JPH0664458B2 - Wind instrument mouthpiece - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a mouthpiece of a wind instrument such as a flute and a trumpet, and particularly, by improving the flow of air blown into the instrument, the volume and the sound can be easily produced. The present invention relates to a mouthpiece that can improve the rising and rising.

(Prior Art) Various types of wind instruments such as flutes and trumpets have unique configurations and sound generation principles, which have not changed much from the time the instrument was established to the present. As is well known, such a wind instrument includes a tube body and a mouthpiece provided at an end portion or a side portion thereof, and is confined in the pipe body by a flow of air blown from a hole of the mouthpiece. The air column is vibrated to generate sound. Further, from the viewpoint of making this air flow as smooth as possible to form a smooth sound, the inner peripheral surface of the mouth of the song mouth was mirror-finished.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, since the conventional wind instrument generally cannot secure a sufficient flow rate and speed of the air blown from the hole of the mouth, it is difficult to produce a sound and the volume tends to be insufficient. However, there is a drawback that the rise of the sound is not good, and as a result,
It was difficult for beginners to play easily, and it was difficult for even a well-trained performer to perform with a higher musicality, because the speed of sound expression and reaction was restricted.

For example, in the case of a flute, as shown in FIG. 2, a mouthpiece 4 having a hole 5 is provided on the side of the head tube 1 of the tubular body, and the inner peripheral surface of the hole 5 is mirror-finished. The air blown from the lateral direction of the tube toward the corner of the hole 5 of the mouthpiece 4 is advanced in the length direction of the tube to generate a sound. Therefore, when the air flow direction changes from the lateral direction to the length direction when passing through the hole 5 of the singing mouth 4, a separation phenomenon of the air flow occurs near the inner wall of the singing mouth 4, and A large vortex is formed by the turbulence, which causes a large energy loss. As a result, the flow rate and speed of the air that effectively generates the sound are significantly reduced, which causes the above-mentioned problems. The flute has the drawback that it is difficult to produce sounds in the midrange, in particular.

As a structure of a flute mouthpiece for solving such a problem, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
It is possible to change the cross section of the mouthpiece 4 by cutting the corner of the bottom of the inner wall of the to make it round, or to taper the head tube 1 to which the mouthpiece 4 is attached, as shown in FIG. It is known that the structure of such a mouthpiece can hardly prevent the separation phenomenon of the above-mentioned air flow, so that it has only a slight effect that cannot be clearly perceived by the performer. all right.

In the case of a trumpet, as shown in FIG.
The singing mouth 9 has a hole 10 having a mirror-finished substantially conical inner peripheral surface at its tip and is connected to the end of a pipe body (not shown). It is designed to generate sound by blowing air from the
When air passes from 11 to the narrower mouth, it also has the same drawbacks as described above due to the phenomenon of air flow separation. Especially in the case of a trumpet, it is difficult to produce high-pitched sounds, and in order to deal with this,
If you prepare multiple singing mouths with different hole shapes and exchange them before playing, or if you change the position of the inner surface of the hole to which air is blown, the sound range that sounds easily changes slightly. Focusing on that, I was changing the air blowing position during the performance. However, the former is expensive and cumbersome to replace, and the latter requires sophisticated technology.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and improves the ease of producing the sound of a wind instrument, the volume, the rise, and the like, which makes it easier for beginners to perform, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a mouthpiece of a wind instrument, which is capable of playing with a higher musicality.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a wind instrument singing mouthpiece provided in a wind instrument tube body and configured to generate sound by a flow of air blown from a hole. A plurality of recesses are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the hole of the song mouth.

(Operation) When air is blown into the pipe through the hole in the mouth, small air vortices are formed in each of the multiple recesses on the inner surface of the hole, so that the flow of air in this vicinity is reduced. Peeling is prevented.

(Example) Hereinafter, the Example of this invention is described with reference to drawings.

1 and 2 show the entire structure of a flute to which the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the flute has a head tube 1, a body tube 2 and a foot tube 3 each made of silver, gold or nickel silver, etc., which are sequentially fitted into each other to form an integral body. Has been formed. 1 to 4
As shown in the drawing, an opening 1a is formed on the side surface of the head tube 1 on the tip side, and an approximately elliptical mouth 4 is fitted into the opening 1a and fixed by soldering or the like. The song mouth 4 is provided with a substantially elliptical hole 5 penetrating in the radial direction at a position substantially offset from the center in the axial direction and slightly in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a plurality of recesses 6 having a semicircular cross section are formed on the entire inner peripheral surface of the hole 5. The mouthpiece 4 is made of the same or different metal material as the above tubes 1 to 3, and is assembled into a predetermined size and shape by hand or machine before being assembled to the head tube 1, and is surface-finished. .

As shown in FIG. 2, the head tube 1 is provided with a taper whose diameter increases slightly from the tip 1b toward the connecting end 1c with the main body tube 2, and the tip 1b is closed. There is. Also,
The body tube 2 and the foot tube 3 are provided with a plurality of tone holes 7 formed at predetermined positions on the side surface and a plurality of key mechanisms 8 for opening and closing the tone holes 7.

Next, the operation of the mouthpiece of the wind instrument having the above configuration will be described.

When playing the flute, the player puts his / her lips on the mouth 4 from the side and blows air so that the air hits the upper corner of the hole 5 of the mouth 4. This flow of air hits the corner of this hole 5 and is split into two flows, part of which passes through the mouthpiece 4 and escapes to the outside, and the rest of the flow enters the inside and from the head tube 1 Progressing in the length direction toward the main body tube 2 and the foot tube 3, the air column trapped in the tubes is vibrated to generate sound. The pitch of the sound can be changed by opening and closing the tone hole 7 by operating the key mechanism 8 with a finger and changing the length of the air column.

When passing through the mouthpiece 4, the air flow forms a small vortex in each recess 6 formed in the inner peripheral surface of the mouthpiece 4. As a result, the separation of the air flow can be prevented from occurring near the surface of the inner wall of the singing mouth 4, and therefore a large vortex of the air is not generated and the formation of turbulence is prevented, resulting in energy loss. It can be extremely small. For this reason, both the flow rate and the velocity of the air in the pipe are significantly increased compared to the conventional one. Therefore, the increase in the flow rate of the air mainly contributes to the ease and volume of sound, and the velocity of the air increases. Mainly, the onset of the sound can be remarkably improved, so that the beginner can easily perform the performance, and the performer can perform with a higher musicality.

FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the mouthpiece of the present invention is applied to a trumpet. That is, the inner peripheral surface of the substantially conical hole 10 provided at the tip of the song mouth 9 is provided with a plurality of recesses 11 similar to those in the above-described embodiment over the entire inner surface thereof. Is connected to a main body tube (not shown), which is the same as usual. Therefore, by the same action as in the case of the flute, it is possible to significantly increase the flow rate and speed of the air flow through the main body tube, and to significantly improve the volume, easiness of sound emission, and start-up, as compared with the conventional case. . In particular, since it is easier to produce sound over the entire range including the treble range, unlike conventional trumpets, depending on the main range desired by the performer, the singing mouth can be exchanged and the air used during performance. There is no need to change the spraying position, and beginners can easily perform.

Further, it has been confirmed that the mouthpiece of the present invention maintains the sound quality of the flute or the trumpet as in the conventional case, while having such advantages.

It should be noted that although the present invention is applied to the flute and the trumpet in the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to this, and it is apparent that the present invention can be applied to other brass instruments as well. Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, a plurality of concave portions are provided over the entire inner peripheral surface of the hole of the song mouth. Of course, it is also possible to provide only on the front part of the surface.

(Effects of the Invention) As described in detail above, according to the mouthpiece of the wind instrument of the present invention,
Improves the ease of sounding of wind instruments, volume and start-up,
As a result, a beginner can easily perform, and a performer can perform with a higher musicality.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a plan view of a flute to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan view showing a head tube of the flute of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the mouthpiece of FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view showing the mouthpiece of the present invention taken along the line IV-IV in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a plane of the mouthpiece of the trumpet to which the present invention is applied Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line VI-VI in Fig. 5, Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional singing mouth similar to Fig. 3, and Fig. 8 is a conventional singing mouth. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1 ... head tube, 2 ... body tube, 3 ... foot tube, 4, 9 ... song mouth, 5, 10 ... hole, 6, 11 ... recess.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A singing mouth of a wind instrument, which is provided in a tubing body of a wind instrument and is configured to generate sound by a flow of air blown from the hole, wherein a plurality of recesses are provided on an inner peripheral surface of the pit of the singing mouth. A wind instrument mouthpiece characterized by being provided.