JPH0685302A - Solar cell panel array - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a lightweight solar cell panel array of roof-installation type which facilitates the installation work and requires a less installation cost. CONSTITUTION:A fixing frame 101 can be directly anchored on projections 100 on a roof, and receives and holds the ends of solar cell panels 104; a solar cell panel 104 having no frame 101 is held between a plurality of the fixing frames 101.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure of a solar cell panel array fixed to a roof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, it is predicted that the greenhouse effect due to an increase in CO ₂ will cause global warming, and the demand for clean energy is increasing more and more. Further, nuclear power generation that does not emit CO ₂ has not solved the problem of radioactive waste treatment, and safer and cleaner energy is desired.

Among the clean energies expected in the future, solar cells are especially expected to be clean, safe and easy to handle.

Among various solar cells, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, compound semiconductors such as copper indium selenide, and thin film crystalline silicon have been eagerly studied.

Among the solar cells, monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon wafer solar cell modules are susceptible to shocks, so a thick glass plate is used with EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) as an adhesive and filler to protect the surface. However, it is held by a frame made of aluminum or the like. The surface of the amorphous silicon solar cell formed on the glass substrate is protected by a thick glass plate like the crystalline silicon module. Conventionally, such a solar cell module has a weight of 13 to 15 kg per square meter, and when installed on a roof, it is not easy to handle due to its heavy weight, and in addition, a heavy mount is required. It was necessary to install the solar cell module on top of the roof. Therefore, the installation time, the installation cost, and the gantry cost are required.

Further, among solar cells, a metal substrate such as stainless steel may be used as the substrate material because it is excellent in weather resistance, impact resistance, and flexibility. A solar cell module using a metal substrate has the advantage that it is resistant to impacts and the weight per unit area and generated power is extremely light, but conventionally, like the crystalline module, the end face is held by an aluminum frame. However, the method of installing on a pedestal was taken, and the original lightweight of the module of the metal substrate was not utilized.

Therefore, there has been a strong demand for the development of a panel array for a roof-mounted solar cell module which is lightweight, has good workability for installation, and is inexpensive to install.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provides a roof-mounted solar cell array which is lightweight, has good workability in installation, and is inexpensive to install. To aim.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a solar cell panel is mounted and held on a fixed frame which can be fixed to a protrusion of a roof and to which an end portion of the solar cell panel can be mounted. The solar cell panel array is characterized by being installed in.

[0010]

According to the present invention, a lightweight solar cell panel array is constructed by constructing a solar cell panel array that can be installed by utilizing the protrusions of the member forming the roof and at the same time can fix a plurality of solar cell panels. It can be manufactured, and installation work of the solar cell panel on the roof becomes easy.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a solar cell panel array of the present invention, (a) is a sectional view, and (b) and (c) are perspective views. In FIG. 4, 400 is a roof protrusion, 40
Reference numeral 1 is a fixed frame on which a plurality of solar cell panels constituting the solar cell panel array of the present invention are mounted and which can be fixed to a protruding portion of a roof, and 402 is a solar cell panel. The installation strength of the roof protrusion 400 is sufficiently high when it is a part of the roof material that constitutes the roof or a member for fixing the roof material.

The roof on which the solar cell panel array of the present invention is installed is preferably a roof having protrusions, particularly a strong metal roof. The types of metal roofs include folded plates, roof tiles,
Corrugated sheets, seam welding, etc. are suitable. Further, as the folding plate, a goose tightening, a bolt tightening, a fitting type or the like is suitable. FIG. 9 shows a typical roof shape. In FIG. 9, (a) is a folded plate goose tightening type,
(B) is a folded plate bolt tightening type, (c) is a seam welding type, and (d) is a roof bar type roof.

According to the present invention, a solar having a structure in which a solar cell panel is mounted on a fixed frame having a shape capable of being fixed to a protrusion of a member forming the roof, for example, a goose-fastened goby portion or a bolt-fastened bolt portion. It is a battery panel array.

The various roof shapes of FIG. 9 to which the present invention is applied are shown in FIGS. 5 (a), 5 (b), 5 (c), and 5 (c), respectively.
It is (d). In FIG. 5, 500, 501, 50
2 and 503 are roofing materials, 504, 505, 506,
Reference numerals 507 and 507 denote fixed frames for fixing to the protrusions of the roof material, which is a main component of the present invention, and 508 denotes a solar cell panel.

(Fixed Frame) In the present invention, a fixed frame which can be fixed to a protrusion of a roof and on which an end of a solar cell panel can be mounted is used.

In this fixed frame, for example, a space having substantially the same shape as the roof projection that opens downward is formed, and the fixed frame is fixed to the roof by fitting the roof projection into this space. be able to.

Further, this fixed frame may be an integral member or a separate member. That is, the portion fixed to the protruding portion of the roof and the portion to which the end portion of the solar cell panel is attached may be integrally formed or separated.

In the case of an integral body, a groove may be formed on the side surface of the fixed frame so that the end of the solar cell panel can be inserted into the groove.

In the case of a separate body, it may be combined with a pressing member (lid-like member) separately from the portion for fixing to the roof (see FIGS. 2 and 3). In this case, replacement of the solar cell panel becomes easy.

As the material of the fixed frame, aluminum, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, iron, plated steel material, glass fiber reinforced plastic, carbon fiber or the like is used.

It should be noted that it is preferable to coat the rusty portion with a paint or the like.

(Mounting of Solar Cell Panel to Fixed Frame) The method of fixing the main constituent parts of the present invention to the roof member of the fixed frame and the method of mounting the solar cell panel to the fixed frame are as follows. If formed, it may be performed by inserting the end of the solar cell panel into the groove. Alternatively, a screw or the like may be used.

If the fixing frame is a separate body, that is, if it can be separated into a portion for fixing to the roof and a pressing member (lid-like member), the end of the solar cell panel is placed on the upper surface of the fixing portion. It may be mounted mechanically by mounting the part and tightening the lid-like part with a screw and a gasket from the top (Fig. 2,
(See FIG. 3). In any case, it is preferable to use an adhesive or sealant together.

(Shape and Installation Angle of Solar Cell Panel) The solar cell used in the present invention has a shape along the roof shape,
It may have a flat shape. When a solar cell panel having a shape that matches the roof shape is used, the area of the solar cell panel per unit area of the roof can be increased, which has the advantage of increasing power generation efficiency.

Regarding the installation angle, it may be installed parallel to the roof or at an appropriate angle so that the power generation efficiency of the solar cell is maximized. The advantage of the parallel installation on the former roof is that the installation work is easier and the amount of materials required for installation is smaller than when the latter is installed at an angle. .

FIGS. 6A and 6B show an example of installation form of a solar cell array, in which FIG. 6A shows flat solar cell panels installed in parallel to the roof, and FIG. 6B shows solar cell panels conforming to the roof shape. Is installed parallel to the roof, and (c) is a flat solar cell panel installed at an angle to the roof. In FIG. 6, 601, 602, and 603 are fixing frames for fixing the solar cell panel and fixing to the protrusions of the roof material, and 604, 605, and 606 are solar cell panels.

(Procedure for Installation on Roof) The procedure for installing the solar cell of the present invention on the roof is such that a plurality of surface-coated solar cell panels are previously attached to a fixed frame constituting the solar cell panel array of the present invention. After that, the fixed frame may be fixed to the protruding portion of the roof member, or a plurality of solar cell panel arrays having surface coating may be mounted after fixing the fixed frame to the protruding portion of the roof member.

(Electrical connection between solar cell panels)
The perspective view of FIG. 7 shows an example of a method of electrically connecting the panels of the solar cell panel and performing series-parallel connection. (A) is an example in which the solar cell panel is electrically connected on the back side of the panel using a waterproof connector or the like, and (b) is an example in which the electrical connection is made on the surface of the solar cell panel. In FIG.
701 is a fixed frame for fixing the solar cell panels, 702 is a member made of rubber or metal for connecting the solar cell panels, 703 and 705 are waterproof connectors, 704 is an output terminal and a connector Is connected to the cable, 706 is a solar cell panel, and 707 is the sun. A member for connecting the panels of 702 is not always necessary, but by providing it, the end portion of the solar cell panel can be protected. It is also possible not to use 702, and it is also possible to overlap only the ends of the solar cell panel.

For electrical connection between panels, there is a simple method in which the wiring material of the current terminal cable is crimped and then the wiring material is covered with a self-fusing butyl rubber or silicon rubber material that has both insulation and waterproofing. .

(Solar Cell Panel) The thickness of the end portion of the solar cell panel is preferably 5 mm or less, more preferably 4 mm or less in order to reduce the weight of the fixed frame and reduce the load on the roof. A thick solar cell panel means a heavy weight, and therefore, a fixed frame and a roof having a thickness and width sufficient to bear the load of the solar cell panel are required. Further, the fixing frame of the solar cell array of the present invention is not suitable for a solar cell panel using a glass plate or the like that is easily broken to the end portion in order to mechanically fix the solar cell panel.

Therefore, as the solar cell panel used in the present invention, a conductive substrate having excellent mechanical strength,
A solar cell in which a thin film semiconductor layer is formed as a photoelectric conversion member is preferable, and one having a back reinforcing plate as a reinforcing material is more preferable. Further, at least the surface layer on the light incident side is covered with a weather-resistant translucent material. FIG. 8A shows an example of a schematic sectional view of a solar cell panel used in the solar cell panel array of the present invention. The solar cell panel is composed of at least one photovoltaic element. In FIG. 8 (a), reference numeral 800 is an insulating-treated back reinforcing plate, 801 is a solar cell formed by connecting one or more photovoltaic elements in series or in parallel, and 802 is a surface for protecting the surface. It is a covering material.

The surface protective layer 802 is required to have translucency and stable weatherability against ultraviolet rays and ozone, and has a double structure of a fluororesin film / ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (light incidence). Examples of the side include a fluororesin film), silicone resin, and fluororesin paint.

A film or plate is used as the reinforcing material 800 on the back surface of the solar cell panel, and the material is an insulated metal such as painted zinc steel plate, carbon fiber, glass fiber reinforced plastic, or ceramic. , Glass and so on.

(Photovoltaic Element) The solar cell panel used in the solar cell panel array of the present invention comprises at least one photovoltaic element, and is shown in the schematic sectional view of FIG. 8 (b) as an example. It is configured. In FIG. 8B, 803 is a conductive substrate, 804 is a back reflection layer, and 805.
Is a semiconductor layer as a photoelectric conversion member, 806 is a transparent conductive layer, and 807 is a collector electrode. The back reflection layer of 804 is 8
It is also possible to use the conductive substrate No. 03. Examples of the conductive substrate 803 include resin films such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, carbon sheets, galvanized steel sheets, conductive film-formed polyimide, polyester, polyethylene naphthalide, and epoxy, and ceramics.

A compound semiconductor such as amorphous silicon, crystalline silicon, or copper indium selenide is suitable for the thin film semiconductor layer 805.

In the case of amorphous silicon, it is formed by plasma CVD of silane gas, in the case of polycrystalline silicon it is formed by sheeting of molten silicon or by heat treatment of amorphous silicon, and in the case of CuInSe ₂ / Cds, an electron beam It is formed by a method such as vapor deposition, sputtering, and electrodeposition (deposition by electrolysis of an electrolytic solution). As the structure of the semiconductor layer, a pin junction, a pn junction, or a shut key type junction is used. The semiconductor layer has a structure sandwiched at least between the back electrode layer 804 and the transparent conductive layer 806.

As the back electrode layer 804, a metal layer or a metal oxide, or a composite layer of a metal layer and a metal oxide layer is used. As the material of the metal layer, Ti, Cr,
Mo, W, Al, Ag, Ni, etc. are used, and ZnO, TiO ₂ , SnO _2, etc. are adopted as the metal oxide layer. Methods for forming the metal layer and the metal oxide layer include resistance heating vapor deposition, electron beam vapor deposition, and sputtering.

The material used for the transparent conductive layer 806 is I
n ₂ O ₃ , SnO ₂ , In ₂ O ₂ -SnO ₂ (IT
_{O), ZnO, TiO 2,} Cd 2 SnO 4, include a high concentration impurity doped crystalline semiconductor layer, forming method resistance heating vapor deposition as an electron-beam evaporation, sputtering, spraying, CVD, impurity diffusion, etc. There is.

Further, as the material of the grid-shaped collector electrode 807 for efficiently collecting the current generated by the photovoltaic power on the transparent conductive layer, Ti, C are used.
Conductive paste such as r, Mo, W, Al, Ag, Ni, Cu, Sn and silver paste is used. The grid electrode may be formed by sputtering using a mask pattern, resistance heating, CVD, or a method of depositing a metal layer on the entire surface and then etching and patterning it, or directly forming a grid electrode pattern by photo-CVD. The method of forming by plating after forming the negative pattern mask of the grid electrode pattern, the conductive paste is usually fine powdery silver, gold, copper, nickel, carbon etc. dispersed with a binder polymer is used. It Examples of the binder polymer include resins such as polyester, epoxy, acrylic, alkyd, polyvinyl acetate, rubber, urethane and phenol.

As the material of the bus bar for collecting and transporting the current collected by the grid electrode, tin, solder-coated copper, nickel or the like is used. The bus bar is connected to the grid electrode with a conductive adhesive or solder.

[0041]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail below based on examples. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

(Example 1) An example in which the present invention is applied to a roof of the analysis plate goose-fastened type will be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the solar cell panel array fixed to the roof of the analysis plate in the vicinity of the goby portion.

For the solar cell panel 104, a photovoltaic element was adhered to an insulated 0.27 mm thick zinc steel plate with an adhesive agent, and then EVA was used as an adhesive layer to form a fluororesin film. A frame-less solar cell panel having a thickness of 3 mm, which was produced by laminating on the incident side surface, was used.

The photovoltaic element was manufactured by the following procedure. Al / ZnO was formed as a back surface reflection layer on a stainless steel substrate having a thickness of 0.125 mm by a sputtering method, and an n-type a-Si layer was formed by a plasma CVD method. , I-type a-Si layer,
A semiconductor layer of a p-type microcrystalline Si layer is formed, and In ₂ O ₂ is formed as a transparent conductive layer by vapor-depositing In in an O ₂ atmosphere by a resistance heating method, and a silver paste is screen-printed to collect a collecting electrode. To form an amorphous silicon photovoltaic element.

After fixing a plurality of alumite-treated aluminum fixed frames 101 whose cross sections are processed into the shape of 101 of FIG. 1 in parallel with bolt screws 102 to the goby portion of the folded plate roof, the end portions of the solar cell panel 104 are fixed. The sealant 105 was injected into the cut groove of the fixed frame 101 into which the solar cell panel array was inserted, and both ends of a predetermined number of solar cell panels were inserted and fixed with screws 103 to install the solar cell array on the roof.

(Embodiment 2) The solar cell panel used in Embodiment 1 is made of an insulating coated iron material, and has a fixed frame 201 and a lid-like member 202 having a sectional structure shown in FIG. Installed in.

The installation procedure is as follows. First, fix the member 201 for attaching to the roof material to the goby portion at a plurality of positions with bolts and screws 203, and then
A gasket 205 was attached, both ends of the solar cell panel 206 were inserted into the gaskets, the solar cell panel was held down by a lid-like member 202, and fixed with bolts 204 to install the solar cell panel array.

Example 3 A solar cell panel having a thickness of 2 mm was used, in which the surface coating of the solar cell panel used in Example 1 was coated with two layers of a transparent ceramic paint and a fluororesin paint. An insulation-treated galvanized steel frame having a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 3 was used for fixing the solar cell panel and fixing it to the roof of the roof tile. The installation procedure of the solar cell panel array was as follows.

First, the member 30 for fixing to the roof of the tile roof.
After fixing 1 with 303 bolts and screws, place both ends of the solar cell panel on the member of 301, and put the gasket 30
5 was fitted, and the member 302 for pressing the solar cell panel was covered and fixed with bolts and screws.

According to the first to second and third embodiments of the present invention, the fixing of the solar cell panel and the fixing to the roofing material are performed by using the fixing frame having a shape adapted to the protruding portion of the roofing material. It can be easily done with. Further, when the structure of fixing the solar cell panel by mechanically sandwiching the ends of the solar cell panel as in Examples 2 and 3 is adopted, it is necessary to repair or replace the defective solar cell panel. Maintenance such as removing it becomes very easy.

[0051]

According to the present invention, it is possible to fabricate a solar cell panel array in which a solar cell panel without a frame can be installed on a protruding portion of a roof by a simple operation with a small amount of a lightweight member. As a result, it is possible to easily install the solar cell panel array on the existing roof without newly processing the roof, reduce the weight of the pedestal, and reduce the pedestal cost and the installation cost of the solar cell array.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell panel array installed on a protrusion of a roof according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell panel array installed on a protruding portion of a roof according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell panel array installed on a protruding portion of a roof according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a conceptual configuration diagram for explaining a solar cell panel array of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view when the solar cell panel array of the present invention is installed on various roofs.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an installation form of various solar cell panels of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a method of electrical connection between solar cell panels of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell panel used in the solar cell panel array of the present invention and a photovoltaic element constituting the solar cell.

FIG. 9 shows a typical roof shape.
(A) is a folded plate goose tightening type, (b) is a folded plate bolt tightening type, (c) is a seam welding type, and (d) is a roof bar type roof.

[Explanation of symbols]

100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 501, 5
02,503,600 Roof protrusions, 101,201,202,301,302,401,5
04, 505, 506, 507, 601, 602, 60
3 fixed frame, 104, 206, 306, 402, 508, 604, 6
05, 606, 706 solar cell panel, 105 sealant, 202, 302 lid-shaped member (holding member), 703, 705 waterproof connector, 704 cable, 800 back reinforcing plate, 801 photovoltaic element, 802 surface coating material, 803 Conductive substrate, 804 Back surface reflection layer, 805 Semiconductor layer, 806 Transparent conductive layer, 807 Current collecting electrode.

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A structure that can be fixed to a protrusion on a roof, and
A solar cell panel array in which a solar cell panel is mounted and held on a fixed frame to which an end of the solar cell panel can be mounted. 2. The solar cell panel array according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion of the roof is a part of the roof material or a means for fixing the roof material. 3. The solar cell panel array according to claim 1, wherein the frame has a space that opens downward. 4. The space has a shape substantially the same as the roof protrusion, and the fixing frame is fixed to the roof by fitting the roof protrusion into the space. The solar cell panel array according to claim 3. 5. The solar cell panel array according to claim 3, wherein a protrusion of the roof is put in the space, and the protrusion is fastened from the side with bolts or the like to fix the fixing frame to the roof. . 6. A cutout groove is formed on a side surface of the frame, and the solar cell panel is attached to the frame by fitting an end portion of the solar panel into the cutout groove. The solar cell panel array according to claim 1. 7. The solar cell panel is mounted on the fixed frame by placing the end portion of the solar cell panel on the fixed frame and tightening it from above with a pressing member. Solar panel array. 8. The solar cell panel array according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell panel is mounted so as to be inclined by varying the heights of the fixed frames.