JPH0679622A - Sizing device and cylindrical grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the circularity error of a master gage to enable the accurate zero point adjustment, and provide a sizing device, which can prevent the partial abrasion of the master gage. CONSTITUTION:A support bar 23 of a master gage is supported by a housing 26 through a bearing 24 freely to turn, and the master gage 20 is fitted to one end of the support bar 23, and the other end is connected to a motor 29 through a coupling 28. At the time of measuring the master gage 20, since the master gage 20 is rotated, the abrasion is evened, and the circularity error of the master gage is eliminated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sizing device for measuring a workpiece to be ground by a grinder and a cylindrical grinding machine equipped with the sizing device, and more particularly to a constant sizing device for measuring a diameter of a workpiece by performing master alignment. Size device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a cylindrical grinding machine, a sizing device is used to control the size. The sizing device is calibrated by equipping the grinding machine with a master gauge having the same diameter as the desired workpiece diameter, measuring the master gauge with a dimensional measuring device, and aligning the zero points (referred to as master alignment). On the machine, the diameter of the ground portion of the workpiece is measured by the dimensional measuring device, and when the size becomes constant, the grindstone is retracted to finish the grinding. When the diameter of the work piece is different from the diameter of the master gauge, the diameter of the work piece is measured by moving the probe by the difference in diameter after master alignment.

Such a master gauge holds the work piece between the work headstock and the tailstock, while the master gauge is fixedly located as close as possible to the work piece. There is then provided a feeder for moving the dimensional measuring device of the components of the sizing device between the work piece and the master gauge.

[0004]

[Problem 1] The master gauge is manufactured to have a desired size of, for example, about ± 2 μm. If the probe is repeatedly moved in and out of the master gauge to perform master alignment, the master gauge is partially worn, and the desired workpiece accuracy cannot be obtained. In particular, in a grinder that automatically conveys and mounts a workpiece, the probe often rubs against the master gauge, and wears relatively early.

On the other hand, recently, ultra-precision grinding is required, and in such a master gauge, in addition to the partial wear as described above, there is a dimensional variation due to the roundness at the time of manufacturing the master gauge. Therefore, for mounting the master gauge, it is desirable that the portion with the most accurate diameter in the circumferential direction of the master gauge be measured by the probe. However, measuring and aligning the master gauge in this way is not a time-consuming task, and even in this case, partial wear of the master gauge occurs.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a sizing device capable of more accurate zero-point alignment and preventing partial wear of the master gauge by preventing the circularity of the master gauge from being affected. .

[Problem 2] In a cylindrical grinder, a sizing device is generally provided at a position facing the grindstone on the front side of the machine stand or table when viewed from the operator side, but this will hinder the work and the automatic work piece attachment / detachment. There are also significant restrictions when installing a device (autoloader). Therefore, for example, when a sizing device is attached to the back surface of the work headstock as shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-22248, the arrangement of the grindstone base is restricted, and the dimensional restriction is caused particularly in relation to the grindstone cover. However, since it is difficult to attach a dimension measuring device that performs measurement across both sides of the diameter of a workpiece, a simple dimension measuring device cannot be used, and measurement accuracy is limited, so that versatility is poor. In addition, actual development Sho-2
If the work headstock of Japanese Patent No. 2248 is replaced with a tailstock, the interference between the sizing device and the grindstone becomes significant. In addition, since the mounting location is the back surface of the work headstock, the center of gravity of the sizing device is likely to move out of the mounting portion of the work headstock and become unstable. The sizing device needs to adjust the relationship between the work piece and the stylus, but in the above conventional example, there is a sizing device at the back of the work headstock, so the work headstock is back from the front side of the workstock headstock. It is extremely difficult to turn the hand around, and in particular, the presence of covers for preventing the scattering of the grinding fluid makes this adjustment extremely difficult. Therefore, the above-mentioned conventional example introduces a new problem even if the sizing device is not provided on the front surface of the machine base or the table.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cylindrical grinding machine equipped with a sizing device that allows easy attachment / detachment of workpieces, easy adjustment, and no restrictions on the arrangement of the grinding wheel head.

[0009]

The first and second inventions of the present invention are intended to solve the above-mentioned problem 1. The first invention of the present invention is to measure the workpiece and the master gauge on both sides across the diameter. In a sizing device equipped with a dimension measuring device for contacting a child to measure a workpiece diameter, and a feeding device for moving the dimension measuring device between the workpiece and the master gauge, rotatably supporting the master gauge, The sizing device is characterized in that a rotation driving means for the master gauge is provided.

A second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of master gauges having different diameters are superposed in the axial direction.
The sizing apparatus according to the invention.

The third to sixth inventions of the present invention are intended to solve the above-mentioned problem 2. In the third invention of the present invention, a workpiece headstock and a tailstock are arranged in opposition to each other to provide a workpiece. A cylindrical grinder provided with a grindstone for grinding a workpiece supported by a headstock and a tailstock, in which a sizing device is provided on an upper surface of the workpiece headstock or tailstock.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a sizing device is a column erected on a work headstock or tailstock, a saddle vertically guided by the column, and a lateral guide by the saddle. A slide, a drive device for the saddle, a drive device for the slide, a dimension measuring device carried by the slide, and a master gauge arranged on a tailstock. 3 is a cylindrical grinder according to the invention of No. 3.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a sizing apparatus is a dimension measuring apparatus for measuring a diameter of a workpiece by contacting a tracing stylus on both sides of the workpiece and a diameter of a master gauge. A feeder that moves between master gauges,
The cylindrical grinding machine according to the third or fourth aspect of the invention, characterized in that the master gage is rotatably supported, and a rotation driving means for the master gage is provided.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a sizing device is a dimension measuring device for measuring a workpiece diameter by contacting a measuring element on both sides of the workpiece and a diameter of a master gauge, and the dimension measuring device is a workpiece. A feeder that moves between master gauges,
A rotatably supporting a master gauge, a rotation driving means for the master gauge is provided, and the master gauge is formed by stacking a plurality of master gauges having different diameters in the axial direction. 4 is a cylindrical grinder according to the invention of No. 4.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

"Embodiment 1" FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are three-side views showing the entire sizing device, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a side view.
FIG. 4 is a plan view. This example is an example in which a sizing device is provided on the tailstock side of a cylindrical grinder, and the cylindrical grinder main body is not shown in FIG. A saddle 3 is vertically movably engaged with a vertical guide 2a provided on a column 2 standing on the tailstock 1. The saddle 3 is provided with a slide guide 3a parallel to the work W supported horizontally by the tailstock 1 and the work headstock (not shown) in the horizontal direction, and fixed to the cross slide 4 on the slide guide 3a. The slide bar 4a is engaged. Cross slide 4
One end on the side closer to the workpiece headstock is provided with a hanging portion 4b.
A Y-direction screw feed device 5 constituted by a vertical feed screw screwed into a nut fixed to the saddle 3 is connected to a vertical electric motor 6 provided in the column 2. A Z-direction screw feed device 7 configured by screwing a horizontal feed screw into a nut fixed to the cross slide 4 is connected to a horizontal electric motor 8 fixed to the saddle 3. As shown in FIG. 3, a dimension measuring device 9 is attached to the hanging portion 4b of the cross slide 4.
Is equipped with.

The dimension measuring device 9 is well known, and as shown in FIG. 5, a measuring finger 12 having a measuring element 11 contacting both sides across the diameter of a workpiece W has a measuring element 11 on a measuring device main body 13. It is mounted so that the distance can be adjusted, for example, between D _{1 and} D ₂ , and is supported by the measuring device body 13 in a floating manner. The root side of one measuring finger 12 is connected to a displacement sensor (not shown), such as a differential transformer. The measuring device main body 13 has a hanging portion 4b so that the tracing stylus 11 moves back and forth in the X direction shown in the drawing which is orthogonal to the axial direction of the workpiece W.
It is guided by a guide member 14 fixed to and is moved in and out by a driving device (not shown).

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of the master gauge shown in FIG. 4 viewed from the rear side. Master gauge 20
For example, seven kinds having diameters D _{1 to} D ₂ are provided in a skewered shape and are supported so as to be rotationally driven on the tailstock 1 with their axes parallel to the workpiece W. The master gauge 20 is fitted on the master gauge sleeve 21 in a stacked state, tightened with a lock nut 22, and fixed to the sleeve 21 to form a unit. The master gauge sleeve 21 is provided with a large diameter portion 21a into which most of the master gauge 20 is fitted and a small diameter portion 21b so as to hold the small diameter master gauge 20, and a screw portion 21c at the end of the small diameter portion.
The end opposite to the screw portion 21c is provided with a flange 21d larger than the large diameter portion 21a. Master gauge 20 group is screw part 2
A nut 22 is tightened in 1c and fixed to the master gauge sleeve 21. The master gauge support bar 23 is a bearing 24 mounted on a housing 26 fixed to the tailstock 1.
Both ends of the bar 23 project through the shaft sealing portion 25 to the outside of the bearing portion, the master gauge sleeve 21 is fitted at one end, and the bolt 27 for tightening the sleeve 21 is screwed in, and the other end is It is connected to a master gauge rotating electric motor 29 via a shaft joint 28. The electric motor 29 is fixed to the housing 26. The electric motor 29 is equipped with a speed reducer, and the output shaft of the speed reducer rotates at a low speed.

Next, the measuring action of the present invention will be described with reference to the workpiece W by way of example.

As shown in FIG. 4, the measuring point P of the workpiece W and the master gauge 20 are separated from each other by Z1 in the Z-axis (axial direction of the workpiece W) direction, and as shown in FIG. The difference in height between the heart and the master gauge 20 is Y in the Y direction (vertical direction).
It is 1. Further, the tracing stylus 11 moves back and forth in the X direction (horizontal direction perpendicular to the workpiece W) in which the dimension measuring device 9 moves back and forth (FIG. 3). In the above, the movement of the tracing stylus in the X direction is performed by a front-back direction driving device (not shown in the drawing, which is well known and omitted) provided in the dimension measuring device 9. The movement of the dimension measuring device 9 in the Y direction is performed by the electric motor 6 rotating the screw feeding device 5 to move the cross slide 4 up and down together with the saddle 3, and the movement of the Z direction is performed by the electric motor 8 rotating the screw feeding device 7. Then, the cross slide 4 is moved left and right.

In-process dimension measuring device 9 during rough machining
The diameter of the workpiece W is measured by using and the grinding is stopped at the diameter D. In this case, master alignment of the dimension measuring device 9 is not performed.

Next, master alignment is carried out before starting the finish grinding. The dimension measuring device 9 moves in the Z direction toward the Z1 tailstock 1 with the probe 11 in the retracted position from the workpiece W, and then moves upward in the Y direction by Y1 to face the master gauge 20. Then, the electric motor 29 that rotates the master gauge 20 rotates, the master gauge support bar 23 rotates via the shaft coupling 28, and the master gauge 20 rotates together with the master gauge sleeve 21. The tracing stylus 11 which has started to move forward reaches the measurement point of the master gauge 20 and the zero point is adjusted.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram for master adjustment. The output voltage of the differential transformer (not shown) of the measuring device 9 is amplified by the measuring element 11 by the amplifier 30, A / D converted by the A / D converter 31, and mastered by the arithmetic device 32 such as a microcomputer. The diameter of the gauge 20 is calculated and obtained. The dimension measuring device 9 is the master gauge 2
Since 0 is rotating, the diameter variation at the circumferential measurement point of the master gauge 20 is output as a voltage change,
It is amplified by the amplifier 30, A / D converted by the A / D converter 31, and sequentially input to the arithmetic unit 32. The arithmetic unit 32 inputs the input value into the storage device, and the representative value of the fluctuating voltage sent from the dimension measuring unit 9 with respect to the rotation angle of at least one rotation master gauge 20, for example, the average value, the mode value. Etc. are calculated to obtain an accurate zero point alignment dimension, the cutting dimension of the grinding wheel head is calculated, and this cutting dimension is transmitted to the numerical control device 33.
In order to reduce the master alignment time, the encoder 10 is connected to the electric motor 29 as shown in FIG.
The rotation angle of the master gauge 20 detected by 0 is calculated by the arithmetic unit 3
2 may be input, and the zero value may be set by obtaining the average value of the diameter of the master gauge 20 in one rotation of the master gauge 20. Alternatively, the master gauge 20 may be rotated once by numerical control using the electric motor 29 as a servo motor. When the master gauge 20 is sufficiently rotated a plurality of times to obtain the average value or the like, the representative value may be obtained by the number of measurements without particularly obtaining the rotation angle of the electric motor 29.
In the above description, the diameter of the master gauge 20 is measured. However, when the diameters of the measurement points of the master gauge 20 and the workpiece W are the same as in this example, the displacement of the probe 11 alone may be calculated. . After the master alignment, the probe 11 is retracted from the master gauge 20 and then is fed by a feeder to the dimension measuring device 9 to the retracted position before the measurement point P of the workpiece W.
The position is changed by moving Y1 and Z1 in the Y and Z directions. Here, in the finish grinding state of the workpiece W, the probe 11
To contact both sides across the diameter of the workpiece W for in-process gauge finishing. The voltage change measured by the dimension measuring device 9 is amplified by the amplifier 30, and the A / D
A / D converted by the converter 31, sent to the arithmetic unit 32,
Here, the cutting amount of the grinding wheel is calculated and sent to the numerical controller 33 to perform the sizing operation. By inputting the size of the current work W to the arithmetic unit 32, the difference between the current work size and the finish size is calculated as the size to advance the grindstone and cut the grindstone into the work W, and the work size is calculated. And the grinding wheel head is moved forward and stopped until the difference in finishing dimension becomes zero, and the wheel head is retracted after sparking out. At the same time, the probe 11 of the dimension measuring device is retracted, and subsequently the electric motor 8 is energized and the screw feeding device 7
Thus, the cross slide 4 moves Z1 toward the tailstock 1, and the dimension measuring device 9 moves to the position of the master gauge 20 of the tailstock 1 and stands by.

In the above, since the plurality of master gauges 20 are superposed with a large number of master gauges having different diameters, it is necessary to combine the diameters of the master gauges so that they have the same diameter as the grinding portion diameter of the workpiece. Since the measuring device does not move the tracing stylus after master alignment, the measurement accuracy of the workpiece is improved.

In the embodiment, a plurality of master gauges 20 are stacked in multiple stages, but it goes without saying that a single master gauge will suffice. In this case, after the master alignment, the distance between the contact points 11 is changed and processed. It is well known to measure the object W.

In the embodiment, the master gauge is rotated only at the time of master alignment, but the master gauge may be rotated at all times, which makes the temperature distribution of the master gauge more uniform.

[Second Embodiment] FIGS. 8 and 9 show a wheel head traverse type cylindrical grinder, FIG. 8 is a plan view and FIG. 9 is a front view. A tilting base 16 which is long in the left-right direction when viewed from the operator side of the machine base 15 and whose tilt can be adjusted by rotating a small angle on a vertical pivot 17 is fixed. A workpiece headstock 18 is fixed on the tilting base 16,
Further, the tailstock 1 is fixed so as to be opposed to the workpiece headstock 18 so that the center-to-center distance can be adjusted. The workpiece W is supported by the workpiece headstock 18 and the tailstock 1 using a center. The grindstone base 34 is guided on the saddle 35 to advance and retreat to the workpiece W, and is advanced and retracted by the cutting feed device.
The saddle 35 is movably guided in parallel to the center lines of the work headstock 18 and the tailstock 1, and is moved left and right by a traverse drive device. The grindstone base 34 is provided with an angular grindstone 36, and this grindstone 36 is cut into the tail back side end of the workpiece W as seen from the operator side. The grindstone 37 on the workpiece headstock 18 side is also guided and driven similarly to the grindstone 34, and the grindstone 38 of the workpiece headstock 18 grinds the headstock side end portion of the workpiece W.

In the above, the tailstock 1, the work headstock 18
The sizing device described in the first embodiment (generally designated by 40) is mounted on the upper surface of the. Then, the diameter of both ends of the workpiece W, which is the ground portion, is measured by the dimension measuring device 9. Depending on the specifications of the machine, the sizing device 40 may be provided on any one of the work headstock 18 and the tailstock 1. The tilting base 16 is used for the table moving cylindrical grinder.
Is a table that is driven in the left-right direction and carries a workpiece headstock and tailstock on top of it.While the grindstone does not move in the traverse direction, the sizing device also works on the workpiece headstock and / or tailstock. Be attached to.

As described above, since there is no fixing member for the sizing device in front of the workpiece W as seen from the operator side, there is no obstacle in contacting / separating the device for attaching / detaching the workpiece W and the sizing device. Adjustment and maintenance of the device can be easily performed from the current position of the operator.

[0030]

Since the sizing device of the present invention rotatably supports the master gauge and is rotated by the rotary drive device as described above, the diameters of the master gauge at respective circumferential positions can be averaged. Extremely accurate zero point alignment is possible. Since the master gauge is rotating, non-uniformity of temperature does not occur, so that the measurement dimension does not vary due to the non-uniformity of temperature. Since the master gauge rotates, there is no partial wear of the master gauge and the durability of the master gauge increases. And so on.

Since the cylindrical grinding machine of the present invention is provided with the sizing device on the work headstock or tailstock, there is no member on the front side of the position where the work is mounted, which interferes with the attachment / detachment of the work. The attachment / detachment of objects is easy, and it is easy to install an automatic workpiece attaching / detaching device. Since the dimension measuring device can be easily arranged on the operator side, adjustment of the dimension measuring device is extremely easy. Further, since there is no member protruding from the grindstone base, there is no restriction on the arrangement of the grindstone base, and any cylindrical grinder can be used regardless of its type.

In the cylindrical grinding machine of the present invention, when the dimension measuring device can be moved up and down, left and right, and back and forth, it can be applied to the sizing operation of a workpiece having multiple steps.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view of a master gauge section.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the sizing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the dimension measuring device.

FIG. 6 is a control block diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a control block diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a cylindrical grinding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a front view of FIG. 8. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Tailstock 9 Dimension Measuring Device 11 Measuring Element 20 Master Gauge 29 Electric Motor 30 Amplifier 31 A / D Converter 32 Arithmetic Device 33 NC Device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A dimension measuring device for measuring a workpiece diameter by contacting a measuring element on both sides of the workpiece and the master gauge, and a feeding device for moving the dimension measuring device between the workpiece and the master gauge. A sizing device comprising a master gauge rotatably supported and a rotation driving means for the master gauge. 2. The sizing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of master gauges having different diameters are stacked in the axial direction. 3. A cylindrical grinder having a workpiece headstock and a tailstock facing each other, and a grindstone head for grinding the workpiece supported by the workpiece headstock and the tailstock. Cylindrical grinder equipped with a sizing device on the upper surface of the headstock or tailstock. 4. The sizing device comprises a column erected on a work headstock or a tailstock, a saddle vertically guided by the column, a slide horizontally guided by the saddle, and the saddle. 4. The cylinder according to claim 3, further comprising: a drive device for the slide, a drive device for the slide, a dimension measuring device carried by the slide, and a master gauge arranged on a tailstock. Grinder, 5. The sizing device is a dimension measuring device for measuring a workpiece diameter by contacting a measuring element on both sides of the workpiece and the master gauge, and the dimension measuring device is moved between the workpiece and the master gauge. 5. A feeder, a master gauge being rotatably supported, and a rotation driving means for the master gauge being provided.
Cylindrical grinder described in. 6. The sizing device is a dimension measuring device for measuring a workpiece diameter by contacting a measuring element on both sides of the workpiece and the master gauge, and the dimension measuring device is moved between the workpiece and the master gauge. A feed device, a master gauge is rotatably supported, a rotation driving means for the master gauge is provided, and the master gauge is a plurality of master gauges having different diameters stacked in the axial direction. The cylindrical grinding machine according to claim 3 or 4.