JPH0684159B2 - Propulsion device for seawater vessels - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a propulsion device for seawater vessels that uses an electromagnetic pump mechanism to propel a vessel.

"Prior Art" Conventionally, most of the propulsion devices for ships are mechanical propulsion devices, and there are other propulsion devices that use the discharge water of a normal pump. Next, the electric propulsion device is just a beginning, and as an example, rather than an electromagnetic pump that uses a direct current as a power source, rather than providing an electromagnetic coil, electrodes, etc. on the hull itself, seawater is used as a conductor, and magnetic field and There is a thing that the propulsion of the ship is performed by the electromagnetic force of. (For example, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 60-60409) “Problems to be solved by the invention” However, its propulsive force is small, its efficiency is low, and it is far from practical use. This requires an electrode structure made of expensive special corrosion-resistant metal because the electrodes are corroded and consumed because a direct current is passed through the seawater by a DC power source, and seawater is also electrolyzed to generate various gases. This makes it difficult to carry a large current such as causing a failure. Furthermore, since this is equipped with an electromagnetic force generation mechanism facing the outside of the hull, the magnetic flux distribution in seawater and the current distribution flowing in seawater are open and dispersed, and leakage of magnetic flux and current is prevented. This is because it becomes a large value, and as a result, it is difficult to collect the propulsive force as electromagnetic force in seawater, and a strong propulsive force cannot be obtained.

Further, an iron core having an excitation coil wound around the outer circumference of an open cylinder made of an electrical insulator capable of passing seawater inside is mounted, and a current flowing perpendicular to the magnetic flux generated in seawater is caused by the iron core. An electrode is provided on the inner wall of the open cylinder, and a direct current is applied to the exciting wire and the electrode to generate an electromagnetic force in the seawater in the open cylinder, which causes the seawater in the open cylinder to be fed in the longitudinal direction. A propulsion device for ships that propels ships is published in Japanese Patent Publication Sho 50-77.
Issue. However, in such a propulsion device, since direct current is used, electrolysis occurs due to sodium ions contained in seawater to generate gas, which results in difficulty in energizing large currents. Cause disability.

The object of the present invention is to achieve such technical problems.
(EN) It is intended to provide a propulsion device for seawater vessels, which can smoothly obtain propulsive force without causing electrolysis of seawater.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a propulsion device for seawater vessels which can obtain a strong propulsive force.

"Means for Solving the Problem" The present invention has an excitation core wound with an excitation coil attached to the outer circumference of an open cylinder with electrically insulating both ends capable of passing seawater. A propulsion device for seawater vessels, in which an electrode for flowing a current in a direction orthogonal to the magnetic flux generated in seawater along the cross section is provided inside the open cylinder, and the wire ring is excited, approximately 2 Hz Above, and at a frequency significantly lower than the commercial power source (for example, 30 Hz or less), AC currents of the same phase are further applied to the excitation coil and the electrodes, and mutual electromagnetic force causes a water feeding force generated in the axial direction in the cylinder. A propulsion device for seawater vessels using an electromagnetic pump, which is characterized in that the vessel is propelled by means of, and particularly preferably, the open cylinder is provided so as to penetrate the hull in the traveling direction of the hull.

In this case, again, as a system for arranging the unit composed of the wire wheel and the electrode, a parallel system in which a plurality of units are arranged side by side around the cylinder, or a series system in which the units are arranged in a skewer,
A stronger propulsive force can be obtained by exciting and energizing each phase voltage of the polyphase AC power supply.

[Operation] As is clear from FIG. 1, when the electromagnetic propulsion system is used in seawater, the inventor has paid attention to the following. That is, when a direct current is used, due to sodium ions contained in seawater, electrolysis occurs and gas is generated.
As a result, it becomes difficult to carry a large current such as causing various troubles.

On the other hand, when an alternating current is used, the generation of the gas is almost eliminated at least at 2 Hz or more, preferably around several Hz, and the above-mentioned drawback is solved.

On the other hand, in ships, an AC power supply is used with a storage battery, so the frequency can be set arbitrarily, but when using a frequency of around 50 Hz as in a commercial power supply, the magnetic flux generated by the exciter ring is applied between the electrodes. It becomes difficult to make it the same phase as the alternating current flowing through the seawater, and it becomes impossible to make the exciter wheel superconducting as well as generate a strong alternating magnetic field.

Therefore, the present invention uses a frequency much lower than the commercial frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, for example, 30 Hz or less, preferably around several Hz.

This makes it easy to make the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil in phase with the alternating current flowing through the seawater between the electrodes, and with the generation of a strong alternating magnetic field, the excitation coil can be made superconducting, which is necessary for ship propulsion. You can get a strong driving force.

Next, the limitation of gas generation caused by electrolysis will be described.

Generally, electrolysis is to insert an electrode into an electrolytic solution and to apply electricity to it.The polarity of the electrode is determined and a DC voltage is applied to cause electrolysis. Electric charges are exchanged with the ions, but the polarity of the electrodes is changed by making this alternating current, and the electrolysis is not generated or is greatly reduced.

That is, at the boundary between the electrode and the liquid, if the reaction rate of the electrode reaction is V ₁ , the reactants are A, B and C concentrations, and K ₀ is the rate definition, then V = K ₀ [A] ¹ [B] ⁿ [C] ^m l, ^m, n is the reaction _{order, K 0 = Aexp (-En /} RT).

That is, a chemical change takes place at each electrode within that time. That is, gas generation, electrode corrosion, and the like occur. Therefore, changing the polarity of the electrode with respect to this reaction rate has an effect on the chemical change that changes with respect to the electrode and its interface, and the faster the conversion of electrical polarity, the more the chemical change follows this. become unable. Therefore, about 2Hz
Needless to say, the above frequency and a frequency significantly lower than that of the commercial power source are preferable.

On the other hand, the reaction rate differs depending on the substance, and the measured values of one example are shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the reaction rate cannot follow the increase of the frequency, and the chemical change, that is, the amount of generated gas decreases with the increase of the frequency, resulting in a curve as shown in the figure.

What is important here is that electrolysis as a chemical change in the electrolytic solution that occurs on the electrode surface and its interface, and the electrolytic solution itself and conductivity are phenomena different from each other. Therefore, there is no contradiction between passing the current by suppressing the chemical change between the generation of gas, the consumption of the electrode due to corrosion, and the alternating current flowing in the electrolytic solution.

This fact makes it possible to energize an eddy current, etc., in which an alternating current is conducted without electrodes in an electrolytic solution, without causing a chemical action.

If it is repeated, the generation of gas is the chemical action that is consumed at the electrode and its interface due to the corrosion of the electrode, and the current flowing through the electrolytic solution is the current determined by the conductivity.

Due to the above-mentioned actions, it is possible to suppress the generation of gas due to electrolysis and the corrosion of the electrodes, which are factors that hinder the flow of large currents. As a result, a large amount of current can be applied, and various kinds of obstacles caused by leakage of magnetic flux and current can be prevented. Therefore, the large amount of electric power can be effectively converted into an electromagnetic force for liquid feeding, and the propulsion device Improves efficiency. Further, it is clear that the propulsive force can be doubled by concentrating the hydraulic power by the electromagnetic pumps arranged in series.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 shows the frequency characteristics of the electrodes during energization of seawater, Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic pump mechanism, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and Fig. 3 is an electromagnetic force unit in parallel. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pump, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a propulsion device for seawater vessels using a series-parallel electromagnetic pump.

In FIG. 1, the horizontal axis (f) represents the number of conversions of the direction of the current per unit time, that is, the frequency, and the vertical axis represents the sum (g) of the gas amounts generated by the pair of electrodes per unit time. It can be seen that the amount (g) of gas generated from the electrode sharply decreases as the frequency gradually increases as compared with the case where the frequency is 0, that is, the direct current is used. The frequency in this case is about several Hz, which is the range where the influence of the frequency is most greatly affected.

This is a much lower frequency than the commercial frequency of 50 or 60 Hz, and is a preferable frequency for exciting the excitation coil.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 designates an electrically insulating cylinder having open end surfaces, on the outer circumference of which a magnetic pole 4 of an exciting iron core 3 wound with an exciting wire ring 2 is mounted so as to face each other. Therefore, the magnetic flux 5 from the exciting iron core 3 is generated through the seawater in the open cylinder 1.
On the other hand, a pair of electrodes 6 for passing an electric current in seawater are attached inside the open cylinder 1 so as to be orthogonal to the magnetic flux 5 in the cross section. Therefore, by applying a voltage to the pair of electrodes 6, a current 7 flows in the seawater perpendicularly to the magnetic flux 5. According to Fleming's law, seawater moves in the axial direction of the open cylinder due to an electromagnetic force to move the seawater to form an electromagnetic pump. In this case, the current for exciting the excitation coil 2 and the current flowing in the seawater by the electrode 6 are generated by a low AC frequency of about several Hz as shown in the frequency characteristic curve of FIG. Done. Reference numeral 9 is a capacitor that causes parallel resonance with the excitation coil 2, and it is important for efficiency to eliminate the phase difference between the magnetic flux 5 and the current 7.

FIG. 3 shows two pairs of the unit of the exciting iron core 1 and the electrode 6 shown in FIG.
Electric power is supplied by a phase alternating current power supply, and it is a parallel system.
Therefore, its water supply capacity is also doubled.

FIG. 4 shows a propulsion device for a ship that uses a series system in which the parallel units shown in FIG. 3 are arranged in a skewer shape on the open-ended cylinder 1 as a propulsion device for a ship. The seawater is sucked in from the bow and discharged in the stern direction. Become.

Furthermore, a strong magnetic flux can be generated by using a superconducting coil as the exciting coil and placing the capacitor connected in parallel and the power supply frequency in parallel resonance.

[Effect] As described above, according to the present invention, the excitation and the electrode current are supplied by the low-frequency multi-phase AC power supply whose frequency is substantially lower than that of the commercial power supply, that is, about 2 Hz to 30 Hz. It also limits the amount of corrosion of the electrode, eliminates the need for an electrode made of an expensive metal, and allows a large current to flow, resulting in a large propulsive force and improved efficiency. In addition, various obstacles caused by leakage of magnetic flux and current do not occur, and thrust can be doubled by concentration of thrust by an electromagnetic pump in series and parallel. It is needless to say that this is particularly suitable for a submersible, which is prohibited from generating gas.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a frequency characteristic of an electrode, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mechanism of an electromagnetic pump, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic view of a parallel type electromagnetic pump, (a) is a front view, (b)
Is a side view, and FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a propulsion device for seawater vessels equipped with a series-parallel electromagnetic pump. 1 ... Both ends open insulation cylinder, 2 ... Excitation coil, 3 ... Excitation core, 4 ... Magnetic pole, 5 ... Magnetic flux, 6 ... Electrode, 7 ... Current, 8 ... Hull, 9 ... Condenser

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-52-60409 (JP, A) JP-A-55-161075 (JP, A) JP-A-51-110704 (JP, A) JP-A-47- 18010 (JP, A) Japanese Patent Sho 50-77 (JP, B2)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An iron core having an exciting coil wound around the outer circumference of an open cylinder made of a material having an electrical insulation property, the both ends of which are open so that seawater can pass through the inside of the open core. In a propulsion device for seawater vessels, which comprises a pair of electrodes on the inner wall of the open cylinder, the electrodes forming a pair that allows a current that is orthogonal to the magnetic flux generated in the seawater in the open cylinder to be provided, the excitation coil and the electrode being significantly larger than a commercial power source. Very low
A means for energizing an alternating current having a frequency of 2 Hz or more and 30 Hz or less and having the same phase is provided, and the electromagnetic force generated by energizing the alternating current is used to propel the ship by the water feeding force generated in the axial direction in the open cylinder. A propulsion device for seawater vessels, which is configured as described above. 2. The propulsion device for seawater vessels according to claim 1, wherein the open cylinder is provided so as to pass through the inside of the hull along the traveling direction of the hull.