JPH0687487A - Structure of high speed ship spreading air bubble - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the contact resistance of water by forming the structure for storing air particles in pot parts with a largeness of the contact area of the pot parts or the floating force of the air itself or the surface tension of the air bubbles to separate the ship bottom from the water with the air particles stored in the multiple pot parts. CONSTITUTION:Pressure chambers 7 are provided to control plural air feeding to pot parts 1 simultaneously, and a source pressure chamber 7' for storing the air from a compressor is provided upstream of the pressure chambers 7. With this structure, for example, in response to a degree of gentle jump of the ship bottom, the pressure chambers 7 are connected to each other like an altitude line, which shows the height of a mountain, and the air is jetted simultaneously from one pressure chamber 7. The air is thereby fed frequently to the highest surface of the ship bottom to always store the air particles in the pot parts 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a high-speed ship laid with bubbles that can be propelled at an extremely high speed by separating water from the bottom of a ship by an air blocking film or bubbles to reduce contact resistance of water.

[0002]

[Prior art] Current vessels have the most ideal shape for the hull to go through the water, especially for carrier vessels, such as streamlined structure and bow structure that does not generate waves as much as possible when draining. Although there is a conventional technology that is already sufficiently mature at present in ship technology for draining water and promoting it, the current technology conversely determines the limit of ship speed and It is difficult to reduce the transportation time by increasing the speed and reducing the transportation cost by increasing the cargo volume.

[0003]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As a basic method at the present stage of the next-generation ultra-high-speed cargo ship (abbreviated as TSL) of the Ministry of Transport, two methods have already been proposed by seven major shipbuilding companies. It is called the hovercraft method, and while forming a large box-shaped space similar to the hovercraft in the center of the ship, contact the air and water surface like a box with the mouth opened, The air is sent into the space by a fan-shaped fan, and the force of the air pushed in is used to lift and advance the hull. The other is called hydrofoil system, in which a slant plate called hydrofoil is attached further downward than the hull, and the force of water cut on the slant plate when the speed comes out. It is intended to generate lift to propel the hull itself while lifting it from the water surface.

However, these two methods have fundamental problems. If the purpose of transportation is limited to "passengers", it can be realized by hover-craft method or hydrofoil method for transporting lightweight people, and if it is a small passenger carrier, it has already been operated at present. However, there is a serious and fundamental problem in the concept of limiting the object to a heavy cargo "cargo" and transporting a large amount like TSL. It is the basic point of the hull structure that both of these two systems lift and propel the ship. Of course, not only is the inefficiency of propelling heavy cargo called propulsion pointed out, but in the former case, there is a problem that air flows backward from the intake port of the fan when the load is applied, and in the latter case, Due to the inefficiency of lifting the whole, it is necessary to limit the amount of heavy cargo to a very small amount, and the limit for the purpose of transporting a large amount of cargo that is the purpose of TSL and faster than the current vessels However, there is a background that each company is developing each.

[0005]

Therefore, according to the present invention, basically, the air is evenly distributed to the bottom of the ship without making the hull itself inconstant such as floating by the force of air or the force of water. The conventional problem is solved by laying it down, and its structure will be described below with reference to the drawings. As a structure in which the bottom of the ship is substantially flat with respect to the flow, a large number of pot portions 1 are formed on the flat surface, and air is introduced into the pot portion 1, so that the air particles put in contact with the pot portion 1 at a minimum. As a structure for retaining the water in the pot portion 1 by the size of the area, the buoyancy of the air itself or the surface tension of the bubbles, the structure in which the ship bottom and water are separated by the air particles that have entered the many pot portions 1 is adopted. In addition, as the structure in which the ship bottom has an uneven surface with gentle undulations, and the size of the pot part 1 becomes smaller as the concave surface changes to the convex surface 3, the pot part 1
The structure that utilizes the swing of the vertical motion of the wave is used to capture the bubbles in the. Further, the passage 2 is communicated with the pot portion 1 so that the compressed air is sent from the passage 2 to the pot portion 1 so that the passage 2 is finally communicated with the compressor. Further, as the electric valve structure 5 in which the opening / closing operation is performed by the piezoelectric element 6 at the end portion of the passage 2 or on the way, the piezoelectric element 6 provided in the passage 2 at the bottom of the vessel is controlled by the control mechanism 10 to each individual pot portion 1 or each group. The structure for adjusting the opening and closing of the pot unit group 1 is such that the control mechanism 10 is instructed to make a judgment based on the information from the detection mechanism. In addition, the blade 9 is projected on the rotary shaft 11 in a method of blowing air to the bottom of the ship, and the rotation of the blade 9 generates a decompression force in the water.
A structure that uses a rotary blade type aeration device 8 that forms a jet hole portion 13 that communicates with an air passage 12 near the generation of the depressurizing force and that naturally sucks air from above the water surface by the depressurizing force in water. And

[Operation] The present invention is basically neither for lifting the hull by the force of air from a fan or for lifting the hull by the force of accelerated water. By spreading it, the contact between the hull and water can be reduced as much as possible, and even if the same propulsive force is applied, the system can be propelled at a higher speed due to the reduced contact with water. Although it existed in the initial plan, there was a history that the final method could not remain until the present stage for the following reason. However, the present inventor believes that this principle is the most efficient and well-featured ideal as a TSL propulsion principle. It is judged that the method is a method, and while improving the problems that were conventionally difficult to realize the principle with a new proposal, the inventor's company is completely different from shipbuilding in the most difficult problem that becomes the heart technology. Next-generation technology in the field We are developing a new type of screw-type aeration system called "aeration system", and we are commercializing this system, which boasts about twice the amount of air supplied as compared with the conventional system under the same conditions and this system. There is a background that it was judged that it can be diverted as technology. First, the main reason why this conventional method has not survived until now as a TSL propulsion method is that there is not a sufficient compression device for blowing air into the ship bottom. Because the device that blows air was to blow the air from the tip of the compressor and let it flow to the bottom of the ship, but applying the compressor itself to send air while compressing it was applied to the TSL laying device. It was impossible to do so. Because when gas is compressed and pushed out, air is continuously compressed while one end of the passage is being compressed, and unless the air is fully compressed, air is not ejected from the other end of the passage. There is a lot of inefficiency, and when the compression method is used for TSL, in addition to the bad output of air even at high output, even if the air that was jetted out is sent to the bottom of the ship, it will immediately flow backwards. For that reason, there was a reason why a large amount of air had to be sent with a larger compression device. As described above, the conventional air laying method is not adopted because the compression device that occupies the load of the hull becomes very large. Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, by providing the pot portion 1 on the flat bottom portion of the ship, the time for which the air stays is extended. This is because by letting air particles fit into the pot portion 1, the air does not easily flow away together with the flow, and the time of staying at the bottom of the ship becomes longer. By providing a device for stopping the air on the bottom of the ship,
Even with less air, or even with more speed, it makes it easy to separate the water from the bottom of the ship, and it is absolutely essential for TSL to devise a way to hold such air.
Another problem is that when air is sent to the ship's bottom, which is normally flat, the gas is crushed and a thin air barrier film is formed between it and water.In this case, the barrier film spreads. However, because it is too thin, the water sways and generates a slight wave, and the water sticks to the bottom of the ship in accordance with the sway of the wave, and the fluid resistance increases by that amount. It has been considered that the problem that the propelling speed drops is caused, and it is thought that the speed cannot be raised by the air laying method using the blocking film, but by forming the pot portion 1 of the present invention, On the contrary, when a wave is generated in the blocking film, the pot portion 1 has a function of trapping the air in the form of bubbles. In other words, when the water contacts the bottom of the ship due to the waves, the air of a size that allows the pot portion 1 to enter itself is captured, and it is just made into bubbles to catch the air on the bottom of the ship and make it stick to the barrier film. Even if occurs, the pot portion 1 continues to form air bubbles and capture air to keep the bottom of the ship shut off from the water. Further, at least the air bubbles in the air trapped not only make it difficult for the air bubbles to pop out due to the size of the contact area with the pot portion 1 at least, but also have the action of being pressed against the pot portion 1 by the buoyancy of the air itself. Further, due to the surface tension of the bubbles, the bubbles tend not to jump out of the flow and stay in the pot 1. Further, as in claim 2, from the beginning, by making the ship bottom have a slightly uneven rugged surface rather than a flat surface,
The size and location of the wave generated in the air blocking film are controlled and adjusted in advance, and the waves are made to have several undulations to weaken the size and swing of the wave. Even if the wave generated on the barrier film is controlled in advance by the uneven surface, the size of the pot portion 1 is made smaller from the concave surface to the convex surface 3, so that even the loose convex surface 3 where the barrier film is difficult to form is formed. By making the pot portion 1 smaller by that amount, the above-mentioned force for retaining the bubbles put in the pot portion 1 is further strengthened so that the bubbles are less likely to be peeled off by the flow. Also, when the bottom of the ship is a convex surface 3 that is loose with respect to the flow direction, when the bubbles pop out of the pot portion 1 due to the speed of the flow, the force of the bubbles pushing toward the bottom of the ship increases due to the bottom of the bottom of the ship protruding gently. The bubbles that popped out work even if they try to enter the smaller pot portion 1 immediately behind. Further, according to the description so far, for example, the size of the pot portion 1 is formed to be larger on the contrary from the concave surface to the convex surface 3, and the present invention is not limited to the strong air blocking effect. By the way, in claims 1 and 2 of the present invention, it is premised that there is a device for blowing air into the method for the pot portion 1 to capture the air, but the vertical movement of the wave generated in the blocking film described above. Not only the structure utilizing the sway of the device, but the bubbles may enter the pot part 1 at the stage where the bubbles blown from the device are not gathered into a blocking film, and the pot part 1 of the present invention may be used. In addition to the force shown in claim 1, the force acting to trap the air in the air is not only the adsorption force by electrolytic ions, the electrostatic force of the air itself or, in some cases, the one that attracts bubbles by magnetic force, or It may be in the shadow and stick to it while avoiding the flow, or by any method. Furthermore, the pot portion 1 is the size,
Any shape and pot depth may be used, and the arrangement of the different pots does not matter. Therefore, for example, an elongated rectangular shape may be used. According to the third aspect of the present invention, a large number of pot portions 1 formed on the bottom of the ship are communicated with a passage 2 narrower than the inside of the hull so that compressed air can be sent, and pressure chambers 7, 7 such as a pressure tank are provided in the passage 2. Finally, the structure is such that it is communicated with the compressor through a shaft. As a result, even if the conventional compression device or the suction type aeration device 8 according to claim 5 does not sufficiently supply the air from the bottom face portion of the bow, the air is filled in the pot portion 1 and the bottom of the boat is shut off from the water. To work. In addition, compressed air is supplied to the pot section 1 when the speed is not enough to get on the ship from the beginning of movement.
It may be used for the purpose of reducing the contact resistance with water by blowing it into the container, or in the structure in which only the pot portion 1 formed on the loose convex surface 3 is communicated with the passage 2 and the bubbles are filled with compressed air as in claim 2. good. Further, when the air from the passage 2 is opened and closed, the opening / closing operation is performed at the end of the passage 2 or on the way by the electric valve mechanism 5 such as the electromagnetic valve or the piezoelectric element 6 including the ultrasonic transducer as in claim 4. While having a structure, the electric valve mechanism 5 is a control mechanism 10 such as a computer.
By empirically analyzing the information from the various sensors as the detection means and issuing a command to open and close each individual pot part 1 or a group of pot parts 1 for each group, a smaller amount of air is generated. It can be used efficiently. By the way, although it is limited to the piezoelectric element 6 in claim 4, when the relatively thin air passage 2 is frequently used for a long time, the reliability and the simplicity of the piezoelectric element 6 are optimum.
Moreover, the light characteristics are optimum for forming the piezoelectric elements 6 individually or for each specific group of the innumerable pot portions 1 formed on the bottom of the ship in hundreds, thousands, and tens of thousands units. Further, according to claim 5, the method of injecting air into the ship bottom of the present invention is not based on the air compression method of compressing with a conventional compressor or the like, but conversely, by rotating the blade portion 9 such as a screw in water. By using the decompression force of the central vortex of the generated water flow and the decompression force generated on the back surface of the blade portion 9 as suction force, the blade portion 9 rotates by providing a pipe connected to the water surface in the vicinity of the generation of the decompression force. Then, the water level in the pipe is lowered by the suction force to suck out the water and serve as the air passage 12 to naturally suck the air from the surface of the water. According to this method, there is a difference of about 10 to 15 times the air supply amount compared with the same output motor of the conventional compression method, but if it is used for the air blowing method of the conventional TSL, it will be Hover-craft method,
Although it is possible to easily clear the basic problem such as the hydrofoil method that is not suitable for heavy object transportation, the aeration device 8 that can supply a large amount of air by the suction method is a recent technology that was not generally known at that time. Therefore, the present inventor proposes that the air is spread by using the screw type aerator 8 of the air suction type and installing the screw type aerator 8 in the ship bottom structure of claim 1. Moreover, the screw-type suction type aeration device 8 is called a next-generation system as an aeration technique, and is currently only manufactured by a US patented product in Japan and a domestic manufacturer-1 company. In Japan, there is an existing one that achieves an air supply capacity of 0.49 (cubic meter) per minute, which is 35% higher with the same output (0.75 kW) motor than the United States. The applicant is a company owned by the applicant, and the aeration device with the new principle of the suction method is about 0.83 per minute (cubic meter), which is 69.3% higher in performance ratio than the product made in Japan. There is a background that we have already manufactured to the final prototype level, but with simple calculation this 0.83 (cubic meter) is TSL
If air is laid on the bottom of the ship with a thickness of 8.3 mm, it will be spread over the bottom of a 10-meter square, and TSL will be expanded by increasing the size and installing more devices.
It is absolutely possible to use it as the air spreading principle. In the research of the aeration device 8 used for such a TSL, the present inventor has already proposed various methods in Japanese Patent Application No. 62-16634,
No. 62-111366, No. 2-254693, Heisei No. 2 and No. 254693, etc., and applied as a "blade surface jetting method", and a new air jetting method as a patent structure Heisei 2-417929 as a screen structure utilization method There is a background that many methods such as Japanese Patent Application No. 3-181918 have already been proposed and researched as a method of jetting back of the spin blade.

【Example】

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the entire ship bottom showing a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1A, 1B, C, and D show four proposed examples of respective element parts. Further, although this drawing is provided with the features of claim 1, claim 2, claim 3, claim 4, and claim 5, it is characterized in that the bottom of the ship is flat, and further the pot portion 1 is It is formed on part or all of the ship's bottom and acts to capture air.By covering this ship's bottom with an air barrier film, the only part of the water that sticks to the ship is the side surface. Can be made smaller. Moreover, since the bottom of the hull is an ultra-flat ship that is abnormally larger than the side, the larger the bottom, the smaller the area of water contact on the side. Even in ships with a large volume, contact with water can be reduced to 1/2, 1/3, and 1/4 of that of conventional vessels, and the effect of the air barrier film will be even greater and speed-up will be possible. . Further, the state of formation of the pot portion 1 is also large in the front, and the size of the pot becomes smaller toward the rear, so that air is made to stick to the rear as well. A method of not forming the pot portion 1 for a while or a method of forming the pot portions 1 having the same size tightly may be used. FIG. A is a sectional view of a pot portion provided on the bottom of the ship in the first embodiment. In the figure, three shapes of the pot portion 1 are illustrated, and the left pot portion 1 in the figure has a protrusion provided therein and has a depth smaller than the width of the pot. Further, the pot portion 1 may be provided in the pot portion 1. The pot portion 1 at the center of the figure is a deeper recess on the back side with respect to the flow, and the pot portion 1 on the left side of the figure is a deeper depression on the front side with respect to the flow. In addition, the pot portion 1 may have a hemispherical shape or a shape in which one side of an ellipse is just killed. FIG. 6B is a sectional perspective view of the pot portion provided in the first embodiment. The structure of claim 2 is characterized in that the size of the pot portion (1) becomes smaller as it goes to the uneven surface of the ship bottom that is gently undulated. Although there are few opportunities to catch it, the area of the pot part 1 is reduced to increase the adhesion of surface tension relatively to make it difficult for air to be taken. By increasing the sticking of air, air particles can be caught even at a small opportunity. It is a thing. Therefore, the more the undulations are projected, the smaller the area of the pot portion 1 is made. By the way, when the pot portion 1 is formed closely on the bottom of the ship as shown in the figure, the area of the edge connecting the pots to each other can be reduced as much as possible with the fish scale pot portion 1 as shown in the upper left of FIG. Further, the present invention may be a method in which the pot parts 1 of various shapes are formed by denting one plate, and the fish parts are scaled or tile-shaped and attached one by one to the bottom of the ship. The total area of the edges between 1 can be reduced. FIG. C is a sectional view of a structure for forcibly sending air to the pot portion of the first embodiment. With the features of claims 3 and 4, first, a hole for sending air from the passage 2 to the pot portion 1 is formed by being displaced from the center of the semicircle in the left pot portion 1 in the drawing. , The air that has been sent is made to rotate just inside the pot part 1, and by making the air particles blow out as much as possible, by giving a flow in the air particles. Air bubbles are strongly attached to the wall surface of the pot portion 1 so that they stay in the pot for a long time. Alternatively, a hole may be formed at the center of the semicircle as the second from the left. Further, in the drawing, a pressure chamber 7 is provided so that a plurality of air feeds to the pot portion 1 can be collectively adjusted at the same time, and the air from the compressor is collected together in the source flow of the pressure chamber 7. It has an original pressure chamber of 7 ". As a result, for example, as shown in Fig. B, depending on the degree to which the bottom of the ship gently protrudes, they are connected to each other along the height line indicating the height of the mountains so that air is ejected from one pressure chamber 7 at the same time. Air can be constantly sent to the most protruding surface to constantly store air particles in the pot portion 1. The opening and closing of the air passage 2 is performed by expanding and contracting the piezoelectric element 6 as in claim 4, and the structure for opening and closing may be any as long as the piezoelectric element 6 of claim 4 is used. . FIG. D is a mounting view of a suction type aeration device for sending air to the ship bottom of the first embodiment of the present invention. The aeration device 8 having the features of claim 5 is attached to the bottom of the tip, and the decompression force generated by the rotation of the blades 9 can be used to naturally suck the air. Even with the same output, it is absolutely indispensable for the principle of high-speed propulsion that spreads a large amount of air such as TSL because it spreads a marked amount of air on the bottom of the ship. However, any number of units can be installed, and the structure of the hull has changed from the conventional streamline type that cuts water to a square flat hull that spreads water. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. D, the air blown out from the aeration device may be rolled on the gentle slope by the propulsive force of the ship by making the bottom of the ship loose so that the air bubbles are made to stick to the pot portion 1. By the way, the present invention does not rely on a compressor such as a compressor or a blower in the method of blowing air into the ship bottom, and is not a screw type aeration device as claimed in claim 5, for example, discharge water flowing in the pipe of a centrifugal pump. An underwater ejector-type aerator that sucks air through an air intake passage that intersects the pipe in a T shape by using the force of the above may be used as a means for feeding air into the structure of claim 1.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is a high-speed ship that can be propelled at an ultra-high speed by separating the water and the bottom of the ship from each other by laying an air blocking film or air bubbles to reduce the contact resistance of the water. Once air is blown into the bottom of the ship, the air will stick to the bottom due to buoyancy, and even if a large amount of luggage is put on the ship itself, the air will continue to shut off water at the bottom of the ship, hover-craft method, hydrofoil method mentioned above. It does not have a structural contradiction like. In addition, this method requires a pot portion to retain air at the bottom of the ship for a long time. Furthermore, even if a wave is generated in the flat bottom blocking film while forming an air blocking film by the pot. The pot part takes in as air particles and always works by air to isolate the bottom of the ship from water. Further, as in claim 3, the compressed air may be directly sent from the passageway to the pot portion so that it may be used together from the stop until the speed comes out, or only the pot portion where the bottom of FIG. It may be one that supplies compressed air. Further, when the air from the passage is saved by the opening / closing mechanism, the opening / closing operation may be judged by a computer or the like, and the opening / closing operation may be performed by a piezoelectric element. Further, the aeration device according to claim 5 is indispensable for a ship that needs a large amount of air for propulsion, such as the main ship, and a flat ship equipped with a pot section alone cannot provide TSL.
However, the air suction type aerator, which is an air blowing technology, has the best compatibility.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the entire ship bottom showing a first embodiment of the present invention and FIGS. A, B, C, and D show four proposed examples of respective element parts. A, B, C, D-Proposed drawing, 1-pot part, 2-passage, 3-convex surface, 4-side plate, 5-electric valve mechanism, 6-piezoelectric element, 7, 7-pressure chamber, 8- Aeration device, 9-blade part, 10-control mechanism, 11-rotating shaft,

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A structure in which a ship bottom is substantially flat with respect to a flow, and a large number of pot portions are formed on the flat surface so that air can be introduced into the pot portions. The structure is such that the size of the contact area of the pot part or the buoyancy of the air itself or the surface tension of the bubbles holds it in the pot part, and the air bottoms and the water are separated by the air particles that have entered the many pot parts. The structure of a high-speed ship that is laid with bubbles. 2. A structure in which the ship bottom has an uneven surface with gentle undulations, and the size of the pot portion becomes smaller as it goes from the concave surface to the convex surface. The structure of a high-speed ship in which bubbles are laid according to claim 1, wherein the structure utilizes vibration of motion. 3. A structure in which a passage is communicated with the pot portion and compressed air is sent from the passage to the pot portion, and the passage is finally communicated with a compressor. A structure of a high-speed ship in which bubbles described in paragraphs 1 and 2 are laid. 4. An electric valve structure in which opening and closing operations are performed by a piezoelectric element at an end of the passage or on the way of the passage, and the piezoelectric elements provided in the passage at the bottom of the ship are controlled by a control mechanism so that individual pots or pots for each group are formed. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the control mechanism is configured to open and close, and to be instructed based on the information from the detection mechanism. Structure of high speed ship. 5. A method in which air is blown into the bottom of the ship, a blade portion is provided so as to project on a rotary shaft, a decompression force is generated in water by the rotation of the blade portion, and the decompression force is communicated with the air passage near the generation of the decompression force. Claims 1 and 2 having a structure in which an aeration device of a blade portion rotating type is formed in which a jetting hole is formed to naturally suck air from the water surface by the depressurizing force in water. Alternatively, the structure of the high-speed ship in which the bubbles described in the first, second, third and fourth paragraphs are laid.