JPH07111767A - Power generating apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a power generating apparatus having a high torque and a high energy efficiency, without any increase of its size. CONSTITUTION:A power generating apparatus has an electromagnet 11 generating a rotating magnetic field in the case of its excitation caused by the application of a three-phase AC current to it, a rotary output shaft 12 mounted in a rotatable way on a supporting member 10 so as to be placed in the rotating magnetic field, permanent magnets 14a, 14b which are so provided around the rotary output shaft 12 that the polarity of the rotating magnetic field generated by them is inverse to the one of the rotating magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 11 and which are rotated together with the output shaft 12, and magnetic substances 15a, 15b which are provided respectively on the outsides of the permanent magnets 14a, 14b and are rotated together with the rotary output shaft 12. Through the magnetic substances 15a, 15b, the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnets 14a, 14b are passed respectively, and the magnetic substances 15a, 15b have respectively on their outer peripheral parts magnetic tooth parts 150a, 150b whose width are nearly equal to the ones of the rotating magnetic field. In case of the excitation of the electromagnet 11, the magnetic fluxes are converged on the side of the rotating magnetic field and are rotated together with the rotating magnetic field. Thereby, the rotary output shaft 12 receives a rotating torque.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power conversion device which uses an electromagnet which generates a rotating magnetic field by an alternating current as a stator and uses a permanent magnet and a magnetic material such as mild steel in combination as a rotor. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Up to now, there has been known a synchronous motor which uses an electromagnet for generating a rotating magnetic field by an alternating current as a stator and a permanent magnet as a rotor. In this synchronous motor, an alternating current is applied to the electromagnet of the stator to generate a rotating magnetic field, and the rotating magnetic field pulls and rotates the rotor.

[0003]

However, in this synchronous motor, the energy of the permanent magnet is not used as the input energy like the electrical energy. Further, in this synchronous motor, self-starting is difficult, and for this reason, a squirrel-cage rotor is arranged side by side to accelerate by the principle of an induction motor, but there is a problem in that it becomes large in size.

Therefore, in order to easily obtain the synchronized state, a large number of teeth are provided on the iron core of the synchronous motor to increase the apparent number of poles, thereby lowering the synchronous speed and eliminating the squirrel cage rotor. A synchronous motor (inductor type synchronous motor) has been proposed which can be directly pulled from a stopped state to a synchronous state. This synchronous motor is similar to the stepping motor, but like the stepping motor, only half of the magnetic poles can contribute to the torque. From the viewpoint of the current energy applied to the electromagnet, the synchronous motor is also There is a problem that the energy efficiency is low even from the viewpoint that magnetic energy is not added as input energy.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the magnetic energy of the permanent magnet is converted into the input energy, and the energy is added to the electric energy to be utilized. The purpose is to provide.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power generation device for converting magnetic energy into power, which is fixedly arranged on a support member and is excited by applying an alternating current. An electromagnet that generates a rotating magnetic field, a rotating output shaft that is rotatably mounted on the supporting member so as to be positioned in the rotating magnetic field, and the rotating output shaft having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the rotating magnetic field. A permanent magnet disposed around the rotary output shaft and rotating with the rotary output shaft, and a magnetic body disposed outside the permanent magnet and rotating with the rotary output shaft, wherein the magnetic body has a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. As described above, when the electromagnet is excited, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet converges to the rotating magnetic field side and rotates together with the rotating magnetic field, so that the rotating output shaft receives the rotating torque. Is characterized in that the composed.

[0007]

According to the above invention, when no alternating current is applied to the electromagnet, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet passing through the magnetic body is spread over the entire magnetic body. However, when an alternating current is applied to the electromagnet to generate a rotating magnetic field. The initial rotation torque is generated by the magnetic flux being converged on the rotating magnetic field side. At the same time, a phenomenon occurs in which the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet is extremely weakened or almost disappeared at the end of the magnetic body magnetic tooth opposite to the rotating magnetic field. The force against the direction of rotation is greatly reduced. Therefore, due to the rotating magnetic field that is sequentially excited, only the force that is in addition to the rotating force is unilaterally provided from the permanent magnet. Further, by this, the rotor (the magnetic body and the permanent magnet) is instantaneously brought into the synchronous state, and the synchronous operation, that is, the operation by the rotational torque generated by the load angle θ between the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic axis of the rotor is started.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT A preferred embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an electromagnet 11 serving as a stator is provided between the front and rear side plates 10a of the support member 10. This electromagnet 11 is
For example, a cylindrical iron core 11a provided with 24 slots
It is configured by winding 12 sets of coils 11b, and generates a rotating magnetic field when a three-phase alternating current is applied. This rotating magnetic field, as shown in FIG.
It is distributed in a plane perpendicular to 2 and rotates, for example, clockwise in FIG.

Between the front and rear side plates 10a of the support member 10 and in the rotating magnetic field of the electromagnet 11, the rotary output shaft 12 has the bearing 1
It is equipped rotatably through 3. Semi-cylindrical permanent magnets 14a and 14b are arranged on the outer circumference of the rotation output shaft 12 so as to surround it. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, one permanent magnet 14a is one magnetic pole (S
The other permanent magnet 14b is magnetized so as to be an S pole opposite to the other magnetic pole (N pole) of the rotating magnetic field. The magnetic field created when these permanent magnets 14a, 14b are combined into a cylindrical shape is
Similar to the rotating magnetic field of 1, the magnetic field is distributed in a plane perpendicular to the rotation output shaft 11. Further, the magnetic forces of the permanent magnets 14a and 14b can be set without being restricted by the magnetic force of the rotating magnetic field generated by the electromagnet 11.

On the outside of the permanent magnet 14a, one magnetic body 15a is arranged so as to surround the permanent magnet 14a.
On the outside of 4b, the other magnetic body 15 is formed so as to surround it.
b is arranged, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 14a and 14b passes through these magnetic bodies 15a and 15b. Magnetic body 15a,
Magnetic tooth portions 150a, 150b having a width substantially equal to the rotating magnetic field of the electromagnet 11 and protruding in the radial direction are provided on the outer peripheral portion of 15b.
Are provided integrally with each other. Here, the magnetic body 15
1a and the magnetic body 15b are not joined to each other, and a gap is provided between them as shown in FIG. 1, if the two are joined, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 14a and 14b is the magnetic body 1.
This is because they do not come out of the outer side of 5a and 15b, are confined in the magnetic bodies 15a and 15b, and are difficult to generate the rotating torque by being pulled by the rotating magnetic field.

The permanent magnets 14a, 14b and the magnetic body 15a,
15b is attached to the outside of the rotary output shaft 12 in a coaxial state, and forms a rotor that is pulled by the rotary magnetic field in the rotating magnetic field of the electromagnet 11 and rotates together with the rotary output shaft 12.

Further, in this embodiment, the electromagnet 11 generates a single rotating magnetic field and operates with two poles. Further, one end of the magnetic tooth portions 150a and 150b, that is, the end portions 151a and 151b on the rotation direction side of the rotor are set to an acute angle, and the permanent magnets 14a and 14 passing through the magnetic bodies 15a and 15b are set.
When the magnetic flux of b is converged to the rotating magnetic field side, a large rotating torque is generated (inclination of magnetic force line becomes large in the gap between the magnetic tooth portions 150a and 150b and the iron core 11a of the electromagnet 11). is there. In other words, the rotation torque is efficiently obtained at the time of starting. The magnetic bodies 15a and 15b can be made of, for example, various iron materials, silicon steel sheets, magnetic materials having a high magnetic permeability such as permalloy, but in this embodiment, they are made of a soft magnetic material.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

When a three-phase alternating current is not applied to the electromagnet 11, the permanent magnets 14a, 14 passing through the magnetic bodies 15a, 15b.
The magnetic flux of b is spread over the entire magnetic bodies 15a and 15b, but when a three-phase alternating current is applied to the electromagnet 11 to generate a rotating magnetic field, the magnetic flux is converged to the rotating magnetic field side and the magnetic tooth portion 15 is formed.
0a, 150b by concentrating on the end portions 151a, 151b (see dark ink portion in FIG. 5), the magnetic tooth portions 150a, 1
The magnetic lines of force largely incline in the gap between the iron core 11a of the electromagnet 11 and 50b, and an initial rotational torque in the clockwise direction is generated. As a result, the rotor is instantaneously brought into a synchronous state, and a synchronous operation, that is, an operating state due to the rotational torque generated by the load angle θ between the magnetic axis of the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic axis of the rotor is entered.

In other words, the rotating magnetic field and the magnetic tooth portion 150a,
When a rotating torque is generated by an inquiry with 150b, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets 14a, 14b inside the rotor is converged in the process of passing through the magnetic bodies 15a, 15b by the rotating magnetic field, so that the synchronous operation is instantaneously performed. You can

Here, the test results of the motor of this embodiment at the initial operation will be described.

Soft iron was used as the magnetic material. The shape of the magnetic body is as shown in FIG. Samarium for permanent magnets
Cobalt (SmCo) was used. Its magnetic force is 12,0
It was 00 gauss. The electromagnet is a commercially available induction motor (3-phase Hitachi induction motor TFO-OK, maximum output 31
The same one was used. Digital tachometer HT-410 manufactured by Ono Sokki Co., Ltd.
0 was used.

When the engine was operated under the above conditions and the time required to reach a predetermined rotation speed was measured, the rotation speed was 1,43 instantly.
Reached 0 rpm. The test results were the same as the commercial induction motor described above. From this test, it was confirmed that the motor of the present example could be self-started without arranging the squirrel cage rotor side by side, although it was a synchronous motor.

In this embodiment, a cage rotor is not used,
Since a magnetic material is used, the size can be greatly reduced. Further, since the structure similar to that of the stepping motor is not adopted in order to solve the problem of self-starting, energy efficiency is good. Further, unlike the permanent magnet type synchronous motor, the ratio of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet and the magnetic force of the rotating magnetic field is not limited to 1: 1. The magnetic force of the permanent magnet can be set larger than the magnetic force of the rotating magnetic field to increase the torque. It is possible. That is, as the permanent magnet of high magnetic force is used, high torque can be obtained.

The magnetic body may be eccentrically attached to the rotary output shaft 12 so that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet can be converged to obtain the rotary torque at the start of rotation without providing the magnetic tooth portion. It is possible.

[0022]

As described above, according to the present invention, a magnetic body through which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet passes is arranged outside the permanent magnet in the rotating magnetic field, and when the electromagnet is excited, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is reduced. Since the magnetic field converges on the rotating magnetic field side and rotates together with the rotating magnetic field, at the end opposite to the rotating magnetic field of the magnetic body magnetic tooth part, in the direction of rotation that normally occurs between the iron core of the stator side electromagnet, The reverse force is almost powerless, and only the force acting in the rotation direction from the permanent magnet can be utilized. In other words, it has become possible to convert the magnetic energy of the permanent magnet into work energy on the input side and combine it with the electric energy to generate an output. In addition, self-starting is possible without using a squirrel-cage rotor, downsizing can be achieved, and in order to solve the problem of self-starting, a structure similar to that of a stepping motor is not adopted.
High torque is obtained by using a permanent magnet having high energy efficiency and high magnetic force.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing an embodiment of a motor of the present invention with a part cut and abbreviated.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an end view of a permanent magnet.

4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a rotating magnetic field created by an electromagnet of the motor of FIG. 1. FIG.

5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a converged state of magnetic flux of a permanent magnet when an electromagnet of the motor of FIG. 1 is excited.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Support member 11 Electromagnet 11a Iron core 11b Coil 14a, 14b Permanent magnet 15a, 15b Magnetic body 150a, 150b Magnetic tooth part

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotating magnetic field when used as a power generation device for converting magnetic energy into power, which is fixedly arranged on a support member and is excited by applying a single-phase, three-single, etc. (hereinafter simply referred to as AC) alternating current. A rotating output shaft rotatably mounted on the support member so as to be positioned in the rotating magnetic field, and a rotating output shaft having a polarity opposite to that of the rotating magnetic field. A permanent magnet that is arranged and rotates together with the rotation output shaft, and a magnetic body that is arranged outside the permanent magnet and that rotates together with the rotation output shaft, wherein the magnetic body has a magnetic flux of the permanent magnet passing therethrough; When the electromagnet is excited, the magnetic flux converges on the rotating magnetic field side and rotates together with the rotating magnetic field, so that the rotating output shaft receives a rotating torque. Generating device. 2. The power generator according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic tooth portion having substantially the same width as the rotating magnetic field is provided on the outer circumference of the magnetic body. 3. The power generator according to claim 2, wherein an end of the magnetic tooth portion on the rotation direction side is formed at an acute angle.