JPH0665787B2 - Carbon fiber strand sizing method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sizing method for obtaining carbon fiber strands having excellent openability and abrasion resistance.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a sizing method for obtaining a carbon fiber strand having excellent openability when impregnated with a resin, which does not generate fluff during rubbing due to a guide or the like in a prepreg manufacturing process and has good handleability. is there.

[Conventional technology and problems]

Carbon fiber strands are widely used in industrial fields such as aircraft and sporting goods as a composite material using various resin compositions as a matrix, taking advantage of their excellent properties, particularly high specific strength and high specific elasticity. .

The carbon fiber strands are impregnated with the resin composition in a state where the carbon fiber strands are aligned in one direction as they are or in a woven state, and molded to obtain a composite material.

In such a processing step, the handling property of the carbon fiber strands is stabilized, and the abrasion resistance of the carbon fiber strands in higher-order processing such as weaving, and various sizing treatment methods for improving the handling property. Have been proposed (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-47953 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-110984).

In the above-mentioned JP-A-62-110984, the compounding ratio of the polyurethane resin to the epoxy resin differs depending on the chemical structure of both resins, the epoxy equivalent and the carboxyl group equivalent and cannot be determined unconditionally. Is overused. However, even with this method, a carbon fiber strand that simultaneously satisfies the abrasion resistance and spreadability of the strand has not been obtained.

In the production of so-called unidirectional prepregs in which carbon fiber strands are arranged in one direction and impregnated with a resin composition, the openability of the carbon fiber strands is an important required performance, and at the same time the system of carbon fiber strands is used. Scratch resistance with guides and the like is also an important required property, but it has been difficult in the prior art to satisfy both of them at the same time.

That is, generally, when the openability is increased, the scratch resistance is decreased,
When the scratch resistance is increased, the spreadability tends to decrease, and it has been difficult to satisfy both of them at the same time.

[Object of the Invention]

The present invention simultaneously satisfies the difficult properties of compatibility of opening property and scratch resistance at the time of prepreg production in the sizing of carbon fiber strands, and is a composite material that the carbon fiber composite material should originally have. An object of the present invention is to provide a sizing method for carbon fiber strands which also satisfies the material properties.

[Structure and Action of Invention]

 The present invention has the following configurations.

A carbon fiber strand is added to an aqueous emulsion containing an epoxy resin (A) as an active ingredient and a water-soluble polyurethane resin (B) having a film flow starting temperature of 90 to 160 ° C in a weight ratio B / A = 0.4 to 1.5. After passing through a plurality of heat rollers of 90 ~ 160 ℃, the first heat roller temperature is 90 ~
115 ° C., the second heat roller temperature is set higher than the first heat roller temperature, and the third and subsequent heat roller temperatures are the same as the second heat roller temperature or lower than the second heat roller temperature. A method for sizing carbon fiber strands, which comprises performing a dry heat treatment while pressing and contacting with each other.

According to the present invention, the resin composition is excellent in spreadability at the time of prepreg production and has good spreadability and spreadability, and moreover, since it is excellent in scratch resistance, fluff is generated due to contact with a roller, a guide or the like during processing time. It is possible to obtain a sizing-treated carbon fiber strand which is free from thread breakage and has good handleability.

Carbon fiber strands in the present invention, acrylonitrile-based, rayon-based, pitch-based known carbon fiber 10
It is a fiber bundle in which 0 to 100,000 filaments are bundled, and carbon fibers include graphite fibers.

In the present invention, the epoxy resin as the component (A) contained in the water emulsion liquid is a commonly known epoxy resin,
Preferred are epoxy resins such as bisphenol A epoxy resin, phenol novolac epoxy resin, vinyl ester epoxy resin and the like.

Further, those containing urethane modified epoxy resin as a main component are also preferable.

Specific examples of these epoxy resins are as follows.

Bisphenol A-based epoxy resin: (for example, epoxy resin obtained by reaction of bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin) Epicoat 828 manufactured by Shell Chemical Co.,
Epicoat 1001, phenol novolac-based epoxy resin: (for example, epoxy resin obtained by reaction of novolac-type phenol resin and epichlorohydrin) Epicoat 152, Epicoat 154 manufactured by Shell Chemical Co.,
Vinyl ester-based epoxy resin: (for example, an epoxy resin obtained by reacting a vinyl compound such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, styrene, and acrylonitrile with glycidyl methacrylate), ether-based epoxy resin: a polyol, a polyether polyol, a polyhydric phenol Epoxidized butadiene-based epoxy resin such as mono-, di- or triglycidyl ether: epoxidized sorbet-based non-glycidyl type such as epoxy resin obtained by reaction of BF-1000 manufactured by Adeka Argus Co. or Hiker manufactured by Goodrich Co. with epoxy compound Epoxy resin modified from the above-mentioned epoxy resin: high molecular weight epoxy resin called phenoxy resin such as urethane modified epoxy resin such as Adeka Resin EPU-6 and Adeka Resin EPO-4 manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd. Le Chemical Co. EPIKOTE OL-55-B-40, EPIKOTE OL-55-B-4
0, DER 684, EK40 manufactured by Dow Chemical Co., phenolate YP50EK40 manufactured by Toto Chemical Co., Ltd., Epiclon H-157, H-353, H-360 manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals.

In the present invention, the water-soluble polyurethane resin is as exemplified below.

Polyether polyurethane resin, Permarin UA
-60, UA-80 (manufactured by Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd.), Aizerax S-10
20, S-1040, S-1060 (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.). For polyester-based polyurethane resin, Iserax 4040-n (Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.), Resamine W-5020
(Manufactured by Dainichi Goka Co., Ltd.), Implaner DLN, DLS, (manufactured by Bayer), Hydran AP-10-40, APX103, APX101H, H
W-350 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.) may be mentioned. The water-soluble polyurethane resin is usually obtained as follows.

(B) Polyethers, polyesters, polyacetals, polybutadiene polyols, polyacrylic polyols, etc. containing hydroxyl groups at the terminals and (b) organic polyisocyanates (diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, hexa) (Methylene diisocyanate, etc.) and (c) compounds having at least one or more isocyanate groups and hydroxyl groups and optionally having at least one or more carboxyl groups [tartronic acid (oxymalonic acid), isopropyl tartrate] Hydroxycarboxylic acids such as rhoic acid, n-propyl tartronic acid, α-oxysuccinic acid, α-oxyadipic acid, and methyl tartronic acid]
And polyaddition reaction. The carboxyl group contained in the above compound is preferably an ammonium salt from the viewpoint of physical properties when used as a composite material.

The film flow start temperature is indicated by a value measured at a film thickness of 100 μm using “Koka type flow tester” manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation.

The weight ratio of epoxy resin (A) and water-soluble polyurethane resin (B) = B / A in the present invention is in the range of 0.4 to 1.5.

If it is less than 0.4, the abrasion resistance is low, the occurrence of fluff and the yarn breakage are increased, and the shape retention of the strand is also lowered, the parallelism of the single fibers during the production of the prepreg is deteriorated, and the openability,
The resin impregnation property is reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 1.5, the spreadability of the strand is deteriorated, the scratch resistance is low, and fluff occurs and the yarn breaks frequently.

A water emulsion liquid containing these components (A) and (B) is obtained by the following method.

First, a water-dispersible epoxy resin emulsion is obtained by a known method in which a surfactant is usually added to an epoxy resin in an amount of 5 to 10% by weight, and then water is added little by little to mechanically perform phase inversion emulsification. In this case, the surfactant is preferably an aromatic nonionic surfactant.

Next, the epoxy resin emulsion liquid and the water-soluble polyurethane resin are mixed by a usual mechanical mixing method.

The sizing agent used in the present invention includes, if necessary, a leveling agent (for example, higher aliphatic amide such as oleic acid amide and stearic acid amide, oleic acid ester, higher aliphatic ester such as stearic acid ester, oleic alcohol, stearin). Alcohol, higher aliphatic alcohol such as cetyl alcohol, etc.) may be added, and addition of a smoothing agent is particularly effective for the purpose of the present invention, and 10% by weight of one or more lubricants is added. It is preferably used below.

The amount of the sizing agent attached to the carbon fibers is usually 0.3 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.7 to 2% by weight, based on the carbon fibers.

Impregnation of the carbon fiber strands with the sizing agent is performed by a known method such as a dipping method, a roller transfer contact method, or a spray method.

The carbon fiber strands provided with the sizing agent are then subjected to press-drying heat treatment on a plurality of hot rollers at 90 to 160 ° C. Outside this temperature range, the object of the present invention is not achieved as described below. The combinational relationship between the pressure-drying heat treatment temperature and the characteristics of the sizing agent is important, and the relationship is shown in Table 1.

The dry heat treatment is performed under pressure with a plurality of heat rollers, and the plurality of heat rollers can be arranged in series and used. At this time, the temperatures of the plurality of heat rollers can be changed stepwise.

Specifically, a plurality of heat rollers of 90 ~ 160 ℃,
The temperature of the first heat roller is 90 to 115 ° C., the temperature of the second heat roller is higher than the temperature of the first heat roller, and the temperature of the third and subsequent heat rollers is the same as the temperature of the second heat roller, or Press drying is performed at a temperature lower than the second heat roller temperature.

If the temperature becomes excessively high between the hot rollers, the strands tend to soften and the winding around the rollers tends to increase.

Therefore, the plurality of heat roller temperatures can be appropriately changed and implemented under these conditions.

The present invention provides a carbon fiber strand that is flat (widening) and has good spreadability by treating the carbon fiber strand with a sizing agent and then pressing and drying the carbon fiber strand with a plurality of heat rollers. Is obtained.

The appropriate amount of the component (A) and the component (B) attached to the carbon fiber strand is 0.3 to 5% by weight. If it is less than 0.3% by weight, the abrasion resistance is poor, and if it exceeds 5% by weight, the tendency of fuzzing due to the stiffening and the reduction of the spreadability becomes strong. It is particularly preferably 0.7 to 2% by weight. The amount of adhesion is adjusted by adjusting the concentration of the sizing agent liquid, adjusting the amount of sizing agent liquid applied, and the like.

〔The invention's effect〕

The sized carbon fiber strand obtained by the present invention is flat and has good openability. For this reason, the resin impregnation property and the strand amplitude property during prepreg production are excellent.

Furthermore, since it is excellent in abrasion resistance, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of fluff and strand breakage due to the cutting of single fibers during abrasion with the strand guide.

[Examples and Comparative Examples]

Example 1 Acrylic carbon fiber strands (single fiber tensile strength 420 kgf / mm ² ,
The sizing agent having the tensile elastic modulus of 21400 kgf / mm ² ) shown in Table 2 was immersed in a sizing bath diluted with water so that the effective solid content concentration was 26 g /, and the carbon fiber strand was impregnated with the sizing agent. .

The carbon fiber strands, the first roller temperature 110 ℃,
2nd roller temperature 120 ℃, 3rd roller temperature 100 ℃, 4th
Each roller having a roller temperature of 90 ° C. was pressed, dried, and heat-treated.

The obtained carbon fiber strands have a water content of 0.01% by weight,
The amount of the sizing agent attached was 1.1% by weight, the width of the carbon fiber strand was 5.3 mm, and it could be wound on the bobbin without false twist.

Also, this carbon fiber strand has a fuzz generation amount of 10 μg.
/ Ft, the generated amount of scratched fluff was 15 μg / ft, and both handleability and scratch resistance were good.

Epoxy resin NN
N'.N'-Tetraglycidyldiaminophenylmethane (manufactured by Ciba Kaigie, MY-720) and curing agent diaminodiphenylsulfone (compounding ratio 40PHR) are continuously supplied on a film of an epoxy resin composition and drawn in parallel. The prepreg was prepared by so-called hot-melt method in which the resin composition was impregnated between the fibers by aligning and passing through rollers and heating under pressure.

At this time, the amount of fluff remaining in the guide is
Zero per 10 kg, and carbon fiber strand width on the roller at a tension of 300 g / 12000 filament is 7.1 m
It was m.

Using the prepreg obtained as described above, a unidirectionally molded plate having a thickness of 3 mm was molded, and ILSS (interlayer shear strength) was measured according to ASTM-D-2344. The results are as follows.

Room temperature: 13.2 kg / mm ² 180 ° C .: 7.4 kg / mm ² Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 The mixing ratio of the components (A) and (B) in Example 1 is shown in Table 3 below. Other than using a different sizing agent,
In the same manner as in Example 1, sizing treatment, prepreg production, and unidirectional molding plate molding were performed.

The results of Examples 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 3.

Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 5 and 6 The procedure was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type of the water-soluble polyurethane resin as the component (B) and the flow starting temperature were changed. When the winding state on the heat roller was examined, the results shown in Table 4 were obtained.

Comparative Examples 7 to 10 (when not pressed and dried) A sizing agent was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the sizing agent in which the mixing ratio of the components (A) and (B) in Example 1 was changed as shown in Table 5. Was granted.

The sizing agent-attached carbon fiber strand was dried for 10 minutes by a hot air dryer at 120 ° C., then a prepreg was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a unidirectional molded plate was molded.

As is clear from Table 4, the one dried without pressing with a hot air dryer had a remarkably low value in the strand width and the strand width on the resin film as compared with Examples 1 to 4, The openability (widening) was poor.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A carbon fiber stride comprising an epoxy resin (A) as an active ingredient and a water-soluble polyurethane resin (B) having a film flow starting temperature of 90 to 160 ° C. in a weight ratio B / A = 0.4.
After passing through a water emulsion solution containing in the range of ~ 1.5, 90
A plurality of heat rollers of 160 to 160 ° C., wherein the first heat roller temperature is 90 to 115 ° C., the second heat roller temperature is higher than the first heat roller temperature, and the third and subsequent heat roller temperatures Is the same as the second heat roller temperature or is lower than the second heat roller temperature, and is subjected to dry heat treatment while being brought into pressure contact with the carbon fiber stride sizing method.