JP4440703B2 - Mouthpiece - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a mouthpiece used by being joined to a single-lead woodwind instrument such as a saxophone (sax) or a clarinet.

  A mouthpiece used by being joined to the main body head of a woodwind instrument is used by being joined to a head (neck) such as a saxophone, for example, with a lead fixed by a ligature. During performance, when the performer blows in through the gap between the tip of the mouthpiece (tip) and the lead (tip opening), the waves generated by the flow of breath finely divided by the action of the lead are generated. The baffle and the chamber inside the mouthpiece are sent to the saxophone body and emitted as sound.

  Here, it is known that when the volume of the chamber increases, the timbre becomes darker and thicker, and conversely, when the volume decreases, the timbre becomes brighter and thinner. As for baffles, it is known that the timbre becomes darker when the angle tilted into the mouthpiece body that constitutes the chamber from the tip end (tipfacing) becomes darker, and conversely the sound becomes brighter when the tilt angle is smaller. It has been. In addition, the distance between the lead and the inner wall (bank) facing the lead, the distance between the lead and the tip (gap opening gap), the thickness, thickness and length of the entire mouthpiece, etc. It is known to affect the tone of musical instruments used with a mouthpiece attached, and to affect pitch control. For this reason, it has been difficult to adjust the mouthpiece so as to enable a delicate performance expression by a musical instrument in a state in which the performer can easily perform.

As a proposal related to the shape of such a mouthpiece, Patent Document 1 discloses a mouse in which a vertically long small protrusion is formed on the inner wall of a single lead side facing the inner wall of the baffle side chamber in the mouthpiece chamber. Pieces have been proposed.
JP-A-1-288899

  In a saxophone for classical music that requires a relatively dark tone, the baffle has a large tilt angle and a large chamber volume, whereas pops and fusions that require a relatively bright tone. In the case of a saxophone used for jazz or the like, the bank is relatively high and the inclination angle of the baffle is set to be small. In the case of such a mouthpiece, as in Patent Document 1 described above, even if a protrusion is formed in the chamber, such an effect cannot be obtained. In the case of the mouthpiece used in the saxophone described above, the bank is high and the part where the breath can be taken is narrow, making it difficult to breathe, the sound quality becomes too hard, especially in the high range, the sound becomes thin and the pitch is reduced. There is a problem that it is difficult to control.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by forming a plurality of recess rows composed of a plurality of recesses on the baffle in the vicinity of the tip opening where the player's breath is blown, a sense of sound stability is obtained, An object of the present invention is to provide a mouthpiece capable of generating a sharp tone by improving the passage of breath.

The mouthpiece of the present invention has the following configuration. That is,
A mouthpiece for a single-lead woodwind instrument,
In the vicinity of the tip of the inner wall of the baffle facing the lead side, a plurality of recess rows that are bilaterally symmetrical as viewed from the tip side and reduced in number from the tip side to the inside are arranged. .

  The plurality of recess rows are arranged in a direction to concentrate the breath on the central portion of the baffle when viewed from the tip side, and the shape of each recess of the plurality of recess rows is preferably a circle having substantially the same shape. .

  The depth of the plurality of recesses in the first row closest to the tips of the plurality of recess rows may be the same as or shallower than the depth of the recesses in the second row and the subsequent recess rows. The shape of each recess is preferably changed according to the type of woodwind instrument used, for example, the same saxophone, depending on the soprano saxophone or baritone saxophone. In general, it is desirable to change according to the shape of the mouthpiece (bank height, chamber volume, etc.).

Further, the number of recesses in each of the plurality of recess rows may be reduced as a whole from the row closest to the tip to the row far from the tip, and there may be rows having the same number of recesses.
Furthermore, the number of recesses in each of the plurality of recess rows may be sequentially reduced from the first row, for example, one by one.

  Further, the plurality of recess rows are arranged over a portion where the baffle is inclined from a portion substantially parallel to the lead.

  According to the present invention, by increasing the volume of the region immediately after breathing in from the tip opening and adjusting the flow of the breath to be blown in, the effect of facilitating breathing and controlling the tone of the instrument can be achieved. is there.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a mouthpiece 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  In the figure, reference numeral 100 denotes an outline shape of the mouthpiece 10 according to the present embodiment as viewed from the lead 21 side. Reference numeral 110 denotes a cross-sectional shape taken along the line A-A ′ of the overview 100.

  Reference numeral 11 denotes an opening which forms a lead facing surface facing the attached lead 21. Reference numeral 12 denotes a baffle, which forms an inner wall inclined in the direction of the chamber 18 from the bank 23 in the vicinity of a gap (tip opening) 22 formed by the tip 14 and the lead 21. Reference numeral 13 denotes a table, and a lead 21 is fixed to the surface of the table 13 by a ligature (not shown). Reference numeral 15 denotes a tip rail provided between the tip 14 and the opening 11 and holds the leads 21 together with the side rails 16 on both sides of the opening 11.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a row of depressions (recesses) provided on the baffle 12, and as shown, the length of each row is reduced in the direction of the chamber 18, and each row has one or more rows. It is composed of a plurality of rows including recesses. Reference numeral 20 denotes a shank, which is a part joined to the head of a woodwind instrument such as a saxophone or a clarinet.

  2 is a cross-sectional view of the cut surface B-B ′ of FIG. 1 as viewed from the tip 14 side.

  As is clear from FIG. 2, the inner wall of the baffle 12 forms a curved surface in which the central part is slightly recessed with respect to the peripheral part from the bank 23 on the tip 14 side toward the chamber 18 side of the baffle 12. . That is, the baffle 12 is inclined toward the chamber 18 in a state where the central portion is slightly recessed with respect to the peripheral portion facing the side rail 16.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the recess row 17 according to the present embodiment.

  In this embodiment, the recess row is composed of four rows indicated by 300 to 303, the first row 300 includes five recesses, and the second row 301 is four, which is one less than that. In the same manner, the fourth row 303 is composed of one recess. It should be noted that the number of the recess rows and the number of the recesses in each row are merely examples, and the present invention is of course not limited to these numbers.

  In short, along the direction in which the player's breath is blown, the number of recesses in each row decreases (when the recess rows are viewed as a whole, the shape is a substantially isosceles triangle whose base is on the tip 14 side. ) It is only necessary that each recess row is arranged. Thus, the breath blown by the performer acts so as to be collected toward the center of the baffle 12 when viewed from the tip opening 22 side. Even if there are rows having the same number of recesses, the number of recesses may be reduced as a whole.

  In this embodiment, each recess is circular, its diameter is 2 to 3 mm, and its depth is about 1 mm or less.

  For example, in the case of a soprano saxophone, the shape of the recess is smaller, and in the case of a baritone saxophone, it is desirable to make it larger.

  Further, the depth of the recesses in the first row 300 may be shallower (for example, 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm) than the depths of the recesses in the other rows 301 to 302. Further, in FIG. 3, each row of the concave rows is arranged in a curved shape in accordance with the shape of the tip facing, but may be arranged in a linear shape.

  Alternatively, the shape of each recess of the recesses in the first row 300 may be made slightly larger than the shape of the recesses in the other rows 301 to 303.

  The shape of each recess is preferably circular as in the present embodiment, but an effect close to that of the present embodiment can be obtained even in the case of a triangle or hexagon, for example. In consideration of work efficiency for forming the recesses, a circular shape is desirable.

  The distance between the first row of recesses 300 and the tip end 14 is preferably 1 mm to 1.5 mm.

The length of the recess row 300 closest to the tip side of the recess row 17 is 15 to 17 mm when the width of the table 13 is about 18 mm, and the interval between the recess rows 300 and 303 is about 10 mm. desirable.
Thus, according to the mouthpiece according to the present embodiment, while maintaining the inner wall surface at a certain height, the volume in the chamber is increased by a plurality of recesses to make it easier for the performer to breathe, and tones Can generate a thick sound with power without becoming too hard.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state in which the mouthpiece 10 according to the present embodiment is attached to the neck 32 of the saxophone.

  In the figure, reference numeral 31 denotes a ligature, which is a metal fitting for attaching the lead 21 to the mouthpiece 10. When the mouthpiece 10 is attached to the saxophone body, the tip of the neck 32 is attached by being inserted into the shank 20 of FIG.

  The mouthpiece described above is particularly effective in a mouthpiece in which the bank 23 is high, that is, the interval between the bank 23 and the lead 21 is narrow. Such a mouthpiece produces a bright sound with a lot of volume just by breathing in a little, but there are drawbacks that it is difficult to breathe and the sound becomes too stiff, but in the bank 23 portion as in this embodiment. By providing the depression, the volume of the region immediately after breathing in from the tip opening is slightly increased, and as a result, the tone can be softened.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the mouthpiece which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the B-B 'cross-sectional shape of FIG. It is a figure explaining the recessed part row | line | column which concerns on this Embodiment. It is a general-view figure which shows the state which attached the mouthpiece which concerns on this Embodiment to the neck of a saxophone.

Claims (7)

A mouthpiece for a single-lead woodwind instrument,
In the vicinity of the tip of the inner wall of the baffle facing the lead side, a plurality of recess rows that are bilaterally symmetrical as viewed from the tip side and reduced in number from the tip side to the inside are arranged. Mouthpiece.   The depths of the plurality of recesses in the first row closest to the tips of the plurality of recess rows are equal to or shallower than the depths of the recesses in the second row and the subsequent recess rows. The mouthpiece according to claim 1.   The mouthpiece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the shape of each recess of the plurality of recess rows is substantially the same.   The mouthpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the number of recesses in each of the plurality of recess rows is sequentially reduced from the first row closest to the tip. .   4. The number of recesses in each of the plurality of recess rows is generally reduced from a row closest to the tip toward a row far from the tip. 5. Mouthpiece.   The mouthpiece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the plurality of recess rows are arranged over a portion where the baffle is inclined from a portion substantially parallel to the lead.   2. The mouthpiece according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of recess rows are arranged in a direction in which breath is concentrated in a central portion of the baffle when viewed from the tip side.

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