JPH066725B2 - Method for producing sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating property - Google Patents
Method for producing sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating propertyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH066725B2 JPH066725B2 JP60274211A JP27421185A JPH066725B2 JP H066725 B2 JPH066725 B2 JP H066725B2 JP 60274211 A JP60274211 A JP 60274211A JP 27421185 A JP27421185 A JP 27421185A JP H066725 B2 JPH066725 B2 JP H066725B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- raw material
- copper alloy
- powder
- weight
- sintered copper
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 51
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011990 functional testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 Ａ．発明の目的 (1) 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、プレス機のウエアプレート等に用いられる自
己潤滑性を有する焼結銅合金の製造方法に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention A. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for producing a sintered copper alloy having a self-lubricating property, which is used for a wear plate of a press machine.
(2) 従来の技術 従来、この種焼結銅合金の製造方法として、ニッケル、
スズ、リンおよび黒鉛を含む銅系原料粉末を焼結する手
法が知られている（特公昭５８−５２５４７号公報参
照）。(2) Conventional technology Conventionally, as a method for producing this kind of sintered copper alloy, nickel,
A method of sintering a copper-based raw material powder containing tin, phosphorus and graphite is known (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-52547).
(3) 発明が解決しようとする問題点 前記黒鉛は潤滑材として機能するもので、その機能を十
分に発揮させるため前記従来法においては多量の黒鉛粉
末が用いられている。(3) Problems to be Solved by the Invention The graphite functions as a lubricant, and a large amount of graphite powder is used in the conventional method in order to fully exert its function.
その結果、焼結銅合金の圧縮強さが低下し、また前記化
学成分に起因して焼結銅合金の靱性、したがって耐衝撃
性が低いという問題がある。As a result, the compressive strength of the sintered copper alloy is reduced, and the toughness of the sintered copper alloy and hence the impact resistance are low due to the chemical components.
さらに前記原料粉末は粉末状態のまま使用されるので、
その取扱性が悪く、焼結銅合金の生産能率に支障を来た
すといった問題もある。Furthermore, since the raw material powder is used in a powder state,
There is also a problem that the handleability is poor and the production efficiency of the sintered copper alloy is hindered.
本発明は上記に鑑み、黒鉛の含有量を減らし、また黒鉛
の減量分を潤滑性を有し耐摩耗性向上に寄与すると共に
靭性向上効果を発揮するモリブデンによって補い、その
上、加圧下で焼結する、という手段を採用することによ
って高密度化を達成し、これにより優れた耐摩耗性、圧
縮強さおよび靭性を備え、また良好な表面性状を有する
正常な自己潤滑性焼結銅合金を得ることのできる、生産
性の良好な前記製造方法を提供することを目的とする。In view of the above, the present invention reduces the content of graphite, and compensates the reduced amount of graphite with molybdenum that contributes to the improvement of wear resistance and contributes to the improvement of wear resistance, and further, it is fired under pressure. A densification is achieved by adopting a means of binding, which results in a normal self-lubricating sintered copper alloy having excellent wear resistance, compressive strength and toughness and having good surface properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned production method which can be obtained and has good productivity.
Ｂ．発明の構成 (1) 問題点を解決するための手段 本発明に係る自己潤滑性を有する焼結銅合金の製造方法
は、ニッケル ５〜３０重量％、スズ ７〜１３重量％
およびリン ０．３〜２重量％を含有する銅合金粉末
に、それに対し潤滑性粉末としてモリブデン粉末 １〜
５重量％および黒鉛粉末 １〜２．５重量％を混合した
原料粉末と合成樹脂バインダとよりなる原料板をベース
材上面に重ね合せる工程と、前記原料板の上面に、通気
性のない加圧体を、通気性を有し、且つ前記原料粉末の
焼結温度でその粉末および前記加圧体に対して非融着性
を持つと共に前記原料板外周部より食出る大きさのガス
抜き用シートを介して載置する工程と；前記原料板を加
熱して前記合成樹脂バインダを分解すると共に前記原料
粉末を焼結する工程と；を用いることを特徴とする。B. Configuration of the Invention (1) Means for Solving the Problems The method for producing a sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating properties according to the present invention is 5 to 30% by weight of nickel and 7 to 13% by weight of tin.
And a copper alloy powder containing 0.3 to 2% by weight of phosphorus, while a molybdenum powder as a lubricating powder
5% by weight and 1 to 2.5% by weight of graphite powder, a step of stacking a raw material plate made of a raw material powder and a synthetic resin binder on the upper surface of the base material, and pressurization on the upper surface of the raw material plate with no air permeability. A sheet for degassing, which has air permeability, is non-fusing to the powder and the pressing body at the sintering temperature of the raw material powder, and is sized to erode from the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate. And a step of heating the raw material plate to decompose the synthetic resin binder and sinter the raw material powder.
(2) 作 用 潤滑性粉末として、モリブデン粉末と黒鉛粉末の混合粉
末を用いるので、モリブデンの含有量に応じて黒鉛の含
有量を減少し、また加圧下で焼結することによって高密
度化を達成し、これにより焼結銅合金の耐摩耗性、圧縮
強さおよび靭性を向上させることが可能となる。(2) Work Since a mixed powder of molybdenum powder and graphite powder is used as the lubricating powder, the graphite content is reduced according to the molybdenum content, and the density is increased by sintering under pressure. Achieved, which makes it possible to improve the wear resistance, compressive strength and toughness of the sintered copper alloy.
また原料粉末を原料板の形態で用いるので、原料粉末の
取扱性が良好となる。In addition, since the raw material powder is used in the form of the raw material plate, the handleability of the raw material powder is improved.
さらに加熱により合成樹脂バインダは分解され、その分
解ガスは原料粉末の構成粉末間よりガス抜き用シートの
外周部を通じて効率良く排出されるので、焼結銅合金に
おける残留ガスに起因した巣の発生、有害ガス成分の侵
入等の不具合を確実に回避することができる。Further, the synthetic resin binder is decomposed by heating, and the decomposed gas is efficiently discharged from between the constituent powders of the raw material powder through the outer peripheral portion of the degassing sheet, so that the generation of cavities due to the residual gas in the sintered copper alloy, It is possible to reliably avoid problems such as invasion of harmful gas components.
さらにまた、ガス抜き用シートにより原料板外周部を覆
うので、合成樹脂バインダの分解時において、原料板外
周部の、結合力を失った原料粉末が分解ガスの噴出圧に
よって飛散することがなく、これにより外周部の欠落の
ない正常な焼結銅合金を得ることができる。Furthermore, since the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate is covered with the degassing sheet, when the synthetic resin binder is decomposed, the raw material powder in the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate, which has lost its binding force, is not scattered by the ejection pressure of the decomposition gas, As a result, it is possible to obtain a normal sintered copper alloy with no peripheral part missing.
その上、ガス抜き用シートの上面には加圧体が載置され
ているので、分解ガスが原料板上面から加圧体を通じて
噴出することがなく、これにより焼結銅合金表面の荒れ
を防止して、その表面性状を良好にすることができる。
これは焼結銅合金表面を摺動面とする場合、その表面の
仕上げ加工を不要にするか、または僅かな仕上げ加工を
行えば良い、といった効果をもたらす。Moreover, since the pressurizing body is placed on the upper surface of the degassing sheet, the decomposed gas does not spout from the upper surface of the raw material plate through the pressurizing body, which prevents the surface of the sintered copper alloy from becoming rough. Then, the surface quality can be improved.
This brings about the effect that when the surface of the sintered copper alloy is used as the sliding surface, the finishing process of the surface is unnecessary or a slight finishing process may be performed.
なお、各化学成分の配合量を前記のように限定した理由
および各化学成分の役割は以下の通りである。The reason for limiting the blending amount of each chemical component as described above and the role of each chemical component are as follows.
ニッケルはろう材として機能し、原料粉末の焼結性およ
び銅マトリックスの強度を向上させる効果を発揮する
が、その配合量が５重量％を下回ると前記効果が得られ
ず、また３０重量％を上回っても前記効果の向上は望め
ず、その上コスト高となる。Nickel functions as a brazing filler metal and exerts the effect of improving the sinterability of the raw material powder and the strength of the copper matrix. Even if it exceeds the above, the above effect cannot be expected to be improved, and the cost becomes higher.
スズは銅と合金化して銅マトリックスの強度および耐摩
耗性を向上させる効果を発揮するが、その配合量が７重
量％を下回ると前記効果が得られず、また１３重量％を
上回ると銅合金の融点が低下して焼結銅合金の形状維持
性が悪化する。Tin is alloyed with copper to exert the effect of improving the strength and wear resistance of the copper matrix, but if the compounding amount is less than 7% by weight, the above effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 13% by weight, a copper alloy is produced. Of the sintered copper alloy deteriorates in shape retention.
リンは銅マトリックスに析出してその強度および耐摩耗
性を向上させる効果を発揮するが、その配合量が０．３
重量％を下回ると銅合金の融点が高くなって原料粉末の
焼結性が悪化し、また２重量％を上回ると銅合金の融点
が低下して焼結銅合金の形状維持性が悪化する。Phosphorus precipitates in the copper matrix and exerts the effect of improving its strength and wear resistance, but its content is 0.3
If it is less than 2% by weight, the melting point of the copper alloy will be high and the sinterability of the raw material powder will be deteriorated. If it is more than 2% by weight, the melting point of the copper alloy will be lowered and the shape retention of the sintered copper alloy will be deteriorated.
モリブデンは銅合金と強固に結合して焼結銅合金の靱
性、耐摩耗性および潤滑性を向上させる効果を発揮する
が、その配合量が１重量％を下回ると前記効果が得られ
ず、また５重量％を上回ると原料シートの成形が困難と
なり、また焼結銅合金の焼結強度および密度が低下す
る。Molybdenum binds strongly to the copper alloy and exhibits the effect of improving the toughness, wear resistance and lubricity of the sintered copper alloy, but if the blending amount is less than 1% by weight, the above effect cannot be obtained, and If it exceeds 5% by weight, it becomes difficult to form the raw material sheet, and the sintered strength and the density of the sintered copper alloy decrease.
黒鉛は焼結銅合金の潤滑性を向上させる効果を発揮する
が、その配合量が１重量％を下回ると前記効果が得られ
ず、また２．５重量％を上回ると焼結銅合金の圧縮強さ
が低下する。Graphite has an effect of improving the lubricity of a sintered copper alloy, but if the content of the compound is less than 1% by weight, the above effect cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 2.5% by weight, the compression of the sintered copper alloy is suppressed. Strength decreases.
(3) 実 施 例 第１図は摺動部材１を示し、その摺動部材１はベース材
２と、その一面に溶着された自己潤滑性焼結銅合金３と
よりなる。焼結銅合金３はその焼結時ベース材２に溶着
されたものである。(3) Practical Example FIG. 1 shows a sliding member 1, which is composed of a base material 2 and a self-lubricating sintered copper alloy 3 welded to one surface thereof. The sintered copper alloy 3 is welded to the base material 2 during the sintering.
次に第２、第３図を参照しながら前記摺動部材１の製造
方法について説明する。Next, a method of manufacturing the sliding member 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
ｉ．原料シートの製造 噴霧法により得られた、ニッケル ２５重量％、スズ
１０重量％、リン １．１重量％および残部銅からな
り、標準篩１１０メッシュを通過し得る粒度の銅合金粉
末 ９２重量％、 機械的粉砕法により得られた、標準篩２７０メッシュを
通過し得る粒度のモリブデン粉末 ２．５重量％、およ
び 機械的粉砕法により得られた、標準篩２８メッシュを通
過し得るが、６５メッシュを通過し得ない粒度の人造黒
鉛粉末 ２．５重量％ よりなる原料粉末と、 四フッ化エチレン樹脂とアクリル樹脂を１：１に混合
し、その混合樹脂にそれに対し５０重量％の水を添加し
てエマルジョン化した合成樹脂バインダ ３重量％と を、第２図(a)に示すようにニーダ４に投入し、それら
を３分間混合して原料粉末を合成樹脂バインダ中に均一
に分散させた混合物Ｍを得る。i. Manufacture of raw material sheet Nickel 25% by weight, tin, obtained by spraying method
92% by weight of a copper alloy powder having a particle size of 10% by weight, 1.1% by weight of phosphorus and the balance of copper and capable of passing through a standard sieve of 110 mesh, 92% by weight, capable of passing through a standard sieve of 270 mesh obtained by a mechanical grinding method. A raw material consisting of 2.5% by weight of a molybdenum powder of a particle size and 2.5% by weight of an artificial graphite powder of a particle size obtained by a mechanical grinding method, which can pass through a standard sieve 28 mesh but not 65 mesh. Fig. 2 shows the powder and 3% by weight of a synthetic resin binder prepared by mixing a tetrafluoroethylene resin and an acrylic resin in a ratio of 1: 1 and adding 50% by weight of water to the mixed resin to form an emulsion. As shown in a), the mixture is put into the kneader 4 and mixed for 3 minutes to obtain a mixture M in which the raw material powder is uniformly dispersed in the synthetic resin binder.
第２図(b)に示すように、混合物Ｍをヒータ５上に移
し、それを８０〜１５０℃に加熱して水分を蒸発し乾燥
する。As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the mixture M is transferred onto the heater 5 and heated to 80 to 150 ° C. to evaporate water and dry.
第２図(c)に示すように、加熱状態に在る混合物Ｍをロ
ール機６に数回通し、厚さ２〜３mmの原料シートＳを得
る。As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the mixture M in a heated state is passed through the roll machine 6 several times to obtain a raw material sheet S having a thickness of 2 to 3 mm.
第２図(d)に示すように、原料シートＳをヒータ５上に
移し、それを８０〜１２０℃で３０分間加熱し、ロール
成形時の歪を除去する。As shown in FIG. 2 (d), the raw material sheet S is transferred onto the heater 5 and heated at 80 to 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to remove the strain during roll forming.
原料シートＳの密度は４．８ｇ／cm3で、第２図(e)に示
すようにロール状に巻いて保存される。The raw material sheet S has a density of 4.8 g / cm 3 and is wound and stored in a roll shape as shown in FIG. 2 (e).
ii．摺動部材の製造 第２図(f)に示すように、原料シートＳから縦２００m
m、横２００mmの原料板Ｐを裁断し、その原料板Ｐを縦
２００mm、横２００mm、厚さ１９mmのＪＩＳ ＳＳ４１
で表わされる鋼板製ベース材２の上面にアクリル系接着
剤を用いて貼着し、その上面を縦２１０mm、横２１０m
m、厚さ２mmのセラミックフアイバ（商品名カオウー
ル）よりなり通気性を有するガス抜き用シート６を用い
て覆い、さらにシート６の上面に縦２００mm、横２００
mm、厚さ３８mmの前記と同材質の鋼板よりなる通気性の
ない加圧体７を載置する。ii. Manufacture of sliding member As shown in FIG.
A raw material plate P of m and 200 mm in width is cut, and the raw material plate P is JIS SS41 of 200 mm in length, 200 mm in width and 19 mm in thickness.
It is stuck on the upper surface of the steel plate base material 2 represented by using an acrylic adhesive, and the upper surface is 210 mm long and 210 m wide.
It is made of ceramic fiber (trade name: Kaowool) and has a thickness of 2 mm and is covered with a breathable gas-releasing sheet 6, and the upper surface of the sheet 6 is 200 mm long and 200 mm wide.
A non-breathable pressurizing body 7 made of a steel plate of the same material as above having a thickness of 38 mm and a thickness of 38 mm is placed.
加圧体７は、焼結時において原料粉末を加圧し焼結銅合
金３の密度を向上させるために用いられるものである
が、この加圧体７を直接原料板Ｐ上に載せると、合成樹
脂バインダ等より生じる分解ガスのガス抜き性が悪く、
また原料板Ｐにおける外周部の、結合力を失った原料粉
末が分解ガスの噴出圧により飛散する。そこで加圧体７
と原料板Ｐとの間に原料板Ｐ外周部より食出る大きさの
前記シート６を介在させ、その通気性を利用してガス排
出路を形成し、また原料粉末の飛散を防止する。このよ
うな使用目的を十分に達成するためには、原料板Ｐの大
きさとシート６の圧さとの間に相関関係がある。例え
ば、原料板Ｐの厚さ２mmにおいて、その大きさが縦８０
mm、横８０mmではシート６の厚さは１mm、縦２００mm、
横２００mmではシート６の厚さは２mmとなる。なお、前
記厚さを有する原料板Ｐの大きさが縦６０mm、横６０mm
以下である場合、合成樹脂バインダ等の熱分解が極めて
遅い場合等においてはシート６が無くても分解ガスのガ
ス抜きが容易に行われ、また原料粉末の飛散は生じな
い。The pressurizing body 7 is used to pressurize the raw material powder at the time of sintering to improve the density of the sintered copper alloy 3. However, when the pressurizing body 7 is placed directly on the raw material plate P, it is synthesized. Degassing of decomposition gas generated from resin binder etc. is poor,
In addition, the raw material powder on the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate P, which has lost its binding force, is scattered by the jetting pressure of the decomposition gas. So pressurizing body 7
The sheet 6 having a size protruding from the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate P is interposed between the raw material plate P and the raw material plate P, and a gas exhaust passage is formed by utilizing the air permeability thereof, and the raw material powder is prevented from scattering. In order to sufficiently achieve such a purpose of use, there is a correlation between the size of the raw material plate P and the pressure of the sheet 6. For example, when the thickness of the raw material plate P is 2 mm, its size is 80
mm, width 80 mm, the thickness of the sheet 6 is 1 mm, length 200 mm,
If the width is 200 mm, the thickness of the sheet 6 is 2 mm. The size of the raw material plate P having the above thickness is 60 mm in length and 60 mm in width.
In the following cases, when the thermal decomposition of the synthetic resin binder or the like is extremely slow, the degassing of the decomposition gas is easily performed without the sheet 6, and the raw material powder does not scatter.
ガス抜き用シート６は、原料粉末の焼結温度でその粉末
および加圧体７に対して非融着性を持つことが必要であ
る。この要件を満たす材料としては前記セラミックフア
イバの外にアスベスト、ロックウール等が該当する。ま
たシート６を用いない場合には、原料粉末に対する加圧
体７の融着を防止すべく、加圧体７に離型剤を塗布す
る、加圧体７と原料板Ｐとの間にアルミナ等のセラミッ
ク体を介在する等の手段を採用する。The degassing sheet 6 needs to be non-fusing to the powder and the pressurizing body 7 at the sintering temperature of the raw material powder. In addition to the ceramic fiber, asbestos, rock wool and the like are applicable as materials satisfying this requirement. When the sheet 6 is not used, a release agent is applied to the pressure body 7 in order to prevent fusion of the pressure body 7 to the raw material powder. Etc. Means such as interposing a ceramic body.
前記積層物を真空焼結炉８内に設置して第３図に示す加
熱条件で合成樹脂バインダおよびアクリル系接着剤の熱
分解、原料粉末の焼結およびベース材に対する焼結銅合
金の溶着を行う。キャリアガスとしては窒素ガスが用い
られ、真空度は１ Ｔｏｒｒである。The laminate is placed in a vacuum sintering furnace 8 to heat the synthetic resin binder and the acrylic adhesive under the heating conditions shown in FIG. 3, to sinter the raw material powder, and to weld the sintered copper alloy to the base material. To do. Nitrogen gas is used as the carrier gas, and the degree of vacuum is 1 Torr.
(a) 第１加熱ゾーン（第３図Ａ１） この加熱ゾーンＡ１は常温から６００℃までである。常
温からの昇温速度は２０℃／分で、炉内は６００℃にて
６０分間恒温状態に保持される。この加熱ゾーンＡ１で
は、先ず、積層物の水分が蒸発し、次いで５６０〜６０
０℃の範囲で合成樹脂バインダ中の四フッ化エチレン樹
脂およびアクリル樹脂並びにアクリル系接着剤が熱分解
されてガス化する。分解ガスは原料粉末の構成粉末間よ
りシート６を通じて排出される。ベース材２の外周部に
在る結合力を失った原料粉末の飛散はシート６により防
止される。(a) First heating zone (A 1 in FIG. 3) This heating zone A 1 is from normal temperature to 600 ° C. The temperature rising rate from room temperature is 20 ° C./minute, and the inside of the furnace is kept at a constant temperature state at 600 ° C. for 60 minutes. In this heating zone A 1 , the water content of the laminate evaporates first, and then 560-60.
In the range of 0 ° C., the tetrafluoroethylene resin and acrylic resin and the acrylic adhesive in the synthetic resin binder are thermally decomposed and gasified. The decomposed gas is discharged through the sheet 6 between the constituent powders of the raw material powder. The scattering of the raw material powder that has lost the binding force existing on the outer peripheral portion of the base material 2 is prevented by the sheet 6.
(b) 第２加熱ゾーン（第３図Ａ２） この加熱ゾーンＡ２は略９００℃である。第１加熱ゾー
ンＡ１からの昇温速度は２０℃／分で、炉内は略９００
℃にて３０分間恒温状態に保持される。この加熱ゾーン
Ａ２では原料粉末およびベース材２の均熱化が図られ
る。(b) Second heating zone (A 2 in FIG. 3) This heating zone A 2 is at approximately 900 ° C. The temperature rising rate from the first heating zone A 1 was 20 ° C./min, and the temperature inside the furnace was about 900.
Hold at constant temperature for 30 minutes at ℃. In the heating zone A 2 , the raw material powder and the base material 2 are soaked.
(c) 第３加熱ゾーン（第３図Ａ３） この加熱ゾーンＡ３は略１０２０℃である。第２加熱ゾ
ーンＡ２からの昇温速度は１０℃／分で、炉内は略１０
２０℃にて３０分間恒温状態に保持される。この加熱ゾ
ーンＡ３は、原料粉末において固相と液相が共存する半
液相温度域であり、液相により固相間の気孔が埋めら
れ、また加圧体７の加圧力により液相の流動が増進され
て焼結が進行し、密度の高い焼結銅合金３が得られる。
同時に焼結銅合金３がベース材２に溶着する。この場合
ニッケルがリンと合金化してそのろう材としての機能に
よりベース材２に対する焼結銅合金３の溶着が確実に行
われる。(c) Third heating zone (A 3 in FIG. 3 ) This heating zone A 3 is at approximately 1020 ° C. The temperature rising rate from the second heating zone A 2 was 10 ° C./min, and the temperature inside the furnace was about 10
Hold at constant temperature at 20 ° C for 30 minutes. This heating zone A 3 is a semi-liquid phase temperature region in which the solid phase and the liquid phase coexist in the raw material powder, the pores between the solid phases are filled with the liquid phase, and the liquid phase The flow is enhanced and the sintering progresses, and a sintered copper alloy 3 having a high density is obtained.
At the same time, the sintered copper alloy 3 is welded to the base material 2. In this case, nickel is alloyed with phosphorus and its function as a brazing material ensures the welding of the sintered copper alloy 3 to the base material 2.
この加熱ゾーンＡ３では、原料粉末における液相の流動
が緩慢であるから黒鉛の浮遊、偏析が発生せず、したが
って焼結銅合金の潤滑性はその全体に亘って均等とな
る。In this heating zone A 3 , since the liquid phase of the raw material powder flows slowly, graphite does not float or segregate, and therefore the lubricity of the sintered copper alloy becomes uniform over the entire area.
(d) 冷却ゾーン（第３図Ｂ） 真空焼結炉８内に、その内部気圧が５００mmＨｇとなる
まで窒素ガスを導入し、冷却フアンにより窒素ガスを循
環させて焼結銅合金３、ベース材２等を冷却する。(d) Cooling zone (FIG. 3B) Nitrogen gas was introduced into the vacuum sintering furnace 8 until the internal pressure became 500 mmHg, and the nitrogen gas was circulated by the cooling fan to sinter the copper alloy 3 and the base material. Cool 2nd grade.
上記加熱冷却工程を経て第１図に示す摺動部材１が得ら
れる。The sliding member 1 shown in FIG. 1 is obtained through the heating and cooling steps.
焼結銅合金３は密度 ６．３ｇ／cm3、ロックウエル硬
さＨＲＢ ３５以上、気孔率 １３％であり、また表面
性状は良好で、外周部の欠落も生じていなかった。Sintered copper alloy 3 has a density 6.3 g / cm 3, Rockwell hardness H R B 35 or more, a porosity of 13%, and the surface properties are good, it did not occur even lack of the outer peripheral portion.
前記摺動部材１を、それに機械加工および含油処理を施
した後プレス機のウエアプレートとして用い、機能テス
トを行ったところ表Ｉの結果が得られた。表中、Ａは前
記工程を経て得られた摺動部材に、Ｂは比較例としての
鋳鉄に黒鉛を埋め込んだ摺動部材にそれぞれ該当する。
また相手材において鋳鉄＋黒鉛は比較例Ｂと同一の構成
を有する。When the sliding member 1 was subjected to mechanical processing and oil impregnation treatment and then used as a wear plate of a press machine, a functional test was conducted, and the results shown in Table I were obtained. In the table, A corresponds to the sliding member obtained through the above steps, and B corresponds to the sliding member obtained by embedding graphite in cast iron as a comparative example.
In the mating material, cast iron + graphite has the same structure as Comparative Example B.
表Ｉから明らかなように摺動部材Ａは比較例Ｂと略同等
の耐摩耗性を備え、優れた摺動特性を有する。 As is clear from Table I, the sliding member A has substantially the same wear resistance as that of the comparative example B and has excellent sliding characteristics.
表IIは、ニッケル ２８．７重量％、スズ ８．５重量
％、リン ０．６３重量％を含有する銅合金粉末に対し
モリブデン粉末（Ｍｏ）および黒鉛粉末（Ｇ）の配合量
を種々変更した原料粉末を用いて前記同様に原料シート
を製造し、その原料シートから裁断された原料板を１０
４０℃、２０分間加熱の焼結条件下で真空焼結して得ら
れた焼結銅合金のロックウエル硬さＨＲＢを示す。Table II shows that various amounts of molybdenum powder (Mo) and graphite powder (G) were added to the copper alloy powder containing 28.7% by weight of nickel, 8.5% by weight of tin, and 0.63% by weight of phosphorus. A raw material sheet is manufactured in the same manner as above using the raw material powder, and a raw material plate cut from the raw material sheet 10
The Rockwell hardness H R B of a sintered copper alloy obtained by vacuum sintering under the sintering conditions of heating at 40 ° C. for 20 minutes is shown.
表IIから明らかなように、黒鉛含有量の減少に伴い焼結
銅合金の硬さが向上し、また同一黒鉛含有量においてモ
リブデン含有量の増加に伴い硬さが向上する。これによ
り焼結銅合金の耐摩耗性の向上が図られる。 As is clear from Table II, the hardness of the sintered copper alloy improves as the graphite content decreases, and the hardness improves as the molybdenum content increases for the same graphite content. This improves the wear resistance of the sintered copper alloy.
第４図は焼結銅合金の圧縮強さを示し、この圧縮強さは
モリブデンの含有量とは関係がなく、黒鉛含有量の増加
に伴い減少することが明らかである。プレス機のウエア
プレート等の摺動部材に要求される圧縮強さは１７〜２
５kg／mm2であり、これを満足するためには黒鉛含有量
を１〜２．５重量％に設定する必要がある。FIG. 4 shows the compressive strength of the sintered copper alloy, and it is clear that this compressive strength is independent of the molybdenum content and decreases as the graphite content increases. The compression strength required for sliding members such as wear plates of presses is 17-2.
It is 5 kg / mm 2 , and in order to satisfy this, it is necessary to set the graphite content to 1 to 2.5% by weight.
合成樹脂バインダは原料粉末に対して１〜４重量％配合
される。その理由は合成樹脂バインダの配合量が１重量
％を下回ると原料シートの保形性が悪く、また原料粉末
間の結合力が弱くなってその粉末の脱落を発生し、一方
４重量％を上回ると焼結銅合金の気孔率が高くなって密
度の低下、形状精度の悪化等を招来し、また残留炭素が
多くなって焼結性の阻害、ベース材に対する焼結銅合金
の溶着不良等を招来するからである。The synthetic resin binder is blended in an amount of 1 to 4% by weight based on the raw material powder. The reason is that if the amount of the synthetic resin binder blended is less than 1% by weight, the shape retention of the raw material sheet is poor, and the binding force between the raw material powders is weakened, causing the powder to fall off, while exceeding 4% by weight. In addition, the porosity of the sintered copper alloy becomes high, resulting in a decrease in density, deterioration of shape accuracy, etc., and a large amount of residual carbon impairs sinterability and causes poor welding of the sintered copper alloy to the base material. This is because they are invited.
Ｃ．発明の効果 本発明によれば、モリブデンの含有量に応じて黒鉛の含
有量を減少し、また加圧下での焼結により高密度化を達
成し、これにより優れた圧縮強さを有し、また靭性、し
たがって耐衝撃特性を向上させた耐摩耗性が良好で、表
面性状の良い自己潤滑性焼結銅合金を得ることができ
る。C. Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, the content of graphite is reduced according to the content of molybdenum, and densification is achieved by sintering under pressure, which has excellent compressive strength, Further, it is possible to obtain a self-lubricating sintered copper alloy which has good toughness, and thus improved impact resistance and wear resistance, and good surface properties.
また原料粉末を原料板の形態で用いるので、原料粉末の
取扱性が良好で焼結銅合金の生産能率を向上させること
ができる。Further, since the raw material powder is used in the form of the raw material plate, the handleability of the raw material powder is good and the production efficiency of the sintered copper alloy can be improved.
さらにガス抜き用シートの使用によって、合成樹脂バイ
ンダの分解による分解ガスを効率良く排出して、焼結銅
合金における残留ガスに起因した巣の発生、有害ガス成
分の侵入等の不具合を確実に回避し、また焼結銅合金外
周部の欠落を防止して正常な焼結銅合金を得ることがで
きる。Furthermore, by using a gas vent sheet, the decomposed gas caused by the decomposition of the synthetic resin binder can be efficiently discharged, and problems such as generation of cavities due to residual gas in the sintered copper alloy and intrusion of harmful gas components can be reliably avoided. In addition, it is possible to obtain a normal sintered copper alloy by preventing the outer peripheral portion of the sintered copper alloy from being lost.
第１図は摺動部材の斜視図、第２図は摺動部材の製造工
程説明図、第３図は焼結工程における時間と温度の関係
を示すグラフ、第４図は焼結銅合金における黒鉛含有量
と圧縮強さの関係を示すグラフである。 Ｐ…原料板、２…ベース材、３…焼結銅合金、７…ガス
抜き用シートFIG. 1 is a perspective view of a sliding member, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a manufacturing process of the sliding member, FIG. 3 is a graph showing a relationship between time and temperature in a sintering process, and FIG. 4 is a graph of a sintered copper alloy. It is a graph which shows the relationship between graphite content and compressive strength. P ... Raw material plate, 2 ... Base material, 3 ... Sintered copper alloy, 7 ... Degassing sheet
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−52547（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭51−82871（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭45−26413（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭60−221506（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-58-52547 (JP, A) JP-A-51-82871 (JP, A) JP-A-45-26413 (JP, A) JP-A-60- 221506 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
３重量％およびリン ０．３〜２重量％を含有する銅合
金粉末に、それに対し潤滑性粉末としてモリブデン粉末
１〜５重量％および黒鉛粉末 １〜２．５重量％を混
合した原料粉末と合成樹脂バインダとよりなる原料板
（Ｐ）をベース材（２）上面に重ね合せる工程と、前記
原料板（Ｐ）の上面に、通気性のない加圧体（７）を、
通気性を有し、且つ前記原料粉末の焼結温度でその粉末
および前記加圧体（７）に対して非融着性を持つと共に
前記原料板（Ｐ）外周部より食出る大きさのガス抜き用
シート（６）を介して載置する工程と；前記原料板
（Ｐ）を加熱して前記合成樹脂バインダを分解すると共
に前記原料粉末を焼結する工程と；を用いることを特徴
とする自己潤滑性を有する焼結銅合金の製造方法。1. Nickel 5 to 30% by weight, tin 7-1
A copper alloy powder containing 3% by weight and 0.3 to 2% by weight of phosphorus was mixed with 1 to 5% by weight of molybdenum powder and 1 to 2.5% by weight of graphite powder as a lubricating powder, and a raw material powder was synthesized. A step of stacking a raw material plate (P) made of a resin binder on the upper surface of the base material (2), and a non-breathable pressurizing body (7) on the upper surface of the raw material plate (P),
A gas that has air permeability, is non-fusing to the powder and the pressurizing body (7) at the sintering temperature of the raw material powder, and has a size that erodes from the outer peripheral portion of the raw material plate (P). And a step of placing the raw material plate (P) by heating the raw material plate (P) to decompose the synthetic resin binder and sinter the raw material powder. A method for producing a sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating property.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60274211A JPH066725B2 (en) | 1985-12-05 | 1985-12-05 | Method for producing sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating property |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60274211A JPH066725B2 (en) | 1985-12-05 | 1985-12-05 | Method for producing sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating property |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS62133027A JPS62133027A (en) | 1987-06-16 |
| JPH066725B2 true JPH066725B2 (en) | 1994-01-26 |
Family
ID=17538581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60274211A Expired - Lifetime JPH066725B2 (en) | 1985-12-05 | 1985-12-05 | Method for producing sintered copper alloy having self-lubricating property |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH066725B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7438979B2 (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2008-10-21 | Komatsu Ltd. | Thermal spray membrane contact material, contact member and contact part, and apparatuses to which they are applied |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0814010B2 (en) * | 1987-08-08 | 1996-02-14 | 日立粉末冶金株式会社 | Valve guide material and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2503793B2 (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1996-06-05 | 三菱伸銅株式会社 | Cu alloy plate material for electric and electronic parts, which has the effect of suppressing the wear of punching dies |
| EP2639321B1 (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2018-02-28 | Diamet Corporation | Cu-based oil-containing sintered bearing |
| CN103757464A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-04-30 | 江苏大学 | Copper-based self-lubricating composite material and preparation method thereof |
| JP6440297B2 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2018-12-19 | 株式会社ダイヤメット | Cu-based sintered bearing |
| JP6468766B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2019-02-13 | 株式会社ダイヤメット | Sintered sliding material with excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance and wear resistance, and method for producing the same |
| JP6779600B2 (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2020-11-04 | オイレス工業株式会社 | Multi-layer sliding member |
| US10941465B2 (en) | 2016-03-04 | 2021-03-09 | Diamet Corporation | Cu-based sintered sliding material, and production method therefor |
| CN109487115B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2020-05-22 | 中国地质大学（北京） | Preparation method of copper-carbon composite material with sucrose as binder |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5515521B2 (en) * | 1975-01-18 | 1980-04-24 | ||
| JPS5852547A (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1983-03-28 | Fujitsu Ltd | Measuring device for concentration distribution of impurities in semiconductor crystal |
| JPS60221506A (en) * | 1984-04-17 | 1985-11-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Formation of sliding surface in machine tool |
-
1985
- 1985-12-05 JP JP60274211A patent/JPH066725B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7438979B2 (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2008-10-21 | Komatsu Ltd. | Thermal spray membrane contact material, contact member and contact part, and apparatuses to which they are applied |
| US7648773B2 (en) | 2003-05-26 | 2010-01-19 | Komatsu Ltd. | Thermal spray membrane contact material, contact member and contact part, and apparatuses to which they are applied |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS62133027A (en) | 1987-06-16 |
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