JPH0661616B2 - Grating manufacturing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to the production of a grating in which end plates are provided on both sides of a main bar made of metal grating, for example, in the form of a grid that covers a side groove or a cross groove of a road. Regarding the device.

<Prior Art> As shown in FIG. 6, the above-mentioned gratings are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the main bars 80, which are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, and the main bars 8 of each other are arranged.
It is composed of a cross bar 81 for fixing 0 in a separated state, and end plates 82 attached to both ends of the main bar 80.

The grating is generally manufactured through the following steps.

Generally, to manufacture gutters for gutters, long flat steel etc., which will be the main bar at the time of completion, is used for 20-30
A few to several tens of them are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

Then, a cross bar such as a straight bar or a twist bar is placed on the flat steel or the like in a direction orthogonal to each other, electrodes are connected, and the two are integrally fixed by a pressure welding method of energizing and welding. A grating material is manufactured, and this grating material is cut into a length corresponding to the width of the side groove by a cutter arranged in a direction orthogonal to the above grating material to manufacture a semi-finished product (commonly called centipede).

Here, end plates made of flat steel or angle bars are attached to both ends of the cut main bar by welding to manufacture grating.

If necessary, this grating is painted or galvanized to obtain a product.

Among the processes for manufacturing such gratings, the above processes are relatively simple operations, and all of them are produced by an automated device.

However, in particular, the above-mentioned process is difficult to automate because the work is complicated because there are many welding points and the abutting positions of the main bar and the end plate must be accurately welded. Moreover, for the semi-finished grating products,
There are many types that match the types of gutter widths, and a positioning device that can fix all of these semi-finished products is required.
As this positioning device, there is provided a jig that moves from four directions and holds the semi-finished product.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, such a jig that is sandwiched from four sides is
There are the following problems.

That is, since the semi-finished product is configured to be pressed from four sides to the inside of the semi-finished product for positioning, four hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders are required, which complicates the structure and hinders the construction of an automatic production line. There is a drawback that.

Also, when manufacturing gratings of different sizes,
There is a problem that much labor and time are required to change the positions of the four hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders. Furthermore, in the case of main welding, if spot welding is performed by sequentially moving from one end side to the other end side, the location where the temperature becomes high due to welding moves from one end of the end plate to the other end in order. There is a problem that heat accumulation in each part such as the end plate becomes large, welding distortion occurs, and the manufactured grating is deformed to have a low commercial value.

In view of the above problems, the present invention can easily perform positioning when welding end plates to differently sized grating semi-finished products, and weld even if the end plate and the main bar are welded. An object of the present invention is to provide a grating manufacturing apparatus suitable for automation with almost no distortion.

<Means for Solving the Problem> In order to achieve the above object, the manufacturing method of the grating of the present invention is carried out by bringing the side portion of the semi-finished product into contact with a reference plate provided on one side of the conveyor, When reaching the predetermined welding work position, the semi-finished product is pressed against the reference plate at each work position to perform positioning, and first, the end plates supplied to both sides of the semi-finished product and the four corners of the semi-finished product are temporarily fixed,
Next, among the contact portions between the main bar and the end plate of the semi-finished product, a plurality of places are welded to position the end plate, and thereafter, the main welding of the contact portions is performed,
Further, it is characterized in that the semi-finished product is turned over to perform the main welding of the contact portion on the opposite surface.

Further, the grating manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a conveyor for conveying the semifinished grating product, and a reference plate for conveying the side surface of the semifinished product to one side of the conveyor is provided. Along the transport conveyor, the end plates supplied to both sides of the semi-finished product and the four corners of the semi-finished product are spot-welded to temporarily fix the end plate to the semi-finished product. A positioning device that positions the end plate by fillet-welding multiple parts of the contact part with the main bar, a first main welding device that performs main welding of the contact part, and one side with this first main welding device Is provided with a reversing device for reversing the front and back of the semi-finished product with all the contacting parts welded, and a second main welding device for performing main welding of the contacting part of the reversed semi-finished product, Positioning device for positioning the semi-finished product which is in position against the criteria plate, characterized in that it provided corresponding to the respective devices.

<Operation> According to the above configuration, the positioning device can perform positioning by pressing the grating semi-finished product against the reference plate at each welding work position. Then, each welding device can temporarily fix and position the end plate and the semi-finished product supplied to the end portion of the positioned semi-finished product, and further perform the main welding. Then, after the reversing device reverses the semi-finished product, the second main welding portion can perform the main welding on the other surface side. Since each welding device is provided along the conveyor, each process can be continuously performed while automatically controlling each process.

<Embodiment> Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a grating manufacturing apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention.

In this manufacturing apparatus 1, the main bar M and the cross bar C are framed in a grid pattern, and the semifinished product a (see FIG. 2) until the end plate E is fixed thereto and the end plate E are welded. A roller conveyor 2 for conveying products is provided, and a temporary welding device 3, a positioning welding device 4, a main welding device 5, and a discharging device 6 are sequentially arranged along the roller conveyor 2. There is.

Position fixing devices 7 are provided at the positions where the welding devices 3, 4, and 5 are provided, and the semi-finished product a conveyed to each device is placed at a predetermined position during the operation of each device. Can be fixed. The position fixing device 7 is a first position fixing portion 7 provided corresponding to each welding device 3, 4, 5.
A, a second position fixing portion 7B, and a third position fixing portion 7C. The basic structure of the position fixing device 7 is, as shown in FIG. 2, a reference plate 71 provided along one side of the roller conveyor 2 and a roller conveyor 2.
A stopper 72 which is provided on the side of the traveling direction of the semi-finished product a conveyed by the above and is arranged in a direction intersecting with the reference plate 71.
And a proximity to the reference plate 71 while maintaining a parallel state,
It is provided with a pusher 73 that separates, a pneumatic cylinder 74 that reciprocates the pusher 73, and an auxiliary pressing plate 75 that approaches and separates while maintaining a parallel state to the stopper 72. The stopper 72 can be protruded from below the roller conveyor 2 to the upper surface side of the roller conveyor 2 at a predetermined timing, and the auxiliary pressing plate 75 is protruded to the surface side of the roller conveyor 2 like the stopper 72. The roller conveyor 2 is reciprocally movable in the transport direction of the roller conveyor 2.

The belt conveyor 2 is divided into two parts: a first conveyor 21 provided at the temporary welding position 3 and the positioning welding device 4 and a second conveyor 22 provided at the main welding position 5.

Then, of the position fixing device 7, the position fixing device 7A
The position fixing device 7B is provided at a predetermined position of the first conveyor 21, and the position fixing device 7C is provided at a predetermined position of the second conveyor 22.

The temporary fixing welding device 3 includes a welding portion 31 for performing electric spot welding. As shown in FIG. 3, the temporary fixing of the semi-finished product a including the main bar M and the cross bar C and the end plate E is performed. It is something to do. The welding part 31 is attached to a drive part (not shown) that moves to positions corresponding to the four corners of the semi-finished product a. As a result, among the abutting portions between the end plates E and the main bar M, which are arranged in a state of being pressed against both ends of the main bar M by the position fixing device 7A, the positions corresponding to the four corners of the semi-finished product a (see FIG. 3). Welding (indicated by the arrow x).

In addition, in this grating manufacturing apparatus, the back side is welded first to the first half of the temporary welding apparatus 3, the positioning welding apparatus 4, and the main welding apparatus 4 with the semi-finished product a facing down.

Next, the positioning welding device 4 is provided with a pair of welded portions 41 for fillet welding, and as shown in FIG. 4, a semi-finished product to which the end plate E is temporarily attached at the temporary fixing welding position 3. Since the end plate E and the main bar M are reliably welded with respect to a, the end plate E and the main bar M can be main-welded without distortion so that the end plate E and the main bar M are not adjacent to each other. Welding is performed on the entire one-corner portion (indicated by arrow y in the drawing) of every three contacting portions of the main bar M. The welds 41 are arranged on both sides of the semi-finished product a, respectively, and are reciprocally movable along the longitudinal direction of the end plate E.

The main welding device 5 includes a first main welding portion 5 including electric spot welding.
1st and 2nd main welding part 52 and these welding parts 51 and 52
And a reversing unit 53 disposed in the middle of. The first main welded portion 51 includes the main bar M and the end plate E for the semi-finished product a in which the end plate E is positionally welded to the main bar M by the positioning welding device 4 described above.
Among the contacting parts of and, the remaining contacting parts which are not welded by the positioning welding device 4 are welded.
Then, the reversing portion 53 is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the semi-finished product a so that the semi-finished product a in which all the contact portions of the main bar M and the end plate E on the back side are welded can be reversed and directed to the front side. A pair of hand parts 55, which can be clamped on both sides and which can be rotated 180 degrees around a horizontal axis in a state of clamping the semi-finished product a, and the semi-finished product a are magnetically attracted and lifted up to the height of the hand parts 55. At the same time, a lifting portion 56 for returning the inverted semi-finished product a onto the original second conveyor 22.
It is composed of and.

Further, the second main welding portion 52 reciprocates and welds all the contacting portions of the main bar M of the semifinished product a on the front side and the end plate E.

The first main welding portion 51 and the second main welding portion 52 are arranged on both sides of the semi-finished product a, respectively, and are reciprocally movable along the longitudinal direction of the end plate E. Moreover, these welding parts 51 and 52 are made outward so that the starting point of the welding is at the center of the end plate E so as to avoid the accumulation of heat by welding.
It is controlled so as to be able to perform welding while reciprocating by changing the position every time welding is performed at one place or every several times with the center point sandwiched therebetween.

Further, the carry-out device 6 is provided above the end of the second conveyor 22, and the magnetic attraction section 61 that attracts the product A and the magnetic attraction section 61 are moved up and down from the second conveyor 22. Drive unit 62 for moving to a product storage place
It has and.

A manufacturing process and a manufacturing method of the grating by the manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the grating semi-finished product a shown in FIG. 5 (a) is the main bar M before the material is conveyed to the manufacturing apparatus 1.
The crossbar C and the crossbar C are assembled by a pressure welding method, and the material is cut into a required size and manufactured.

Then, the semi-finished product a in this state is faced down and conveyed to the temporary fixing welding device 3 by the first conveyor 21. In this temporary fixing welding device 3, the position fixing device 7A presses the end plate E supplied from the automatic supply device or the like against the semi-finished product a to fix the semi-finished product a, and the four corner positions of the semi-finished product a are fixed. At, the end plate E and the semi-finished product a are abutted to each other by spot welding to temporarily fix the end plate E (see FIG. 5 (b)).

Next, the semi-finished product a is conveyed to the positioning welding device 4 by the first conveyor 21. This positioning welding device 4
Then, the main bar M and end plate E of the above semi-finished product a
Among the abutting portions of, the welded portion 41 performs fillet welding every three main bars M (see FIG. 5 (c)). As for the welding sequence at this time, in the case of the configuration of this embodiment, the main bars M are welded every other three without welding the adjacent main bars M at the two welded portions 41 arranged on both sides. M
The welding is performed by moving in one direction from one end to the other end while taking into consideration the heat dissipation of the end plate E and the like.

Further, the semi-finished product a in which the end plate E is positioned as described above is taken over by the second conveyor 22 and conveyed to the next main welding portion 5.

In the main welded portion 5, first, in the first main welded portion 51,
Of the contact portions of the main bar M and the end plate E, welding is performed on the upper surface of the remaining contact portions that have not been welded by the positioning welding device 4 (see FIG. 5 (d)).
In this case, the welding sequence is to start from the center and perform welding while reciprocating by changing the position every time one spot is welded or every few spots with the central portion sandwiched therebetween. As a result, even if the semi-finished product a is heated for welding, the heat dissipation effect is improved, and it is possible to effectively prevent the grating from being distorted after manufacturing.

When all the welding points on the back surface side of the semi-finished product a are welded, the semi-finished product a is conveyed to the next reversing section 53, and the front side is turned to the front side. Then, the semi-finished product a is welded to the front side main bar M and the end plate E by the second main welding portion 52 (see FIG. 5 (e)), and the finished product A is manufactured.

This grating is magnetically adsorbed and lifted by the next carrying-out device 6, and is conveyed to the product storage area outside the second conveyor 22.

Each conveyor and each process are controlled by a central control system (not shown).

The grating is manufactured by the above steps, but if necessary, it is painted or galvanized to obtain a finished product.

According to the manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment, the position fixing device 7 for positioning the end plate E on the semi-finished product a moves the conveyed semi-finished product a by the pusher 73 and the auxiliary pressing plate 75. Since the positioning is performed by pressing the side portion against the reference plate 71 and the tip portion against the stopper 72, only one side of the semi-finished product a can be used as a reference for positioning, and the pneumatic cylinder 74, pusher 73, etc. 1
Only a set is needed, and the structure is very simple.

Moreover, even when manufacturing gratings corresponding to various side groove widths, this can be dealt with by the stroke length of the air cylinder 74, so that it is not necessary to change the position of the pusher 73 each time.

Similarly, in the case where the semi-finished product a is reversed at the reversing portion 53 of the main welding portion 5 and is placed on the second conveyor 22 again,
By simply pressing the semi-finished product a against the reference plate 71 or the like, the semi-finished product a can be reliably positioned at a predetermined position, and welding mistakes can be prevented.

Further, in the main welding portion 5, the welding of the main bar M and the end plate E is alternately performed starting from the central portion and reciprocating to both sides thereof, so that even if the semi-finished product a is heated by the welding, the semi-finished product a is heated. Since the whole a is uniformly heated and the heat is evenly dissipated, the manufactured grating is hardly distorted.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the manufacturing method and apparatus for a grating of the present invention, the welding of the end plate to the semi-finished product is automatically performed on the conveyor in accordance with each step, and the semi-finished product Since only one side of the two opposite sides can be positioned at the working position along the reference plate material, it is possible to configure a positioning means having a simple structure, which contributes to cost reduction. In addition, when manufacturing gratings of different sizes, it is not necessary to change the position of the pressing member of the positioning means, and labor and time can be saved.

In addition, when joining the end plate to the main bar, among the abutting parts, a plurality of places are first welded and then main welding is performed, so that the manufactured grating is hardly distorted, and the quality is very high. Grating can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a grating manufacturing apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a positioning apparatus, FIG. 3 is a plan view of a temporary fixing welding apparatus, and FIG. 4 is positioning welding. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the apparatus, FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (e) are schematic plan views showing a manufacturing process of grating by the above manufacturing apparatus, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing one aspect of the grating. M ... Main bar, C ... Crossbar, E ... End plate, a ... Grating semi-finished product, 2 ... Roller conveyor, 3 ... Temporary fixing welding device, 4 ...
Positioning welding equipment, 51 ... 1st main welding equipment, 52 ...
Second main welding device, 53 ... Inversion part, 7 ... Position fixing device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for manufacturing a grating by welding an end plate to a semifinished grating product manufactured by cutting a grating material having a crossbar fixed to a long metal material to be a main bar to a predetermined length. , The side of the semi-finished product is brought into contact with the standard plate provided on one side of the conveyor, and the semi-finished product is conveyed when it reaches the predetermined welding work position, and the semi-finished product is pressed against the standard plate at each work position for positioning. At the same time, first temporarily fix the end plates supplied to both sides of the semi-finished product and the four corners of the semi-finished product, and then
Of the contact parts between the main bar and the end plate of the semi-finished product, a plurality of places are welded to position the end plate, and then the main contact welding of the contact parts is performed.
A method for manufacturing a grating, which comprises inverting a semi-finished product and performing a main welding of an abutting portion on the opposite surface. 2. A grating manufactured by cutting a grating material, in which a crossbar is fixed to a long metal material constituting a main bar, into a predetermined length, and electrically welding an end plate to a semifinished grating product. In the device, which is provided with a conveyor for conveying the grating semi-finished product, provided with a reference plate for bringing the side surface of the semi-finished product into contact with one side of the conveyor, along the conveyor, A temporary fixing device that temporarily fixes the end plate to the semi-finished product by spot welding the end plates supplied to both sides of the semi-finished product and the four corners of the semi-finished product, and the contact between the end plate and the main bar temporarily fixed by the above-mentioned temporary fixing device Of the parts, a positioning device for performing fillet welding at a plurality of positions to position the end plate, a first main welding device for performing main welding of the abutting part, A reversing device for reversing the front and back of a semi-finished product in which all contact parts on one side are welded with one welding device, and a second main welding device for performing main welding of the contact part of the reversed semi-finished product are further provided. , A positioning device for pressing the semi-finished product conveyed to each of the above devices to a reference plate and positioning it at a predetermined position,
An apparatus for manufacturing grating, which is provided corresponding to each of the above apparatuses.