JPH06186553A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the discontinuance of insulating film at a part outside a sealing material and a part inside the sealing material, to prevent the nonuniformity of a threshold value due to the progression of reaction generated between a transference electrode and the insulating film at a part outside the sealing material to the inside of a display part from occurring, and to prevent display quality from being lowered. CONSTITUTION:This liquid crystal display device in which two transference substrates 11, 12 are superimposed so as to face planes on which the transference electrodes 31, 32, the insulating film 2, 3, and oriented film 21, 22 are provided sequentially with each other keeping a prescribed gap, and both substrates are adhered with the sealing material 52 provided in an edge periphery between both substrates 11, 12, and also, liquid crysal 50 is sealed between both substrates is constituted in such a way that an area 1 where no insulating film 2, 3 are provided is provided at the inside the sealing material 52 and also, at the outside the display part of a liquid crystal display element 62.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device used for display devices of notebook type, laptop type word processors, personal computers and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional twisted nematic type of liquid crystal display device has a 90 ° twisted helix structure made of nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy between two electrode substrates, and A pair of polarizing plates is arranged outside the electrode substrate such that the polarization axis (or absorption axis) thereof is orthogonal or parallel to the axis of liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the electrode substrate (Japanese Patent Publication No. 13666
Issue).

In such a liquid crystal display device having a twist angle of 90 °, there are problems in the steepness γ of the change in the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer with respect to the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer and in the viewing angle characteristics. The practical limit was 64 for the number of electrodes). However, in order to cope with recent demands for improving image quality and increasing the amount of display information for liquid crystal display elements, the twist angle α of liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between a pair of polarizing plates is set to be larger than 180 °, and the voltage applied to this liquid crystal layer is increased. Applying physics by TJ Scheffer and J. Nailing to improve the time-division drive characteristics and increase the number of time-divisions by adopting a configuration that detects changes in the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal layer due to
Letter 45, No. 10, 1021, 1984 "Ann Hailey
Multiplexer "(Applied Physics Letter, T.J.
Scheffer, J. Nehring: “A new, highly multiplexabl
e liquid crystal display ”), and a super twisted birefringence effect (SBE) liquid crystal display device has been proposed.

In a liquid crystal display element of a conventional liquid crystal display device, an upper electrode substrate and a lower electrode substrate are superposed on each other with a predetermined gap so that surfaces on which a transparent electrode, an insulating film, an alignment film and the like are laminated face each other. The two substrates are bonded together by a sealing material provided around the edge between the two substrates, liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates, and a polarizing plate is bonded to the outside of both substrates.

In such a liquid crystal display element, the transparent electrodes of the display section of the liquid crystal display element and the alignment film are usually arranged so that the transparent electrodes of the two substrates which are superposed are not vertically connected to each other due to a conductive foreign substance or the like. In addition, an insulating film made of polyimide or the like is arranged on one or both of both substrates.

Further, as described in JP-A-58-118621, an insulating film is also provided on the terminal portion of the transparent electrode in order to prevent disconnection due to electrolysis of the transparent electrode.
Usually, in a large dot matrix liquid crystal display element, an insulating film is continuously provided on the transparent electrode from the terminal portion to the inside of the display portion for this purpose.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned prior art, moisture or the like is caused between the exposed transparent electrode of the terminal portion and the insulating film on the outer side of the sealing material not filled with the liquid crystal. As a result, a reaction occurs and the transparent electrode is continuously covered with an insulating film from the terminal section to the display section as described above, so this reaction proceeds to the display section inside the sealing material, and the liquid crystal screen disappears in the display section. There is a problem that the threshold value appears unevenly and the display quality is remarkably deteriorated.

An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of preventing the reaction between the transparent electrode and the insulating film from proceeding to the display portion and preventing the deterioration of the display quality due to the occurrence of the threshold unevenness. is there.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, two transparent substrates each having a transparent electrode, an insulating film, and an alignment film formed in order are provided with a surface provided with each film. A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display element in which the substrates are overlapped with a predetermined gap so as to face each other, the both substrates are bonded together by a sealing material provided around the edge between the both substrates, and liquid crystal is sealed between the both substrates. In the above, the insulating film is provided inside the sealing material and outside the display portion (the portion where the transparent electrodes of both substrates intersect) of the liquid crystal display element (the portion where the transparent electrodes of both substrates do not intersect). Provided is a liquid crystal display device in which a region which is not provided is provided around the edges of both substrates.

[0010]

In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, since the region without the insulating film is provided inside the sealing material and outside the display portion of the liquid crystal display element around the edges of the both substrates, the liquid crystal is filled. The outer part of the sealing material, which is not
Since the insulating film is discontinuous with the inner part of the seal material filled with liquid crystal, even if a reaction occurs between the transparent electrode and the insulating film on the outer part of the seal material, the reaction can reach the display section. Since the process does not proceed, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of unevenness in the threshold value and prevent the deterioration of the display quality.

[0011]

1 (a) is an overall plan view of a liquid crystal display element of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) is FIG.
1A is an enlarged plan view of an A portion, and FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG. 1B.

In these figures, 62 is a liquid crystal display element, 11 is an upper electrode substrate, 12 is a lower electrode substrate, and 31 is a plurality of I formed in parallel in the same direction on the surface of the upper electrode substrate 11.
TO (Indium Tin Oxid
e)) an upper electrode made of a film, 32 denotes an ITO electrode formed on the surface of the lower electrode substrate 12 so as to intersect with the upper electrode 31 in a direction perpendicular to the upper electrode 31, and 2 denotes a lower electrode made of an ITO film. An upper insulating film made of polyimide or the like formed on the upper electrode 31,
3 is a lower insulation film made of polyimide or the like formed on the lower electrode 32, 21 is an upper alignment film formed on the upper insulation film 2 and subjected to alignment treatment by a rubbing method, and 22 is formed on the lower insulation film 3.
A lower alignment film that has been subjected to an alignment treatment by a rubbing method, 52 is provided around the edges of both substrates 11 and 12, and is a sealant for bonding both substrates and sealing liquid crystal between both substrates.
Reference numeral 0 is a liquid crystal layer sealed by a sealing material 52 between the substrates 11 and 12, 65 is a liquid crystal sealing port formed by providing a part of the sealing material 52, and 1 is an area in which the insulating films 2 and 3 are not provided. Is. In addition, in FIG. 1B, the regions where the insulating films 2 and 3 are provided are shaded upward and the alignment films 21 and 2 are aligned.
The area provided with 2 is marked with a diagonal line descending to the right.

In this embodiment, the inside of the sealing material 52 and the outside (both substrates 11 and 12) of the display portion of the liquid crystal display element 62 (the portion where the transparent electrodes 31 and 32 of both substrates 11 and 12 intersect). Region (1) where the insulating films (2, 3) are not provided on the transparent electrodes (31, 32) of the both substrates (1).
It was provided over the periphery of edges 1 and 12. In this embodiment, the width of the region 1 where the insulating films 2 and 3 are not provided is 0.5 to 0.7 m.
m (preferably 0.3 to 1.0 mm). Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1C, the alignment films 21 and 22 are formed in the regions 1 where the insulating films 2 and 3 are not provided, respectively.
It was made to cover with.

As described above, in this embodiment, the region 1 in which the insulating films 2 and 3 are not provided inside the sealing material 52 and outside the display portion of the liquid crystal display element 62 is around the edges of both substrates 11 and 12. Since the insulating films 2 and 3 are discontinuous in the outer portion of the sealing material 52 not filled with the liquid crystal 50 and the inner portion of the sealing material 52 filled with the liquid crystal 50, The transparent electrode 32 and the insulating film 3 or the transparent electrode 31 and the insulating film 2 are provided outside the sealing material 52.
Even if a reaction occurs between the display device and the display device, the reaction does not proceed to the display portion, so that it is possible to prevent unevenness in threshold value and prevent deterioration of display quality.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is shown in FIG.
It is a sectional view similar to (c).

In this embodiment, a region 1 having a width of 0.5 to 0.7 mm and not provided with the insulating films 2 and 3 is formed in the sealing material 52 in the range of 0.
The region 1 having a thickness of 2 mm was not covered with the alignment films 21 and 22, respectively.

It goes without saying that the same effects as those of the above embodiment can be obtained in this embodiment as well.

FIG. 3 shows an arrangement direction of liquid crystal molecules on the electrode substrate (for example, a rubbing direction), a twisting direction of liquid crystal molecules, a polarization axis of a polarizing plate (or absorption) when the liquid crystal display element 62 according to the present invention is viewed from above. The (axial) direction and the optical axis direction of the member that brings about the birefringence effect are shown, and FIG.

Twisting direction 10 of liquid crystal molecules and twist angle θ
Is a rubbing direction 6 of the alignment film 21 on the upper electrode substrate 11, a rubbing direction 7 of the alignment film 22 on the lower electrode substrate 12, and a positive dielectric anisotropy sandwiched between the upper electrode substrate 11 and the lower electrode substrate 12. It is defined by the type and amount of the optical rotatory substance added to the nematic liquid crystal layer 50 having the property.

In FIG. 4, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules between the two upper and lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 sandwiching the liquid crystal layer 50 so as to form a twisted spiral structure, a transparent upper layer made of, for example, glass is used. The rubbing method, which is a method of rubbing the surfaces of the alignment films 21 and 22 made of an organic polymer resin made of polyimide, for example, in contact with the liquid crystal on the lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 with a cloth in one direction, is used. ing. The rubbing direction at this time, that is, the rubbing direction, the rubbing direction 6 in the upper electrode substrate 11, and the rubbing direction 7 in the lower electrode substrate 12 are the alignment directions of the liquid crystal molecules. The two upper and lower electrode substrates 1 that have been oriented in this way
1 and 12 are made to face each other with a gap d ₁ so that the rubbing directions 6 and 7 intersect each other at approximately 180 to 360 degrees, and the two electrode substrates 11 and 12 are notched for injecting liquid crystal. When a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotropy and having a predetermined amount of an optical rotatory substance is enclosed in the gap by sealing with a frame-shaped sealant 52 having a portion 51,
The liquid crystal molecules have a helical molecular arrangement with a twist angle θ in the figure between the electrode substrates. Reference numerals 31 and 32 are transparent upper and lower electrodes made of, for example, indium oxide or ITO (Indium Tin Oxide). A member that brings about a birefringence effect on the upper electrode substrate 11 of the liquid crystal cell 60 thus configured (hereinafter referred to as a birefringence member. Fujimura et al. “ST
N-LCD retardation film ", magazine electronic material 1991
February issue, pages 37-41) 40, and upper and lower polarizing plates 15 and 16 with the member 40 and the liquid crystal cell 60 sandwiched therebetween.

The twist angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal 50 can take a value in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, but is preferably 200 ° to 300 °, but lighting in the vicinity of the threshold value of the transmittance-applied voltage curve. From the practical viewpoint of avoiding the phenomenon that the state becomes an orientation that scatters light and maintaining excellent time division characteristics, the range of 230 to 270 degrees is more preferable. This condition basically makes the response of the liquid crystal molecules to the voltage more sensitive and acts to realize excellent time division characteristics. In order to obtain excellent display quality and the refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₁ of the liquid crystal layer 50 a product [Delta] n ₁ of the thickness d ₁
-D ₁ is preferably set in the range of 0.5 μm to 1.0 μm, more preferably 0.6 μm to 0.9 μm.

The birefringent member 40 acts so as to modulate the polarization state of the light passing through the liquid crystal cell 60, and converts what could be colored display by the liquid crystal cell 60 alone into black and white display. Thus the birefringent member 40 refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₂ and is extremely important product [Delta] n ₂ · d ₂ of a thickness d _2, preferably 0.8μm from 0.4 .mu.m, more preferably 0.5μm To 0.7 μm.

Further, since the liquid crystal display element 62 according to the present invention utilizes the elliptically polarized light due to the birefringence, the polarizing plate 15,
When the uniaxial transparent birefringent plate is used as the birefringent member 40, the relationship between the 16 axes and the liquid crystal alignment directions 6 and 7 of the electrode substrates 11 and 12 of the liquid crystal cell 60 is extremely important. .

The effect of the above relationship will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows an axis of a polarizing plate, an optical axis of a uniaxial transparent birefringent member when the liquid crystal display device having the configuration of FIG. 4 is viewed from above,
3 shows the relationship between the alignment directions of liquid crystal molecule axes of an electrode substrate of a liquid crystal cell.

In FIG. 4, 5 is the optical axis of the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, 6 is the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the birefringent member 40 and the upper electrode substrate 11 adjacent thereto, and 7 is the lower electrode substrate 12. The liquid crystal alignment direction, 8 is the absorption axis or polarization axis of the upper polarization plate 15, 9 is the absorption axis or polarization axis of the lower polarization plate 16, and the angle α is uniaxial birefringence with the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 of the upper electrode substrate 11. The angle β formed by the optical axis 5 of the member 40 is the angle formed by the absorption axis or polarization axis 8 of the upper polarizing plate 15 and the optical axis 5 of the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, and the angle γ is the lower polarizing plate 16. Is the angle between the absorption axis or polarization axis 9 of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal alignment direction 7 of the lower electrode substrate 12.

Here, how to measure the angles α, β and γ in the present specification will be defined. In FIG. 8, an intersection angle between the optical axis 5 of the birefringent member 40 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 of the upper electrode substrate will be described as an example. The intersection angle between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. ₂ , it can be represented by φ ₁ and φ ₂ , but in the present specification, the smaller corner of φ ₁ and φ ₂ is adopted. That is, since φ ₁ <φ ₂ in FIG. 8A, φ ₁ is defined as an intersection angle α between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6,
Since φ ₁ > φ ₂ in FIG. 8B, φ ₂ is defined as an intersection angle α between the optical axis 5 and the liquid crystal alignment direction 6. Of course, either one may be adopted when φ ₁ = φ ₂ .

In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the angles α, β and γ are extremely important.

The angle α is preferably 50 ° to 90 °, more preferably 70 ° to 90 °, the angle β is preferably 20 ° to 70 °, more preferably 30 ° to 60 °, and the angle γ is preferably. It is desirable to set each to 0 to 70 degrees, and more preferably to 0 to 50 degrees.

If the twist angle θ of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the liquid crystal cell 60 is in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, the above angle is satisfied regardless of whether the twist direction 10 is clockwise or counterclockwise. α, β, and γ may be within the above range.

In FIG. 4, the birefringent member 40 is arranged between the upper polarizing plate 15 and the upper electrode substrate 11, but instead of this position, the lower electrode substrate 12 and the lower polarizing plate 16 are provided.
It may be disposed between and. This case corresponds to the case where the entire structure of FIG. 4 is inverted.

Example 1 The basic structure is the same as that shown in FIGS.
In FIG. 5, the twist angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules is 240 degrees, and as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, a liquid crystal cell having a parallel orientation (homogeneous orientation), that is, a twist angle of 0 degree is used. Here, the ratio d / p of the thickness d (μm) of the liquid crystal layer and the helical pitch p (μm) of the liquid crystal material added with the optical rotatory substance was set to 0.67. The alignment films 21 and 22 were formed of a polyimide resin film and used after being rubbed. The alignment film that has been subjected to this rubbing treatment tilts the liquid crystal molecules that are in contact with the alignment film with respect to the substrate surface with a tilt angle (p
The retilt angle) is 4 degrees. The uniaxial transparent birefringent member 4
Δn ₂ · d ₂ of 0 is about 0.6 μm. On the other hand, Δn ₁ · d ₁ of the liquid crystal layer 50 having a structure in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 240 degrees is about 0.8 μm.

At this time, by setting the angle α to about 90 degrees, the angle β to about 30 degrees, and the angle γ to about 30 degrees, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 50 via the upper and lower electrodes 31 and 32 is increased. When the voltage is below the threshold value, light non-transmission, that is, black display, and when the voltage exceeds a threshold value, light transmission, that is, white and black display, can be realized. In addition, the axis of the lower polarizing plate 16 is 50
When rotated 90 degrees from 90 degrees, white and black display, which is white when the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 50 is equal to or lower than the threshold and black when the voltage is equal to or higher than the threshold, can be realized.

FIG. 6 shows a change in contrast during time-division driving at 1/200 duty when the angle α is changed in the configuration of FIG. Although the contrast was extremely high when the angle α was in the vicinity of 90 degrees, the contrast decreased as the angle deviated. Moreover, when the angle α is small, both the lighting part and the non-lighting part are bluish, and when the angle α is large, the non-lighting part is purple and the lighting part is yellow, and in any case black and white display is impossible. Similar results are obtained for the angle β and the angle γ, but in the case of the angle γ, as described above, when the image is rotated from 50 degrees to 90 degrees, the black and white display is reversed.

Example 2 The basic structure is the same as that of Example 1. However, the liquid crystal layer 50
The liquid crystal molecule has a twist angle of 260 degrees, and Δn ₁ · d ₁ is about 0.
The difference is 65 μm to 0.75 μm. Δ of the parallel alignment liquid crystal layer used as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40
n ₂ · d ₂ is about 0.58 μm as in the first embodiment. The ratio of the thickness d ₁ (μm) of the liquid crystal layer to the helical pitch p (μm) of the nematic liquid crystal material to which the optically active substance is added is d / p =
It was set to 0.72.

At this time, by setting the angle α to about 100 degrees, the angle β to about 35 degrees, and the angle γ to about 15 degrees, the monochrome display similar to that of the first embodiment can be realized. It is also similar to the first embodiment in that a reverse black-and-white display is possible by rotating the axial position of the lower polarizing plate from the above value by 50 to 90 degrees. The tendency for the deviations of the angles α, β, and γ is almost the same as that of the first embodiment.

In each of the above embodiments, a parallel alignment liquid crystal cell having no twist of liquid crystal molecules is used as the uniaxial transparent birefringent member 40, but rather a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal molecules are twisted by about 20 to 60 degrees is used. There is less color change depending on the angle. Like the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer 50, this twisted liquid crystal layer is formed by sandwiching liquid crystal between a pair of transparent substrates that have been subjected to the alignment treatment so that the alignment treatment directions intersect a predetermined twist angle. It In this case, the bisected angle of the two orientation treatment directions sandwiching the twisted structure of the liquid crystal molecules may be treated as the optical axis of the birefringent member. A transparent polymer film may be used as the birefringent member 40 (uniaxially stretched film is preferable at this time). In this case, PET (polyethylene terephthalate), acrylic resin film and polycarbonate are effective as the polymer film.

Further, although the single birefringent member is used in the above embodiments, in addition to the birefringent member 40 in FIG. 4, another birefringent member is provided between the lower electrode substrate 12 and the lower polarizing plate 16. It is also possible to insert a bending member. In this case, Δn ₂ · d ₂ of these birefringent members should be readjusted.

Example 3 The basic structure is similar to that of Example 1. However, as shown in FIG. 9, red, green, and blue color filters 3 are provided on the upper electrode substrate 11.
By providing the light shielding film 33D between the filters 3R, 33G, 33B and the filters, multicolor display is possible.

Incidentally, in FIG. 9, each filter 33 is
On the R, 33G, 33B and the light shielding film 33D, a smoothing layer 23 made of an insulating material is formed in order to reduce the influence of these irregularities, and then an upper electrode 31 and an alignment film 21 are formed.

Embodiment 4 A liquid crystal display module 63 in which a liquid crystal display element 62 according to Embodiment 3, a drive circuit for driving the liquid crystal display element 62, and a light source are compactly integrated.

FIG. 10 shows an exploded perspective view thereof. The IC 34 for driving the liquid crystal display element 62 is mounted on a frame-shaped printed board 35 having a window portion for fitting the liquid crystal display element 62 in the center. The printed circuit board 35 in which the liquid crystal display element 62 is fitted is fitted in the window portion of the frame-shaped body 42 formed by plastic molding, the metal frame 41 is superposed on this, and the claws 43 are formed on the frame-shaped body 42. Frame 4 by bending inside the notch 44
1 is fixed to the frame-shaped body 42.

Cold cathode fluorescent lamps 36 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the liquid crystal display element 62, a light guide 37 made of an acrylic plate for uniformly irradiating the liquid crystal display cells 60 with light from the cold cathode fluorescent lamps 36, A reflecting plate 38 formed by applying white paint to a metal plate and a milky white diffusing plate 39 for diffusing light from the light guide 37 are fitted into the window portion from the back side of the frame-shaped body 42 in the order of FIG. Be done. An inverter power supply circuit (not shown) for lighting the cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36 is provided with a recess (not shown) provided on the right side rear portion of the frame-shaped body 42. The recess 4 of the reflection plate 38 is provided.
It is located at a position facing No. 5. ). Diffuser 3
9, light guide 37, cold cathode fluorescent lamp 36, and reflector 38
Attaches the tongue piece 46 provided on the reflection plate 38 to the frame-shaped body 42.
It is fixed by bending it in the small edge 47 provided in the.

Embodiment 5 The liquid crystal display module 63 according to Embodiment 4 is used in the display section of a laptop personal computer.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram thereof, and FIG. 12 is a diagram of the same mounted on the laptop personal computer 64.
The result calculated by the microprocessor 49 is to drive the liquid crystal display module 63 by the drive IC 34 via the control LSI 48.

As described above, according to the above-mentioned embodiment, it is possible to realize the field effect liquid crystal display device which has the excellent time-division driving characteristic and enables the monochrome and multi-color display.

Although the present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. .

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of threshold unevenness due to the progress of the reaction between the transparent electrode and the insulating film on the outer side of the sealing material, and to improve the display quality. Can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

1A is an overall plan view of a liquid crystal display element of a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1B is an enlarged plan view of part A of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB ′ of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 1 (c) showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship among an alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, a twisting direction of liquid crystal molecules, a direction of an axis of a polarizing plate, and an optical axis of a birefringent member in a first embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Is.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of essential parts of a first embodiment of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the twist direction of liquid crystal molecules, the direction of the axis of the deflecting plate, and the optical axis of the birefringent member in the second embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing contrast and transmitted light color-crossing angle α characteristics of the first embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship among the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules, the twisting direction of liquid crystal molecules, the direction of the axis of the deflecting plate, and the optical axis of the birefringent member in the third embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. Is.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining how to measure intersection angles α, β, and γ.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an upper electrode substrate portion of an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display module according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a laptop personal computer according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a laptop computer according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Area | region which does not provide an insulating film, 2 ... Upper insulating film, 3 ... Lower insulating film, 11 ... Upper electrode substrate, 12 ... Lower electrode substrate, 21 ... Upper alignment film, 22 ... Lower alignment film, 31 ... Upper electrode, 32 ... Lower electrode,
50 ... Liquid crystal layer, 52 ... Sealing material, 62 ... Liquid crystal display element,
65 ... Liquid crystal filling port.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshiyuki Murata 3300 Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Hitachi, Ltd. Electronic Device Division (72) Inventor Tadashi Okamoto ▲ High ▼ 3681 Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Hitachi Device Engineering Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Ishii 3681 Hayano, Mobara-shi, Chiba Hitachi Device Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A transparent electrode, an insulating film, and an alignment film, which are sequentially formed, are stacked on each other with a predetermined gap so that the surfaces on which the films are provided face each other. In a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal display element in which both substrates are bonded together by a sealing material provided around the edge of the liquid crystal, and a liquid crystal is sealed between the two substrates, a display of the liquid crystal display element is provided inside the sealing material. A liquid crystal display device, characterized in that a region where the insulating film is not provided is provided outside the portion over the periphery of the edges of the both substrates.