JPH0698137B2 - Biological observation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention is a living body observation apparatus used in the medical field using light, and more specifically, a living body that can be used for diagnosing a tumor or the like that has arisen in the breast of a living body. The present invention relates to an observation device.

(Background of the Invention) A living body observation apparatus for diagnosing breast cancer and the like using light is known. A conventional living body observation apparatus irradiates a breast with light from a surface light source, and an image of the breast by the transmitted light is imaged by an imaging device to diagnose cancer. Since such a device does not use X-rays, there is an advantage that there is no X-ray exposure.

However, since a surface light source is used, there is a problem that the light transmitted through the cancer tissue is affected by the light scattered by the surrounding normal tissue, and the contrast of the image is lowered. There has been a problem of a decrease in detection ability in a cancer tissue or the like that has moved away from the detector.

Therefore, the inventor of the present application conducted various basic experiments to solve the above problems.

First, an experiment was conducted with a model corresponding to a conventional living body observation device that projects parallel light from a surface light source.

FIG. 3 is a plan block diagram of an experimental model corresponding to the conventional biological observation apparatus.

First, put milk in a thin glass container 20 and
Prepare an upright 2.6 mm metal rod (hereinafter simply referred to as the "measurement object") and use this as a model for abnormal tissue in the living body. The position where the metal rod is upright is as follows. The surface of the container 20 on which the light is incident is the front surface, the position closest to the entire surface of the container 20 is position A, and the surface is equidistant from both the front surface and the rear surface (in the drawing, a distance D from the entire surface). The case (if present) is designated as the position B, and the case where it is farthest from the entire surface is designated as the position C.

Next, parallel light from a halogen lamp is projected from the left side of the container 20 in the drawing. The thickness of the container 20 is 40 mm in the direction in which parallel light is incident. A transmission image formed by the parallel light passing through the measurement target is captured by the image capturing device. As this image pickup device, a high sensitivity television camera 21 such as a SIT (Silicon Intensified Target) camera is used.
Is used. The video information picked up by the image pickup device is amplified by the video amplifier circuit 22 and recorded in the VTR 23. The state of this recording can be observed on the monitor 24.

Next, the present inventor conducted an experiment with a living body observation model in which a light beam of a minute spot is projected from a point light source.

FIG. 4 is a plan block diagram of such an experimental model for living body observation. The model of the abnormal tissue in the living body was the same as the above-mentioned measurement object. First, laser light is projected onto the container 20 from the left side of the drawing. At this time, a helium neon gas laser device 30 having a beam diameter of 1 mm and an output of 2 m is used as a light source for irradiating the laser light.

The laser light passes through the object to be measured, is projected on the light receiving surface of the light receiver 33 through the opening provided in the slit 32, and the light receiver 33
Outputs a predetermined signal. With the opening provided in the slit 32 and the light receiving surface of the light receiver 33 aligned on a line, the slit 32 and the light receiver 33 are moved in the vertical direction in the figure. The output signal from the light receiver 33 is transmitted to the ammeter 34, and the output signal from the ammeter 34 is recorded by the plotter 36 via the calculator 35.

FIG. 5 shows the illuminance distributions of the parallel light and the laser light obtained based on the image information and the output signal recorded in this way. 5 (A), (B), and (C) respectively, when the metal rod is arranged at the position A of the container 20, when the metal rod is arranged at the position B of the container 20, the metal rod is arranged at the position C of the container 20. It shows the illuminance distribution when placed at. Further, in FIG. 5, the solid line shows the illuminance distribution of the parallel light obtained by the living body observation model of the type in which the parallel light is projected from the surface light source, and the broken line shows the living body observation model of the light beam projection by the present inventor. It shows the illuminance distribution of the parallel light obtained by. In each of FIGS. 5 (A), (B), and (C), the vertical axis represents the light intensity and the horizontal axis represents the container.
20 shows the change in strength in the vertical direction of the drawing.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, in the conventional experimental model for observing a living body, it is possible to confirm the presence of the metal rod when it is at the position C, but to confirm its presence when it is at another position. I can't. On the other hand, it was found that the experimental model for observing the living body, which was examined by the present inventor, can clearly detect the metal rod at any position.

(Object of the present invention) The present invention has been completed by further consideration by the present inventors on the basis of the results examined above.
By using a light source that generates a light beam with a small cross-sectional area, it is possible to observe the state of the inside of the living body as a two-dimensional projection image with higher resolution and further as a plurality of continuous tomographic images in a substantially three-dimensional manner. It is an object of the present invention to provide a living body observation apparatus that can be used.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention includes a gantry, a gantry driving unit that linearly moves the gantry in a fixed direction with respect to a subject, and a straight line of the gantry with respect to the gantry. A light source that is integrally movable in a direction orthogonal to the moving direction and projects a light beam with a small cross-sectional area toward the subject, and only light in the same direction as the light beam of the light that has passed through the subject. A detector that combines a collimator that allows light to pass through and a detector that detects the light that has passed through the collimator, and a detector that detects when the optical axis of the light source, the optical axis of the detector, and the light passing direction of the collimator match. From the starting point of scanning by the detector moving means that moves the detector in a direction orthogonal to the linear movement direction of the gantry and in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the light source, and the detector moving means while projecting the light beam from the light source. Order to the end One-dimensional scanning that scans the subject by moving it next,
A detection unit moving means and a control means for controlling the gantry driving means to repeat a plurality of times while interposing an operation of linearly moving the gantry with respect to the subject by a predetermined distance at each end of one-dimensional scanning, and detecting. Storage means for storing the output of the instrument in association with the moving position of the detection unit and the linear moving position of the gantry, and an observing means for observing the internal state of the subject as a two-dimensional projected image by the stored contents of the storing means. It is characterized by being provided.

According to this, since the one-dimensional scanning in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam is repeated while moving in the direction orthogonal to both the scanning direction and the optical axis of the light beam,
It becomes possible to obtain a two-dimensional projection image in which the subject is observed from the projection direction of the light beam.

In order to achieve the above object, a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a gantry and a gantry that are linearly moved in a certain direction with respect to an object and integrally movable in a direction orthogonal to the linear moving direction. A light source that projects a light beam with a small cross-sectional area toward the subject, a collimator that allows only light in the same direction as the light beam to pass through the subject, and detection that detects light that has passed through the collimator. With the detector combined with the optical axis of the light source, the optical axis of the detector and the passing direction of the light of the collimator, and the detector is orthogonal to the linear movement direction of the gantry and the optical axis of the light source. One-dimensional scanning in which the detection unit moving means for moving in the direction orthogonal to the direction and the detection unit moving means sequentially moves the detection unit from the scanning start point to the scanning end point in the state where the light beam is projected from the light source to scan the subject. To A series of operations of repeating the operation of rotating the gantry by a predetermined angle by the gantry driving means a plurality of times while intervening each time one-dimensional scanning is completed, and a series of operations of linearly moving the gantry by a predetermined distance with respect to the subject The control means for controlling the detector moving means and the gantry driving means so as to be repeated a plurality of times while intervening each time the operation of the above, and the output of the detector correspond to the moving position of the detector and the linear moving position and rotating position of the gantry. It is characterized in that it is provided with a storage means for storing the data, and an observation means for observing an internal state of the subject as a plurality of tomographic images of the subject that are continuous by a predetermined distance according to the stored contents of the storage means.

According to this, since the one-dimensional scanning in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam is performed from every direction by the rotation of the gantry, so-called tomographic image of the subject can be obtained, and this can be performed in the scanning direction. Since it is repeated while moving in a direction orthogonal to both the optical axis of the light beam and the optical axis of the light beam, substantial three-dimensional observation by a plurality of tomographic images becomes possible.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention includes a gantry, gantry driving means for linearly moving the gantry in a fixed direction with respect to a subject, and a gantry provided to generate a light beam having a small cross-sectional area. Light source, a deflection projection means for deflecting the light beam from the light source and projecting the light beam toward each scanning position of the subject, and of the light transmitted through each scanning position of the subject, only the light in the same direction as the light beam Detection that combines a plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each scanning position to be passed and a plurality of detectors arranged corresponding to each scanning position to detect light respectively passing through a plurality of collimators And a deflection projection means for sequentially deflecting a light beam from a light source from a scanning start point to an end point in a direction orthogonal to the linear movement direction of the gantry to scan an object by a gantry driving means. And a control means for controlling the deflection projection means and the gantry driving means so as to repeat a plurality of times while interposing an operation of linearly moving the gantry with respect to the subject by a predetermined distance at each end of one-dimensional scanning, and a plurality of detectors. A storage unit that stores the output in association with the linear movement position of the gantry for each detector, and an observation unit that observes the internal state of the subject as a two-dimensional projection image according to the storage contents of the storage unit are provided. Characterize.

According to this, since the one-dimensional scanning in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam is repeated while moving in the direction orthogonal to both the scanning direction and the optical axis of the light beam,
It is possible to obtain a two-dimensional projection image in which the subject is observed from the projection direction of the light beam.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention includes a gantry, a gantry driving unit that linearly moves the gantry with respect to a subject in a fixed direction, and rotationally moves by a central axis in the linear movement direction, and the gantry. A light source that generates a light beam with a small cross-sectional area, a deflection projection unit that deflects the light beam from the light source and projects the light beam toward each scanning position of the subject, and transmits each scanning position of the subject. A plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each scanning position that passes only the light in the same direction as the light beam of the light beam, and a plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each scanning position that detects the light beams respectively passing through the plurality of collimators And a subject to be detected by deflecting the light beam from the light source from the light source from the light source by the deflection projection means in the direction orthogonal to the moving direction of the gantry from the starting point to the ending point of the scanning. The gantry driving means performs a series of operations in which the gantry driving means rotates the gantry by a predetermined angle for a plurality of times while intervening the operation of rotating the gantry by a predetermined angle at each end of the one-dimensional scanning. A control means for controlling the deflection projection means and the gantry driving means so as to be repeated a plurality of times while interposing a movement for moving a predetermined distance at each end of a series of operations, and a straight line of the gantry for each detector to output the plurality of detectors. A storage means for storing the movement position and the rotation position in association with each other, and an observation means for observing the internal state of the subject as a plurality of continuous tomographic images with a predetermined distance from the stored contents of the storage means. Is characterized by.

According to this, since the one-dimensional scanning in the direction orthogonal to the optical axis of the light beam is performed from every direction by the rotation of the gantry, so-called tomographic image of the subject can be obtained, and this can be performed in the scanning direction. Since it is repeated while moving in a direction orthogonal to both the optical axis of the light beam and the optical axis of the light beam, substantial three-dimensional observation by a plurality of tomographic images becomes possible.

(Examples) Hereinafter, some examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same elements are designated by the same reference numerals. In addition, the dimensional ratio of each portion in the drawings does not necessarily match the actual dimensional ratio, and the same applies to the area.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention.

As the light source 1, a device capable of outputting a light beam having a small cross-sectional area with a beam diameter of about 1 mm, for example, a helium neon gas laser device with an output of 2 mmW is used. A photomultiplier tube having a multi-alkali photocathode having sensitivity from visible light to infrared light is used as the detector 4 that detects the light from the light source 1 that has passed through the subject 2. The detector 4 arranged facing the light source 1
Only the light in the optical axis direction of the light source 1 is detected by the function of the collimator 3. The detection unit including the light source 1, the collimator 3, and the detector 4 and the detection unit driving device 5 that drives the detection unit are integrated, and these can be moved on the pedestal 6 in the Y direction (vertical direction in the drawing). is there. Therefore, the light beam projected from the light source 1 in the X direction can be scanned by the detector driving device 5 in the Y direction orthogonal thereto.

Further, the pedestal 6 has the light source 1, the collimator 3, the detector 4, and the detection unit driving device 5 mounted therein, and the Z direction (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface) with respect to the subject 2, that is, the moving direction of the detection unit and the light beam. It is linearly movable in a direction orthogonal to both the optical axis directions. Therefore, one-dimensional scanning (scanning from the start point to the end point) of scanning the light beam of the optical axis in the X direction in the Y direction can be repeatedly performed a plurality of times by changing the position in the Z direction by a predetermined distance. Dimensional light beam scanning and detection is possible.

The analog electric output of the detector 4 is converted into digital data by the analog-digital converter 7, and the interface 8
Is input to the arithmetic unit 9 via. Further, by the detector driving device 5 which receives a command from the arithmetic unit 9, the detector composed of the light source 1, the collimator 3 and the detector 4 integrally moves on the pedestal 6 in the Y direction, so that the projection beam is not covered. Perform a linear scan in the Y direction of the sample, that is, the subject, and
Each time this scanning is performed from the start point to the end point (one-dimensional scanning is performed), the scanning line linearly moves in the Z direction for a predetermined distance, and again the detection unit driving device 5 acts so that the beam of the optical axis in the X direction is emitted. By repeating the scanning in the Y direction by, the two-dimensional projection data inside the subject viewed from the direction of the light source 1 is obtained.

These data are combined with the Y-direction linear scanning position and the Z-direction position by the arithmetic unit 9 and are stored in the storage unit 11. After being constructed as two-dimensional projection image data, they are displayed as a projection image on the image display unit 10. And is used as diagnostic information of the subject.

Further, in the present invention, since the gantry 6 is capable of rotational movement with the central portion thereof, that is, the axis in the linear movement direction as the rotational axis, the rotational movement with the central portion of the pedestal 6 as the rotational axis allows the entire subject to be examined. It is possible to obtain light transmittance data from all directions. This data can be used as data input to a CT (computer tomography) computing device to form tomographic image data. Therefore, one-dimensional scanning in the Y direction by the detector driving device 5 is repeated while rotating the gantry 6. The series of operations called
It is possible to obtain a plurality of continuous tomographic images of the subject by repeating the movement in the Z direction. That is, projection data from all directions of the subject can be obtained by rotating the gantry, so that data for a tomographic image can be obtained by computer tomography (CT) technology.

It is also possible to prepare a plurality of laser devices having different oscillation wavelengths and rotate the reflecting mirror on the light emission axis to switch the laser to be irradiated to the subject. At this time, the tissue detection ability can be improved by taking the ratio or difference of the light transmittance obtained from the spectrum.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the living body observation apparatus according to the present invention.

The apparatus of this embodiment uses a light source instead of the scanning in the Y direction in the apparatus of the first embodiment, that is, the scanning in which the beam of the optical axis in the X direction is translated in the Y direction (scan for obtaining one-dimensional projection data). It is characterized in that one beam is configured to be deflected and scanned on the XY plane, and one-dimensional projection data is similarly obtained. The gantry 6 has a light source 1 that projects a light beam having a small cross-sectional area, and collimators A _{1 to} A provided at each scanning position so as to pass only the light emitted from the light source 1 and deflected in the optical axis direction. a collimator group 15 composed of _n, as well as the detector group 16 consisting of the detector B ₁ .about.B _n provided for each scanning position of the beam, a scanning mirror 14 for reflecting the light beam from the light source 1, the scanning mirror A mirror driving device 13 that drives 14 to deflect the light beam in various directions on the XY plane is mounted.
Are provided so that they can rotate and move linearly in the Z direction.

That is, since the gantry 6 is rotatable, data on the light transmittance from all directions of the entire subject can be obtained. In addition, since the linear movement in the Z direction is possible,
It can be easily understood that two-dimensional projection data can be obtained when the gantry 6 is not rotated by this linear movement in the Z direction, and that it is easy to obtain a plurality of two-dimensional tomographic data by rotating the gantry 6. .

The optical axes of the collimators A _{1 to} A _n forming the collimator group 15 are arranged so as to face the center of the scanning mirror 14, that is, the center of deflection scanning of the light beam. The light beam from the light source 1 is scanned on the X-Y plane by scanning mirror 14 is caused to successively enter each collimator A ₁ to A _n. The light transmitted through the subject and incident on each collimator A ₁ -A _n is detected by a detector group.
It is incident on 16 corresponding detectors B _{1 to} B _n , where it is photoelectrically converted. The analog electric output of each detector B _{1 to} B _n is the corresponding analog-digital converter C _{1 of the} analog-digital converter group 17.
Is converted to digital data by C _n and input to the arithmetic unit 9 via the interface 8.

On the gantry 6, one-dimensional scanning of rotating the scanning mirror 14 by a constant angle is performed from the starting point to the end point, and then the gantry 6 is moved by a predetermined distance in the Z direction, and then the one-dimensional scanning is performed. Repeated a plurality of times, the data corresponding to the linear movement position of the gantry 6 and the output data for each of the detectors B _{1 to} B _n are accumulated in the storage device 11 to perform the calculation.
A projection image of the subject can be obtained in the same manner as described in the embodiments. Further, if one-dimensional scanning by the rotation of the scanning mirror 14 is repeated while rotating the gantry 6 and further the operation of linearly moving the gantry 6 at the end of each series of operations is repeated, each detector can be detected. B ₁ ~ B _n
By accumulating the data for each of these together with the linear movement position and the rotation position of the gantry 6 and calculating them with the CT calculator, it is possible to obtain tomographic images of the subject as a plurality of continuous tomographic images.

In the conventional type of biological observation apparatus described with reference to FIG. 3, detection of a tumor having a diameter of about 10 mm was the limit, but the biological observation apparatus of the first or second embodiment according to the present invention was used. When a tumor was actually detected by using it, it was confirmed that a tumor having a diameter of about 5 mm was also sufficiently detected. From this, it was found that the living body observation apparatus according to these examples can obtain higher resolution than the conventional living body observation apparatus.

Although the laser is used as the light source 1 in the above-described embodiment, the light emitted from the incandescent lamp is focused and collimated.
Other light sources may be used as long as a light beam having a small cross-sectional area can be obtained.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, the living body observation apparatus of the present invention irradiates the subject with a beam of light, detects only the light of the optical axis of the projection beam among the transmitted light, and Since the scanning is performed on a plane, a higher resolution can be obtained as compared with the conventional case of using plane parallel rays. And
When the above scanning is performed from the start point to the end point, the gantry is moved in the direction orthogonal to the scanning plane to repeat the scanning on the above plane, so that a two-dimensional projected image can be observed.

Furthermore, by repeating such projection data while rotating the gantry, projection images from different angles can be obtained, and thus can be reconstructed into a plurality of continuous tomographic images using computer tomography.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a living body observation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the living body observation apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an experimental model corresponding to a conventional biological observation apparatus. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an experimental model for observing a living body with minute spot light by the present inventors. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the measurement results of the experimental models shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 for comparison. 1 ... Light source, 2 ... Subject, 3 ... Collimator, 4 ... Detector,
5 ... Detection unit drive device, 6 ... Frame, 7 ... Analog-digital converter, 8 ... Interface, 9 ... Arithmetic device, 10 ... Image display device, 11 ... Storage device, 12 ... Frame drive unit, 13 ... Mirror drive device, 14 ... Scanning mirror, 15 ... Collimator group, 16 ...
Analog-to-digital converter group, 17 ... Container, 20 ... Container, 21 ...
TV camera, 22 ... Video amplifier, 23 ... VTR, 24 ... Monitor, 30
… Laser device, 32… Slit, 33… Light receiver, 34… Ammeter, 35… Arithmetic unit, 36… Plotter.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takeshi Hayakawa 1 1126 Ichinomachi, Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture 1126 Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd. Incorporated (72) Inventor Kazuyoshi Ota 1 1126, Nomachi, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Prefecture 1 Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP 57-115232 (JP, A) JP 60-72542 (JP) , A)

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A gantry, gantry driving means for linearly moving the gantry with respect to a subject in a fixed direction, and integrally movable with respect to the gantry in a direction orthogonal to a linear moving direction of the gantry. A light source that is provided to project a light beam having a small cross-sectional area toward the subject, a collimator that passes only light in the same direction as the light beam among the light that has passed through the subject, and light that has passed through the collimator A detection unit formed by combining a detector for detecting, the optical axis of the light source, the optical axis of the detector, and the passing direction of the light of the collimator in a state in which the detection unit and the linear movement direction of the gantry are aligned. A detector moving unit that moves the detector in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the light source, and the detector moving unit in the state of projecting a light beam from the light source in order from the start point to the end point of scanning. A plurality of times of one-dimensional scanning for moving the subject by moving the cradle driving means for linear movement of the cradle with respect to the subject by a predetermined distance are intervened at each end of the one-dimensional scanning. Control means for controlling the detector moving means and the gantry driving means so as to repeat; storage means for storing the output of the detector in association with the moving position of the detector and the linear moving position of the gantry; A living body observation apparatus comprising: an observation unit that observes an internal state of the subject as a two-dimensional projection image according to the stored contents of the unit. 2. A gantry, gantry driving means for linearly moving the gantry with respect to a subject in a fixed direction and rotatingly moving about a central axis of the linear moving direction, and a linear moving direction of the gantry with respect to the gantry. A light source that is provided so as to be movable integrally in a direction orthogonal to the light source and projects a light beam with a small cross-sectional area toward the subject, and only light in the same direction as the light beam among the light that has passed through the subject. A collimator that passes the light and a detector that combines a detector that detects the light that has passed through the collimator; and a state in which the optical axis of the light source, the optical axis of the detector, and the light passing direction of the collimator match. A detection unit moving means for moving the detection unit in a direction orthogonal to the linear movement direction of the gantry and in a direction orthogonal to the optical axis direction of the light source, and the detection unit movement hand in a state in which a light beam is projected from the light source. One-dimensional scanning in which the detection unit is sequentially moved from the start point to the end point of scanning by a step to scan the subject, and an operation of rotating the gantry by a predetermined angle by the gantry driving means is performed at each end of the one-dimensional scanning. The detection unit is configured to repeat a plurality of operations, which are repeated a plurality of times while intervening, while repeating an operation of linearly moving the gantry with respect to the subject by a predetermined distance by the gantry driving means at each end of the series of operations. Control means for controlling the moving means and the gantry driving means; storage means for storing the output of the detector in association with the moving position of the detecting section and the linear moving position and rotating position of the gantry; A living body, comprising: an observation unit that observes an internal state of the subject as a plurality of tomographic images of the subject that are continuous according to the stored contents at the predetermined distance. Police apparatus. 3. A gantry, gantry driving means for linearly moving the gantry with respect to a subject in a fixed direction, a light source provided on the gantry, which generates a light beam having a small cross-sectional area, and light from the light source. Deflection projection means for deflecting the beam and projecting it toward each scanning position of the subject, and each of the scanning positions for passing only the light in the same direction as the light beam among the light transmitted through each of the scanning positions of the subject A plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each, and a detection unit formed by combining a plurality of detectors arranged corresponding to each of the scanning positions for detecting the light respectively passing through the plurality of collimators, One-dimensional scanning for scanning an object by sequentially deflecting the light beam from the light source by the deflection projection means in a direction orthogonal to the linear movement direction of the gantry from a scanning start point to an end point is performed. A control means for controlling the deflection projection means and the gantry driving means to repeat a plurality of times while interposing an operation of linearly moving the gantry by a predetermined distance with respect to the subject at each end of the one-dimensional scanning, Storage means for storing the outputs of the plurality of detectors in association with the linear movement position of the gantry for each detector, and observing the internal state of the subject as a two-dimensional projected image by the stored contents of the storage means An observing means for observing the living body. 4. A gantry, a gantry driving means for linearly moving the gantry with respect to a subject in a fixed direction and rotatingly moving about a central axis of the linear moving direction, and an optics provided on the gantry and having a small cross-sectional area. A light source that generates a beam, a deflection projection unit that deflects the light beam from the light source and projects the light beam toward each scanning position of the subject, and the light beam of the light transmitted through each of the scanning positions of the subject A plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each of the scanning positions for passing only light in the same direction, and a plurality of collimators arranged corresponding to each of the scanning positions for detecting light respectively passing through the plurality of collimators. And a detector which is a combination of the detector and the deflection projection means to sequentially deflect the light beam from the light source from a scanning start point to an end point in a direction orthogonal to the movement direction of the gantry. The scanning of the one-dimensional scanning the specimen,
The gantry driving means causes the gantry driving means to linearly move the gantry by a predetermined distance with respect to the subject by performing a series of operations that are repeated a plurality of times while interposing the operation of rotating the gantry by a predetermined angle at each end of the one-dimensional scanning. While interposing the operation of moving at each end of the series of operations, control means for controlling the deflection projection means and the gantry driving means to be repeated a plurality of times, and the output of the plurality of detectors for each detector. Storage means for storing in correspondence with the linear movement position and rotation position of the gantry, and observation for observing the internal state of the subject as a plurality of tomographic images of the subject continuous by the predetermined distance by the stored contents of the storage means A living body observation apparatus comprising: 5. The spectrum distribution of the light beam from the light source is variable, and the detector detects transmitted light corresponding to each spectrum distribution. 5. The biological observation device according to any one of items 4.