JPH067692B2 - 3D television system - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a three-dimensional television system, and particularly, utilizing a scanning line structure, very easily displays a three-dimensional television image that does not require spectacles for observation. It is something that can be done.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, a stereoscopic still image that can be observed without glasses is created by pasting a lenticular plate on a screen formed by a printing technique. An example of moving images is the method exhibited by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. at the World Science Fair "Tsukuba 85". This is a glasses-free three-dimensional (three-dimensional) television system realized by superimposing and projecting images from a plurality of (five) projectors onto a screen having a lenticular plate attached thereto.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in general, in order to form a stereoscopic image by a lenticular plate, it is necessary to arrange images from a plurality of viewpoints within each one lens pitch (one kamaboko lens). However, it was difficult to create images. In addition, even when the image is projected from a plurality of viewpoints by a plurality of projectors, the size of the device becomes large and the adjustment is difficult.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to use a scanning line structure used in a television or the like, and by adjusting the scanning line direction and the direction of the stripe structure of the lenticular plate, imaging and display can be easily and easily performed. It is to provide a three-dimensional television system that can be performed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve such an object, according to the present invention, a plurality of scanning lines of a television image in which one subject is imaged in multiple directions is provided with one lens of a lenticular plate. Try to fit on the pitch.

That is, according to the present invention, images from N viewpoints (N is a natural number) are sequentially displayed side by side on the same display surface at predetermined intervals in the horizontal direction, and are optically separated into N images by a lenticular plate. In the projected 3D television system, the lenticular plate is arranged so that the direction of its stripe structure is the same as the vertical direction in the television screen, and the scanning line is in the same vertical direction as the direction of the stripe structure of the lenticular plate. Is performed, and N scanning lines are arranged within one lens pitch of the lenticular plate.

[Operation] According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and easily display a plurality of video signals from corresponding scanning lines from a plurality of cameras on one display surface by adapting to one lens pitch of the lenticular plate. it can.

Embodiments Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a layout view showing an example of scanning line arrangement on the display surface of the present invention, (A) in FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the display surface, and (B).
Indicates the front of the display surface. In general, N (N is a natural number) cameras or VTRs are used to display images from N different viewpoints on the display surface of the display 6 (FIG. 2), so that the lenticular plate 100 does not require glasses. It realizes television. Here, the lenticular plate 100 is arranged so that the direction of its striped structure is the same as the direction of vertical scanning within the television screen (hereinafter referred to as the vertical direction). Therefore, the scanning lines are arranged in the same vertical direction as the stripe structure of the lenticular plate.

Scanning lines of images from _N cameras or so-called VTR CV _{1 to} CV _N (Fig. 2) are sequentially placed in the respective pitches (boiled lens) P, Q, R, S, etc. of the lenticular plate 100. The positions are staggered at equal intervals. In FIGS. 1 (A) and (B), for example, the scanning lines from the camera CV ₁ are P ₁ , Q ₁ , R ₁ , S
₁ ..., the scan lines from the camera CV ₂ are arranged as P ₂ , Q ₂ , R ₂ , S ₂ ..., and the scan lines from the camera CV _N are arranged as P _N , Q _N , R _N , S _N, etc.
In this way, images from N different viewpoints are displayed within the lens pitch of each lenticular plate 100, and the action of the lenticular plate 100 enables unnecessary stereoscopic viewing of glasses. In this case, the number of all scanning lines on the screen of the display surface shown in FIG. 1 is N times the number of scanning lines of one camera.

As a method of displaying such an image, a video signal of N viewpoints is simultaneously added in parallel to a CRT having N electron beams or a flat panel display having N terminals as one unit in parallel. There is a method of scanning the individual video signals collectively. In this method, the image of one camera is scanned while skipping N-1 lines.

On the other hand, in the case of a display having a one-channel video input system that is generally used, first, the TV image captured by the endmost camera is vertically scanned by N: 1 interlace scanning, and then, The TV image from the next camera is horizontally shifted by a fixed interval to perform N: 1 interlaced scanning. This process is repeated in the same way up to the TV image of the last camera, and each field is composed of images from N different viewpoints so that the scanning lines are arranged in the arrangement shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

In Fig. 2, CV _{1 to} CV _N are N cameras or VTRs.
(Video tape recorder), which outputs video signals from N different viewpoints, respectively.

AD _{1 to} AD _N are N A / D converters, which are cameras or VTs.
The video signals from R CV _{1 to} CV _N are respectively A / D converted.
F ₁₁ , F ₂₁ ... F _N1 and F ₁₂ , F ₂₂ ... F _N2 are 2N field memories, and the signals from the A / D converters AD _{1 to} AD _N are switched in units of fields and written alternately. Memorize DA ₁ to DA _N each D / A converter, SW ₁₁ ~SW _1N,
SW _{21 to} SW _2N and SW _o are switches.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a SW pulse generation circuit, which generates a pulse at a cycle of a field frequency F. Reference numeral 2 is a writing sample pulse generating circuit, which generates a pulse at a cycle of a sample frequency Fs.

Reference numeral 3 is a field frequency N multiplication circuit, 4 is a sample frequency N multiplication circuit, and 5 is a synchronizing signal generation circuit for the display 6.

The video signals from N TV cameras or VTR CV ₁ , CV ₂ ... CV _N that output N different viewpoint video signals are A / D.
A / D conversion is performed by converters AD ₁ and AD _{2 to} AD _N , and switch SW ₁₁ and
SW ₁₂ ... The sample pulse of the sample frequency Fs generated by the write sample pulse generator 2 via SW _1N ,
It is written in one of the field memories F ₁₁ , F _21, ... F _N1 .

Then, the switch SW _11, SW ₁₂ ... SW _1N is switched at a field frequency F generated by the SW pulse generating circuit 1, the video signal from the television camera or _{VTR CV 1, CV 2 ... CV} N Similarly writing The sample pulses of the sample frequency Fs generated by the sample generator 2 for writing are respectively written in the other field memories F ₁₂ , F ₂₂ ... F _N2 which form a pair.

At the time of reading, the switches SW ₂₁ , SW ₂₂ ... SW _2N are switched to the field memory on the opposite side, which is paired with the case of writing, and the video signal already written in the previous field has a sampling frequency N multiplication circuit. the sample frequency NF _S generated by 4, is read at N times the speed of the writing speed. These signals are switches provided on the output side.
The switching frequency NF generated by the field frequency N multiplication circuit 3 is controlled by SW _o , and N of the field frequency F is controlled.
It is switched at a double speed and read one after another.

N to the output side of the switch SW _o by doing so
A signal in which images from different viewpoints are arranged in time series is extracted and supplied to the display 6.

3 (A) and 3 (B) are waveform diagrams of an example of the synchronizing signal of the present invention, FIG. 3 (A) is a horizontal synchronizing (HD) signal, and FIG. 3 (B) is
A vertical synchronization (VD) _{signal, VD 1, VD 2 ... VD} N respectively correspond to the vertical synchronizing signal of the television camera or _{VTR CV 1, CV 2 ... CV} N.

The horizontal synchronizing signal for the display 6 is generated in the 1 / N cycle of the field cycle 1 / F of the input video signal. The vertical synchronizing signal V is generated in a cycle of V = 1 / (NMF), where M is the number of vertical scanning lines per field of the camera, and the vertical scanning signals P ₁ , P ₂ ... P _N shown in FIG. In order to maintain the intervals between the scanning lines, as shown in FIG. 3 (B), vertical synchronizing signals VD ₁ , VD _2, ... VD _N whose phases are shifted by V / N time intervals are continuously generated.

When the scanning line structure shown in FIG. 1 is realized by using the above method, each lens pitch P, Q, R, S of the lenticular plate 100 is
The scanning lines within each (chamber-shaped lens) are not presented at the same time, but are presented sequentially at time intervals that are the reciprocal of the field frequency. However, even in this case, the field frequency is appropriately increased, and the time for which all N lines are presented is 60 ms.
It has been clarified that the stereoscopic vision is possible as long as it is less than ec, as in the case of simultaneous presentation (Isono, Yasuda: Technical Report of the Institute of Television Engineers of Japan, VVI77-4,
(September 1986).

In the above, the case where N is an integer of 2 or more is mainly exemplified, but N may be 1. That is, when capturing a still image, only one camera is required, and the imaging output obtained by moving the one camera in the lateral direction is N
Each video input may be stored while switching to a separate memory.

[Advantages of the Invention] As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, by utilizing the scanning line structure used in a television or the like,
Images from a plurality of viewpoints can be easily arranged within the lens pitch according to the striped structure of the lenticular plate.

When scanning is performed by simultaneously adding multiple inputs to a CRT with multiple beams or a flat panel display with multiple terminals as one unit, the memory function is not required and the display is simple. be able to.

Further, in the case of a display having one system of video input which is generally used, the scanning line direction of the display is set to the same vertical direction as the direction of the stripe structure of the lenticular plate, and the video signals of a plurality of viewpoints are time-series signals. And the presentation time of the multi-view stereoscopic image in these fields is about 60 msec.
If so, it is possible to observe as a stereoscopic image by utilizing the visual property that stereoscopic vision is possible.

Furthermore, if a plurality of pixels are to be housed in each lens pitch of the lenticular plate by the normal horizontal scanning imaging method, it is necessary to switch and arrange N viewpoints for each pixel, so that the previous pixel of one field is arranged. When the number is T, the number of switching times in one field is N × T.

On the other hand, when N: 1 interlacing is performed in the present invention, it is not necessary to switch each pixel, and N screens can be switched between N fields. Therefore, the number of switching times is N.

For example, in the case of the television standard system, the total number of pixels T in one field is considered to be about 180,000. In this case,
In the former case, the number of times of switching between one field is 180,000 × N in order to be arranged in pixel units, whereas in the case of the present invention, the number of times of switching between N fields may be N times, which is a significant switching The number of times can be reduced.

In the present invention, it is necessary to change the horizontal and vertical scanning line structures used in a normal television or the like by 90 degrees, but this can be easily done in any television camera and display. . As a matter of course, the signal can be recorded in the conventional VTR as it is.

The method of the present invention can be easily applied to flat panel displays using liquid crystal, EL, plasma and the like, as well as conventional cathode ray tube displays and projection displays.

Further, the system of the present invention can be applied to all displays having a similar scanning line structure including a television.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing an example of scanning line arrangement on a display surface of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 (A) and (B) is a waveform diagram of the synchronizing signal in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention. 1 ... SW pulse generation circuit, 2 ... writing sample pulse generation circuit, 3 ... field frequency N multiplication circuit, 4 ... sample frequency N multiplication circuit, 5 ... display sync signal generation circuit, 6 ... display, 100 ... lenticular plate, CV ₁ ~CV _N ... camera _{(VTR), AD 1 ~AD N} ... A / D _{converter, F 11 ~F N1, F 12} ~F N2 ... field _{memory, DA 1 ~DA N ... D /} N conversion Switch, SW _{11 to} SW _1N , SW _{21 to} SW _2N , SW _o … switch.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Images from N viewpoints (N is a natural number) are laterally displayed at predetermined intervals side by side on the same display surface, and are optically separated into N images by a lenticular plate. In the three-dimensional television system to be projected, the lenticular plate is arranged so that the direction of its stripe structure is the same as the vertical direction in the television screen, and in the same vertical direction as the direction of the stripe structure of the lenticular plate. A three-dimensional television system in which scanning lines are scanned and N scanning lines are arranged within one lens pitch of the lenticular slope. 2. The three-dimensional television system according to claim 1, wherein video signals of N viewpoints are simultaneously added to a cathode ray tube display for generating N electron beams, and N video signals are displayed. A three-dimensional television system characterized by scanning as one unit. 3. A three-dimensional television system according to claim 1, wherein video signals of N viewpoints are simultaneously applied to a flat panel display in units of N terminals.
A three-dimensional television system characterized by scanning N video signals as one unit. 4. The three-dimensional television system according to claim 1, wherein the images from the N viewpoints are scanned in a scanning line period in the vertical direction and in a field period in the horizontal direction. The image signals thus extracted are once written in a storage device for a predetermined period of time, and the N image signals stored thereby are read out at a speed N times the writing speed, and the N signals thus read out. The three-dimensional television system is characterized in that each of the corresponding vertical scanning lines is sequentially extracted and arranged in N scanning lines arranged side by side on the time axis.