JPH0681678B2 - Press machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a bed and a ram, which are connected to each other via a pair of lever links and a pair of pull links, and a drive device for a pair of lever links and a pair of pull links. By reciprocally rotating the ram to raise and lower the ram, a rigid structure frame having a crown portion is not required, and the dynamic accuracy is high,
Moreover, the present invention relates to a press device having a structure that is strong against an eccentric load.

[Conventional technology]

Recently, demands for high processing accuracy and high productivity in press working have been increasing.

That is, a multi-stage die is often used for automation by a robot and progressive delivery, and in order to cope with this, a highly rigid press that is strong against eccentric load and has high dynamic accuracy is desired. However, at present, a press having a structure that satisfies all of these requirements is large and expensive.

Typical press frames include a C-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 15 and a gate-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 16, both of which are rigid structures. The C-shaped frame has a smaller pressurizing force and a lower processing accuracy than the gate-shaped frame, and therefore the gate-shaped frame is used for high pressing force and high-accuracy processing.

In any of the frames, when a pressing force and its reaction force are applied during processing, the bed portion 72 and the crown portion 74 are deformed as shown by a chain double-dashed line in the figure.

The upper die and the lower die of the mold are attached to the ram portion 76 and the bed portion 72, respectively, and the pressing force and its reaction force during processing act as a bending moment on the bed portion 72 and the ram portion 76. Then, these are deformed, and the mold attached to the bed 72 and the ram 76 is deformed by the deformation of the bed 72 and the ram 76. When the die is deformed, the machining accuracy is reduced and the life of the die is shortened.

Here, among the deformations of the frame of the press, the bending deformation particularly caused by the bending moment adversely affects the processing accuracy and the die life, and therefore the bending deformation must be minimized.

In order to reduce the bending deformation of the rigid structure frame, it is necessary to increase its rigidity. To increase the rigidity of the frame, the bed 72, crown 74,
It is necessary to increase the section modulus of the constituent members such as the ram portion 76. For this purpose, it is most effective to increase the height of each member.

If the height of the bed 72, crown 74 and ram 76 that make up the frame is increased, the overall height of the frame will be increased, and in the case of a large press, it is necessary to dig a pit and embed a part of the bed. As the press cannot be installed in the factory building and the total weight of the press increases, in addition to these problems, the large structure of the bed 72, crown 74, ram 76 and upright 78 is It becomes difficult to assemble with high accuracy and strength by maintaining the degree of verticality and verticality, which leads to an increase in cost.

Also, as shown in FIG. 17, the crown portion of the frame
If a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 80 are mounted on the 74, and the ram portion 76 is moved up and down by the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 80 to realize a multi-point hydraulic press resistant to eccentric load, the hydraulic cylinders 80 A tuning mechanism for tuning the operation of is required, and the tuning mechanism is complicated and expensive.

On the other hand, as a numbering press device having a structure in which a ram is raised and lowered by an air cylinder using a C-shaped press frame, one disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 51-112619 is known. In this press device, a lever 3 having a tip end engaged with a ram 5 is supported on a press body (press frame) 1 via a shaft 4, and the lever 3 is driven to move the shaft 4 by an air cylinder 2. The ram 5 is moved up and down by reciprocally rotating around the. In this press machine, the reaction force at the time of pressurization is applied to the shaft 4 to deform the C-shaped press body 1, and the lever 3 also needs to have a strength capable of withstanding the bending force.

Therefore, when the pressing force is small as in the case of numbering, it is difficult to adopt the above structure in a large-sized press device that generates a large pressing force, even if it can be implemented.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

The present invention abandons the general concept of the conventional pressing device using a rigid structure frame, connects the bed and the ram by a pair of lever links and a pair of pull links, and drives a pair of lever links and By constructing a structure in which the pair of pull links are reciprocally rotated to raise and lower the ram and the reaction force of the pressing force is received by the pair of pull links, the crown portion in the conventional pressing device is eliminated and the overall height is reduced, and It is an object to manufacture an energy-saving press device having high dynamic accuracy and strong against eccentric load at low cost.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to the present invention, a ram guide integrally provided on a bed guides a ram so that the ram can be moved up and down, a pair of pull links is arranged on both sides of the ram guide, and each lower end of the pair of pull links is a horizontal pull link. The ram guide or bed is supported via a bearing shaft, and a pair of lever links are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the ram, and each lever link is attached to the ram via a lever link bearing shaft parallel to the pull link bearing shaft. The upper ends are supported, and the upper ends of the pair of pull links and the pair of lever links are connected via a connecting shaft parallel to the pull link supporting shaft, and the lever link supporting shaft is centered by a driving device. The reciprocating motion of the pair of lever links, and the reciprocating rotation of the pair of pull links about the pull link bearing shaft through the pair of lever links. It is characterized in that it has configured to lift the.

[Operation of the invention]

When the pair of lever links are reciprocally rotated about the lever link support shaft by the drive device, the pair of pull links connected to the pair of lever links reciprocally rotate in synchronization with each other, and the pair of pull links are reciprocally rotated. The ram moves up and down by the reciprocating rotation of the pull links, and the press work is continuously performed while the reaction force of the applied pressure acts on the pair of pull links.

Further, the ram is pressed by the rotation of the pair of pull links, and since the pair of pull links are arranged on both sides of the ram guide, the shaft of the pull link support shaft supporting the pair of pull links. It is possible to realize a press device that is strong against eccentric load along the direction and has high dynamic accuracy.

Further, since the bed and the ram are connected by the hinge connection by the pair of lever links and the pair of pull links, the rigid press frame having the crown portion, which is indispensable in the conventional press device, becomes unnecessary. The overall height of the press machine can be lowered.

〔Example〕

1 to 7 show a pressing apparatus P _{1 according} to the first embodiment of the present invention.

A pair of ram guides 4 for guiding the lifting and lowering of the ram 2 are integrally provided on the bed 6. A pair of ram guides 4
Are provided facing each other at a predetermined interval along the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, the guide plates 8 are provided on the front surface and the rear surface of each ram guide 4, respectively.
Is attached via the fixing bolt 10 along the vertical direction,
The guide plate 8 projects inward by a predetermined length from the inner surface of the ram guide 4.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ram 2 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and is provided with groove portions 12 along the vertical direction at its four corners. A shaft insertion hole 14 for inserting a pull-link bearing shaft 16 described later is provided in the central portion of the ram 2 so as to penetrate in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, each guide plate 8 attached to the ram guide 4 is fitted into the groove portion 12 of the ram 2, and a ram guide 4 is provided between the pair of ram guides 4 facing each other. 2 is fitted and guided so that it can be moved up and down.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the pull link support shaft 16 is horizontally supported at the upper end portions of the pair of ram guides 4 that are integrally provided so as to face each other on the bed 6. A pair of pull links 18 are arranged on both sides of the ram guide 4, and the lower ends of the pair of pull links 18 are supported by the ram guide 4 via the pull link support shafts 16. A pair of lever links 20 are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the ram 2 protruding from the upper ends of the pair of ram guides 4, and a lever link bearing shaft 22 parallel to the pull link bearing shaft 16 is provided. Each lever link 20 is supported on the upper end of the ram 2. The pair of lever links 20 are integrally connected via a connecting body 24 so that they can rotate integrally.

The upper end of the pull link 18 and the lever link 20 are connected to each other via a first connecting shaft 26 that is parallel to the pull link support shaft 16.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, at the upper ends of the pair of ram guides 4 on the back side, support plates 28 are respectively projected rearward and fixed horizontally, and each support plate 28 is connected to a connecting plate 30. Are connected by. For this reason, since the upper ends of the pair of ram guides 4 are connected to each other via the connecting plate 30, it is possible to prevent the ram guides 4 from bending outward when the ram 2 is moved up and down.

Between each support plate 28 fixed to the upper end of the ram guide 4,
A cylinder device support shaft 34 for supporting the hydraulic drive cylinder device 32 is supported in parallel with the pull link support shaft 16. A drive cylinder device 32 is arranged between a pair of lever links 20, and a knuckle 38 attached to the tip of a rod 36 of the drive cylinder device 32 is the cylinder device support shaft.
Cylinder body 40
And each lever link 20 are connected via a second connecting shaft 42 that is parallel to the pull link support shaft 16.

Further, a mold mounting base 44 is fixed to the bed 6,
An upper die 46 and a lower die 48 of the die are attached to the lower surface of the ram 2 and the upper surface of the die mount 44, respectively.

Next, the operation of the press device P _{1 having} the above configuration will be described. 4 and 6 show the state in which the ram 2 is located at the rising end, and FIG. 7 shows the state in which the ram 2 is located at the falling end.

When the drive cylinder device 32 is actuated to move the rod 36 in and out, the pair of lever links 20 integrally reciprocally rotate about the lever link support shaft 22, and the lever link 20 reciprocally rotates. By a pair of pull links 18
Perform reciprocating rotation in synchronization with each other around the pull-link bearing shaft 16.

By this link mechanism, the ram 2 is guided by the ram guide 4 and is moved up and down by a predetermined stroke between the rising end position and the falling end position shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively.
The reaction force of the pressing force acts on the pair of pull links 18 to continuously press the mold between the upper mold 46 and the lower mold 48 of the mold.

Here, a pair of pull links 18 for raising and lowering the ram 2
Is driven by one drive cylinder device 32, the pair of pull links 18 reciprocally rotate in synchronization with each other. For this reason, the ram 2 is moved up and down while maintaining a high degree of parallelism with the bed 6, so that the dynamic accuracy of the press device is maintained high, and the accuracy of the press working is improved.

In addition, a pair of pull links 18 for raising and lowering the ram 2
Are arranged on both sides of the ram guide 4, so that the structure is strong against an eccentric load along the axial direction of the pair of pull link support shafts 16 and has high dynamic accuracy. Further, as in the present embodiment, at the lower end position of the ram 2, the pull link support shaft 16, the lever link support shaft 22, and the first connecting shaft 26.
When designed so that the respective shaft centers of and are located on substantially the same straight line, the mechanism of the connecting portion between the pull link 18 and the lever link 20 becomes a toggle mechanism, so that the driving force of the drive cylinder device 32 is The pressing force is significantly increased, and therefore, the capacity of the drive cylinder device 32 to be used is small, and there is an energy saving effect.

In the above embodiment, in order to avoid interference between the cylinder body 40 and peripheral members, the cylinder body 40 of the drive cylinder device 32 moves and the tip of the rod 36 does not move. It is also possible to design, and the drive cylinder device 32 is not limited to the hydraulic type,
It may be of an electric type.

Further, FIGS. 8 to 14 show a pressing apparatus P _{2 according} to the second embodiment of the present invention. The basic structure of the press device P ₂ is a pair of pull links 18 and a pair of lever links 20.
It is almost the same as the press device P ₁ described above in that the ram 2 is moved up and down by a link mechanism consisting of, but the press device P ₂ includes two drive cylinder devices 54 for operating the link mechanism. In addition to being used, the stroke of the ram 2 is increased, and these configurations are different from those of the pressing device P ₁ described above.

Therefore, the same parts (including substantially the same parts) as those of the pressing device P ₁ described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and only different parts will be described.

On the upper part of the bed 6, a pair of ram guides 4 are integrally provided facing each other at a predetermined interval along the horizontal direction,
As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, this ram guide 4
A pair of guide blocks 50 for guiding the raising and lowering of the ram 2 are integrally assembled with fixing bolts 52 at predetermined intervals on the upper part of the ram 2. It is arranged between and is guided by this to ascend and descend.

A drive cylinder device 54 is arranged on the back surface of each ram guide 4, and its lower end is supported by the bed 6 via a pin 56. Lever links 20 are arranged on both sides of the ram 2, and the pair of lever links 20 are supported on the upper end of the ram 2 by lever link bearing shafts 22.

In addition, pull links are provided on the sides of each ram guide 4.
18 are arranged, and the lower end of each pull link 18 is supported by the ram guide 4 via the pull link support shaft 16, and a pair of lever links 20 arranged on both sides of the ram 2 and the ram guide 4 are provided. The pair of lever liks 20 arranged on both sides are connected to each other via a first connecting shaft 26.

Also, the lever links 20 arranged on both sides of the ram 2 are
Knuckles are attached to the rods 58 of the drive cylinder device 54, respectively.
It is connected via 60 and pin 62.

13 and 14 show a state in which the ram 2 is located at the rising end and the descending end, respectively, and when each drive cylinder device 54 is operated to move the rod 58 in and out, A pair of lever links 20 reciprocally rotate around the lever link bearing shaft 22, and by the reciprocal rotation of the lever link 20, a pair of pull links 18 are pulled.
It makes reciprocating rotations in synchronization with each other around the center of 16. As a result, the ram 2 moves up and down with a constant stroke, and while the reaction force of the applied pressure acts on the pair of pull links 18, the press working is continuously performed between the upper die 46 and the lower die 48 of the die. Done.

The link mechanism of the press device P _{2 including} the pair of lever links 20 and the pair of pull links 18 is operated by the two drive cylinder devices 54, but the left and right lever links 20 and the pull links 18 are , They are connected by the common first connecting shaft 26 and are restrained from each other,
The operations of the left and right lever links 20 and the pull link 18 are synchronized with each other.

Further, since the base end portion of the drive cylinder device 54 is supported by the bed 6 via the pin 56, the stroke of the rod 58 can be increased, and as a result, the stroke of the ram 2 can be increased. it can.

〔The invention's effect〕

(1) Since the reaction force at the time of maximum pressurization acts on the pair of pull links as a pulling force in a direction substantially the same as the ram moving direction (almost vertical direction), the ram guide forming the press frame Does not have a bending force that causes it to deform significantly.

As a result, the rigidity of the press frame need not be so high.

(2) Since the bed and the ram are hinge-coupled by the pair of lever links and the pair of pull links and receive the reaction force of the pressing force by the pair of pull links, the press frame of the conventional rigid structure is Since the portion corresponding to the crown portion is eliminated, the total height of the pressing device can be reduced.

(3) A pair of pull links for raising and lowering the ram are arranged on both sides of the ram, and the structure is such that they are operated in synchronization with each other by the drive device, so that the parallelism to the bed is maintained at a high level. The ram moves up and down. For this reason, the dynamic accuracy of the press device is improved, and the structure is strong against the eccentric load along the axial direction of the pull link supporting shaft that supports the pair of pull links, and the accuracy of the press working is improved. .

(4) Since the bed and the ram are hinge-coupled to each other by the pair of lever links and the pair of pull links, the levelness and the verticality of each constituent member can be maintained with high accuracy, and each constituent member can be firmly fixed. As compared with the conventional rigid-structured frame having a rigid structure, the assembling becomes easier and the accuracy for assembling becomes easier.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 7 are views for explaining a press device P _{1 according} to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of the press device P ₁ seen from the rear, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where the ram 2 is assembled with the bed 6 constituting the press device, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the ram 2, and FIG. 4 is a ram 2
Front sectional view of the pressing device P _{1 in} a state in which is located at the rising end, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 4, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are upper end positions of the ram 2, respectively. 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of FIG. 8 to 14 are views for explaining a pressing device P _{2 according} to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is an overall perspective view of the pressing device P ₂ seen from the rear, Figure 9 shows the press machine
A rear view of P ₂ , FIG. 10 is a right side view of the same, FIG. 11 is a front sectional view of the press device P ₂ in which the ram 2 is located at the rising end, and FIG. 12 is FIG. XII-XII line sectional view in
13 and 14 are sectional views taken along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 11 at the upper end position and the descending end position of the ram 2, respectively. FIGS. 15 to 17 are views for explaining a conventional pressing device, FIG. 15 is a side view of a C-shaped press frame, and FIG. 16 is a front view of a gate-shaped press frame. , 17th
The figure is a front view of a press machine using a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 80. The explanation of the reference numerals of the main parts constituting the present invention is as follows. 2: Ram, 4: Ram guide 6: Bed, 16: Pull link bearing shaft 18: Pull link, 20: Lever link 22: Lever link bearing shaft 26: First connecting shaft (connecting shaft) 32, 54: Drive cylinder Device (drive device)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A ram guide integrally provided on a bed guides a ram so that the ram can be moved up and down, and a pair of pull links are arranged on both sides of the ram guide. The ram guide or bed is supported via a link bearing shaft, and a pair of lever links are arranged on both sides of the upper end of the ram, and each lever link is rammed via a lever link bearing shaft parallel to the pull link bearing shaft. Is supported on the upper ends of the pull links, and the upper ends of the pair of pull links and the pair of lever links are connected via a connecting shaft parallel to the pull link supporting shaft, and the lever link supporting shaft is centered by a driving device. The pair of lever links are reciprocally rotated, and the pair of pull links are reciprocally rotated about the pull link support shaft through the pair of lever links. Press apparatus characterized by being configured to raise and lower the. 2. The press device according to claim 1, wherein a pair of lever links arranged on both sides of the upper end of the ram are integrally connected.