JPH0667183A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the color tone and the contrast of a display screen uniform and to improve display quality by uniformizing an interval between both substrates all over the surface. CONSTITUTION:A transparent conductive film 1a for uniformizing the interval between both substrates 11 and 12 constituting a liquid crystal display element is provided on the surface of either the substrata 11 or 12 corresponding to transparent conductive films 31 and 32 provided only on the surface of the other substrate 11 or 12 in the outer peripheral area 69 of a display dot part 66 in an area where the substrates 11 and 12 are superposed. Then, a transparent conductive film 1b for uniformizing the interval is provided on the surface of the substrates 11 and 12 at a corner part in the area where a sealing material 52 is provided.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device,
In particular, the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of improving the display quality by making the distance between both substrates constituting the liquid crystal display element uniform over the entire surface.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional twisted nematic type of liquid crystal display device has a 90 ° twisted helix structure made of nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy between two electrode substrates, and A pair of polarizing plates is arranged outside the electrode substrate such that the polarization axis (or absorption axis) thereof is orthogonal or parallel to the axis of liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the electrode substrate (Japanese Patent Publication No. 13666
Issue).

In such a liquid crystal display device having a twist angle of 90 °, there are problems in the steepness γ of the change in the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer with respect to the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer and in the viewing angle characteristics. The practical limit was 64 for the number of electrodes). However, in order to cope with recent demands for improving image quality and increasing the amount of display information for liquid crystal display elements, the twist angle α of liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates is set to be larger than 180 °, and the voltage applied to this liquid crystal layer is increased. Applying physics by TJ Scheffer and J. Nailing to improve the time-division drive characteristics and increase the number of time-divisions by adopting a configuration that detects changes in the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer due to
Letter 45, No. 10, 1021, 1984 "Ann Hailey
Multiplexer "(Applied Physics Letter, T.J.
Scheffer, J. Nehring: “A new, highly multiplexabl
e liquid crystal display ”), and a super twisted birefringence effect (SBE) liquid crystal display device has been proposed.

In a conventional liquid crystal display device, an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate are superposed on each other with a predetermined gap so that the surfaces on which electrodes made of a transparent conductive film and an alignment film are laminated face each other. By the sealing material provided around the edge between the boards,
A liquid crystal display element in which both substrates are bonded together, a liquid crystal is sealed between both substrates, and a polarizing plate is further adhered to the outside of both substrates, and the liquid crystal display element is arranged outside three sides of the liquid crystal display element.
A printed circuit board having a drive circuit for the liquid crystal display element, a backlight arranged below the liquid crystal display element for supplying light to the liquid crystal display element, and a metal housing for accommodating each of these members and having a liquid crystal display window opened. It is configured to include a frame and the like.

FIG. 13A is a plan view of the liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 13B is a side view thereof.

Reference numeral 62 is a liquid crystal display element, 11 is an upper electrode substrate (common side substrate), 12 is a lower electrode substrate (segment side substrate), 65 is a position of a display window of a metal frame, 66 (portion with lattice stripes). Is a display dot portion, 67 is a liquid crystal sealing portion, 15 is an upper polarizing plate, and 16 is a lower polarizing plate.

FIG. 14 (a) is a plan view of a main part of a conventional liquid crystal display device, FIG. 14 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 14 (a), and FIG. 14 (c) is FIG. It is the figure which highlighted the conventional problem in (b).

In FIG. 14A, 31 is an upper electrode (common electrode) formed on the surface of the upper electrode substrate 11, 32 is a lower electrode (segment electrode) formed on the surface of the lower electrode substrate 12, 52 is a sealing material, 68 is an electrode terminal lead portion,
69 is the outer edge region of the display dot portion 66 in the region where both substrates 11 and 12 are overlapped, and 70 is a transparent conductive film (nesa) formed to prevent the pattern of the lower electrode 32 or the upper electrode 31 from being conspicuous on the display screen. 14B, 21 and 22 are alignment films,
Reference numeral 0 is a liquid crystal layer, and 71 is a spherical spacer that defines the distance between the substrates 11 and 12.

[0009]

Conventionally, the upper electrode substrate 1 has been used.
1, the upper electrode 31 and the lower electrode 32 are formed on the surface of the lower electrode substrate 12, respectively. However, as shown in FIG. 14A, the upper electrode 31 and the lower electrode 32 are in a direction perpendicular to each other. It is growing. Therefore, in the area where the two substrates 11 and 12 are overlapped with each other, in the display dot portion 66, the two substrates 11 and 12 are
Both have the upper electrode 31 and the lower electrode 32, but in the electrode terminal lead portion 68, the electrode exists only on one of the substrates.
That is, the display dot portion 66 and the outer edge region 69 thereof have different distances between the substrates including the electrodes. As a result, compared to the distance between the two substrates in the display dot section 66,
The distance between both substrates in the outer edge region 69 is as shown in FIG.
As shown in (c), it tends to become narrow. As a result, unevenness in color tone and contrast occurs in the outer edge region 69 in the display window 65, which causes a problem of deterioration in display quality.

The upper electrode 31 and the lower electrode 32 (transparent conductive film) each have a thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 μm, and the difference in the distance between the substrates 11 and 12 of the liquid crystal display element 62 is 0. ．
Even if it is about 1 μm, it appears as a difference in color tone and contrast.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the color tone and the contrast of the display screen are made uniform and the display quality can be improved by making the distance between both substrates uniform over the entire surface.

[0012]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a transparent conductive film provided only on one substrate surface of the outer edge region of the display dot portion in the region where both substrates overlap. Correspondingly, there is provided a liquid crystal display device in which a transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between both substrates is provided on the surface of the other substrate.

Further, there is provided a liquid crystal display device in which a transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between the two substrates is provided on the substrate surface in the region where the sealing material for bonding the both substrates is provided.

Further, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display device in which a transparent conductive film for equalizing the intervals between both substrates is provided on both substrate surfaces at the corners of the region where the sealing material is provided.

[0015]

In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the transparent conductive film provided only on one substrate surface of the outer edge area of the display dot portion in the area where the two substrates are overlapped corresponds to the other substrate surface. Since the transparent conductive film for equalizing the gap between both substrates is provided, the outer edge region of the display dot portion also has the same substrate thickness configuration as the display dot portion, so that the gap between both substrates can be made uniform over the entire surface. As a result, the color tone and the contrast can be made uniform over the entire display screen, and the display quality can be improved.

[0016]

【Example】

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 (a) is a plan view of a main part of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 1 (a). .

In FIG. 1A, reference numeral 31 is an upper electrode substrate 1.
1 is an upper electrode (common electrode) formed on the surface, 32 is a lower electrode (segment electrode) formed on the surface of the lower electrode substrate 12, 52 is a sealing material, 68 is an electrode terminal lead portion, 6
Reference numeral 9 denotes an outer edge area of the display dot portion 66 (a portion having a grid pattern) in an area where both substrates 11 and 12 overlap, and 70 is formed in order to suppress the pattern of the lower electrode 32 or the upper electrode 31 on the display screen. The transparent conductive films (nesa seeing prevention pattern) 1a and 1b formed on both substrates 11 and 12
1b, a transparent conductive film for uniformizing the intervals of 2 in FIG.
Numerals 1 and 22 are alignment films, numeral 50 is a liquid crystal layer, and numeral 71 is a spherical spacer that defines the distance between the substrates 11 and 12 that are superposed on each other.

In the present embodiment, the upper electrode 31 provided only on one surface of the substrate 11 or 12 of the outer edge region 69 of the display dot portion 66 in the region where the substrates 11 and 12 overlap each other.
Alternatively, a transparent conductive film 1a for equalizing the distance between the substrates 11 and 12 is provided on the surface of the other substrate 12 or 11 corresponding to the lower electrode 32 (transparent conductive film). In this embodiment, the transparent conductive film 1a for uniformizing the intervals is provided on the surfaces of the substrates 11 and 12 in the region where the sealing material 52 is provided. Further, in order to make the interval between the substrates 11 and 12 in the corner portion where the transparent conductive film does not exist in the region where the sealing material 52 is provided uniform, the two substrates 11 and 12 in the corner portion in the region where the sealing material 52 is provided. The transparent conductive film 1b for uniformizing the intervals was provided on the surface.

Thus, in this embodiment, both substrates 11,
Since the transparent conductive films 1a and 1b for equalizing the intervals of 12 are provided, the distances between the substrates 11 and 12 including the electrodes of the display dot portion 66 and the outer edge region 69 thereof can be made substantially equal, and the spacer 71 Both substrates 11, 12 held by
The space between them can be made uniform over the entire surface. As a result, the color tone and the contrast can be made uniform over the entire display screen, and the display quality can be improved. In particular, the effect is great in a large-screen liquid crystal display device.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view of a main part of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA 'in FIG. 2 (a). It is a figure.

In this embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, in addition to providing the transparent conductive films 1a and 1b for equalizing the intervals on the surfaces of both substrates 11 and 12 in the region where the sealing material 52 is provided, the sealing material is also used. 5
In order to prevent the pattern of the lower electrode 32 or the upper electrode 31 from being conspicuous on the display screen, the transparent conductive film 1c for equalizing the gap is provided between the display frame 2 and the position 65 of the display window of the metal frame. On the lower electrode substrate 12, a transparent conductive film 1d for equalizing the intervals was provided in correspondence with the transparent conductive film (uneasy appearance preventing pattern) 70 provided on the upper electrode substrate 11.

Therefore, according to the first embodiment, both substrates 11 and 1 are
The effect of uniforming the intervals of 2 can be further enhanced. The transparent conductive films 1a and 1c or 1b and 1d may be connected.

FIG. 3 shows an arrangement direction (for example, rubbing direction) of liquid crystal molecules on the electrode substrate when the liquid crystal display element 62 according to the present invention is viewed from the upper side, a twisting direction of the liquid crystal molecules, a polarization axis (or absorption) of the polarizing plate. The (axial) direction and the optical axis direction of the member that brings about the birefringence effect are shown, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part of the liquid crystal display element 62 according to the present invention.

Twisting direction 10 of liquid crystal molecules and twist angle θ
Is a rubbing direction 6 of the alignment film 21 on the upper electrode substrate 11, a rubbing direction 7 of the alignment film 22 on the lower electrode substrate 12, and a positive dielectric anisotropy sandwiched between the upper electrode substrate 11 and the lower electrode substrate 12. It is defined by the type and amount of the optical rotatory substance added to the nematic liquid crystal layer 50 having the property.

In FIG. 4, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules between the upper and lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 sandwiching the liquid crystal layer 50 so as to form a twisted spiral structure, a transparent upper layer made of, for example, glass is used. The rubbing method, which is a method of rubbing the surfaces of the alignment films 21 and 22 made of an organic polymer resin made of polyimide, for example, in contact with the liquid crystal on the lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 with a cloth in one direction, is used. ing. The rubbing direction at this time, that is, the rubbing direction, the rubbing direction 6 in the upper electrode substrate 11, and the rubbing direction 7 in the lower electrode substrate 12 are the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules. The two upper and lower electrode substrates 1 that have been oriented in this way
1 and 12 are made to face each other with a gap d ₁ so that the rubbing directions 6 and 7 intersect each other at approximately 180 to 360 degrees, and the two electrode substrates 11 and 12 are notched for injecting liquid crystal. When a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy and having a predetermined amount of an optical rotatory substance is sealed in by adhering with a frame-shaped sealant 52 having a portion 51,
The liquid crystal molecules have a helical molecular arrangement with a twist angle θ in the figure between the electrode substrates. Reference numerals 31 and 32 are transparent upper and lower electrodes made of, for example, indium oxide or ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). A member that produces a birefringence effect on the upper electrode substrate 11 of the liquid crystal cell 60 thus configured (hereinafter referred to as a birefringence member. Fujimura et al., "ST
N-LCD retardation film ", magazine electronic material 1991
(February issue, pages 37-41) 40, and upper and lower polarizing plates 15 and 16 with the member 40 and the liquid crystal cell 60 sandwiched therebetween. Note that, in FIG. 4, the transparent conductive film for uniformizing the distance between the two substrates shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is not shown.

The twist angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal 50 can take a value in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, but is preferably 200 ° to 300 °, but lighting in the vicinity of the threshold value of the transmittance-applied voltage curve. From the practical viewpoint of avoiding the phenomenon that the state becomes an orientation that scatters light and maintaining excellent time division characteristics, the range of 230 to 270 degrees is more preferable. This condition basically makes the response of the liquid crystal molecules to the voltage more sensitive and acts to realize excellent time division characteristics. In order to obtain excellent display quality and the refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₁ of the liquid crystal layer 50 a product [Delta] n ₁ of the thickness d ₁
-D ₁ is preferably set in the range of 0.5 μm to 1.0 μm, more preferably 0.6 μm to 0.9 μm.

The birefringent member 40 acts so as to modulate the polarization state of the light passing through the liquid crystal cell 60, and converts the liquid crystal cell 60 alone, which was capable of only colored display, into black and white display. Thus the birefringent member 40 refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₂ and is extremely important product [Delta] n ₂ · d ₂ of a thickness d _2, preferably 0.8μm from 0.4 .mu.m, more preferably 0.5μm To 0.7 μm.

Further, since the liquid crystal display element 62 according to the present invention utilizes the elliptically polarized light due to the birefringence, the polarizing plate 15,
When the uniaxial transparent birefringent plate is used as the birefringent member 40, the relationship between the 16 axes and the liquid crystal alignment directions 6 and 7 of the electrode substrates 11 and 12 of the liquid crystal cell 60 is extremely important. .

The function and effect of the above relationship will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows an axis of a polarizing plate, an optical axis of a uniaxial transparent birefringent member when the liquid crystal display device having the configuration of FIG. 4 is viewed from above,
3 shows the relationship between the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecule axes of an electrode substrate of a liquid crystal cell.

In FIG. 4, 5 is the optical axis of the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, 6 is the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the birefringent member 40 and the upper electrode substrate 11 adjacent thereto, and 7 is the lower electrode substrate 12. The liquid crystal alignment direction, 8 is the absorption axis or polarization axis of the upper polarization plate 15, 9 is the absorption axis or polarization axis of the lower polarization plate 16, and the angle α is uniaxial birefringence with the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 of the upper electrode substrate 11. The angle β formed by the optical axis 5 of the member 40 is the angle formed by the absorption axis or polarization axis 8 of the upper polarizing plate 15 and the optical axis 5 of the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, and the angle γ is the lower polarizing plate 16. Is the angle between the absorption axis or polarization axis 9 of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal alignment direction 7 of the lower electrode substrate 12.

Here, how to measure the angles α, β, and γ in this specification will be defined. In FIG. 8, an intersection angle between the optical axis 5 of the birefringent member 40 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 of the upper electrode substrate will be described as an example. The intersection angle between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. ₂ , it can be represented by φ ₁ and φ ₂ , but in the present specification, the smaller corner of φ ₁ and φ ₂ is adopted. That is, since φ ₁ <φ ₂ in FIG. 8A, φ ₁ is defined as an intersection angle α between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6,
Since φ ₁ > φ ₂ in FIG. 8B, φ ₂ is defined as an intersection angle α between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6. Of course, either one may be adopted when φ ₁ = φ ₂ .

In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the angles α, β and γ are extremely important.

The angle α is preferably 50 ° to 90 °, more preferably 70 ° to 90 °, the angle β is preferably 20 ° to 70 °, more preferably 30 ° to 60 °, and the angle γ is preferably. It is desirable to set each to 0 to 70 degrees, and more preferably to 0 to 50 degrees.

If the twist angle θ of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the liquid crystal cell 60 is in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, the above angle is satisfied regardless of whether the twist direction 10 is clockwise or counterclockwise. α, β, and γ may be within the above range.

In FIG. 4, the birefringent member 40 is arranged between the upper polarizing plate 15 and the upper electrode substrate 11, but instead of this position, the lower electrode substrate 12 and the lower polarizing plate 16 are provided.
It may be disposed between and. This case corresponds to the case where the entire structure of FIG. 4 is inverted.

Example 1 The basic structure is the same as that shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the twist angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules is 240 degrees, and as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, a liquid crystal cell having a parallel orientation (homogeneous orientation), that is, a twist angle of 0 degree is used. Here, the ratio d / p of the thickness d (μm) of the liquid crystal layer and the helical pitch p (μm) of the liquid crystal material added with the optical rotatory substance was set to 0.67. The alignment films 21 and 22 were formed of a polyimide resin film and used after being rubbed. The alignment film that has been subjected to this rubbing treatment tilts the liquid crystal molecules that are in contact with the alignment film with respect to the substrate surface with a tilt angle (p
The retilt angle) is 4 degrees. The uniaxial transparent birefringent member 4
Δn ₂ · d ₂ of 0 is about 0.6 μm. On the other hand, Δn ₁ · d ₁ of the liquid crystal layer 50 having a structure in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 240 degrees is about 0.8 μm.

At this time, by setting the angle α to about 90 degrees, the angle β to about 30 degrees, and the angle γ to about 30 degrees, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 50 via the upper and lower electrodes 31 and 32 is increased. When the voltage is below the threshold value, light non-transmission, that is, black display, and when the voltage exceeds a threshold value, light transmission, that is, white and black display, can be realized. In addition, the axis of the lower polarizing plate 16 is 50
When rotated 90 degrees from 90 degrees, white display was realized when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 50 was below the threshold value, and black when the voltage was above the threshold value, which was the reverse of the above.

FIG. 6 shows a change in contrast during time-division driving at 1/200 duty when the angle α is changed in the configuration of FIG. Although the contrast was extremely high when the angle α was in the vicinity of 90 degrees, the contrast decreased as the angle deviated. Moreover, when the angle α is small, both the lighting part and the non-lighting part are bluish, and when the angle α is large, the non-lighting part is purple and the lighting part is yellow, and in any case black and white display is impossible. Similar results are obtained for the angle β and the angle γ, but in the case of the angle γ, as described above, when the image is rotated from 50 degrees to 90 degrees, the black and white display is reversed.

Example 2 The basic structure is the same as that of Example 1. However, the liquid crystal layer 50
The liquid crystal molecule has a twist angle of 260 degrees, and Δn ₁ · d ₁ is about 0.
The difference is 65 μm to 0.75 μm. Δ of the parallel alignment liquid crystal layer used as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40
n ₂ · d ₂ is about 0.58 μm as in the first embodiment. The ratio of the thickness d ₁ (μm) of the liquid crystal layer to the helical pitch p (μm) of the nematic liquid crystal material to which the optically active substance is added is d / p =
It was set to 0.72.

At this time, by setting the angle α to about 100 degrees, the angle β to about 35 degrees, and the angle γ to about 15 degrees, the monochrome display similar to that of the first embodiment can be realized. It is also similar to the first embodiment in that a reverse black-and-white display is possible by rotating the axial position of the lower polarizing plate from the above value by 50 to 90 degrees. The tendency for the deviations of the angles α, β, and γ is almost the same as that of the first embodiment.

In each of the above embodiments, a parallel alignment liquid crystal cell having no twist of liquid crystal molecules was used as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, but rather a liquid crystal layer having twisted liquid crystal molecules of about 20 to 60 degrees is used. There is less color change depending on the angle. Like the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer 50, this twisted liquid crystal layer is formed by sandwiching liquid crystal between a pair of transparent substrates that have been subjected to the alignment treatment so that the alignment treatment directions intersect a predetermined twist angle. It In this case, the bisected angle of the two orientation treatment directions sandwiching the twisted structure of the liquid crystal molecules may be treated as the optical axis of the birefringent member. A transparent polymer film may be used as the birefringent member 40 (uniaxially stretched film is preferable at this time). In this case, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), acrylic resin film and polycarbonate are effective as the polymer film.

Further, although the single birefringent member is used in the above embodiments, in addition to the birefringent member 40 in FIG. 4, another birefringent member is provided between the lower electrode substrate 12 and the lower polarizing plate 16. It is also possible to insert a bending member. In this case, Δn ₂ · d ₂ of these birefringent members should be readjusted.

Example 3 The basic structure is the same as in Example 1. However, as shown in FIG. 9, red, green, and blue color filters 3 are provided on the upper electrode substrate 11.
By providing the light shielding film 33D between the filters 3R, 33G, 33B and the filters, multicolor display is possible.

Incidentally, in FIG. 9, each filter 33
On the R, 33G, 33B and the light shielding film 33D, a smoothing layer 23 made of an insulating material is formed in order to reduce the influence of these irregularities, and then an upper electrode 31 and an alignment film 21 are formed. Further, in FIG. 9, the transparent conductive film for uniformizing the distance between both substrates shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is not shown.

Example 4 A liquid crystal display module 63 in which a liquid crystal display element 62 according to Example 3, a drive circuit for driving the liquid crystal display element 62, and a light source are compactly integrated.

FIG. 10 shows an exploded perspective view thereof. The IC 34 for driving the liquid crystal display element 62 is mounted on a frame-shaped printed board 35 having a window portion for fitting the liquid crystal display element 62 in the center. The printed circuit board 35 in which the liquid crystal display element 62 is fitted is fitted in the window portion of the frame-shaped body 42 formed by plastic molding, the metal frame 41 is overlapped on this, and the claws 43 are formed on the frame-shaped body 42. Frame 4 by bending inside the notch 44
1 is fixed to the frame-shaped body 42.

A cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36 disposed at the upper and lower ends of the liquid crystal display element 62, a light guide 37 made of an acrylic plate for uniformly irradiating the liquid crystal display cell 60 with light from the cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36, A reflecting plate 38 formed by applying white paint to a metal plate and a milky white diffusing plate 39 for diffusing light from the light guide 37 are fitted into the window portion from the back side of the frame-shaped body 42 in the order of FIG. Be done. An inverter power supply circuit (not shown) for lighting the cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36 is provided with a recess (not shown) provided on the right side rear portion of the frame-shaped body 42. The recess 4 of the reflection plate 38 is provided.
It is located at a position facing No. 5. ). Diffuser 3
9, light guide 37, cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36, and reflector 38
Attaches the tongue piece 46 provided on the reflection plate 38 to the frame-shaped body 42.
It is fixed by bending it in the small edge 47 provided in the.

Embodiment 5 The liquid crystal display module 63 according to Embodiment 4 is used in the display section of a laptop personal computer.

FIG. 11 shows the block diagram, and FIG. 12 shows a diagram of the laptop personal computer 64 mounted.
The result calculated by the microprocessor 49 is to drive the liquid crystal display module 63 by the drive IC 34 via the control LSI 48.

As described above, according to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to realize the field effect liquid crystal display device which has excellent time-division driving characteristics and which enables monochrome and multicolor display.

Although the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. . For example, the present invention can be applied to a color display liquid crystal display device and a monochrome display liquid crystal display device. Further, the shape, size, position, etc. of the transparent conductive film for uniformizing the distance between both substrates shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and various kinds can be formed. For example, it may be formed outside the sealing material 52.

[0052]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Similar to the display dot portion in which the transparent conductive film is always provided on both substrate surfaces, the transparent conductive film is also provided on both substrate surfaces in the outer edge region of the display dot portion where the transparent conductive film was conventionally provided only on one substrate surface. By providing the film, the distance between the two substrates held by the spacer can be made uniform over the entire surface. As a result, the color tone and contrast of the display screen can be made uniform, and the display quality can be improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view of an essential part of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

FIG. 2A is a plan view of a main part of a liquid crystal display element according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship among an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, a twisting direction of liquid crystal molecules, a direction of an axis of a polarizing plate, and an optical axis of a birefringent member in a first embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Is.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts of a first embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the twist direction of liquid crystal molecules, the direction of the axis of the deflecting plate, and the optical axis of the birefringent member in the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing contrast and transmitted light color-crossing angle α characteristics of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship among the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, the twisting direction of liquid crystal molecules, the direction of the axis of the deflecting plate, and the optical axis of the birefringent member in the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Is.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how to measure intersection angles α, β, and γ.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an upper electrode substrate portion of an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display module according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a laptop personal computer according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a laptop computer according to the present invention.

13A is a plan view of a liquid crystal display element, and FIG. 13B is a side view thereof.

FIG. 14A is a plan view of a main part of a conventional liquid crystal display element,
(B) is a sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of (a),
(C) is the figure which emphasized the conventional problem in (b).

[Explanation of symbols]

1a, 1b, 1c, 1d ... Transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between both substrates, 11 ... Upper electrode substrate, 12 ... Lower electrode substrate, 21,
22 ... Alignment film, 31 ... Upper electrode (common electrode), 32 ... Lower electrode (segment electrode), 50 ... Liquid crystal layer, 52 ... Sealing material, 66 ... Display dot portion, 68 ... Electrode terminal lead portion,
69 ... Outer edge area of display dot portion, 70 ... Nesseeing prevention pattern, 71 ... Spacer.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. Two transparent substrates are superposed at a predetermined interval so that the surfaces provided with the transparent conductive films are opposed to each other, and a sealing material provided around the edge between the two substrates is used to seal the two substrates. In a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display element in which substrates are bonded together and liquid crystal is sealed between the both substrates, only on one of the substrate surfaces of an outer edge region of a display dot portion in a region where the two substrates overlap. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that a transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between the two substrates is provided on the surface of the other substrate corresponding to the provided transparent conductive film. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between the two substrates is provided on the substrate surface in the region where the sealing material is provided. 3. A liquid crystal display according to claim 1, wherein a transparent conductive film for equalizing the distance between the two substrates is provided on the both substrate surfaces at the corners of the region where the sealing material is provided. apparatus.