JPH0690748A - Tissue-culture of saffron pistil - Google Patents

Tissue-culture of saffron pistil

Info

Publication number
JPH0690748A
JPH0690748A JP4264060A JP26406092A JPH0690748A JP H0690748 A JPH0690748 A JP H0690748A JP 4264060 A JP4264060 A JP 4264060A JP 26406092 A JP26406092 A JP 26406092A JP H0690748 A JPH0690748 A JP H0690748A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
medium
saffron
culture
acid
ester
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP4264060A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP3130381B2 (en
Inventor
Keiji Takagi
啓二 高木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd filed Critical Mikimoto Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Priority to JP04264060A priority Critical patent/JP3130381B2/en
Publication of JPH0690748A publication Critical patent/JPH0690748A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3130381B2 publication Critical patent/JP3130381B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
  • Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently produce large amounts of crocin and crocetin which are pigments of saffron by culturing saffron pistil in a medium containing specific compounds such as salicylic acid (ester) and benzoic acid (ester). CONSTITUTION:Tissue culture of saffron pistil is carried out by using a medium containing preferably 10-100ppm (based on the medium) of a compound selected from salicylic acid, a salicylic acid ester, benzoic acid, a benzoic acid ester and acetylsalicylic acid. The culture is preferably carried out at 20-25 deg.C in a dark place. The medium is e.g. Murashige-Skoog medium.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、食用、薬用のサフラン
の中の有効成分の一つである色素を効果的に培養する方
法である。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for effectively culturing a pigment which is one of the active ingredients in edible and medicinal saffron.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】サフランはアヤメ科の多年生草本クロッ
カス・サティウス L.(Crocus sativus L.) であり、
柱頭部を乾燥したものを生薬として用いる。スペイン、
フランス、イタリア、わが国では広島、香川、大分、岩
手県で生産されている。成分としては、カロチノイド色
素約2%を含み、その成分はクロシン(クロセチンの配
糖体)で、また苦味配糖体ピクロクロシン(Picrocroci
n) 約2%、精油0.4〜1.3%を含む。精油の主成
分はサフラナール(生薬特有の芳香成分)である。
2. Description of the Related Art Saffron is a perennial herbaceous Crocus satius L. (Crocus sativus L.),
The dried stigma is used as a crude drug. Spain,
It is produced in France, Italy and Japan, in Hiroshima, Kagawa, Oita and Iwate prefectures. As a component, it contains about 2% of carotenoid pigment, the component is crocin (glycoside of crocetin), and the bitter glycoside picrocrocin (Picrocroci).
n) Includes about 2%, essential oil 0.4-1.3%. The main component of essential oil is safranal (aroma component peculiar to crude drugs).

【0003】このサフランは香辛料、食品着色料とし
て、或いは薬用として利用されているが、そのメシベの
乾燥物を利用するので天然物では、取れる量が少なく、
その単価も非常に高い。また天然物では気候の変化を受
け、一定の品質のものが得られにくい。そこで、組織培
養が各種試みられている。
This saffron is used as a spice, a food coloring, or as a medicinal product, but since it is a dried product of messive, it can be taken in a small amount as a natural product.
The unit price is also very high. In addition, natural products are difficult to obtain a certain quality due to climate change. Therefore, various tissue cultures have been tried.

【0004】例えば、特開昭62−275617号公報
には、クロカス・サティウス L.すなわちサフランの
雌ずい又はそれに相当する器官をサイトカイニン又はサ
イトカイニン及びオーキシンを含有する人工培養基にて
生長、肥大成熟させる方法が開示されている。サイトカ
イニンは古くより植物培養細胞の細胞分裂を誘起する物
質として知られており、又オーキシンと併用すること
で、カルスの誘導や細胞増殖が促進されることも知られ
ている。
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-275617 discloses Crocus Satius L. That is, there is disclosed a method in which a pistil of saffron or an organ corresponding thereto is grown and enlarged and matured with cytokinin or an artificial culture medium containing cytokinin and auxin. Cytokinin has long been known as a substance that induces cell division of plant cultured cells, and it is also known that in combination with auxin, induction of callus and cell proliferation are promoted.

【0005】特開昭63−109788号公報には、ク
ロカス・サティウス L.の雌性器官を摘出してサイト
カイニンを含有する人工培養基で培養し、サフラナー
ル、ピクロクロシン及びそれらの類似体、クロシン、ク
ロセチン及びそれらの類似体よりなる群より選ばれた1
種以上の物質を生産するものである。しかし、サフラン
の雌ずいに、これらの物質が含まれていることは古くよ
り知られていることである。
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-109788 discloses Crocus Satius L. Of the female organ of Escherichia coli and cultured in an artificial culture medium containing cytokinin, and selected from the group consisting of safranal, picrocrocin and their analogs, crocin, crocetin and their analogs.
It produces more than one substance. However, it has long been known that saffron pistil contains these substances.

【0006】特開昭63−160580号公報は、クロ
ッカス属植物のカルスを植物ホルモン添加のMS培地で
培養するものである。植物組織の培養にオーキシンやサ
イトカイニン等の植物ホルモンを使用することは古くよ
りよく知られており、ムラシゲ・スクーグ培地も通常用
いられている培地である。
[0006] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-160580 discloses that callus of a crocus plant is cultured in an MS medium containing plant hormones. It has long been well known to use plant hormones such as auxin and cytokinin for culturing plant tissues, and Murashige-Skoog medium is also a commonly used medium.

【0007】特開昭63−258574号公報には、サ
フランの柱頭、花柱、子房、胚珠、花弁の部分を摘出
し、これを切り分けた組織をサイトカイニンとオーキシ
ンを添加したLS培地又はB5培地に移植し、継代培養
するものである。植物の部分を摘出、切り分けて培養す
ることは古くより行われ、サイトカイニンやオーキシン
の植物ホルモンも通常使用され、リンスマイヤー・スク
ーグの培地、ガンボルグ培地なども通常使用される培地
である。
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-258574, the stigma, style, ovary, ovule, and petal part of saffron are extracted, and the cut tissue is placed in LS medium or B5 medium containing cytokinin and auxin. It is transplanted and subcultured. It has been practiced for a long time to extract plant parts, cut and culture, and plant hormones such as cytokinin and auxin are usually used, and Rinsmeier-Skoog medium, Gamborg's medium and the like are also commonly used mediums.

【0008】これらの何れの方法を試験しても、それほ
どサフランの有効成分の増殖の速度が増すことはない
し、有効成分が飛躍的に増産されるわけではない。
Testing any of these methods does not significantly increase the rate of growth of the active ingredient of saffron, and does not significantly increase the production of the active ingredient.

【0009】[0009]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、サフ
ランの有効成分の1つであるクロシン、クロセチンの色
素をより効率的に得る方法を提供することである。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for more efficiently obtaining pigments of crocin and crocetin, which are one of the active ingredients of saffron.

【0010】[0010]

【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、前記課題を
解決するため鋭意研究を行った結果、従来より知られて
いる培地及び/又は添加物に特殊な添加物を添加するこ
とにより解決し得ることを見い出し本発明を完成した。
すなわち本発明は、サリチル酸、サリチル酸エステル、
安息香酸、安息香酸エステル、及びアセチルサリチル酸
よりなる群より選んだ少なくとも1種を含有する培地を
用いて培養することを特徴とするサフランメシベの組織
培養方法である。
Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have solved the problems by adding special additives to conventionally known media and / or additives. The present invention has been completed by finding out what can be done.
That is, the present invention is salicylic acid, salicylic acid ester,
A method for tissue culture of saffron messive, which comprises culturing using a medium containing at least one selected from the group consisting of benzoic acid, benzoic acid ester, and acetylsalicylic acid.

【0011】サリチル酸、サリチル酸エステル、安息香
酸、安息香酸エステル及び、アセチルサリチル酸よりな
る群より選んだ少なくとも1種の配合量は培地に対して
1〜1000ppm 、好ましくは10〜100ppm を添加
すると良好な結果が得られることが判明した。
At least one compound selected from the group consisting of salicylic acid, salicylic acid ester, benzoic acid, benzoic acid ester and acetylsalicylic acid is added to the medium in an amount of 1 to 1000 ppm, preferably 10 to 100 ppm. It turned out that

【0012】これらに用いる培地としては、特に限定さ
れずムラシゲ及びスクーグ(Murashige and Skoog) の培
地、ホワイト(White) の培地、ガンボルグ(Gamborg) ら
の培地、ニッチュ(Nitsch)の培地、ヘラー(Heller)の培
地、シェンク及びヒルデブラント(Schenk and Hildebra
ndt)の培地、ニッチュ及びニッチュ(Nitsch and Nitsc
h)の培地、コーレンバック及びシュミット(Kohllenback
and Schmidt) の培地、ノップ(Knop)の培地、リンスマ
イヤー及びスクーグ(Linsmaier and Skoog) の培地、等
の培地がある。
The medium used for these is not particularly limited, and Murashige and Skoog medium, White medium, Gamborg et al. Medium, Nitsch medium, Heller medium. ) Medium, Schenk and Hildebrat
ndt) medium, Nitsch and Nitsc (Nitsch and Nitsc
h) medium, Kohlenback and Schmidt
and Schmidt's medium, Knop's medium, Linsmaier and Skoog's medium, and the like.

【0013】これらの培地に、必要により、植物成長調
整物質として知られているサイトカイニン、オーキシン
を添加してもよい。サイトカイニンとしては、ベンジル
アデニン、ゼアチン、カイネチン等が例示でき、これら
をその種類によって異なるが、添加するときは、0.0
1〜20ppm 添加する。オーキシンにはナフタレン酢
酸、インドール酢酸、2,4‐ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸
等が例示でき、これらをその種類によって異なるが、添
加するときは、0.01〜20ppm 添加する。
If necessary, cytokinins and auxins known as plant growth regulators may be added to these media. Examples of cytokinins include benzyladenine, zeatin, kinetin, etc., which vary depending on the type, but when added, 0.0
Add 1 to 20 ppm. Examples of auxins include naphthaleneacetic acid, indoleacetic acid, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. These are different depending on the kind, but when added, 0.01 to 20 ppm is added.

【0014】また、必要により、他の培地用薬剤も添加
することができる。また、温度は20〜25℃で暗所で
培養する。適切な時期にメシベを接種しこれらの条件下
で培養することによって色素を大量に生産できることが
判明した。
If necessary, other medium chemicals can be added. Also, the culture is performed at a temperature of 20 to 25 ° C. in the dark. It has been found that a large amount of pigment can be produced by inoculating messy at the appropriate time and culturing under these conditions.

【0015】[0015]

【実施例】以下の実施例によって、本発明を更に具体的
に説明するが、本発明は、この実施例に限定されるもの
ではない。 (実施例1〜14)(比較例1) 花芽が10cm位に伸びたサフランの球根の外皮を剥き、
変色した部分を除去した後、流水で3時間洗浄した。1
0%塩化ベンザルコニウムに3〜4秒、70%エタノー
ルに1〜2秒、5%次亜塩素酸ナトリウムに20〜40
分浸漬した。そののちは無菌的に行った。花芽を球根の
部分を残して切り取り、滅菌水で3回洗浄した。次に花
芽から蕾を取り出して切開し、メシベを花柱を長くつけ
た状態で取り出し、培地に接種した。培地は、ムラシゲ
及びスクーグの培地に、サッカロース4%、寒天末0.
9%を添加し、pH5.8に調整した。これにナフタレン
酢酸10ppm 、ベンジルアデニン1ppm を加えた。これ
に更に表1に示す添加物を加えた。培養結果を表2に示
す。培養結果は全量を細切して80℃で1時間乾燥後、
4%水酸化ナトリウム50%エタノール溶液50mlで1
8時間暗所攪拌後、この液の10mlをとり、リン酸1ml
を加えてエタノールで50mlに定容した。この液を0.
45μmのメンブランでろ過し、425nmの吸光度を測
定した。
The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. (Examples 1 to 14) (Comparative Example 1) The outer skin of a saffron bulb with a flower bud extending to about 10 cm was peeled off,
After removing the discolored portion, it was washed with running water for 3 hours. 1
0% benzalkonium chloride for 3-4 seconds, 70% ethanol for 1-2 seconds, 5% sodium hypochlorite for 20-40
It was soaked for a minute. After that, it was performed aseptically. The flower buds were cut off leaving the bulbs and washed 3 times with sterile water. Then, the buds were taken out from the flower buds and incised, and the messies were taken out in a state where the styles were long and inoculated into the medium. The medium was Murashige and Skoog's medium with 4% saccharose and 0. agar powder.
The pH was adjusted to 5.8 by adding 9%. To this, 10 ppm of naphthalene acetic acid and 1 ppm of benzyladenine were added. The additives shown in Table 1 were further added to this. The culture results are shown in Table 2. The culture results were finely chopped and dried at 80 ° C for 1 hour.
1 with 50 ml of 4% sodium hydroxide 50% ethanol solution
After stirring in the dark for 8 hours, take 10 ml of this solution and add 1 ml of phosphoric acid.
Was added and the volume was adjusted to 50 ml with ethanol. Add this solution to 0.
After filtration through a 45 μm membrane, the absorbance at 425 nm was measured.

【0016】[0016]

【表1】 [Table 1]

【0017】[0017]

【表2】 [Table 2]

【0018】[0018]

【発明の効果】サフランメシベの培養培地に、サリチル
酸、サリチル酸エステル、安息香酸、安息香酸エステル
及びアセチルサリチル酸よりなる群より選んだ少なくと
も1種を添加することによって、実施例に示したように
添加しない場合にくらべ色素の量が大幅に増加した。
EFFECT OF THE INVENTION By adding at least one selected from the group consisting of salicylic acid, salicylic acid ester, benzoic acid, benzoic acid ester and acetylsalicylic acid to the culture medium of saffron messive, no addition is made as shown in the examples. The amount of pigment increased significantly compared to the case.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.5 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C12R 1:00) (C12P 7/44 C12R 1:00) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 5 Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C12R 1:00) (C12P 7/44 C12R 1:00)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 サリチル酸、サリチル酸エステル、安息
香酸、安息香酸エステル、及びアセチルサリチル酸より
なる群より選んだ少なくとも1種を含有する培地を用い
て培養することを特徴とするサフランメシベの組織培養
方法。
1. A method for culturing saffron messy tissue, which comprises culturing using a medium containing at least one selected from the group consisting of salicylic acid, salicylic acid ester, benzoic acid, benzoic acid ester, and acetylsalicylic acid.
JP04264060A 1992-09-08 1992-09-08 Tissue culture method of Saffron Mesbe Expired - Fee Related JP3130381B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04264060A JP3130381B2 (en) 1992-09-08 1992-09-08 Tissue culture method of Saffron Mesbe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP04264060A JP3130381B2 (en) 1992-09-08 1992-09-08 Tissue culture method of Saffron Mesbe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0690748A true JPH0690748A (en) 1994-04-05
JP3130381B2 JP3130381B2 (en) 2001-01-31

Family

ID=17397978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP04264060A Expired - Fee Related JP3130381B2 (en) 1992-09-08 1992-09-08 Tissue culture method of Saffron Mesbe

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP3130381B2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108419679A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-08-21 浙江大学 The tissue culture method of west safflower

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108419679A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-08-21 浙江大学 The tissue culture method of west safflower

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3130381B2 (en) 2001-01-31

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