JPH067763A - Garbage treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To inexpensively and rapidly treat garbage and to effectively utilize the product accompanied by the treatment. CONSTITUTION:Garbage is ground into a predetermined size by a grainder 0 to be transferred by a belt conveyor 5. During this period, the transfer amount of the garbage is measured by a conveyor scale 6 and quick lime is charged in the ground garbage in a definite ratio from a quick lime tank 8 fitted with a screw feeder 7 and the mixture of garbage and quick lime supplied from the belt conveyor 5 is well stirred in a reaction hopper 10 by rotary blades 9 to sufficiently react moisture in garbage with quick lime and the residual moisture in garbage is almost evaporated by the heat of reaction. The garbage and quick lime become almost odorless to form a sandy mixture of org. matter and slaked lime.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a novel method and apparatus for treating food waste, which is produced by rapidly drying and pulverizing food waste from households and the like so that it can be effectively used as fertilizer. Is.

[0002]

[Background Art] Garbage discharged from ordinary households is collected by local government agencies such as municipalities or their contractors,
It is often the case that incinerators that use heavy oil are burned in a dedicated incinerator (such as an electric furnace), and the unburned ash is landfilled.

[0003] In addition, food waste from ordinary households undergoes a pretreatment process, is mechanically ventilated and backfilled, and is subjected to primary fermentation for about a week by the action of aerobic microorganisms, followed by curing for several weeks. So-called high-speed composting is also performed.

[0004]

When incinerating food waste, heavy fuel oil is added, which causes a problem of high fuel cost. Further, when garbage is burned, soot and offensive odors are generated, so that a dust remover or the like must be attached, and there is a problem that the facility cost is increased. Furthermore, the garbage collected from ordinary households often contains plastic containers and empty cans that burn at high temperatures or remain in the furnace as incombustibles and damage the furnace. There was also a problem.

Further, when composting food waste, even if the composting is carried out at high speed, there is a drawback that it takes more than one month and labor.

Therefore, it is not possible to treat all of the garbage that is thrown away in large quantities on a daily basis by the above method, and in some cases, the garbage that cannot be completely processed must be disposed of as landfill. .

Therefore, the present invention has been made based on the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a method and an apparatus for treating food waste that can process a large amount of food waste promptly and inexpensively and can be reused as fertilizer. The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] A method of treating food waste according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to crush food waste into a predetermined size, and then add quick lime at a constant ratio to obtain the waste and quick lime. Is thoroughly stirred to sufficiently react the water contained in the garbage with the quick lime, and then allowed to stand naturally and further dried by the reaction heat of the quick lime.

Further, the apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention is provided with a receiving hopper connected to a crusher for crushing the food waste into a predetermined size, and the base end side of the first belt conveyor is arranged at the discharge port of the receiving hopper. , A rotary vane for feeding is installed at a predetermined height position on the first belt conveyor, a second belt conveyor is connected to the first belt conveyor, and the amount of food waste transferred is measured on the base end side of the second belt conveyor. Install a conveyor scale, install a quick lime tank with a screw feeder that inputs quick lime at a fixed rate according to the measured amount, install a midway of the second belt conveyor, and mix the garbage and quick lime on the second belt conveyor. Of the second belt conveyor, a reaction hopper for receiving food waste mixed with quick lime, and an appropriate number of agitators in the reaction hopper. It includes a use rotating blades, characterized in that arranged a third belt conveyor for transporting the garbage after the processing from the reaction hopper to dumps.

[0010]

In the method of treating food waste according to the present invention, when quick lime is added to a finely crushed food waste at a constant ratio and well stirred, most of the water contained in the food waste reacts rapidly with the quick lime, It becomes a mixture of raw garbage and slaked lime that are dried to some extent. If left as it is, most of the remaining water in the food waste evaporates due to the high temperature during the reaction of the quick lime, and it is sufficiently dried and sterilized, and it naturally disintegrates finely to form a mixture of sandy or powdery organic matter and slaked lime. .

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The method and apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the device of the present invention is provided with a receiving hopper 1 connected to a crusher 0 for crushing raw garbage into a predetermined size, and a discharge port 2 of the receiving hopper 1 is provided with a base of a first belt conveyor 3. The end side is arranged, the rotary vane 4 for feeding is attached at a predetermined height position on the first belt conveyor 3, the second belt conveyor 5 is connected to the first belt conveyor 3, and the base end of the second belt conveyor 5 is arranged. A conveyor scale 6 that measures the amount of raw garbage transferred is attached to the side, and a quicklime tank 8 with a screw feeder 7 that feeds quicklime at a constant rate according to the measured amount is installed in the middle of the second belt conveyor 5, An appropriate number of rotary blades 9 for stirring raw garbage and quick lime are mounted on the belt conveyor 5, and a reaction hopper 10 for receiving raw garbage mixed with quick lime at the delivery end of the second belt conveyor 5.
The reaction hopper 10 is equipped with an appropriate number of rotary blades 9 for stirring, and food waste is collected from the reaction hopper 10 at the deposition site 1
A third belt conveyor 12 for transferring to 1 is provided.

When treating garbage with the above-mentioned device,
First, raw garbage collected from a general household is finely crushed by the crusher 0, and the raw garbage is stored in the receiving hopper 1.
In this embodiment, garbage is crushed to a size of about 2 cm. The garbage may be transferred from the crusher 0 to the receiving hopper 1 by a conveyor or the like. Also, if you crush the garbage into mud, the amount of water that has exuded from the beginning is too much and the reaction due to the quick lime addition described below does not proceed easily (the temperature rise is slow). Therefore, make the garbage 5 mm or larger. Is desirable.

A wire mesh 14 is laid in the receiving hopper 1,
It is arranged that coarse lumps and coarse foreign substances (empty cans and plastic containers), etc. in which finely crushed food waste is recombined are not mixed as they are into the next step (on the first belt conveyor 3).

[0014] The first belt conveyor 3 receives the food waste flowing out of the receiving hopper 1, and the first belt conveyor 3
After adjusting the thickness to a constant value above, it is transferred to the second belt conveyor 5. Here, the thickness of the food waste on the first belt conveyor 3 is the rotary vane 4 for feeding on the first belt conveyor 3.
Although it depends on the height at which the food waste is attached, in this embodiment, the food waste is installed so that the thickness thereof is about 15 cm.

At the base end side of the second belt conveyor 5, the conveyor scale 6 constantly measures the amount of raw garbage transferred per predetermined time, and a certain proportion of the measured amount of quicklime is fed from the quicklime tank 8 with the screw feeder 7. Add to the garbage on the second belt conveyor 5. In this example,
About 30% of quicklime is added to raw garbage.

While the raw garbage and the quick lime are well agitated by a proper number (two in this embodiment) of the stirring rotary blades 9 on the second belt conveyor 5, while reacting the water in the raw garbage with the quick lime, Transfer to the reaction hopper 10.

In the reaction hopper 10, the mixture of raw garbage and quick lime transferred from the second belt conveyor 5 is fed to the reaction hopper 1 by the fourth belt conveyor 15.
While being transferred to the discharge port 16 side of 0, the reaction is promoted by further stirring by an appropriate number (four in this embodiment) of rotating blades 9 for stirring.

When the device of the present invention is first operated,
Since the mixture of the garbage and the quick lime is small on the fourth belt conveyor 15 and it is difficult to stir it with the rotary blades 9, only an appropriate time (about 30 minutes in the present embodiment) until the appropriate amount of the mixture is accumulated. Fourth belt conveyor 15
To stop.

The mixture that has been sufficiently agitated and reacted in the reaction hopper 10 is transferred from the discharge port 16 to the deposition site 11 in the building by the third belt conveyor 12. Here, a belt-type magnetic separator 17 (for example, an electromagnetic hanging magnetic separator manufactured by Kanetu Co., Ltd.) is provided in the middle of the third belt conveyor 12 so as to straddle the third belt conveyor 12, and magnetic force is applied to iron scraps and the like contained in the mixture. It is sucked and removed by the
Collect in.

The mixture, which has been transferred to the sedimentation site 11 by the third belt conveyor 12 and piled up, is left for several hours, and most of the residual moisture in the mixture is evaporated by the heat of reaction between the moisture contained in the garbage and the quicklime. . At this time, the food waste is excessively dried and naturally disintegrates into sand particles and powder. Even if miscellaneous bacteria propagate in the garbage, it is sterilized by the high heat of reaction between water and quicklime. Further, since the water contained in the food waste is rapidly removed, the food waste is not spoiled and the malodor hardly occurs.

The product obtained by treating food waste with the above-mentioned method and apparatus is almost odorless and becomes a sand-grained and powdery mixture of organic matter and slaked lime. Highly useful as

[0022]

As described above, in the method and apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention, the amount of food waste transferred by the conveyor scale is crushed by a crusher into a predetermined size and transferred by a belt conveyor. According to the measured value, quick lime is added from the quick lime tank with a screw feeder at a constant rate, and the mixture of raw garbage and quick lime is thoroughly stirred with a rotary blade on the belt conveyor and in the reaction hopper to produce raw lime. While sufficiently reacting the water contained in the garbage with the quick lime, leaving it for a while to evaporate almost all the residual water due to the heat of reaction, it produces almost no odor from the raw garbage and the quick lime, and produces a sandy and powdery mixture of organic matter and slaked lime Obtainable.

Accordingly, utilizing the method and apparatus of the present invention,
It is possible to quickly and inexpensively process food waste, and it is also possible to effectively reuse a sandy and granular mixture of organic matter and slaked lime produced by the processing of food waste as a soil conditioner or fertilizer.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an apparatus for treating food waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a left side view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the device of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 0 Crusher 1 Receiving hopper 2 Discharge port 3 First belt conveyor 4 Rotating blade 5 (for delivery) 5 Second belt conveyor 6 Conveyor scale 7 Screw feeder 8 Quick lime tank 9 (For stirring) Rotating blade 10 Reaction hopper 11 Depositing place 12 Third belt conveyor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Garbage is crushed to a predetermined size, and then quick lime is added at a constant ratio, and the fast trash and quick lime are thoroughly stirred to sufficiently react the water contained in the quick refuse with the quick lime. Then, the method of treating food waste is characterized by allowing the food waste to stand naturally and further drying the food waste by the reaction heat of the quicklime. 2. A receiving hopper (1) is provided in series with a crusher (0) for crushing raw garbage into a predetermined size, and a discharge port (2) of the receiving hopper (1) is provided with a first belt conveyor (3). Arrange the base side, the first belt conveyor (3)
The rotary vane (4) for delivery is attached to the upper predetermined position, the second belt conveyor (5) is connected to the first belt conveyor (3), and the second belt conveyor (5) is provided at the base end side. A conveyor scale (6) for measuring the transfer amount of dust is attached, and a quick-lime tank (8) with a screw feeder (7) that inputs quick-lime at a constant rate according to the measured amount is installed in the middle of the second belt conveyor (5). It is installed and a proper number of rotary blades (9) for stirring raw garbage and quick lime are attached on the second belt conveyor (5), and the raw end mixed with quick lime is received at the delivery end of the second belt conveyor (5). Reaction hopper (10) is installed and reaction hopper (10)
It is equipped with a proper number of rotary blades (9) for stirring inside, and is provided with a third belt conveyor (12) for transferring the treated food waste from the reaction hopper (10) to the deposition site (11). This is a garbage processing device.