JPH0672818A - Method for controlling blight of lawn by mixed microorganisms and blight-controlling agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cure the blight of lawn and prevent the generation of blight on healthy lawn. CONSTITUTION:Blight of lawn can be prevented by treating lawn with a mixture of three kinds of microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces, the genus Corynebacterium and the genus Bacillus. The objective agent for controlling the blight of lawn is produced by using the above three kinds of microorganisms as active components.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for controlling a disease of moss and a disease controlling agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for controlling a disease of turf by causing a mixed solution of a culture solution obtained by liquid culturing microorganisms having a growth-inhibiting effect on the pathogens of turf to act on the turf.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Major pathogens that cause soil diseases in plants involve many factors such as Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Cylindrogladium, and Beauveria. In order to sterilize these pathogenic bacteria and suppress the damage, many bactericides, which are chemically synthetic pesticides, have been used so far, and a high control effect is obtained.
However, as a result of using these chemically synthesized pesticides,
Not only harmful pathogenic bacteria but also useful microorganisms are sterilized indiscriminately, which results in the imbalance of the microflora and further abnormal reproduction of harmful bacteria. In order to prevent this, the number of times the drug has been applied and the amount of the drug have been increased, or a stronger germicide has been used.

Such an increase in the amount of chemicals used not only increases the amount of residues in the soil, but also causes discharge to rivers and lakes, which has serious effects on the natural environment such as water pollution and disruption of microflora. In particular, recently, it has become a big social problem at golf courses in various places. A biological control method using microorganisms, which can avoid the problems caused by such chemically synthesized pesticides, has been studied since about 1960, and bacteria and filaments are used as antagonistic microorganisms that inhibit the growth of other microorganisms. Bacteria and actinomycetes are used.

In particular, many studies have been conducted on Trichoderma bacterium, gliocladium bacterium, picium bacterium, and penicillium bacterium ("Agricultural useful microorganisms", pp. 96-107, 1990).
Year). And control of white silkworm disease using Trichoderma bacterium and control of root carcinoma disease using production substances such as antibiotics released by Agrobacterium or Rhizoctonia solani using the production substance of Pseudomonas bacterium Pest control examples are known. In addition, mixing Trichoderma bacillus with other antibacterial bacteria, and Trichoderma hamatum
Trichoderma hamatum on Enterobacter shioase
It was also reported that Enterobacter cioacea and other mixed use were effective ("Agriculturally useful microorganisms", page 105, 1
990). However, many of these are in the research stage, and it can be said that there are almost no practical cases.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] When controlling the growth of pathogenic microorganisms by microorganisms to control diseases,
Even if it is an antagonistic bacterium, it is difficult to control the disease even if a single type or a mixture of a few types is simply applied to a place where many pathogenic bacteria propagate. Met. This is because many kinds and many kinds of microorganisms compete in the actual soil and mutually influence each other through their antagonistic effects, thereby forming a microflora while maintaining a balance.

[0006] The disease of turfgrass is often caused by a plurality of types of Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis, Helmintosporium and higher fungi and other microorganisms. It seems that few of them are infected with fungi. It is difficult to effectively control the disease caused by plural kinds of microorganisms even if only one kind of microorganism is treated.

From the above facts, it is expected that it is effective to mix and use specific microorganisms that mutually act on their proliferation and exert a stable antibacterial effect.
The present invention controls a disease of mosquitoes by a mixed microorganism in which microorganisms having such a specific relationship are combined, and furthermore, a method of controlling a disease of mosquitoes and a disease controlling agent which solves some problems caused by a chemically synthesized pesticide. To provide.

[0008]

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors have found that several kinds of microorganisms exhibiting an activity of suppressing the growth of pathogens of turf are proliferated stably in a system in which these microorganisms are mixed. As a result of investigating a combination that suppresses the growth of the pathogens of Shiva and shows the disease control effect of Shiva, it belongs to the genus Streptomyces which is an actinomycete and the microorganisms which belong to the genus Corynebacterium which is a bacterium, and the genus Bacillus. The present invention has been completed by finding that a system in combination with a microorganism is effective.

That is, the method for controlling the disease of mosquitoes by the mixed microorganisms of the present invention comprises microorganisms belonging to the genus Streptomyces, microorganisms belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, and microorganisms belonging to the genus Bacillus, and is effective against pathogens of mosquitoes. It is characterized in that a mixed microorganism having an action is caused to act on shiba, and each of the three kinds of microorganisms is Streptomyces sp. OJ-A3 (Microtechnology Research Institute
No. 12133), Corynebacterium genus OJ-B3 (Microtechnological Research Institute No. 12082), and Bacillus genus OJ-B4 (Microtechnical Research No. 12134).

Further, the disease control of turfgrass of the present invention comprises a microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces, a microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium, and a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus, and having a antagonism against the pathogens of turf. Microorganisms are used as an active ingredient, and the three types of microorganisms are similarly Streptomyces sp. OJ-A3 (Microtechnical Laboratory No. 12133), Corynebacterium sp. OJ-B3 (micro Koken Bakkai 12082) and Bacillus genus OJ-B4 (Mikken Kobaku No. 12134).

These three kinds of microorganisms were collected from the soil of a red pine forest in Okayama Prefecture. The mycological properties of the three types of microorganisms, OJ-A3, OJ-B3, and OJ-B4, are shown in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3, respectively.

[0012]

[Table 1]

[0013]

[Table 2]

[0014]

[Table 3]

Hereinafter, as three kinds of microorganisms, the above-mentioned Streptomyces sp. OJ-A3 and Corynebacterium sp. OJ-
The present invention will be described in more detail based on the case of using B3 and Bacillus OJ-B4. Mixed microorganisms The above-mentioned OJ-A3, OJ-B3 and OJ-B4, which constitute the mixed microorganisms, all exhibit a growth inhibitory effect against pathogens of turfgrass. Method for producing a culture solution containing a mixed microorganism A culture solution containing a mixed microorganism used for disease control of Shiba (hereinafter referred to as a mixed microorganism solution) of the present invention is obtained by mixing a culture solution obtained by liquid-culturing the microorganism. . It is created as follows.

First, each microorganism is grown by shaking culture using a liquid medium. Then, after diluting each culture solution 10 to 50 times, an equal amount of each culture solution is used as a stock solution of a mixed microbial solution. In this case, the liquid medium to be used is not particularly limited, and any medium can be used as long as the microorganism can grow, but it is preferable from the viewpoint of workability to use a medium that can be commonly used for all the microorganisms.
Examples of such a medium include actinomycete culture medium for producing antibiotics, peptone / yeast extract medium, meat extract medium, gelatin meat extract medium and the like.

Further, the culture conditions, that is, the number of times of shaking, the culture temperature, the culture time, etc., may be appropriately selected so as to be suitable for the growth of individual microorganisms. Usually, shaking frequency 10-40 rpm, culture temperature
The culture may be performed under the conditions of 20 to 35 ° C. and the culture time of 2 to 7 days. Disease control method of Shiba by mixed microbial solution As the disease of Shiba to be controlled in the present invention, soil pathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia, Fusarium, Pythium, Cylindrocladium, Botrytis, and leaf blight All diseases caused by the pathogenic fungi Helmintosporium and higher fungi, such as large patch, brown patch, psytum bright, spring baldness (rhizoctoniosis and psycosis), red blight, red snow rot In addition to diseases, leaf blight, fairy rings, etc.

With respect to these diseases, the stock solution of the mixed microbial solution described above is diluted 300 to 500 times with fresh water to obtain a treatment solution,
This is sprayed or irrigated at a rate of 100 to 500 ml / m ² . It should be noted that such a treatment for shiba is not limited to the case where the disease has already developed, and it is also possible to prevent it by treating it in advance before the disease occurs.

[0019]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described more specifically by way of examples.

[0020]

Example 1 Assay of Interaction of Microorganisms Constituting Mixed Microorganisms Actinomycete culture medium for producing antibiotics (agar medium, Table 4)
The mixture was sterilized in an autoclave at 20 ° C. for 20 minutes, and 20 ml was poured into a petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm. Here, O cultured in the same medium
J-A3 and OJ-B3 were punched out with a cork borer to a diameter of 7 mm and inoculated, followed by incubating for 20 days in an incubator adjusted to 25 ° C.

[0021]

[Table 4]

As shown in FIG. 1, OJ-A3 slightly proliferated and the diameter of the colony became large, but OJ-B3 did not proliferate and the diameter of the colony was as inoculated. It remained. Further, in the relationship between OJ-A3 and OJ-B4, OJ-A3 proliferated, but OJ-B4 did not proliferate. Furthermore, in the relationship between OJ-B3 and OJ-B4, OJ-B4 proliferated but OJ-B3 did not proliferate. Relationship between the microorganisms that make up the mixed microorganisms and the pathogens of Shiva at 120 ° C with the actinomycete culture medium (agar medium) for antibiotics production.
It was sterilized by an autoclave for 20 minutes, and 20 ml was poured into a petri dish having a diameter of 9 cm. Here, OJ-A3, OJ-B3, and OJ constituting a mixed microorganism that has been cultured in the same medium
Each of -B4 and each pathogen to be assayed, which had been cultivated in potato dextrose medium (agar medium, Table 5), were punched out with a cork borer to a size of 7 mm and inoculated. Then, the culture was carried out in an incubator adjusted to 25 ° C. for 20 days.

[0023]

[Table 5]

The pathogens to be tested are soil pathogens Rhyzoctonia sola.
ni, Fusarium oxysporum,
Fusarium solani, Pyti
um sp., Cylindorocladium s
p., Botrytis cinerea, and Helmintosp, a leaf-killing pathogen
orium sp.

According to the result of the above confrontation culture (FIG. 1), the growth of all the pathogenic bacteria tested was suppressed, but the respective microorganisms constituting the mixed microorganisms grew. Especially OJ
-B3 had a remarkable effect of suppressing the growth of pathogenic bacteria.
As described above, the three kinds of mixed microorganisms mutually influence the growth, while suppressing the growth of many kinds of pathogens of turfgrass. Preparation of mixed microbial solution OJ-A3, OJ-B3 and O constituting a mixed microbial
Each of J-B4 was inoculated into an actinomycete culture medium (agar medium) for producing antibiotics, and cultured at 25 ° C for 15 days to give a bacterium. Next, each of the protozoa was inoculated into an actinomycete culture medium (liquid medium) for antibiotics diluted 8-fold and cultured at 25 ° C. for 5 days with shaking.

After culturing, after diluting each culture solution 40 times,
Equal amounts were mixed to prepare a stock solution of a mixed microbial solution. Assay of the effect of mixed microorganisms on pathogens of Shiba: The stock solution of mixed microorganism solution was further diluted 400-fold and
50 ml was dispensed into 100 ml triangular Kolben. Here, colonies of each pathogen cultivated in potato dextrose medium (agar medium) were punched out with a cork borer to a size of 7 mm to inoculate, and statically cultivated in an incubator adjusted to 25 ° C. We investigated changes in pod color.

The pathogenic bacteria to be tested are:
It was the same as that used in the test for the relationship between each microorganism constituting the mixed microorganism and the pathogen of Shiva. As a result, Fusarium solani, Beauveria, Pythium, Botrytis
It showed a high inhibitory effect on cinerea, and the colony became dark brown and decomposed into pieces. Also Rhizoctonia
A certain degree of growth inhibitory effect was also observed against Solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Cylindrocladium bacterium and Helmintosporium bacterium.

[0028]

[Example 2] The effect of the mixed microorganisms of the present invention for controlling the mosquito disease was confirmed by treating the mosquito which was inoculated with a pathogenic bacterium and infected. Location and timing of the test The experiment was conducted in 1990 at an experimental field of the Kameyama Laboratory, Forest Tree Breeding Research Institute, Forest Material Division, Oji Paper Co., Ltd., located in Nobino-cho, Kameyama City, Mie Prefecture. Test Shiva There were four kinds of Shiva that were tested : Korai Shiba, Hime Korai Shiba, Noshiba, and Bentgrass Pencils. Then, only the bentgrass and pen cloths were sown and cultivated in a unglazed No. 10 pot (diameter: 30 cm) containing clean mountain soil with a small number of microorganisms, but the other turf was planted and cultivated in the pot. Inoculation of pathogenic bacteria to be controlled In order to confirm the effect of mixed microorganisms, vermiculite and bran were mixed at 10: 1 (volume ratio) at 25 ° C.
Each of the lawns was inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium devarianum, and Hermintosporium that had been cultivated for 30 days to cause the disease. In addition, regarding Fairy Rings that was infected by higher fungi, it was inoculated by inoculating it by embedding the shiva from the diseased part that was dug into the trained shiva.

In addition, those infected with Helmintosporium bacterium, which is leaf-killing, were tested at a place apart from others in order to prevent infection to others. Preparation of Treatment Solution of Mixed Microbial Solution A stock solution of mixed microbial solution was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1,
This was diluted 400 times with tap water to obtain a treatment liquid. Method of Treatment In early June, when 5 types of disease were confirmed to be infected with each of 4 types of shiva, the treated solution of the mixed microbial solution was treated with a manual sprayer at a rate of 200 ml / m ² . In order to compare the effects of the mixed microorganisms, the untreated one and the triclophosmethyl-based chemical, which is a commercially available chemical synthetic pesticide, are diluted to 1000 times, which is the usual concentration, and treated. In addition,
The number of repetitions of these treatments was 3 times. Results At the beginning of July, 30 days after the treatment, the recovery state of the diseased turf was compared with the control effect of the commercially available chemically-synthesized pesticide used as a target. This result is as shown in Table 6,
The mixed microorganisms according to the present invention showed almost no difference from those treated with the chemical pesticides in the target area, or in some cases, showed a higher control effect than the chemically synthesized pesticides.

[0030]

[Table 6]

[0031]

[Example 3] In order to clarify the preventive effect of the mixed microorganisms of the present invention against the mosquito disease, the pathogens were inoculated into the shiba that had been treated with the mixed microorganisms in advance, and the presence or absence of disease was examined. Test location Same as in Example 2. This is the same as the test shiba Example 2. Preparation of Treatment Solution of Mixed Microbial Solution Same as in Example 1. Timing and Method of Treatment In September 1989, in the same manner as in Example 2, the treated solution of the mixed microorganisms and the triclophosmethyl-based agent were used to treat the turfgrass. Inoculation of pathogens In the beginning of May 1990, the pathogens were inoculated into the grass in the same manner as in Example 2. Results Two months after the inoculation of the pathogenic bacteria, the presence or absence of the disease was investigated in early July. As a result, no disease was found in the group treated with the mixed microorganisms, whereas disease was observed in the group treated with the triclofos-methyl drug and the untreated group.

From these results, it was revealed that the mixed microorganism of the present invention has a disease preventive effect.

[0033]

[Example 4] The effect of the mixed microorganisms of the present invention for controlling shiba disease was confirmed at a golf course in Mie prefecture where large patches frequently occur every year from the end of April to the end of July. In early May 1989, it was confirmed that a large patch was infected with Korushishiba, and the mixed microbial treatment liquid prepared in the same manner as in Example 2 at a rate of 200 ml / m ² was treated with a manual sprayer. The expansion of the damaged area stopped about 10 days after the treatment, and the lawn was recovered from about the 20th day, and after 30 days, the traces of the illness had recovered to a level that was hardly noticeable, and a year and 6 months later. No recurrence was observed within the dispersal area even after the passage.

Further, a large patch generated in autumn was treated with the mixed microbial solution in the beginning of October by the same method. As a result, the spread of damage stopped after 30 days from the treatment, but after that, the activity of pathogenic bacteria became the end period as the temperature decreased and it was difficult to judge the effect. However, the disease did not appear even in the spring of the following year, and the treatment of the mixed microbial solution was effective.

[0035]

[Example 5] At this golf course in Mie prefecture, erythema blisters frequently occur every year on the main course. In late March 1989, the onset of the disease was confirmed in Korushiiba, and Example 4
The mixed microbial solution was treated in the same manner as in. As a result,
The traces of the diseased part disappeared 60 days after the treatment, and this state continued thereafter. And the next year, no disease was seen.

[0036]

[Example 6] A Noseba that develops a large patch every year and a bentgrass pencloth that develops a red sickness every year in 1989
The mixed microbial solution similar to that of Example 5 was irrigated with Joro in a month. As a result, the onset of these diseases was not confirmed not only in the year of treatment but also in the following year. From this result, it became clear that the mixed microorganism of the present invention also has a disease preventive effect.

[0037]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a new method for controlling the disease of shiva, which is an alternative to the method for controlling the disease of shiva using a chemically synthesized pesticide, which has been pointed out to have problems such as environmental pollution, and a disease controlling agent for shiva used therefor, It is extremely useful in industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a mutual relationship between a mixed microorganism and a pathogenic bacterium.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Internal reference number FI technical display location C12R 1:07) (72) Inventor Masaru Shibata 24-9 Nozono-cho, Kameyama-shi, Mie Oji Paper Co., Ltd. Forest tree breeding research institute Kameyama laboratory

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces,
A method for controlling a disease of a mosquito, which comprises a microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium and a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus and having a mixed microorganism having an antagonistic action against the pathogens of the mosquito acting on the mosquito. 2. A microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces,
The microorganisms belonging to the genus Corynebacterium and the microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus are Streptomyces sp.
These are J-A3 (Microtechnological Research Institute No. 12133), Corynebacterium genus OJ-B3 (Microtechnical Research Agent No. 12082), and Bacillus genus OJ-B4 (Microtechnical Research Host No. 12134). A method for controlling a disease of a turfgrass by a mixed microorganism characterized by the following: 3. A microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces,
An agent for controlling a disease of a mosquito, which comprises a microorganism belonging to the genus Corynebacterium and a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus, and having a mixed microorganism having an antagonistic action against the pathogen of the mosquito as an active ingredient. 4. A microorganism belonging to the genus Streptomyces,
The microorganisms belonging to the genus Corynebacterium and the microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus are Streptomyces sp.
These are J-A3 (Microtechnological Research Institute No. 12133), Corynebacterium genus OJ-B3 (Microtechnical Research Agent No. 12082), and Bacillus genus OJ-B4 (Microtechnical Research Host No. 12134). A disease control agent for shiba, which is characterized in that