JPH0342178A - Manufacture of grating and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To furnish grating of high quality by subjecting an end plate and a grating semifinished product to tack-welding, positioning and main welding, reversing the semifinished product by a reversing device and then, subjecting the other surface side to main welding by second main welding. CONSTITUTION:A positioning device 7 presses the grating semifinished product (a) against a reference plate 71 at each welding working position to carry out positioning. Each welding equipment then performs tack-welding, positioning and further, main welding on the end plate E supplied to an end of the above- mentioned semifinished product positioned and the semifinished product (a). The reversing device 53 then reverses the above-mentioned semifinished product (a) and then, the other surface side is subjected to main welding on a second weld zone 52. Since each welding equipment is provided along a carrying conveyor 2, each stage can be performed continuously while being controlled automatically. By this method, since plural places are first welded and further, main welding is performed, the manufactured grating is hardly strained and the grating of the high quality can be furnished.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention is directed to the manufacture of metal gratings in which end plates are provided on both sides of the main bar of metal gratings in the form of a lattice that covers, for example, side ditches or cross ditches of roads. Regarding equipment.

<Prior Art> As shown in FIG. 6, the above-mentioned grating has main bars 80 arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals, and is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the main bars 80, so that each main bar 8
The main bar 80 is composed of a cross bar 81 that fixes the main bar 80 in a spaced state, and end plates 82 that are respectively attached to both ends of the main bar 80.

The grating described above is generally manufactured through the following steps.

In general, to manufacture gutter grating, 1) 20 to 30 to several dozen long flat steel bars, etc., which will become the main bar when completed, are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.

■A cross bar, such as a straight bar or a twisted bar, is then grown in a perpendicular direction on top of this flat steel, electrodes are connected, and the two are fixed together using a pressure welding method in which electricity is applied and welded. Then, using a cutter placed perpendicular to the grating material, this grating material is cut into a length commensurate with the width of the gutter to produce a semi-finished product (commonly known as a centipede). do.

■Here, the grating is manufactured by attaching end plates made of flat steel or angle bars to both ends of the cut main bar by welding.

■This grating is finished as a product by being painted or galvanized as necessary.

Of the processes for manufacturing such gratings, the above
Processes 2 and 3 are relatively simple operations, and are all produced using automated equipment.

However, in particular, the actual process described above is complicated and difficult to automate, as there is a lot of welding cylinder noise and the main bar and end plate must be precisely welded at the abutting position. Moreover, for grating semi-finished products,
There are many types of semi-finished products available depending on the width of the gutter, and a positioning device that can fix all of these semi-finished products is required.

As this positioning device, a jig that moves from all sides and clamps the semi-finished product has been provided.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> However, such a jig that clamps from all four sides has
There are some problems as follows.

In other words, since the configuration is such that positioning is performed by pressing inward from the semi-finished product from all sides, four medium-pressure or pneumatic cylinders are required, which complicates purchasing and reduces the cost of automatic production lines. The drawback is that it hinders construction.

However, when manufacturing gratings of increased size, there is a problem in that a great deal of labor and time is required to change the direct placement of the four pneumatic cylinders.

In addition, during actual welding, if spot welding is performed by moving from the - welding side to the other welding side in order, the high temperature points for welding will move from one end of the end plate to the other end. As a result, there is a problem in that the temperature buildup in various parts such as the end plate increases, causing welding distortion and deforming the manufactured grating, resulting in low commercial value.

In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention enables easy positioning when welding end plates to semi-finished gratings of different sizes, and also enables easy welding even when welding end plates and main bars. It is an object of the present invention to provide a grating manufacturing device suitable for automation in which almost no distortion occurs.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the method for manufacturing a grating of the present invention involves transporting a semi-finished product by bringing the side of the semi-finished product into contact with a reference plate provided on one side of a transport conveyor, When the predetermined welding work position is reached, the semi-finished product is pressed against the reference plate at each work position for positioning, and first, the end plates supplied on both sides of the semi-finished product are temporarily fixed to the four corners of the semi-finished product,
Next, the end plate is positioned by welding multiple locations of the contact portion between the main bar and the end plate of the semi-finished product, and after that, the main welding of the contact portion is performed,
Furthermore, it is characterized in that the semi-finished product is reversed and the main welding is performed on the abutting portion on the opposite side.

Further, the grating manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is provided with a transport conveyor for transporting the semi-finished grating product, and a reference plate is provided on one side of the transport conveyor for transporting the semi-finished product in contact with the side surface of the semi-finished product. A temporary fixing device that temporarily fixes the end plate to the semi-finished product by spot welding the four corners of the semi-finished product with the end plates supplied on both sides of the semi-finished product along the conveyor, and the end plate temporarily fixed with the above temporary fixing device. A positioning device that performs fillet welding at multiple locations of the contact portion with the main bar to position the end plate, a first main welding device that performs main welding of the contact portion, and a single side welding device that performs main welding of the above contact portions. A reversing device for reversing the front and back of the semi-finished product with all contact parts welded, and a second main welding device for performing main welding of the abutting parts of the reversed semi-finished product, and further conveying to each of the above devices. The present invention is characterized in that a positioning device for pressing the finished semi-finished product against a reference plate and positioning it at a predetermined position is provided in correspondence with each of the above devices.

Function> According to the above configuration, the positioning device can perform positioning by pressing the grating semi-finished product against the reference plate at each welding work position. Then, each welding device can temporarily fix and position the end plate and the semi-finished product supplied to the end of the positioned semi-finished product, and then perform final welding. Then, after the reversing device reverses the semi-finished product, the second main welding portion or the other side can be main welded.

Since each welding device is provided along the conveyor, each process can be performed continuously, and it can also be used as a device that automates all the devices.

<Example> Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a grating manufacturing apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention.

This manufacturing apparatus 1 has a main bar M and a cross bar C arranged in a lattice-like frame, to which the grating semi-finished product a (see Fig. 2) and the above-mentioned end brake E are welded until the end plate E is fixed. A roller conveyor 2 is provided for conveying the products, and a temporary welding device 3 and a positioning welding device 4 are installed along the roller conveyor 2.
, the main welding device 5 and the σ discharge device 6 are arranged at the top.

Positioning devices 7 are provided at the positions where each of the welding devices 3.4.5 is installed, and the semi-finished product a transported to each device is fixed in a predetermined position during the operation of each device. You can keep it. The positioning device 7 includes a first positioning section 7 provided corresponding to each welding device 3, 4.5.
A, a second positioning section 7B, and a third positioning section 7C. The basic structure of this positioning device 7, as shown in FIG. A positioning stopper 72 provided on the direction side and arranged in a direction intersecting the reference plate 71, a button 73 that approaches and moves away from the reference plate 71 while maintaining a parallel state to the reference plate 71, and a reciprocating movement of the button 73. It includes a pneumatic cylinder 74 and an auxiliary pressing plate 75 that approaches and moves away from the positioning stopper 72 while maintaining a parallel state. The positioning stopper 72 can be projected from below the roller conveyor 2 to the upper surface side of the roller conveyor 2 at a predetermined timing, and the auxiliary suppressing plate 75 is attached to the positioning stopper 72.
Similarly, it can be freely projected to the surface side of the roller conveyor 2,
Moreover, it is configured to be able to freely reciprocate in the conveying direction of the roller conveyor 2.

The belt conveyor 2 has a first conveyor 21 provided in the temporary welding device 3 and the positioning welding device 4, and a second conveyor 22 provided in the main welding device 5, since the timing of feeding the semi-finished product a is different. It is divided into two parts.

Of the positioning devices 7, the positioning device 7A
and a positioning device 7B are provided at a predetermined position on the first conveyor 21, and a positioning device 7C is provided at a predetermined position on the second conveyor 22.

The temporary welding device 3 is equipped with a welding section 31 that performs electric spot welding, and as shown in FIG. It is something to do. This welded portion 31 is attached to a drive unit (not shown) that moves to positions corresponding to the four corners of the semi-finished product a. This allows the positioning device 7A to locate the four corners of the semi-finished product a (as shown in the drawing) among the abutting portions between the main bar M and both end plays 1-E, which are pressed against both ends of the main bar M. Welding can be performed at the point (indicated by arrow X).

In addition, in this grating manufacturing apparatus, welding is first performed on the back side of the semi-finished product a in the first half of the temporary welding device 3, positioning welding device 4, and main welding device 4, with the semi-finished product a facing down.

Next, the positioning welding device 4 is equipped with a pair of welding parts 41 for performing fillet welding, and as shown in FIG. By positioning the end plate E and the main bar M securely with respect to a, the end plate E and the main bar M are properly welded with a distortion t. For example, main bar M 3
The entire corner of the contact area of the bookcase (indicated by arrow y in the drawing)
Welding is performed on The welded portion 41 is a semi-finished product a
They are arranged on both sides of the end plate E, and are provided so as to be movable back and forth along the longitudinal direction of the end plate E.

The main welding device 5 includes a first main welding section 5 equipped with electric spot welding.
1 and 2 main welding parts 52 and these welding parts 51.52
and an inversion part 53 disposed in the middle of the . The first main welding part 51 is formed between the main bar M and the end plate E with respect to the semi-finished product a which has been positionally welded to the end plate E or the main bar M by the positioning welding device 4 described above.
Of the portions that were in contact with each other, the remaining abutting portions that were not welded by the positioning welding device 4 are welded.

The reversing part 53 extends in the longitudinal direction of the semi-finished product a so that the semi-finished product a, in which all the contact parts between the main bar M and the end plate E on the back side are welded, can be reversed and turned to the front side. A pair of hand parts 55 configured to be able to expand and contract to hold both sides of the semi-finished product a and to be able to rotate 180 degrees around a horizontal axis while holding the semi-finished product a;
The lifting part 56 magnetically attracts and lifts the semi-finished product a to a height of 5, and returns the inverted semi-finished product a onto the original second conveyor 22.

Further, the second main welding section 52 welds all of the abutting portions of the main bar M and the end plate E of the semi-finished product a on the front side while reciprocating.

The first main welding part 51 and the second main welding part 52 are both arranged on both sides of the semi-finished product a, and are configured to be able to reciprocate along the longitudinal direction of the end plate E.

Moreover, these welding parts 51 and 52 are welded with the welding starting point at the center of the end plate E and are made outward, and welding is performed alternately or several times each time welding one place, sandwiching this central point. The control is such that the welding can be performed by alternating positions each time welding is performed, and without reciprocating.

Further, the unloading device 6 is provided above the terminal end of the second conveyor 22, and has a magnetic attraction part 61 that attracts the product A, and a magnetic attraction part 61 that is moved up and down and raised from the second conveyor 22. Drive unit 62 that moves the product to the separated product storage area
It is equipped with.

The grating manufacturing process and manufacturing method using the manufacturing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, the grating semi-finished product a shown in FIG. It is.

Then, the semi-finished product a in this state is transported face down to the temporary welding device 3 by the first conveyor 21. In this temporary welding device 3, the positioning device 7A presses the end plate E supplied by an automatic supply device or the like against the semi-finished product a, and the end plate E and the semi-finished product a are placed at the four corner positions of the semi-finished product a. Temporarily fix the end plate E by spot welding the abutting part (Fig. 5 +
b)).

Next, this semi-finished product a is conveyed to the positioning welding device 4 by the first conveyor 21.

In this positioning welding device 4, a welding portion 41 is located in the contact portion between the main bar M and the end plate E of the semi-finished product a.
performs fillet welding on three δ lines of the main bar M (see Fig. 5).
See C). In the case of the configuration of this embodiment, the welding order at this time is as follows:
Since welding is performed every third main bar M without welding the main bars M in contact with each other, welding is performed by moving in one direction from one end to the other while taking into consideration the heat radiation of the main bar M and end plate E. Is going.

Further, the semi-finished product a with the end plate E positioned as described above is transferred to the second conveyor 22 and conveyed to the next main welding section 5.

In this main welding section 5, first, in the first main welding section 51,
Welding is performed on the upper surface of the remaining contact portion between the main bar M and the end plate E that was not welded by the positioning welding device 4 (see Fig. 5).

In this case, the welding order is to start from the center, and weld back and forth, alternating every time one place is welded, or alternately every time several places are welded, starting from the center. Thereby, even if the semi-finished product a is heated for welding, the heat dissipation effect is improved and it is possible to effectively prevent the grating from being distorted after manufacturing.

When all the welding points on the back side of this semi-finished product a are welded, the semi-finished product a is transported to the next reversing section 53, and the front side is turned to the front side. Then, in the semi-finished product a, the main bar M on the front side and the end plate E are welded by the second main welding part 52 (see FIG. 5(e)), and the product A as a grating is manufactured.

This grating is magnetically attracted and lifted by the next unloading device 6, and is transported to a product storage area off the second conveyor 22.

A grating is manufactured through the above steps, and if necessary, it is painted, galvanized, etc. to become a finished product.

According to the manufacturing apparatus of this embodiment, the positioning device 7 for positioning the end plate E on the semi-finished product a holds the transported semi-finished product a on its longitudinal side using the pusher 73 and the auxiliary pressing plate 75. Since positioning is performed by pressing the part against the standard plate 71 and pressing the tip side against the positioning stopper 72, it is possible to position only one side of the semi-finished product a as a standard, and the pneumatic cylinder 74 and the pusher 7
Only one set of third class is required, making the structure extremely simple.

Furthermore, even when manufacturing gratings of different sizes, gratings of various sizes can be manufactured by setting the position when the bushing 73 is retreated to be further outside of the largest semi-finished product a. There is no need to change the position of the bushing 73 each time.

Similarly, even when the semi-finished product a is reversed at the reversing section 53 of the main welding section 5 and placed on the second conveyor 22 again,
By simply pressing this semi-finished product a against the reference plate 71 or the like, it can be reliably positioned at a predetermined position, and welding errors can be prevented.

Furthermore, in the main welding section 5, welding between the main bar M and the end plate E is performed alternately starting from the center and reciprocating on both sides, so even if the semi-finished product a is heated by welding, Since the entire grating a is heated evenly and the heat is evenly dissipated, almost no distortion occurs in the manufactured grating.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the grating manufacturing method and apparatus of the present invention, positioning can be performed using the height of only one side of the two opposing sides of the semi-finished product as a reference. The positioning means can be constructed with a simple structure, contributing to cost reduction, and even when manufacturing gratings of different sizes, there is no need to change the position of the suppressing member of the positioning means. , it can save effort and time.

In addition, when joining the end plates to the main bar, we first weld multiple parts of the contact parts and then perform the main welding, so the manufactured grating is hardly distorted and is very stable. We can provide seat quality grating.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 2 is a side view showing a grating manufacturing device as an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a positioning device, Fig. 3 is a plan view of a temporary welding device, and Fig. 4 is a positioning welding device. Plane Z1 of the device FIG. 5 (al~(el is a schematic plan view showing the grating manufacturing process by the above manufacturing device, FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing one aspect of the grating. M... Main bar C. ...Crossbar E...
End plate, a... Grating semi-finished product, 2... Roller conveyor, 3... Temporary welding device, 4
... Positioning welding device, 51... First main welding device, 52... Second main welding device,
53... Reversing section, 7... Positioning device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grating is manufactured by welding an end plate to a semi-finished grating manufactured by cutting a grating material with a cross bar fixed to a long metal material that will become the main bar into a predetermined length. In this method, the semi-finished product is transported by contacting the side of the semi-finished product with a reference plate provided on one side of the conveyor, and when the predetermined welding work position is reached, the semi-finished product is pressed against the reference plate at each work position. At the same time, first, the end plates supplied to both sides of the semi-finished product are temporarily fastened to the four corners of the semi-finished product, and then, among the contact parts between the main bar and the end plate of the semi-finished product, multiple points are fixed. Manufacture of grating characterized by welding to position the end plate, then performing main welding on the abutting part, and then inverting the semi-finished product and performing main welding on the abutting part on the opposite side. Method 2: A device that manufactures a grating by electrically welding end plates to a semi-finished grating manufactured by cutting a grating material with a crossbar fixed to a long metal material constituting the main bar into a predetermined length. A conveyor is provided for conveying the grating semi-finished product, and a reference plate is provided on one side of the conveyor for conveying the semi-finished product with the side surface of the semi-finished product in contact with the semi-finished product. Temporary fixing device that temporarily fixes the end plate to the semi-finished product by spot welding the four corners of the supplied end plate and semi-finished product on both sides of Among them, a positioning device performs fillet welding at multiple locations to position the end plate, a first main welding device performs main welding of the abutting portion, and this first main welding device welds all the abutting portions on one side. A reversing device for reversing the front and back sides of semi-finished products, and a second main welding device for performing main welding of the abutting portions of the reversed semi-finished products are provided. A positioning device that presses and positions the
A grating manufacturing device characterized by being provided in correspondence with each of the above devices.