JPH0684167U - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] An object of the present invention is to provide a novel heat exchanger that is small in size, capable of simultaneously exchanging heat with a plurality of components, and does not require an expansion joint. According to the present invention, tube plates 2 and 3 are provided at both end openings of an outer shell 1 through which a primary fluid A flows, and a primary fluid inlet 4 is provided at a central portion of the tube sheet 2 and a primary fluid is provided at an outer edge side thereof. The outlet 5 is formed, and on the other hand, in the outer shell 1, both ends are supported by the tube plates 2 and 3, respectively, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 7 are spirally and concentrically formed to allow a plurality of secondary fluids B to flow. And a plurality of partition cylinders 8 for partitioning the heat transfer tubes 7 in the outer shell 1 into the inside and the outside of the tube sheet 2 and 3 to flow the primary fluid A while detouring from the center toward the outer periphery. Is characterized in that they are alternately provided coaxially.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a heat exchanger used in a petrochemical plant or the nuclear industry.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, various types of heat exchangers have been proposed for heat exchangers used in petrochemical plants and the nuclear industry. For example, in a U-tube type multi-tubular cylindrical heat exchanger as shown in FIG. 3, a tube plate b is provided in an opening of an outer shell a whose ends are closed, and the tube plate b is placed inside the outer shell a. While supporting a plurality of U tubes f facing each other, a header e in which an inlet chamber c and an outlet chamber d are defined and formed is attached to the other side of the tube sheet b. Then, as shown in the drawing, when the primary fluid A is allowed to flow in the outer shell a and at the same time the secondary fluid B is allowed to flow from the inlet chamber c, heat is exchanged when the secondary fluid B passes through the respective U tubes f, and then the outlet It is designed to be discharged through the chamber d. Further, in the fixed tube plate type heat exchanger as shown in FIG. 3, tube plates h and i are provided at both end openings of the outer shell g through which the primary fluid A flows, and the other of the tube plates h and i is provided respectively. An inlet header j and an outlet header k for the secondary fluid B are provided, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 1 are bridged over the tube plates h and i. As shown in the figure, the primary fluid is placed inside the outer shell g. When the secondary fluid B is flown from the inlet header j at the same time as the flow of A, the secondary fluid B is heat-exchanged when passing through each heat transfer tube l, and then discharged through the outlet header k.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 In the heat exchanger described above, a plurality of U tubes f or heat transfer tubes 1 are used, but the secondary fluid B joins the inlet header j and the outlet header k or the inlet chamber c and the outlet chamber d. Therefore, only the one-component secondary fluid B can exchange heat with the primary fluid A. Further, since the U tube f or the heat transfer tube 1 is substantially linear, the length of the outer case a also becomes long and the entire apparatus is large. Further, when the temperature of the primary fluid A is high and the temperature difference between the secondary fluid B and the outside air temperature is large, a large thermal stress is applied to the outer case g or the heat transfer tube l, so that the expansion joints are joined to these joints. (Expansion) had to be provided, and the manufacturing cost was high.

Therefore, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve this problem, and its purpose is to be small in size and capable of simultaneously exchanging heat of a plurality of components, and at the same time, to an expansion joint. The present invention provides a new heat exchanger that does not require.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tube plate at each opening of the outer shell through which the primary fluid flows, a primary fluid inlet at the center of the tube sheet, and a primary fluid outlet at the outer edge side. On the other hand, both ends of the outer shell are respectively supported by the tube sheet, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes are provided spirally and concentrically in order to allow a plurality of secondary fluids to flow in the outer shell. The heat transfer tubes in the outer shell are divided into inside and outside, and a plurality of partition cylinders are provided coaxially and alternately so as to flow the primary fluid while detouring from the center toward the outer circumference.

[0006]

[Action]

 According to the present invention, the primary fluid flows while detouring from the center of the outer shell toward the outer periphery, so that even if the temperature difference between the primary fluid and the outside air temperature is large, the temperature difference gradually increases. After becoming smaller, the primary fluid comes into contact with the outer shell. Therefore, no large thermal stress is applied to the outer case, and the expansion joint is unnecessary. Further, since each heat transfer tube is provided in a spiral shape in the outer shell, the size of the outer shell can be shortened with respect to the length of each heat transfer tube. Furthermore, since both ends of each heat transfer tube are not assembled, a plurality of secondary fluids can be simultaneously flowed to perform heat exchange.

[0007]

【Example】

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, in this heat exchanger, a first tube sheet 2 and a second tube sheet 3 are provided at both end openings of a cylindrical outer cylinder 1, and the outer cylinder 1 is partitioned and formed. There is. In addition, a primary fluid inlet 4 is formed in the central portion of the first tube sheet 2 so that the primary fluid A before heat exchange is introduced into the outer cylinder 1 through the pipe 4a. Further, a primary fluid outlet 5 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the first tube sheet 2, and the primary fluid A after heat exchange in the outer cylinder 1 is discharged to the outside through the pipe 5a. ing.

Further, a column 6 is located at the center of the inner axis of the outer cylinder 1, and a spirally formed first heat transfer tube 7a is provided around the column 6. The first heat transfer tube 7a is connected to the first secondary fluid B.₁Is circulated, and both ends thereof are supported so as to penetrate the first tube sheet 2 and the second tube sheet 3. Around the first heat transfer tube 7a, a spirally formed second heat transfer tube 7b, a third heat transfer tube 7c, and a fourth heat transfer tube 7d are provided so as to concentrically overlap each other. There is. The second heat transfer pipe 7b, the third heat transfer pipe 7c, and the fourth heat transfer pipe 7d are respectively the second secondary fluid B. ₂ , The third secondary fluid B₃, The fourth secondary fluid B_FourAre circulated, and both ends thereof are supported so as to penetrate through the first tube sheet 2 and the second tube sheet 3, respectively, similarly to the first heat transfer tube 7a.

Further, the first tube sheet 2 is provided with a cylindrical first partition tube body 8 a extending in the length direction of the outer tube 1 between the first heat transfer tube 7 a and the second heat transfer tube 7 b. The first heat transfer tube 7a and the second heat transfer tube 7b are partitioned into the inside and the outside, and the primary fluid A is guided to the second tube sheet 3 side. Further, the second tube sheet 3 is provided with a second partition tube body 8b having a cylindrical shape similar to the first partition tube body 8a between the second heat transfer tube 7b and the third heat transfer tube 7c. The heat pipe 7b and the third heat transfer pipe 7c are partitioned into the inside and the outside, and the primary fluid A guided to the second tube sheet 3 side is folded back and guided to the first tube sheet 2 side. Further, on the outer peripheral side of the first tube sheet 2, a cylindrical third partition cylinder 8c is provided between the third heat transfer tube 7c and the fourth heat transfer tube 7d in the same manner as the first partition cylinder 8a. Therefore, the third heat transfer tube 7c and the fourth heat transfer tube 7d are partitioned into the inside and the outside, and the primary fluid A guided to the first tube sheet 2 side is folded back and guided to the second tube sheet 3 side again. Has become.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, the first heat transfer pipe 7a, the second heat transfer pipe 7b, the third heat transfer pipe 7c, and the fourth heat transfer pipe 7d are provided with secondary fluids B ₁ , B ₂ , B ₃ , and B, respectively. _{When the} primary fluid A is introduced into the outer cylinder 1 from the primary fluid inlet 4 through the pipe 4a at the same time as the flow of ₄ , the introduced primary fluid A is guided to the first partition cylinder 8a and the second tube sheet 3 Flow toward the side, and at this time, the first heat transfer tube 7a comes into contact with the first heat transfer tube 7a to exchange heat with the secondary fluid B ₁ flowing in the first heat transfer tube 7a. Next, the primary fluid A reaching the second tube sheet 3 side makes a U-turn here, and is guided to the second partition tube body 8b to flow to the first tube sheet 2 side. After contacting the heat tube 7b and exchanging heat with the secondary fluid B ₂ flowing in the second heat transfer tube 7b, a U-turn is made again on the first tube sheet 2 side, and this time it is guided to the third partition cylinder 8c. Then, it again flows to the second tube sheet 3 side, where it exchanges heat with the secondary fluid B ₃ flowing in the third heat transfer tube 7c while being in contact with the third heat transfer tube 7c. Finally, the primary fluid A makes a U-turn again in the second tube sheet 3 and flows along the inner wall of the outer shell 1 toward the first tube sheet 2 side, where it contacts the fourth heat transfer tube 7d and becomes (4) After exchanging heat with the secondary fluid B ₄ in the heat transfer tube 7d, it is discharged as it is from the primary fluid outlet 5 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the first tube sheet 2 through the pipe 5a to the outside. . The primary fluid A reaching the portion where the primary fluid outlet 5 is not formed further flows along the circumferential direction of the first tube sheet 2 in the direction of the primary fluid outlet 5 and is simultaneously discharged from here. .

That is, in this embodiment, a large number of partition cylinders 8a, 8b, 8c are provided in the outer case 1 so that the primary fluid A flows while diverting from the center side of the outer case 1 toward the outside. Even if the temperature difference between the primary fluid A and the outside air temperature or the secondary fluid B is large, the primary fluid A comes into contact with the outer case 1 after the temperature difference gradually decreases, and No large thermal stress is applied to the 1 side. Further, since each heat transfer tube 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d is provided in the outer shell 1 in a spiral shape, the length of each heat transfer tube 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d corresponds to that of the outer shell 1. The size can be shortened. Moreover, since both ends of each heat transfer tube 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are not assembled, a plurality of secondary fluids B₁, B₂, B₃, B_FourCan be simultaneously flowed to perform heat exchange. As a result, this secondary fluid B₁, B₂, B₃, B_FourIt is of course possible to use fluids having different components, but it is possible to obtain fluids having the same components but having different temperatures by flowing heat transfer tubes. For example, assuming that the primary fluid A is high-temperature high-pressure steam and the secondary fluid B is water at normal temperature, the secondary fluid B having the highest temperature in the heat transfer tube 7a.₁Can be obtained, and the temperature gradually decreases toward the outside of the secondary fluid B₂, B₃, B _Four Can be obtained.

In the present embodiment, an example of three partition cylinders and four heat transfer tubes has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number may be increased or decreased as necessary. Of course, it's okay. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, U-shaped tubes 9a, 9b, 9c are provided at the ends of the first heat transfer tube 7a, the second heat transfer tube 7b, the third heat transfer tube 7c, and the fourth heat transfer tube 7d, respectively. Then, these may be integrally connected to effectively heat-exchange one kind of secondary fluid B.

[0015]

[Effect of device]

 In summary, according to the present invention, the following excellent effects are exhibited.

By flowing the primary fluid while detouring from the center of the outer body toward the outer periphery, the temperature difference gradually decreases, and the primary fluid comes into contact with the outer body. Therefore, a large thermal stress is applied to the outer body. The expansion joint is unnecessary.

Since each heat transfer tube is provided in a spiral shape inside the outer shell, the size of the outer shell can be shortened with respect to the length of each heat transfer tube, and the heat exchanger can be downsized. it can.

Since a plurality of secondary fluids can be made to flow at the same time to perform heat exchange, fine heat exchange can be performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall sectional view showing a modified embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall cross-sectional view showing a conventional U-tube type multi-tubular cylindrical heat exchanger.

FIG. 4 is an overall sectional view showing a conventional fixed tube plate type heat exchanger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outer Body 2 First Tube Sheet 3 Second Tube Sheet 4 Primary Fluid Inlet 5 Primary Fluid Outlet 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d Heat Transfer Tube 8a, 8b, 8c Partition Tube A Primary Fluid B Secondary Fluid

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An opening at both ends of an outer shell through which a primary fluid flows,
A tube sheet is provided, a primary fluid inlet is formed in the center of the tube sheet, and a primary fluid outlet is formed on the outer edge side of the tube sheet. On the other hand, both ends are supported by the tube sheet in the outer shell. A plurality of heat transfer tubes are provided spirally and concentrically in order to circulate the secondary fluid, and in the tube plate, each heat transfer tube inside the outer shell is partitioned into inside and outside, and the primary fluid is directed from the center to the outer circumference. A heat exchanger characterized in that a plurality of partition cylinders for flowing while making a detour are alternately provided coaxially.