JPH0671906B2 - Assembly method of car body - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for assembling an automobile body, and more particularly to an assembling method in a body main assembly process.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 21, an assembly of a body main 1 includes a floor main 2, a body side 3, an air box (coulter panel) 4, a front roof rail 5, a rear roof rail 6 and a rear panel 7, a rear waist 8, and the like. This is done for each part. Since it is difficult to assemble all of these parts at once, for example, the body main line shown in FIG. 22 is divided into several steps (Automotive Engineering Complete Volume 19, “Manufacturing Method of Automobile” (Sho 55.4). .20), Sankaidou, pp.179-181).

More specifically, on the stage S ₁ , the floor main 2 is put into the line by a drop lifter, etc.
Are sequentially conveyed to the next step by a brain shuttle conveyor or the like. Then, the rear panel 7 is loaded on the stage S ₂ , the body side 3 is loaded on the stage S ₃ by the drop lifter, and the rear waist 8 and the air box 4 are loaded by the loader. After stage S each part of which is turned up ₃ with parts mutual positional accuracy out by Fuikusuchiya stage S ₃ is performed, it is welded by a multi-welding machine, welding robot or the like.

Furthermore, after passing through the stages S ₄ and S ₅ of idle or extra hit, the front roof 5 and the rear roof rail 6 are respectively loaded by the loader on the stage S ₆ , and the mutual precision of the parts is obtained similarly to the stage S ₃ . It will be welded later. Stage S ₇ ~S ₉ is a stage S of idle or increase beating. Roof panel 9 is welded is turned on by the loader in stage S _10. Body Main 1 assembled as above is Stage S
_{In 13} , it is carried out by the drop lifter and carried to the next metal process.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Among the above-mentioned stages, the stage is
Although for the S ₃ is very important stage in the sense of determining the accuracy of the skeleton of the vehicle, so that the Dorotsupurifuta and loader acids from a plurality of components from multiple directions is turned are concentrated. For this reason, the entire stage is complicated in combination with the welding equipment such as the fixture and welding robot that control the positioning of the body main components, and the working range of the fixture and welding robot is significantly restricted, and the versatility of the line is reduced. It will be.

In addition, it is very difficult to insert the front roof rail and the rear roof rail under the complicated situation as described above, and therefore, the front roof rail and the rear roof rail are mounted on the stage S ₆ which is different from the stage S _3. I have to do it. Therefore, welding process body main assembly accuracy is determined that the stage S ₃
Since it is divided into two processes of S ₆ , it is not possible to expect a significant improvement in assembly accuracy.

Means and Actions for Solving the Problems The present invention replaces the conventional method and the viewpoint, and each component such as a body main component such as floor main, body side, air box, front roof rail, rear roof rail, rear panel, and rear waist. By temporarily assembling each other in advance to make a body assembly in a temporarily assembled state, and by inserting this body main into a predetermined jig, it is possible to weld the body main component parts in one process. It is provided.

Specifically, among the body main components, the floor main and the body side are suspended and supported by an overhead type hanger, and the remaining parts of the body main component are assembled to the floor main and the body side. By bending the flange portion formed at the end of the required part of the main constituent parts, each body main constituent part is joined to the counterpart part to assemble the body main body in the temporary assembly state.

The flanges are preformed only for temporary assembly of the body mains, and thus lose their function after the body main components are welded together in a later step.

In the above-described temporarily assembled body, the relative positional relationship between the components is merely associated with the flange portion, and the relative positional accuracy between the components is incomplete.

Then, the temporarily assembled body main is put into a predetermined jig together with the hanger, and the body main constituent parts are subjected to precision to weld the body main constituent parts to each other.
This process corresponds to the conventional stage S ₃ (Fig. 22). Therefore, the above welding means welding in which relative positional accuracy between the body main components does not deteriorate, and in the subsequent process. Extra hits are made.

Embodiment FIGS. 1 to 20 are views showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show a temporary assembling step for temporarily assembling body main constituent parts, and FIG. FIG. 19 and FIG. 19 show an assembling process in which the body main body, which has been temporarily assembled, is subjected to precision and welded.

Regarding the temporary assembly process, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is an overhead type hanger, that is, a monorail type hanger 10, which circulates between the temporary assembly process and an assembly process described later. A conveyor 11 for floor main transportation is located at. The hanger 10 is equipped with an electric motor 12 as a travel drive source,
Self-propelled along line 13. 14 is a running roller.

A plurality of power type hook mechanisms 15, 16, 17 are attached to the hanger 10. These hook mechanisms 15, 16 and 17 are for suspending and supporting the floor main 2 or the body side 3, and the hook mechanism 15 includes a direct-acting actuator 18 and a pair of hook levers 19 and 19 as shown in FIG. This is a combination with locating pin 20. Therefore, the hook lever 19 engages with the mounting hole 22 of the front strut housing 21 of the floor main 2 to suspend and support the floor main 2.

The other hook mechanisms 16 and 17 are a combination of a direct-acting actuator 23 and hook levers 24 and 25 having a toggle mechanism as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and the hook lever 24 is a body side 3 While engaging the side roof rails to suspend and support the entire body side, the hook lever 25 engages with the rear floor member to suspend and support the floor main 2 together with the hook lever 19.

As a procedure in the assembly process, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is lifted up by a floor-mounted lifter (not shown), and then hook mechanisms 15 and 17 are operated to suspend and support the floor main 2 on the hanger 10. Next, the left and right body sides 3 are suspended and supported by the hook mechanism 16 of the hanger 10 to perform rough relative positioning between the floor main 2 and the body side 3.

Then, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 (A), (B), (C), and (D), a plurality of flange portions 26, which are non-product portions, are previously formed at the ends of the floor main 2 and the body side 3. After being formed, the floor main 2 and the body side 3 are positioned as described above, and then each flange portion 26 is bent with respect to the mating component to temporarily assemble them. Flange part here 26
The connection by does not require high precision, and it is enough to temporarily assemble the floor main 2 and the body side 3 so that they do not fall off (hereinafter the same).

In addition, in this embodiment, when the floor main 2 is supported by the hanger 10, the floor main 2 is lifted up by using a lifter, but instead of this method, the hanger is used.
A method of lowering the rail 10 together with a part of the rail 13 may be adopted.

After the floor main 2 and the body side 3 are temporarily assembled as described above, the remaining parts of the body main constituent parts, that is, the air box 4, the front roof rail 5, the rear are further attached to the floor main 2 and the body side 3. Roof rail 6, rear waist 8 and rear panel 7
To set each. Then, similarly to the above, the flange portion formed in advance on each component is bent and coupled to the mating panel.

That is, the air box 4 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in the figure, after inserting the groove 27 on the air box 4 side into the flange portion 26 formed on the dummy side portion on the body side 3 side, the flange portion 26 is bent.

As for the front roof rail 5 and the rear roof rail 6, as shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13, a flange portion formed on the pillar portion on the body side 3 side.
Insert 26 into the groove 27 on the roof rail 5 side and bend it.

As for the rear waist 8, as shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the flange portion 26 formed on the rear fender portion on the body side 3 side is folded and connected to the rear waist 8 side.

Also, the rear panel 7 is shown in FIG. 16 and FIG.
As shown in (A) and (B), the flange portions 26 formed on both the rear front end portion of the body side 3 and the rear panel 7 are respectively folded into the mating parts to join them.

By the above, all the body main components are temporarily assembled,
Body main 1 in a temporarily assembled state is completed.

Since the body main body 1 in the temporarily assembled state is still supported by the hanger 10, it is transported together with the hanger 10 to the next assembly step, that is, just above the assembly jig 28 shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. The part 13a of the rail 13 is separated by the drop lifter 29 and descends as it is, so that the body main 1 in the temporarily assembled state supported by the hanger 10 is transferred to the lifter 30 in the assembly jig 28. Wait for the body main 1 to be transferred to the lifter 30 and the fixture to be described later to position the body main, and then the hanger.
The hook mechanisms 15, 16 and 17 (FIGS. 3 to 5) of 10 respectively open to release the body main 1 and the hanger 10 returns to the previous temporary assembly process.

As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the assembly jig 28 is provided with a lifter 30, a slide back 32 having a fixture 31 and a multi-welding machine, and a welding robot 33 for controlling floor-related welding. . Incidentally, the slide back 32 can be adapted to a plurality of vehicle types by reversing the front and back of the frame 34 about the point P.

When the lifter 30 receives the temporarily assembled body main 1 from the hanger 10 at its upper limit position, a clamp mechanism (not shown) attached to the lifter 30 positions and clamps the body main 1.

Then, the slide back 32 moves forward, and final positional accuracy is obtained between the body main component parts temporarily assembled by the flange bending means. After this, a multi-welding machine (not shown) and a welding robot 33 are operated to spot-weld the body-main constituent parts. When this welding is completed, the flange portion 26 described above loses its function.

When welding is completed, the slide backs 32 retreat,
Further, when the lifter 30 moves down, it is transferred to the shuttle bar 35 of the plain shuttle conveyor. Then, the floor main 2 is sequentially conveyed by the movement of the shuttle bar 35 to the intensifying stages S ₂₀ , S ₃₀ of FIG. 18 to be additionally intensified, and after the additional intensification, a roof panel (not shown) is attached.

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, body main components such as floor mains and body sides are temporarily assembled to each other by flange processing, and the body mains that have been attached and assembled are used as a mother body during temporary assembly. The whole hanger is put into a predetermined jig and welded.

Therefore, in the assembly process by welding, it is not necessary to insert new parts, and thus various loaders as in the past are not required, and it is possible to avoid complication of equipment. In addition, as a result of the simple structure of the equipment, it is possible to secure a large operating range of the welding equipment such as the welding robot as well as the fixture, and the versatility of these equipment is improved.

In addition, assembling front roof rails and rear roof rails, which were conventionally performed in separate processes, is also performed in one process, so the precision-adjustment process, which was divided into two processes in the past, can be combined into one process. Improvement in accuracy can be expected.

Further, in the above-described welding process (process with the assembly jig 28), it is possible to secure a relatively large number of welding points on the lower side of the work in order to obtain the accuracy of the body main, and to accurately position the work with the assembly jig 28. In addition, the following two conditions are required: good body-main attitude at the time of loading. With respect to these requirements, according to the present invention, since the introduction by the hanger is adopted, the above condition can be achieved without any problem.

That is, the body main is hung on the upper side on the hanger, and there are no obstacles such as spot guns and clampers on the lower side. By increasing the number of spot guns and clampers, etc., the lower side can be welded intensively. This is because each main component panel can maintain its posture by gravity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, an explanatory diagram of a temporary assembly process, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a hanger in the temporary assembly process, and a third diagram.
Figures, 4 and 5 are explanatory views of the hook mechanism of the hanger, and Figures 6 and 7 (A), (B), (C), and (D) show the relationship between the floor main and the body side. FIGS. 8 and 9 are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the body side and the air box, FIGS. 10 and 11 are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the body side and the front roof rail, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13
The figure shows the relationship between the body side and the rear roof rail. Figures 14 and 15 show the relationship between the body side and the rear waist. Figures 16 and 17 (A), (B)
Is an explanatory view showing the relationship between the body side and the rear panel,
18 is an explanatory view of the assembly process, FIG. 19 is a right side view of FIG. 18,
FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 19, FIG. 21 is an exploded view of a body main, and FIG. 22 is an explanatory view of a conventional assembly process. 1 …… Body main, 2 …… Floor main, 3 …… Body side, 10 …… Hanger, 26 …… Flange part, 28 ……
Assembly jig, 33 ... Welding robot.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method of assembling a body main, which is a skeleton of an automobile body, wherein a floor main and a body side of the parts constituting the body main are suspended and supported by an overhead type hanger, and the floor main and the body are supported. Assemble the remaining parts of the body main component to the side and bend each flange part formed at the end of the required part of the body main component to make each body main component a mating part. The process of connecting and temporarily assembling the body main, and the temporarily assembled body main is put into a predetermined jig together with the hanger, and the body main component parts are subjected to accuracy to each other so that the body main component parts are connected to each other. A method of assembling an automobile body, comprising the step of welding.