancing direction of the vertically split bamboo material 9. Therefore, the vertical split bamboo member 9 comes into contact with the surface of the vertical split bamboo member 9 on the outer skin side to perform dielectric heating. This method can perform dielectric heating up to a material thickness of 20 mm. In the case of bamboo materials, this method can be used because the average thickness of the material is about 10 mm, and it is extremely effective because the object to be heated moves and a uniform heating effect is obtained. (C) The heating and expanding table 13 and the expanding guide 12 have the function of gradually softening the inserted vertical split bamboo material 9 while heating and softening the same, while gradually increasing the radius of curvature. In other words, since the heating and developing table 13 always wraps and is in close contact with the entire outer circumference of the vertically split bamboo material 9, the tensile stress generated in the process of developing is evenly and uniformly dispersed overall, so that the long bamboo flat plate Vertical cracks can be prevented. (D) As shown in FIG. 3, the rolling feed rolls 14 are provided with irregular small projections 15 on their surfaces. The protrusion 15 has a function of reliably holding and feeding the vertically split bamboo material 9 without slipping. At the same time, as shown in FIG. 9 (a), these protrusions 15 finely emboss the heat-softened vertical split bamboo material 9 on the inner skin side in an uneven shape. Since the projections 15 of each of the plurality of rolling feed rolls 14 arranged in an irregular manner are arranged irregularly, the force applied to the inner skin side is not limited to a fixed location. As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the unevenness of the embossing of the respective uneven portions occurs, and the convexly embossed portion is made concave by the rolling feed roll 14 thereafter. Will be done. In other words, in the details of the entire surface of the vertical split bamboo material 9 on the inner side of the endothelium, the function of extending the "wrinkle" is generated. To relax and disperse
Long cracks of long bamboo plate can be prevented.

【Example】

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. However, this embodiment does not limit the various conditions and the entire configuration of the present invention, and each can be modified within the scope of the claims. As the test material, the standard bamboo material used in the current bamboo material processing industry will be used.
00 mm, center diameter in the length direction about 130 mm, water content during processing 3
This is an example using Moso bamboo of 9.8% to 72.6%. In the bamboo material pretreatment machine (Fig. 2), the vertically divided bamboo material 9 in which the test material was halved in the length direction or more was sent to the next heating expansion device (Fig. 1), 2000mm thick
A good long bamboo plate with no cracks on the screen with a maximum width of 142 mm at 7.5 mm was obtained. In the case of using a vertically split bamboo material divided into four parts, a long bamboo plate having the same thickness was obtained by heating only by cutting off a part of the outer skin side. As a result of trial manufacture under various conditions, the following was confirmed. (1) In the bamboo material pretreatment machine, the outer skin side shaving 7 could be sufficiently applied not only to a metal blade but also to an abrasive paper or the like. (2) The heat development table 13 having the high-frequency electrode 16 needs to have good electric insulation, heat resistance, wear resistance, and strength, and for that purpose, for example, is made of a sintered alumina compound. Ceramic casters were suitable. (3) The oil and fat component and the water content of the bamboo material affect the efficiency of heating and softening by high frequency in the heating and spreading device. That is, the higher the water content after removing the fat and oil component, the better the heat-softening efficiency. Since most of the oil and fat components are contained in the outer cover 12 of the bamboo material, the outer cover of the vertically split bamboo member 9 is adjusted to be scraped off in a bamboo material pretreatment machine, or is generally performed. It is desirable to remove the fat and oil components by the method. In addition, about 60% or more of the water content obtained good results.
For those having a low water content, the bamboo material may be adjusted by immersing it in water. (4) In the high frequency heating method, set heating temperature from 80 ℃
As a result of changing the temperature up to 180 ℃, the higher the heating temperature, the better the softening of the bamboo material, but at 140 ℃ or higher, it tended to be almost constant. At the same time, a carbonization phenomenon in which the bamboo material began to turn brown at around 150 ° C was also observed. Therefore, ideally, heating at around 140 ° C is suitable.

【The invention's effect】

It is possible to efficiently produce a wide long bamboo flat plate using the long bamboo flat plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, and it is possible to simplify the manufacturing process of bamboo laminated and laminated wood, improve the material yield, and reduce the flat plate manufacturing cost. Become. Also, since it is possible to manufacture long and wide bamboo laminated wood,
Wide range of product development is expected. Utilization of bamboo laminated and laminated wood for large furniture, flooring,
It is expected to be used for wall materials, fittings, and other building interior materials.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a heating / expanding device, FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bamboo pretreatment machine, FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded perspective view of one embodiment of a heating / expanding table, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are FIG. 6 is a schematic enlarged cross-sectional view showing the action of a rolling feed roll, FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a blade feed roll, and FIG. 8 is a width-determining cutter. FIG. 9 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the feeding surface plate, FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the inner side cutting, and FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the outer side cutting. . 1 ... inlet part, 2 ... exit part, 3 ... tunnel, 4 ... feed surface plate, 5 ... blade-type feed roll, 6 ... cutting on inner skin side, 7 ... cutting on outer skin side, 8 ... width Determining cutter, 9 ... Vertically split bamboo material, 10 ... Cassette frame, 11 ... Long bamboo plate, 12 ... Expansion guide, 13 ... Heating expansion table, 14 ... Rolling feed roll, 15 ... Protrusion, 16 …… High frequency electrode, 17 …… Horizontal part, 18 …… Vertical part, 19 …… Notch, 20 …… Width presser ruler, 21 …… Tooth, 22 …… Gear, 23 …… Semi-circular plate, 24… … Rotation axis, 25 …… Feed roll, 26 …… Slanting surface, 27 …… Blade, 28 …… Hole, 29 …… Rotation axis, 30 …… Guide roll, 31 …… Blade, 32 …… Rotating spindle, 33 ...... Spring, 34 …… Hollow circular spindle, 35 …… Guide roll, 36 …… Blade, 37 …… Spring,

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a long bamboo plate in which a long vertical split bamboo material is continuously developed, in which a vertical split bamboo material divided in half or more is fed in the longitudinal direction to perform knotting processing. Bamboo material pre-processing method for shaving the inner and outer skins and for determining the width of the vertical cross section of the bamboo material within a certain range. 2. Bamboo material comprising a feed surface plate (4), a blade type feed roll (5), an inner skin side scraping (6), an outer skin side scraping (7), and a width determining cutter (8). Pre-processing machine. 3. A method for manufacturing a long bamboo flat plate in which a long vertical split bamboo material is continuously developed, wherein a pair of left and right expansion guides are provided at both ends in the width direction of the vertical split bamboo material divided in half or more. 12) A method for manufacturing a long bamboo plate in which the vertically split bamboo material is expanded while the expansion guide (12) is sandwiched and the expansion interval is increased at the same time as the expansion progresses.