JPH0670478A - Method for charging battery by spike-like wave and apparatus thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prolong a life time of a battery, making its charging in a short time possible, by modulating a DC power supply so as to output a spike-like wave voltage, and by resonating the electrolytic liquid of the battery through applying an abrupt spike-like current to it, and further, by activating the electrolyte ions forcedly through the effect of this resonant oscillation. CONSTITUTION:When switching off an electronic switch S1, a capacitor C2 is charged by the output voltage of a main power supply 1. Also, a capacitor C1 is charged by the main power supply 1 and an auxiliary power supply 2 via a diode D2 and a resistor R1. In this state, when switching on the electronic switch 1, a spike-like voltage is applied to a battery B1. 'Therefore, an abrupt spike-like current is given to the electrolytic liquid of the battery B1, and the electrolytic liquid is oscillated resonantly. By this resonant oscillation, electrolyte ions are activated forcedly, and a large amount of ion is absorbed by the electrode of the battery B1, and in its turn, the charging current of the battery B1 flows easily. Thereby, the battery B1 can be charged in a short time.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging method for a storage battery, and more particularly to an improvement in rapid charging, which can be expected to have a great effect when applied to a lead storage battery.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for charging a sealed storage battery,
There are methods such as constant voltage constant current charging and quasi-constant voltage charging with final constant voltage, but it takes a considerably long charging time to reach full charge, and with a general charging method, the charge gradually becomes insufficient during use. However, it is not preferable in terms of life. Therefore, in order to improve such a problem, as a method of charging a sealed storage battery, at the final stage of charging, a time proportional to the sum of the constant current charging time in the initial charging and the constant voltage charging time in the middle period, the battery capacity There is one that performs constant current charging with a battery value of about 1%. However, in the rapid charging method using a constant current, a water electrolysis reaction occurs due to the large current density of the storage battery, and oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are generated. Since the generation of such gas lowers the charging efficiency, it is necessary to recombine these gases and return them to water. Generally, hydrogen gas is neutral,
When this adheres to the electrode plate, it acts to suppress the flow of current.

Therefore, in order to improve this, there is a method in which charging is performed by a constant current having a pulse-shaped rectangular wave in which both energization time and rest time are 1 second or less. That is, since this charging method involves a down time, the gas generation is reduced as compared with the case of continuous charging. However, it is difficult to sufficiently suppress the gas generated during charging because the pulsed rectangular wave in the charging method has a relatively large interval both in the energization time and the stop time.

Further, when the storage battery is charged, it is uniformly charged while measuring the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution, and when the specific gravity of the electrolytic solution reaches a predetermined value, the uniform charging is stopped and floated instead. There is something to charge. This charging method is very effective when the storage battery is deeply discharged, but on the other hand, it requires another device such as an electrolytic solution specific gravity measuring device, which inevitably complicates the charging device as a whole. .

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional charging method, the hydrogen gas generated during charging adheres to the electrode plate, which suppresses the flow of current, and thus the charging takes more time. There was a problem. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide a charging method and a device thereof that can be charged in a short time and can extend the life of a storage battery.

[0006]

A DC power supply is modulated into a spike wave, and a sudden spike current is applied to an electrolytic solution to cause resonant oscillation, and electrolyte ions are forcibly activated by this resonant oscillation effect.

[0007]

The electrolyte ions are forcibly activated by the sudden application of the spike current, and a large amount of ions are absorbed by the electrode plate, so that the current easily flows.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. That is, in FIG. 1, the main power source 1 is a variable power source, and is set in a predetermined range, for example, 10 [V] to 30 [V]. In addition, this main power source is a DC power source of 50 [HZ] to 1
Modulate to spike wave of [KHZ]. The positive terminal of this main power supply has a first diode D1 and an electronic switch S
The storage battery B1 is connected via 1. An auxiliary power supply 2 is connected to the main power supply 1 in series. The output voltage of this auxiliary power source is fixed and is selected, for example, between 50 and 100 [V]. A second diode D2, a resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1 are connected to this auxiliary power supply, and the connection point between the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 is the diode D.
1 and the electronic switch S1. Further, the positive terminal of the capacitor C2 is connected to the connection point between the negative terminal of the capacitor C1 and the anode of the diode D1, and the negative terminal of this capacitor is connected to the negative terminal of the main power supply 1. That is, the capacitor C2 is connected between the terminals of the main power supply 1.

The main power supply 1 is composed of a power supply having a program control circuit shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 2, the filter 11, the rectifier 12, the switching element 13, the transformer 14, the high frequency rectifier 15, and the current detector 16 are sequentially connected to the input terminals P1 and P2, and reach the DC output terminals P3 and P4. On the other hand, an isolator 17, a pulse converter 18, and a program control circuit 19 are sequentially connected to the output end of the switching element 13, and this output end reaches the current detector 16 and the DC output terminals P3 and P4. The program control circuit 19 has a constant voltage circuit, a constant current circuit, a no-load maximum voltage setting circuit, and an automatic voltage drop circuit for detecting the maximum charging voltage value and automatically lowering it to the minimum charging voltage.

In FIG. 2, AC 100 [V] or 200 [V] is applied to the input terminals P1 and P2. This voltage passes through the filter 11 and is rectified by the rectifier 12,
Further, the voltage is stepped down by the transformer 14 via the switching element 13, input to the high frequency rectifier 15, and output to the output terminals P3 and P4 via the current detector. On the other hand, P3
The voltage output to P4 is detected, the current is detected by the current detector 16, and the current is input to the program control circuit 19. The program control circuit 19 combines the current signal and the voltage signal and inputs them to the pulse conversion circuit 18. This pulse conversion circuit 18 causes a switching frequency of 20 KHz to 3
Converted to 0 KHz. The pulse width is changed according to the magnitude of the input signal of the program control circuit 19, and the switching element is driven through the isolator 17 to be converted into high frequency power. The electric power is the transformer 14, the high frequency rectifier 15,
The electric power controlled through the current detector 16 outputs the output terminal P3.
It is output to P4.

In the circuit of FIG. 1, when the electronic switch S1 is off, the output voltage of the main power supply 1 causes the capacitor C2
Is charged. The main power supply 1 and the auxiliary power supply 2 charge the capacitor C1 through the diode D2 and the resistor R1. That is, the terminal voltage of the capacitor C1 is almost the terminal voltage of the auxiliary power supply 2, and the terminal voltage of the capacitor C2 is almost held at the terminal voltage of the main power supply 1. When the electronic switch S1 is closed in this state, a spike voltage of 50 [Hz] to 1 [KHz] is applied to the storage battery B1 as shown in FIG. The spike width of the spike voltage is determined by the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 and is, for example, several tens [μSec]. As a result, a spike current flows in the storage battery B1.

Therefore, a sharp spike current, for example, a spike current of 3 to 4 times the average value is applied to the electrolytic solution of the storage battery B1, whereby the electrolytic solution resonates and the electrolyte ions are forced by the resonant vibration. Is activated to cause a large amount of ions to be absorbed by the electrode plate, so that the charging current can easily flow. That is, the spike current instantly generates a large amount of negative ions, makes the electrode plate absorb more, activates hydrogen molecules having spins in the same direction, and facilitates conduction. The gas generated thereby is forcibly suppressed.

When the terminal voltage of the capacitor C1 drops, the main power source 1, that is, the capacitor C2 to the diode D
A voltage is applied to the storage battery B1 through 1 to continue charging.

During charging, the charging current is detected by the current detector 16, and at the same time the terminal voltage of the storage battery B is automatically detected.
The charging voltage is automatically controlled and automatically lowered with 6 [V] as the maximum value. Further, the constant voltage circuit and the constant current circuit of the program control circuit 19 prevent the temperature of the electrolytic solution from rising excessively. Further, the program control circuit 19 sets the voltage of the main power source at no load to 30 [V] in the case of a 12 [V] rated storage battery.
Further, the average value of the charging current can be set to 1 hour rate to 10 hour rate. In this case, the charging voltage is automatically set by the internal resistance of the storage battery B1. That is, when the internal resistance of the storage battery B1 is low, for example, in the case of a new storage battery, the voltage is low and when the internal resistance is high, for example, in the case of an old storage battery, the voltage is automatically increased and the battery is charged at the set current.

Further, FIG. 4 does not have the auxiliary power supply 2 shown in FIG. 1, but the storage battery B1 is connected between the terminals of the main power supply 1 via the electronic switch S1 and the first diode D1. Further, a pulse transformer PT1 is provided between the terminals of the main power supply 1.
The primary winding and the collector and emitter of the transistor Q1 are connected in series. An input terminal T1 is provided at the base of the transistor Q1 via the capacitor C1. Base of transistor Q1 and first capacitor C
1 and a negative terminal of the main power source 1 between the resistor R1
Are connected. A second capacitor C2 is connected between the terminals of the main power supply 1. The cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the connection point between the cathode of the diode D1 and the positive terminal of the storage battery B1, and the anode of this diode is connected to the one end on the secondary side of the pulse transformer PT1 via the resistor R2. , The other end is connected to the negative terminal of the main power supply 1.

In FIG. 4, the input terminal T1 and the electronic switch S1 are interlocked, and at the same time when the electronic switch S1 is turned on, a spike signal of several tens [μSec] is input to the input terminal T1. This spike signal is amplified by the transistor Q1 and a spike current flows through the primary coil of the pulse transformer PT1. Therefore, the voltage of the primary coil is boosted in the secondary coil of the pulse transformer PT1. At this time, the diode D1 is the pulse transformer PT1.
, And the diode D2 blocks a direct current from the storage battery B1 to the pulse transformer PT1. The capacitor C2 acts so as to have a good influence on the entire waveform.

In FIG. 5, a rectification control and phase control circuit 20 is connected to the output terminal of the transformer 14, and a program control circuit 19 is connected to the output terminal of this circuit.

Program control by the main power source shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 will be described below. First, the no-load release voltage of the main power source 1, that is, the charger is set to DC 30 [V], and the current is arbitrarily set according to the capacity of the storage battery. The set current value is a constant current. In this state, when charging is started, it becomes as shown in FIG. In this figure, the program operation of the charging device of the present invention starts charging by constant current charging, and the terminal voltage of the storage battery depends on the internal resistance of the storage battery. The characteristic curve gradually rises when the charging of the storage battery progresses to some extent after the start of charging, and when the charging further proceeds, the curve rises, its angle increases, and eventually reaches the saturated state, almost reaching the curve. When the battery level becomes horizontal and an appropriate time elapses, the operation of the charging device automatically shifts to the constant voltage operation, the voltage gradually decreases, and finally the voltage of the storage battery becomes 1 DC.
The program operation ends with 2.5 [V].

[0019]

As described above, according to the present invention, the direct current power supply is modulated into a spike wave and a sharp spike current is applied to the electrolytic solution to cause resonance oscillation, and this effect is used to forcibly activate the electrolyte ions. Since a large amount of ions can be absorbed by the electrode plate, the flow of current becomes extremely easy, and the storage battery can be charged in a short time. Furthermore, the spike current does not damage the storage battery, but rather has the effect of extending the life of the storage battery.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a storage battery charging method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block circuit diagram of the main power supply of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram of a spike current.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the storage battery according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the main power supply of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a charging characteristic diagram according to the charging method of the storage battery in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Main Power Supply 2 Auxiliary Power Supply 11 Filter 12 Rectifier 13 Switching Element 14 Transformer 15 High Frequency Rectifier 16 Current Detector 17 Isolator 18 Pulse Converter 19 Program Control Circuit 20 Rectification Control / Phase Control Circuit D1 Diode D2 Diode R1 Resistor R2 Resistor C1 Capacitor C2 Capacitor S1 Electronic switch B1 Storage battery PT1 Pulse transformer Q1 Transistor

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A DC power supply is modulated into a spike wave, the spike wave is supplied to an electrode of a rechargeable battery, and a sharp spike current is applied to an electrolyte of the rechargeable battery to cause resonant oscillation, and by this resonant oscillation effect. A method of charging a storage battery by a spike wave in which electrolyte ions are forcibly activated and a large amount of ions are absorbed by an electrode plate to increase current capacity. 2. A main power source composed of a variable power source is connected to a storage battery via a first diode and an electronic switch, an auxiliary power source is connected in series to the main power source, and a second diode is connected to the auxiliary power source. A resistor and a first capacitor are connected, a connection point between the resistor R1 and the first capacitor is connected to a connection point between the first diode and the electronic switch, and a second end is provided at an output end of the main power supply. Device for charging a storage battery by a spike wave in which the above capacitor is connected in series with the first diode. 3. A storage battery B1 is connected from a variable power supply to the main power supply 1 via an electronic switch and a first diode D1, and a primary side winding and a transistor of a pulse transformer are connected in series between the terminals of the main power supply 1. The second diode and the pulse transformer P are connected between the connection point between the cathode of the first diode and the positive terminal of the storage battery and the negative terminal of the main power source.
A charging device for a storage battery by a spike wave in which a series circuit of a secondary winding of T1 is connected and the base of the transistor is used as an input terminal.