JPH0677118B2 - Liquid crystal element - Google Patents

Liquid crystal element

Info

Publication number
JPH0677118B2
JPH0677118B2 JP60007467A JP746785A JPH0677118B2 JP H0677118 B2 JPH0677118 B2 JP H0677118B2 JP 60007467 A JP60007467 A JP 60007467A JP 746785 A JP746785 A JP 746785A JP H0677118 B2 JPH0677118 B2 JP H0677118B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
recording medium
phase
thin film
porous material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP60007467A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61167922A (en
Inventor
直司 早川
敏彰 間島
雅典 竹之内
英俊 鱸
満 山本
文隆 簡
一郎 野村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Canon Inc
Original Assignee
Canon Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Canon Inc filed Critical Canon Inc
Priority to JP60007467A priority Critical patent/JPH0677118B2/en
Priority to US06/819,131 priority patent/US4675699A/en
Publication of JPS61167922A publication Critical patent/JPS61167922A/en
Publication of JPH0677118B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0677118B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/132—Thermal activation of liquid crystals exhibiting a thermo-optic effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K1/00—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion
    • G06K1/12—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching
    • G06K1/126—Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion otherwise than by punching by photographic or thermographic registration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/02—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K2019/06215—Aspects not covered by other subgroups
    • G06K2019/06281—Aspects not covered by other subgroups rewritable

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は画像記録媒体、特に書き換え可能な画像記録媒
体として用いる液晶素子に関するものである。The present invention relates to a liquid crystal element used as an image recording medium, particularly a rewritable image recording medium.

［従来の技術］及び［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ 近年、画像記録において書き換え可能な媒体を用いる需
要が増加しているが、従来技術においては実用上幾つか
の問題点があった。例えば、オフィスのペーパーレスの
ために、ディスプレイ装置が多用されるようになった
が、CRT等によるディスプレイ装置では、文章のような
高精細な表示が困難であり、画像を画像のままで長期に
保存できないという問題がある。また、いわゆるプリン
ター等によるハードコピー画像は書き替えができないた
め、使用する紙の量が増大するという問題がある。一
方、キャッシュカード、クレジットカード等のカード類
が広く普及しているが、これらカードに金額等の表示を
記録しておきたいという要求もある。これらの要求に対
して、例えばフラットディスプレイ装置を用いることも
可能であるが、装置に電源を必要としたり、その構造が
複雑である等の欠点があった。[Prior Art] and [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In recent years, the demand for using a rewritable medium for image recording has been increasing, but the conventional art has some practical problems. For example, because of the paperless nature of offices, display devices have become widely used, but display devices such as CRTs are difficult to display in high definition like text, and images can be stored as images for long periods of time. There is a problem that you cannot do it. Further, since a hard copy image by a so-called printer cannot be rewritten, there is a problem that the amount of paper used increases. On the other hand, although cards such as cash cards and credit cards are widely used, there is also a demand for recording the display of the amount of money on these cards. To meet these demands, for example, a flat display device can be used, but it has drawbacks such as requiring a power source for the device and having a complicated structure.

本発明は上記した従来技術の問題点に鑑みなされたもの
で、画像の保存及び書き換えが可能で、ペーパーライフ
な表示を可能にする記録媒体を提供することを目的とし
ている。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium capable of storing and rewriting images and enabling a paper-life display.

［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明は、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンで形成した多孔
性材料の薄膜と、該薄膜を挟む一対の基板とを有し、該
多孔性材料の薄膜に形成された微細な多数の空孔中に、
少なくとも加熱時の等方相から冷却によりネマチック相
へと相変化する液晶であって、ネマチック相を生じる温
度範囲内で電圧印加すると液晶分子の垂直配向により光
透過率が増加し、電圧無印加の場合には液晶分子のラン
ダム配列により白濁状態を生じる液晶を充填してなるこ
とを特徴とする液晶素子である。[Means for Solving Problems] The present invention has a thin film of a porous material formed of polytetrafluoroethylene and a pair of substrates sandwiching the thin film, and is formed on the thin film of the porous material. In a large number of fine holes,
A liquid crystal that undergoes a phase change from at least an isotropic phase during heating to a nematic phase upon cooling, and when voltage is applied within a temperature range in which a nematic phase is generated, light transmittance increases due to vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and no voltage is applied. In this case, the liquid crystal element is characterized in that it is filled with liquid crystal that causes a cloudy state due to a random arrangement of liquid crystal molecules.

［作用］ 熱光学効果を示す液晶として、スメクチック液晶を用い
た場合についてその動作原理を説明する。[Operation] The operation principle of the case where smectic liquid crystal is used as the liquid crystal exhibiting the thermo-optical effect will be described.

液晶層を加熱すると、液晶分子の配向状態は等方性液相
の状態になる。その後冷却過程で液晶層は、等方性液相
の状態からネマチック相、スメチック相へと変化し、ス
メクチック相でその配向状態が安定化する。液晶層内の
状態がネマチック相を通過する際に、電界を印加する
と、液晶の徐冷による作用と共に、電界による配向効果
によって液晶層内の分子配列が垂直配向状態となり、光
学的に透明な状態となる。一方冷却過程において、電圧
を印加しない場合には液晶層内の分子配列が等方性液相
のランダムな状態のまま急冷され、光学的に白濁の状態
になる。When the liquid crystal layer is heated, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules becomes an isotropic liquid phase state. Then, in the cooling process, the liquid crystal layer changes from an isotropic liquid phase state to a nematic phase or a smectic phase, and the alignment state is stabilized in the smectic phase. When an electric field is applied while the state in the liquid crystal layer passes through the nematic phase, the molecular alignment in the liquid crystal layer becomes a vertical alignment state due to the effect of the slow cooling of the liquid crystal and the alignment effect of the electric field, resulting in an optically transparent state. Becomes On the other hand, in the cooling process, when no voltage is applied, the molecular arrangement in the liquid crystal layer is rapidly cooled with the isotropic liquid phase being in a random state, resulting in an optically cloudy state.

本発明は、このような熱光学効果示す液晶の性質を応用
して画像情報の書き込みを行なわせたものである。すな
わち、前述の液晶層を挾持した記録媒体に、加熱及び電
圧印加を順次施すことによって、「透明」、「白濁」の
２つの表示状態が得られる。さらに本発明では、可撓性
のある基板によって液晶材料を挾持し、かつ液晶材料を
ポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる薄膜のシート状多
孔性材料の空孔中に充填し、形成したため、従来にはな
い記録媒体そのものの可撓性が得られる。In the present invention, writing of image information is performed by applying the property of liquid crystal exhibiting such a thermo-optical effect. That is, two display states of “transparent” and “white turbid” can be obtained by sequentially applying heating and voltage application to the recording medium holding the liquid crystal layer. Further, according to the present invention, the liquid crystal material is held by the flexible substrate, and the liquid crystal material is filled and formed in the pores of the sheet-shaped porous material of the thin film made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The flexibility of the recording medium itself is obtained.

［実施例］ 第１図は、本発明による画像記録媒体の一実施例を示す
構成図である。本実施例では、基板１及び２として、膜
厚50μｍのPET（ポリエチレンテレフタレート）のシー
トを用いる。また、多孔質材料３としては、膜厚40μ
ｍ、平均孔径１μｍ、空隙率75％のフッ素ポリマーであ
るポリテトラフルオロエチレンの多孔質体（商品名；フ
ロロポア）を使用し、この多孔質材料３の空孔中に、ネ
マチック相とスメクチック相を示す液晶（BHD社、商品
名；「Ｓ−５」）を充填し、画像記録媒体４を得た。[Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an image recording medium according to the present invention. In this embodiment, as the substrates 1 and 2, PET (polyethylene terephthalate) sheets having a film thickness of 50 μm are used. The porous material 3 has a film thickness of 40 μm.
m, an average pore diameter of 1 μm, and a porous material of polytetrafluoroethylene (trade name: Fluoropore), which is a fluoropolymer having a porosity of 75%, and a nematic phase and a smectic phase are formed in the pores of the porous material 3. An image recording medium 4 was obtained by filling the liquid crystal shown (BHD, trade name; “S-5”).

このようにして得られた画像記録媒体４を用いて実際に
画像情報を記録させる場合についてその特性を説明す
る。The characteristics of the case where image information is actually recorded using the image recording medium 4 thus obtained will be described.

第２図（ａ）〜（ｃ）は、画像記録媒体４への各記録プ
ロセスを示すものである。2A to 2C show each recording process on the image recording medium 4.

電界印加前の画像記録媒体４の光透過率をタングステン
ランプの平行光を照射し、集光角３°で測定したところ
0.1％であった。The light transmittance of the image recording medium 4 before the electric field was applied was measured by irradiating parallel light from a tungsten lamp at a converging angle of 3 °.
It was 0.1%.

次に第２図（ａ）に加熱プロセスを示す。第１図で示し
た画像記録媒体４をベルト６及びローラー11で矢印の方
向に送り、電源12と加熱ランプ５により、画像記録媒体
４中の液晶を等方性液相まで加熱する。Next, FIG. 2 (a) shows the heating process. The image recording medium 4 shown in FIG. 1 is fed in the direction of the arrow by the belt 6 and the roller 11, and the liquid crystal in the image recording medium 4 is heated to the isotropic liquid phase by the power source 12 and the heating lamp 5.

第２図（ｂ）はコロナ帯電器７による電界印加プロセス
を示す図である。この時、画像記録媒体４中の液晶には
望ましくは20V/10μｍ程度の電界を加える必要がある。
本実施例では、基板の表面電位差が200〜300V程度とな
る様電界を印加した。上記電界印加過程で、画像記録媒
体４中の液晶は、等方性液相からネマチック相を経て冷
却され、透明状態となる。FIG. 2B is a diagram showing an electric field application process by the corona charger 7. At this time, it is necessary to apply an electric field of about 20 V / 10 μm to the liquid crystal in the image recording medium 4.
In this example, an electric field was applied so that the surface potential difference of the substrate was about 200 to 300V. In the process of applying the electric field, the liquid crystal in the image recording medium 4 is cooled from the isotropic liquid phase through the nematic phase and becomes transparent.

ことのき前記と同様に光透過率を測定したところ15％で
あり、前記白濁状態とのコントラスト比は150:1であり
極めて良好であった。When the light transmittance was measured in the same manner as described above, it was 15%, and the contrast ratio with the cloudy state was 150: 1, which was extremely good.

部分的に書き込む方法を第２図（ｃ）に示す。この書き
込みプロセスによって、画像記録媒体４に画像情報が記
録される。即ちサーマルヘッド８に接触した画像記録媒
体４は、プラテンローラー９により順次送られる。この
時、信号源10により制御されたサーマルヘッド８は画像
情報に対応して発熱し、この発熱によって画像記録媒体
４中の液晶は電界印加無しに冷却されるために白濁状態
となり、所定の画像情報の書き込みがなされる。A partial writing method is shown in FIG. By this writing process, image information is recorded on the image recording medium 4. That is, the image recording medium 4 contacting the thermal head 8 is sequentially fed by the platen roller 9. At this time, the thermal head 8 controlled by the signal source 10 generates heat corresponding to the image information, and due to this heat generation, the liquid crystal in the image recording medium 4 is cooled without application of an electric field and becomes a white turbid state. Information is written.

本実施例においては、上述の発熱によって画像記録媒体
４中の液晶は、スメクチック相から等方性液相に加熱さ
れるが、スメクチック相においては電界印加無しに急冷
却されるため、白濁状態となり、所定の画像情報の書き
込みがなされる。本実施例では、2J/cm2程度の熱印加で
良好に白濁した。In the present embodiment, the liquid crystal in the image recording medium 4 is heated from the smectic phase to the isotropic liquid phase by the above-mentioned heat generation, but in the smectic phase, the liquid crystal is rapidly cooled without applying an electric field, and thus becomes a cloudy state. , Writing of predetermined image information is performed. In this example, a white turbidity was obtained favorably by applying heat of about 2 J / cm 2 .

なお、本発明に用いる多孔性材料による薄膜は、好まし
くは、膜厚20〜100μｍ、平均孔径0.1〜１μｍ、空隙率
50〜75％が適している。The thin film of the porous material used in the present invention preferably has a film thickness of 20 to 100 μm, an average pore diameter of 0.1 to 1 μm, and a porosity.
50-75% is suitable.

また、本発明に用いられる液晶としては、ネマチック液
晶とコレステリック液晶の混合液晶、或いはネマチック
相を有するスメクチック液晶等が望ましい。The liquid crystal used in the present invention is preferably a mixed liquid crystal of nematic liquid crystal and cholesteric liquid crystal, a smectic liquid crystal having a nematic phase, or the like.

［比較例］ 実施例で用いたポリテトラフルオロエチレンの多孔質体
のかわりに、セルロースフィルター（Millipore type M
F）及び発泡スチレン、ポリウレタンフォームを用い
て、同様の測定を行なった。[Comparative Example] Instead of the polytetrafluoroethylene porous material used in the examples, a cellulose filter (Millipore type M
The same measurement was performed using F), expanded styrene, and polyurethane foam.

この場合、いずれの多孔質体も電界印加前の光透過率は
およそ２％であり、電界印加し透明状態としたものの光
透過率は８％程度で、ペーパーライクな表示としては十
分なコントラスト比を得られなかった（コントラスト比
は4:1であった）。In this case, each of the porous bodies had a light transmittance of about 2% before the electric field was applied, and the light transmittance of the transparent state was about 8% even when the electric field was applied, which is a sufficient contrast ratio for a paper-like display. Was not obtained (contrast ratio was 4: 1).

［発明の効果］ 本発明においては、熱光学効果を示す液晶を、画像情報
の記録媒体とし、その熱光学効果によって画像を記録す
るようにしたため、画像情報の保存、書き換えを簡単に
行うことができる。また、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン
からなる薄膜のシート状多孔性材料に液晶を充填したこ
とにより、膜厚の均一性が高く、良好な配向制御に基づ
くコントラスト比の高い大面積の記録媒体を容易に得ら
れると共に、可撓性を有する基板との一体成形により、
可撓性のある記録媒体を得ることも可能になった。[Advantages of the Invention] In the present invention, a liquid crystal exhibiting a thermo-optical effect is used as a recording medium for image information, and an image is recorded by the thermo-optical effect. Therefore, storage and rewriting of image information can be easily performed. it can. In addition, by filling the sheet-like porous material of thin film made of polytetrafluoroethylene with liquid crystal, it is possible to easily obtain a large-area recording medium with high uniformity of film thickness and high contrast ratio based on good orientation control. In addition to being molded, it is integrally molded with a flexible substrate,
It is also possible to obtain a flexible recording medium.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]

第１図は本発明による画像記録媒体の一実施例を示す構
成図、第２図（ａ）が加熱プロセスを示す図、第２図
（ｂ）電界印加プロセスを示す図、第２図（ｃ）は熱書
き込みプロセスを示す図である。 1,2;基板、3;多孔性材料、4;画像記録媒体、5;加熱ラン
プ、6;ベルト、7;コロナ帯電器、8;サーマルヘッド、9;
プラテンローラー、10;信号源（サーマルヘッド制御装
置）、11;ローラー、12;電源FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an image recording medium according to the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is a diagram showing a heating process, FIG. 2 (b) is a diagram showing an electric field applying process, and FIG. 2 (c). ) Is a diagram showing a thermal writing process. 1, 2; substrate, 3; porous material, 4; image recording medium, 5; heating lamp, 6; belt, 7; corona charger, 8; thermal head, 9;
Platen roller, 10; Signal source (thermal head controller), 11; Roller, 12; Power supply

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 竹之内 雅典 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 鱸 英俊 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 山本 満 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 簡 文隆 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (72)発明者 野村 一郎 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キヤ ノン株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭50−61244（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭50−50053（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特公 昭49−15505（ＪＰ，Ｂ１) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masanori Takenouchi 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Hidetoshi Haru 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon (72) Inventor Mitsuru Yamamoto 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Inventor Kanbun Takashi 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. ( 72) Inventor Ichiro Nomura 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-50-61244 (JP, A) JP-A-50-50053 (JP, A) Special Kosho 49-15505 (JP, B1)

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項１】ポリテトラフルオロエチレンで形成した多
孔性材料の薄膜と、該薄膜を挟む一対の基板とを有し、
該多孔性材料の薄膜に形成された微細な多数の空孔中
に、少なくとも加熱時の等方相から冷却によりネマチッ
ク相へと相変化する液晶であって、ネマチック相を生じ
る温度範囲内で電圧印加すると液晶分子の垂直配向によ
り光透過率が増加し、電圧無印加の場合には液晶分子の
ランダム配列により白濁状態を生じる液晶を充填してな
ることを特徴とする液晶素子。1. A thin film of a porous material formed of polytetrafluoroethylene, and a pair of substrates sandwiching the thin film,
A liquid crystal that undergoes a phase change from at least an isotropic phase during heating to a nematic phase upon cooling in a large number of fine pores formed in the thin film of the porous material, and a voltage within a temperature range in which a nematic phase is generated. A liquid crystal element characterized by being filled with a liquid crystal which, when applied, causes an increase in light transmittance due to vertical alignment of liquid crystal molecules, and when a voltage is not applied, a liquid crystal molecule causes a cloudy state due to a random arrangement.
JP60007467A 1985-01-18 1985-01-21 Liquid crystal element Expired - Lifetime JPH0677118B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60007467A JPH0677118B2 (en) 1985-01-21 1985-01-21 Liquid crystal element
US06/819,131 US4675699A (en) 1985-01-18 1986-01-15 Image-recording apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP60007467A JPH0677118B2 (en) 1985-01-21 1985-01-21 Liquid crystal element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61167922A JPS61167922A (en) 1986-07-29
JPH0677118B2 true JPH0677118B2 (en) 1994-09-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP60007467A Expired - Lifetime JPH0677118B2 (en) 1985-01-18 1985-01-21 Liquid crystal element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0677118B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0739147Y2 (en) * 1988-01-25 1995-09-06 ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 Waterproof switch
JP2592118B2 (en) * 1988-12-02 1997-03-19 三菱重工業株式会社 Exhaust gas treatment method
JP3532415B2 (en) * 1998-07-06 2004-05-31 シャープ株式会社 Information recording device

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR7302384D0 (en) * 1972-04-04 1974-06-27 Dick Co Ab IMPROVEMENTS IN OR RELATING TO CLEANING ROLLS OF A PERFECTING IN OR RELATING TO CLEANING ROLLS OF A DUPLICATOR MACHINE AS INK ROLLERS DUPLICATOR MACHINE AS INK ROLLERS
JPS5331728B2 (en) * 1973-08-31 1978-09-04
JPS5331729B2 (en) * 1973-09-28 1978-09-04

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61167922A (en) 1986-07-29

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