JPH0710609U - transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] Improve the lubrication performance of bearings used in large reduction gears and prevent oil leakage from the oil seal part of the reduction gear, and also omit auxiliary equipment for lubrication. To reduce costs. [Configuration] Gear shafts 104a to 104d having different diameters
The height positions La to Ld of the shaft center of the oil seal 108a
, 108d are shifted in different steps so that the lowermost position 112 becomes the same height H1. Further, oil is supplied to the lowest position 112 in the housing 102, and the bearings 106a to 106d are immersed in the oil, but the oil seal 108a,
108d forms a state that does not soak.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a transmission (speed reducer, speed increaser), and particularly to a transmission suitable for use in combination with a large drive motor such as an escalator, an elevator, or a ski lift device. .

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, as a speed reducer used for this type of application, for example, a speed reducer as shown in FIG. 4 has been known.

This speed reducer includes a plurality of gear shafts 4 a to 4 d horizontally incorporated in a housing 2.

As shown in FIG. 5, the housing 2 has a laterally divided structure, that is, a structure in which the housing 2 is divided into upper and lower parts. Semi-circular recesses are formed in the mating surfaces, and circular holes are formed by the upper and lower recesses. The gear shafts 4a to 4d are incorporated in the portion. Reference numerals 6a to 6d are bearings, and 8a and 8d are oil seals.

The casing is divided horizontally, that is, the casing is divided into upper and lower parts. This makes it easy to assemble the gear shafts 4a to 4d including the bearings 6a to 6d and the oil seals 8a and 8d. This is because. Therefore, inevitably, the gear shafts 4a to 4d have the same axial height (position in the vertical direction) H.

By the way, in the speed reducer having such a structure, generally, it is adjusted to the lowest position of the oil seal 8a provided corresponding to the gear shaft (4a in the illustrated example) having the largest shaft diameter. Oil (lubricating oil) is supplied and filled.

That is, the bearing 6a of the gear shaft 4a having the largest shaft diameter is soaked in oil, but the oil seal 8a is filled with an amount of oil which is not soaked. The reason for filling the oil so that the oil seal 8a does not soak is (1) if the oil seal is immersed in the oil seal, the oil seal easily deteriorates, and (2) if the oil seal deteriorates, the oil leaks. This is because (3) the reduction gear itself is large, so the amount of oil to be enclosed is saved as much as possible.

[0008]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the gear shaft 4a having the largest shaft diameter as described above, when oil is sealed so that the oil seal 8a does not soak, the gear shafts having smaller shaft diameters, such as 4c and 4d, are Naturally, such a situation occurs that the bearings 6c and 6d are not submerged in oil (since the heights H of the shaft centers are the same).

Therefore, for the lubrication of these bearings 6c and 6d, for example, oil splashes from the gear 10 are received by a lubrication auxiliary device 9 shaped like a gutter, and the lubrication auxiliary device However, there was a problem in that it was necessary to adopt a configuration in which oil was introduced to the necessary parts by means of 9.

However, this method not only increases the number of parts and the cost due to the mounting of the lubrication auxiliary device 9, but also improves the accumulation of oil on the lubrication auxiliary device 9 by the gear 10, for example. If it is not possible or if the oil cannot be smoothly moved from the lubrication auxiliary device 9 to the predetermined bearing portion, there is a problem that lubrication itself may not be performed well.

The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and saves the amount of oil to be enclosed as in the conventional case and omits the lubricating auxiliary device 9 and the like, which have been essential in the past. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a transmission that can reduce the number of parts and costs and can reliably lubricate a plurality of gear shafts having different diameters.

[0012]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 The present invention relates to a transmission having a plurality of horizontally mounted gear shafts having different shaft diameters and bearings provided corresponding to the respective gear shafts in a housing. The above-mentioned problem is solved by shifting the height of the core in different steps so that the bearings have substantially the same height, and supplying / sealing oil into the housing to such an extent that it can be immersed in each bearing. It has been resolved.

Further, the present invention provides a transmission having a plurality of gear shafts, which are installed in the horizontal direction and have different shaft diameters, and oil seals and bearings provided corresponding to the respective gear shafts, in a housing. In the machine, the height position of the axis of the gear shaft is shifted in stages so that the lowest positions of the respective oil seals are substantially the same height, and the oil is moved to the substantially lowest position in the housing. The above problem is solved by supplying and enclosing the bearing and immersing the bearing in the oil but not the oil seal.

[0014]

[Action]

 In the present invention, the respective gear shafts are shifted in a so-called stepwise manner, and as a result of shifting, the height position of the axial center of each gear shaft is set so that the respective bearings have substantially the same height. Also, in this state, oil is supplied and sealed to the extent that the bearing is immersed in the housing.

As a result, all the bearings of each gear shaft are directly immersed in the oil, and the amount of oil to be enclosed can be minimized.

Further, it has become possible to omit the lubrication auxiliary device, which has been essential in the past, and to reliably lubricate the bearing of each shaft.

In addition, when the steps are made different, if the lowest position of the oil seal is set to the same height and the bearing is soaked but the oil is sealed so that the oil seal is not soaked, in addition to the above action, Furthermore, it becomes possible to prevent deterioration of the oil seal, and even if the oil seal deteriorates, it is possible to prevent oil from leaking from there.

By the way, in the case of realizing the present invention, the housing is divided vertically, that is, a structure in which the housing is divided into right and left, unlike the conventional case, and the respective housings have different heights. By forming the bearing holes, it becomes easy to assemble each bearing and the like.

Although there is a speed reducer that includes a plurality of gear shafts and has a stepped position in the height of the shaft center, there is a speed reducer in the related art. It is due to the size of the gear and the size of the gear to be housed, or to adjust the height position of the input shaft to the height position of the motor.As in the present invention, the position with the oil surface is taken into consideration. It wasn't something.

[0020]

【Example】

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of a speed reducer to which the present invention is applied.

The housing 102 has a vertically divided structure and is divided into two parts 102a and 102b on the front side and the back side of the paper surface of FIG. 1 (upper side and lower side of the paper surface of FIG. 2). Four gear shafts 104a to 104d are incorporated in the housing 102. Of these, the gear shaft (output shaft) 104a has the largest shaft diameter, followed by 104b, and 104c and 104d have the smallest (same) shaft diameters. Incidentally, 104d corresponds to the input shaft.

Here, the heights of the shaft centers of the respective gear shafts 104a to 104d are set to La to Ld, respectively, and as a result, the lowest positions 112 of the oil seals 108a and 108d of the gear shafts 104a and 104d are the same. The height is set to H1. Then, the oil sealed in the housing is supplied and sealed in such an amount that the oil surface just reaches the lowest position 112 (FIG. 3).

The bearings 106a to 106d of the gear shafts 104a to 104d are directly lubricated with oil (without using a lubrication auxiliary device), and the oil seals 108a and 108d are both immersed in the oil. Not not.

Therefore, even if the oil seals 108a and 108d deteriorate, the oil will not leak out. Further, as a result of this configuration, all of the bearings 106a to 106d of the respective gear shafts 104a to 104d can be directly lubricated by only supplying and sealing the minimum amount of oil in the housing.

In the above embodiment, the housing is vertically split, but the present invention does not necessarily require the housing to be vertically split. For example, even with a laterally split structure, it is possible to shift the height of the axial center of each gear shaft in different steps by forming a step on the laterally split surface itself. Further, the structure according to the present invention can be realized even with a so-called integral housing.

The present invention is most effective when applied to a large reducer that requires a large amount of oil, but the reducer of the present invention is limited to only a large reducer. is not. Of course, the invention is not limited to the "speed reducer" but may be a "speed increaser".

It should be noted that the present invention does not necessarily require that the bearing positions of the "all" gear shafts in the housing or the oil seal bottom position be set to be the same, and for example, some main The structure of the present invention is applied to the gear shafts, and some of the other gear shafts are not necessarily the same for some of the gear shafts, for example, when the lubrication caused by the rotation of the gears is sufficient. It is not necessary to set the bearing position and the like to the same as the main gear shaft bearing position and the like.

[0029]

[Effect of device]

 As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to lubricate a plurality of gear shafts having different shaft diameters by a reliable lubrication method of directly immersing them in oil without using a lubrication auxiliary device or the like. In addition to saving the enclosed oil, it is possible to improve the lubrication performance and reduce the cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of a speed reducer to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a gear structure of the apparatus of the above embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a conventional speed reducer.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing an example in which the housing is horizontally divided.

[Explanation of symbols]

 102 ... Housing 104a-104d ... Gear shaft 106a-106d ... Bearing 108a-108d ... Oil seal 112 ... Oil surface La-Ld ... The height position of the shaft center of a gear shaft

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A transmission having a plurality of horizontally mounted gear shafts having different shaft diameters and bearings provided corresponding to the respective gear shafts in a housing, wherein the shaft of the gear shafts. A transmission characterized in that the height of the core is shifted in different steps so that the bearings have substantially the same height, and oil is supplied and sealed in the housing to such an extent that the oil is immersed in the bearings. . 2. A transmission having, in a housing, a plurality of gear shafts which are horizontally installed and have different shaft diameters, and an oil seal and a bearing which are provided so as to correspond to the respective gear shafts. The height position of the shaft center of the shaft is stepwise shifted so that the lowermost position of each of the oil seals becomes substantially the same height, and in the housing, oil is supplied and sealed up to the substantially lowermost position, A transmission characterized in that the bearing is immersed in the oil, but the oil seal is not immersed.