JPH0661008B2 - Toner for electrostatic image development - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a novel toner for developing an electrostatic charge image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing and the like.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, various methods for electrophotography have been described in US Pat. No. 2,297,691, Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-23910, Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-24748, etc. Forming a static latent image by applying a uniform electrostatic charge on the photoconductive insulator layer and irradiating the insulator layer with a light image,
Then, the latent image is developed and visualized by fine powder called toner in the art, and if necessary, the powder image is transferred to paper or the like, and then fixed by heating, pressurizing, or solvent vapor.

As a developing method applied to these electrophotographic methods,
It is roughly classified into a dry development method and a wet development method. The former is further divided into a method of using a two-component developer and a method of using a one-component developer. Depending on the type of carrier that carries the toner, the two-component developing method
Magnet brush method using iron powder carrier, beads
There are a cascade method using a carrier and a fur brush method using a fur.

Further, those belonging to the one-component developing method include a powder cloud method in which toner particles are sprayed and a contact developing method (contact developing or (Also referred to as toner development), a jumping development method in which toner particles are not brought into direct contact with the electrostatic latent image surface, but the toner particles are charged and fly toward the latent image surface by the electric field of the electrostatic latent image, magnetic conductivity. There is a magnetic dry method in which a volatile toner is brought into contact with an electrostatic latent image surface for development.

As a toner applied to these developing methods, a fine powder in which a dye or a pigment is dispersed in a natural or synthetic resin is conventionally used. For example, particles in which a colorant is dispersed in a binder resin such as polystyrene and finely pulverized to about 1 to 30 μm are used as a toner. As the magnetic toner, a toner containing magnetic particles such as magnetite is used. In the case of a system using a so-called two-component developer, the toner is usually mixed with carrier particles such as glass beads and iron powder before use. Further, the toner has a positive or negative charge depending on the polarity of the electrostatic latent image to be developed.

To retain the electric charge in the toner, it is possible to utilize the triboelectric charging property of the resin which is a component of the toner, but since the toner charging property is small in this method, the image obtained by development is easily fogged and unclear. Will be things. Therefore, in order to impart a desired triboelectric chargeability to the toner, a dye, a pigment or a charge control agent which imparts the chargeability is added.

The charge control agents currently known in the art include the following.

(1) A toner that controls the toner to be positively charged.

Nigrosine, azine dyes containing alkyl groups having 2 to 16 carbon atoms (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42-1627), basic dyes (for example, CIB
asic Yellow 2 (CI41000), CIBasic Yellow 3, C.
I.Basic Red 1 (CI45160), CIBasic Red 9 (CI4250
0), CIBasic Violet 1 (CI42535), CIBasic Viole
t 3 (CI42555) CI Basic Violet 10 (CI45170), CI
Basic Violet 14 (CI42510), CIBasic Blue 1 (CI4
2025), CIBasic Blue 3 (CI51005), CIBsic Blue
5 (CI42140), CIBasic Blue 7 (CI42595), CIBas
ic Blue 7 (CI42595), CIBasic Blue 9 (CI5201
5), CIBasic Blue 24 (CI52030), CIBasic Blue 2
5 (CI52025), CIBasic Blue 26 (CI44045), CIBa
sic Green 1 (CI42040), CIBasic Green 4 (CI4200
0), CI42510, CI45170, CIBasic Blue 9, etc.).
Lake pigments of these basic dyes (as the laker, phosphotungstic acid, phosphomolybdic acid, phosphotungsten molybdic acid, tannic acid, lauric acid, gallic acid, ferricyanide, ferrocyanide, etc.),
CISolvent Black 3 (CI26150), Hansa Yellow G
(CI11680), CIMorelant Black 11, CI Pigment Bla
ck 1, Gilsonite, Alfart etc.

Quaternary ammonium salts such as benzolmethyl-hexadecylammonium chloride, decyl-trimethylammonium chloride, organotin compounds such as dibutyltin oxide, metal salts of higher fatty acids, glass, mica,
Polyamine resins such as inorganic fine powders such as zinc oxide, EDTA, metal complexes of acetylacetone, vinyl polymers containing amino groups, condensation polymers containing amino groups, etc.

(2) Toner is controlled to be negatively charged.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 41-20153, 43-27596, 44-6397, 45-
26478 and the like. Monoazo dye metal complex salt represented by the following general formula [Wherein M is Cr or Co, R ₁ and R ₂ are unsubstituted or substituted phenylene residues, R ₃ and R ₄
Represents a residue of a coupling component which is substituted by an unsubstituted or a substituent which couples at the ortho position of a metallizable group, X ₁ and X ₂ are —O— or —COO—, and X ₃ and X
₄ represents -O-, -NH- or -N-alkyl-, and [A] ⁺ is hydrogen ion, ammonium ion, aliphatic ammonium ion, alicyclic ammonium ion, heterocyclic ammonium ion alkali metal or alkaline earth Represents a metal. ] Dyes and pigments such as nitrohumic acid and its salts or CI14645 described in JP-A-50-133338.

And Japanese Patent Publications 55-42752, 58-41508, 59
Metal complexes of salicylic acid, naphthoic acid and dicarboxylic acid such as Co, Cr and Fe described in JP-A-7384 and JP-B-59-7385. Sulfonated copper phthalocyanine pigment. Styrene oligomer with nitro group and halogen introduced. Chlorinated paraffin, melamine resin, etc.

Many of these charge control agents are derived from dyes and pigments,
Generally, the structure is complicated and most of them have strong coloring properties.

Among the newly proposed ones, there are some that are of a different system from these, but there is no one that outperformed the dye-pigment system in terms of integrated performance, and there are still unsatisfactory examples of using dyes. Mostly.

These are usually added to a thermoplastic resin, thermally melt-dispersed, finely pulverized, and adjusted to an appropriate particle size as needed before use.

However, these dyes as charge control agents have a complicated structure and inconsistent properties, and are poor in stability. In addition, decomposition or deterioration is likely to occur due to decomposition during thermal kneading, mechanical shock, friction, changes in temperature and humidity conditions, etc., and a phenomenon in which charge controllability is deteriorated is likely to occur.

Therefore, when a toner containing these dyes as a charge control agent is developed using a copying machine, the charge control agent may be decomposed or deteriorated as the number of times of copying increases, and the toner may deteriorate during its durability.

Further, since it is extremely difficult to uniformly disperse these charge control agents in the thermoplastic resin, there is a fatal problem that the triboelectric charge amount between toner particles obtained by pulverization causes a difference. is doing. For this reason, various methods have been conventionally used for more uniform dispersion. For example, a basic nigrosine dye is used in the form of a salt with a higher fatty acid in order to improve the compatibility with a thermoplastic resin, but the unreacted fatty acid or a dispersion product of the salt is often used.
It is exposed on the surface of the toner and contaminates the carrier or the toner carrier, which causes deterioration of the fluidity of the toner, fog, and deterioration of the image density. Alternatively, in order to improve the dispersion of these charge control agents in the resin, a method of mechanically pulverizing and mixing the charge control agent powder and the resin powder in advance and then hot-melt kneading is used. But,
Under the present circumstances, the original dispersion failure cannot be avoided, and sufficient charge uniformity for practical use has not yet been obtained.

Further, most of the substances generally known as the charge control agent have a dark color, and thus there is a problem that they cannot be contained in a vivid chromatic color developer.

Thus, when the conventional charge control agent is used in the toner,
Between the toner particles, between the toner and the carrier, or between the toner carrier such as the toner and the sleeve, the amount of electric charge generated on the surface of the toner particles varies, and development fog, toner scattering, carrier contamination, etc. Failures are likely to occur. In addition, this obstacle appears as a remarkable phenomenon when a large number of copies are piled up, and is substantially unsuitable for a copying machine.

Furthermore, when used as a conventional charge control agent toner, the charge control agent adheres to the surface of the photoconductor or promotes the adhesion of toner when used for a long time, which may adversely affect the latent image formation (filming phenomenon). There are not a few things that have a bad effect on the cleaning process of the copying machine, such as those that cause scratches on the surface of the photoreceptor or cleaning members such as cleaning blades or that accelerate the wear of the members.

Furthermore, when a conventional charge control agent is used in toner, there are not a few that greatly affect the heat melting characteristics of the toner and deteriorate the fixing performance. In particular, there are those that deteriorate the high temperature offset performance, increase the sticking property of the transfer material to the roller at the time of heat roll fixing, and reduce the durable life of the roller.

As described above, the conventional charge control agents have many drawbacks,
There is a strong demand in the art to improve these,
Although many improved techniques have been proposed so far, the fact is that none of them has been found to be totally satisfactory in practical use.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide a new technique of toner charge control that overcomes such problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a stable triboelectric charge amount between toner particles, a toner and a carrier, a toner and a toner carrier such as a sleeve in the case of one-component development, and a triboelectric charge amount distribution is sharp. It is intended to provide a developer that is uniform and can control the charge amount suitable for the developing system used.

Still another object is a developer that faithfully develops and transfers a latent image, that is, adhesion of toner in the background area at the time of development, that is, fog and scattering of toner around the edge of the latent image, High image density is obtained,
This is to provide a developer having good halftone reproducibility.

Still another object is to provide a developer which maintains the initial characteristics even when the developer is continuously used for a long period of time and does not cause aggregation of toner or change in charging characteristics.

Still another object is to provide a bright chromatic color developer.

Still another object is to provide a developer having excellent storage stability, which maintains the initial characteristics even after long-term storage.

Still another object is to provide a developer which can be easily cleaned in a cleaning step without causing the electrostatic latent image surface to be soiled, worn or scratched.

Still another object is to provide a developer having good fixing characteristics, particularly a developer having no problem in high temperature offset and the like.

[Means and Actions for Solving Problems] The present invention is a developer containing a binder resin, a colorant, and a compound represented by the following general formula [1].

Here, R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkylene group, a substituent having hydrocarbon as a basic skeleton of an arylene group, or nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. Represents a heterocyclic group containing an atom or a substituent in which these are combined, and X ⁻ represents BF ₄ ⁻ , PF ₆ ⁻ , Or Represents either.

The present inventors have found that the compound represented by the general formula [1] is thermally
It has been found that it is a high-quality charge control agent which is stable in time and, when contained in a developer, gives a developer having excellent electrophotographic characteristics.

The following are typical specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula [1].

In the above compounds, the anion is BF _4, PF ₆ ^-, It can be changed to

These compounds are synthesized by known methods.

For example, compound 1 is produced by the following reaction.

Other example compounds can be made by similar reactions.

As a method of incorporating the above compound into the developer, there are a method of adding it inside the toner particles and a method of adding it externally. When internally added, the amount of these compounds used depends on the type of binder resin,
The presence or absence of additives used as necessary, which is determined by the toner production method including the dispersion method, is not uniquely limited, but preferably 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of the binder resin. It is used in the range of -30 parts by weight (more preferably 1-10 parts by weight).

When adding externally, 0.01 to 10 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of resin
Parts by weight are preferred.

It is also possible to use a conventionally known charge control agent in combination with the charge control agent of the present invention.

Examples of the colorant used in the present invention include carbon black, lamp black, iron black, ultramarine blue, nigrolen dye, aniline blue, phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine green, Hansa yellow G, rhodamine 6G, lake,
Calco oil blue, chrome yellow, quinacridone,
Any conventionally known dyes and pigments such as benzidine yellow, rose bengal, triallylmethane dyes monoazo dyes, disazo dyes and dyes may be used alone or in combination.

As the binder resin used in the present invention, polystyrene,
Monopolymers of styrene such as poly-p-chlorostyrene and polyvinyltoluene, and their substitution products; styrene-p-chlorostyrene copolymers, styrene-propylene copolymers, styrene-vinyltoluene copolymers, styrene-vinylnaphthalene copolymers Polymer, styrene-methyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-
Butyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-octyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-ethyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-butyl methacrylate copolymer, styrene-α-chloromethyl methacrylate Copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl ethyl ether copolymer, styrene-vinyl methyl ketone copolymer, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-isoprene copolymer Styrene-based copolymers such as polymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-indene copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic acid ester copolymer; polymethyl methacrylate, polybutyl methacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate , Polje Ren, polypropylene, polyester, polyurethane, polyamide, epoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyacrylic acid resin, rosin, modified rosin, terpene resin, phenol resin, aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon resin, aromatic petroleum resin, chlorination Paraffin, paraffin wax and the like can be used, and they can be used alone or in combination.

Further, as the binder resin particularly suitable for pressure fixing, the following can be used alone or in combination.

Polyolefin (low molecular weight polyethylene, low molecular weight polypropylene, polyethylene oxide, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.), epoxy resin, polyester resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer (monomer ratio 5-30: 95-70), olefin copolymer (Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-acrylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, ethylene-vinyl chloride copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer , Ionomer-resin), polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl vinyl ether-maleic anhydride copolymer, maleic acid-modified phenol resin, phenol-modified terpene resin.

Further, when the toner of the present invention is used as a two-component developer, it is used as a mixture with carrier powder.

As the carrier that can be used in the present invention, all known carriers can be used, for example, magnetic powder such as iron powder, ferrite powder and nickel powder, glass beads and the like, and their surfaces treated with resin or the like. And so on.

Further, the toner of the present invention can be used as a magnetic toner by further containing a magnetic material. The magnetic material contained in the magnetic toner of the present invention includes iron oxide such as magnetite, hematite, and ferrite. Aluminum, cobalt, copper iron, lead, magnesium, nickel, tin, zinc, antimony, beryllium, metals such as iron, cobalt, nickel.
Examples thereof include alloys of metals such as bismuth, cadmium, calcium, manganese, selenium, titanium, tungsten, and vanadium, and mixtures thereof.

It is desirable that these ferromagnetic materials have an average particle size of about 0.1 to 2 μm.
It is about 20 to 200 parts by weight based on 0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the resin component.

Further, the toner of the present invention may be mixed with an additive as required. Examples of the additive include lubricants such as Teflon and zinc stearate, abrasives such as cerium oxide and silicon carbide, fluidity imparting agents such as colloidal silica and aluminum oxide, anti-caking agents, or carbon black and tin oxide. A conductivity-imparting agent such as
Alternatively, there are fixing aids such as low molecular weight polyethylene.

To prepare the toner for developing an electrostatic image according to the present invention, the charge control agent according to the present invention is added to a vinyl-based or non-vinyl-based thermoplastic resin and a pigment or dye as a colorant, and if necessary, a magnetic material, and added. The ingredients are thoroughly mixed with a ball mill or other mixing machine, and then melted, kneaded, and kneaded with a heat kneader such as a heating roll, kneader, or extruder to make the resins compatible with each other. Alternatively, the dye is dispersed or dissolved, cooled and solidified, then crushed and classified to have an average particle size of 5 to 5.
20μ toner can be obtained.

Alternatively, a method in which the material is dispersed in a binder resin solution and then spray-dried, or a predetermined material is mixed with a monomer to form the binder resin to form an emulsified suspension and then polymerized A method such as a polymerization method for obtaining a toner and a toner manufacturing method can be applied.

The toners produced by these methods can all be used for development for visualizing an electrostatic charge image in electrophotography, electrostatic recording, electrostatic printing, etc. by conventionally known means and are excellent as follows. It has a great effect.

That is, the triboelectric charge amount between the toner particles is uniform, and the control of the electric charge amount is easy. Further, the toner is extremely stable without deteriorating during use so that the triboelectric charge amount does not vary or decrease.

Therefore, the above-mentioned obstacles such as the development fog, toner scattering, contamination of the electrophotographic photosensitive material and the copying machine are removed, and the toner of the present invention is extremely excellent. It is a toner that can withstand long-term storage without causing phenomena such as aggregation, agglomeration, and low-temperature flow, and also has excellent abrasion resistance, fixability, and adhesiveness of toner images.

The excellent effect of such a toner is that when it is used in a repetitive transfer copying system in which the operations of charging, exposing, developing, and transferring are continuously repeated, the effect is further expanded.

Further, since there is little color tone disturbance due to the charge control agent, it is possible to form a color image of excellent color when used as a color electrophotographic toner.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. All parts in the following formulations are parts by weight.

Synthetic Examples The compound examples 4, 14, 9, 11 used in the examples were synthesized as follows.

For each Cl salt, use one made by Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd.,
For example, Compound Example 4 is synthesized from the compound of the following formula.

Dissolve 50 g of NaBF ₄ (sodium tetrafluoroborohydride) in about 1 of distilled water, and separately add 25 g of the above compound to about 800 m of distilled water.
A solution dissolved therein was prepared. Then, the solution described below was added dropwise to the above solution, and the mixture was filtered, washed, and dried to obtain Compound Example 4
Got

It was confirmed that the obtained compound was the structural formula of Compound Example 4 by elemental analysis, IR, melting point and the like.

Hereinafter, Compound Examples 14, 9 and 11 were also synthesized starting from the same compound manufactured by Tokyo Kasei Co., Ltd. As a result of identification, a predetermined compound was obtained.

Example 1 Styrene / butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: about 300,000) 100 parts Carbon black (Mitsubishi Well 44) 10 parts Low molecular weight polyethylene wax 2 parts Compound Example 4 2 parts After mixing well with a blender, the mixture was kneaded with two rolls heated to 150 ° C. After allowing the kneaded product to cool naturally, it is roughly crushed with a cutter mill, then crushed with a fine crusher using a jet stream, and further classified with an air classifier to obtain a fine powder having a particle size of 5 to 20 μ (that is, , Positively chargeable toner) was obtained.

A developer was prepared by mixing 5 parts of the fine powder with 100 parts of an iron powder carrier having an average particle size of 50 to 80 μm.

Further, the triboelectric charge amount of the developer was measured by a usual blow-off method.

Then, a negative electrostatic image is formed on the OPC photosensitive member by a conventionally known electrophotographic method, and this is powder-developed by the magnetic brush method using the above developer to form a toner image, which is transferred to plain paper. Heated and fixed. The obtained transferred image had a sufficiently high density of 1.23, no fog, no toner scattering around the image, and a good image with high resolution was obtained. Transfer images were continuously created using the above developer, and durability was examined.
The transferred image after 30,000 sheets was also an amber image compared with the initial image.

Further, at the time of durability, the above-mentioned filming phenomenon relating to the toner on the photosensitive member was not observed, and no problem was found in the cleaning process. At this time, there was no trouble in the fixing step, and after the endurance test of 30,000 sheets, the fixing machine was observed, but no scratches or damage on the roller were observed, and there was almost no stain due to the offset toner, and there was no problem in practical use.

Comparative Example 1 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 parts of the nigrosine dye was used instead of 2 parts of the compound examples 1, and development, transfer, and
An image was similarly obtained by fixing.

Fog was small at room temperature and normal humidity, but the image density was low at 1.06, and line drawings were scattered, and solid black was noticeable. When the durability was examined, the density decreased to 0.83 after 30,000 sheets.

Also, at the time of endurance, from around 10,000 sheets, the toner material formed a thin streak-like film on the surface of the photoconductor and appeared as lines on the image. This is so-called filming, and it is considered that the charge control agent changes the lubricity of the toner powder.

In addition, at the time of endurance, a fixed image tends to be easily caught in the fixing roller in the fixing step, and there is a difficulty in peeling off the roller.

Example 2 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3 parts of Compound Example 14 was used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4, and development, transfer and fixing were performed, and an image was similarly obtained.

The detailed results are shown in Table 1, and almost the same satisfactory results as in Example 1 were obtained.

Example 3 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 parts of Compound Example 9 was used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4, and development, transfer and fixing were performed, and an image was similarly obtained.

Detailed results are shown in Table 1, and almost the same satisfactory results as in Example 1 were obtained.

Example 4 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 parts of Compound Example 4 was used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4, and development, transfer and fixing were performed, and an image was similarly obtained.

Detailed results are shown in Table 1, and almost the same satisfactory results as in Example 1 were obtained.

Example 5 Styrene / butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: about 300,000) 100 parts Iron trioxide EPT-500 (manufactured by Toda Kogyo) 60 parts Low molecular weight polypropylene wax 2 parts Compound Example 4 2 parts The above materials were mixed well with a blender and then kneaded with two rolls heated to 150 ° C. After allowing the kneaded product to cool naturally, it is roughly crushed with a cutter mill, crushed with a fine crusher using a jet stream, and further classified with an air classifier to obtain a fine powder with a particle size of 5 to 20μ ( That is, a positively chargeable toner) was obtained.

Next, 100 parts of the fine powder was mixed with 0.4 part of hydrophobic colloidal silica by a sample mill to prepare a one-component magnetic toner.

The triboelectric charge amount of this toner was measured by a usual blow-off method. The value was +4.0 μc / g.

When this toner was applied to a commercially available copying machine (trade name: NP-150Z, manufactured by Canon Inc.) and an image was produced, good results were obtained almost in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 6 A developer is obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 3 parts of Compound Example 14 and 3 parts of Compound Example 4 are used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4, and development, transfer and fixing are performed, and an image is similarly formed. Obtained.

The detailed results are shown in Table 1, and almost the same satisfactory results as in Example 5 were obtained.

Example 7 A developer is obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 2 parts of Compound Example 9 is used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4, and development, transfer and fixing are performed, and an image is similarly formed. Obtained.

The detailed results are shown in Table 1, and almost the same satisfactory results as in Example 5 were obtained.

Comparative Example 2 A developer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 2 parts of benzylmethyl-hexadecyl ammonium chloride was used instead of 2 parts of Compound Example 4 in Example 5, and an image was similarly obtained. Fog was small at room temperature and normal humidity, but the image density was as low as 0.81 and line drawings were scattered, and the solid black was noticeable. When the durability was examined, the density decreased to 0.48 after 30,000 sheets.

Further, the filming phenomenon at the time of endurance and the problem in the fixing step were almost the same as those in Comparative Example 1 and were not the same.

Example 8 Styrene / butyl acrylate (80/20) copolymer (weight average molecular weight w: about 300,000) 100 parts Colorant (quinacridone pigment) 5 parts Low molecular weight polypropylene wax 2 parts Compound example 4 2 parts The above materials are blended. After mixing well with, the mixture was kneaded with two rolls heated to 150 ° C. After allowing the kneaded product to cool naturally, it is roughly crushed with a cutter mill, then crushed with a fine crusher using a jet stream, and further classified with an air classifier to obtain a fine powder having a particle size of 5 to 20 μ (that is, , Positively chargeable toner) was obtained.

Further, the triboelectric charge amount of the fine powder was measured by a usual blow-off method.

Next, 100 parts of the fine powder was mixed with 50 g of magnetic particles having a particle size of 50 to 80 μm to prepare a developer.

When an image was formed using this developer by the developing method shown in FIG. 1, a good image showing a vivid blue color was obtained. After 1500 sheets were formed, the toner / carrier was 10 g.
Even at / 50 g, there was almost no change in the image density, and then a good image was obtained even when images were output up to 30,000 sheets while replenishing the toner.

The main developing method will be described. In FIG. 1, 1 is an electrostatic image carrier, 2 is a toner carrier, 3 is a hopper, 52 is a magnetic brush made of a magnetic particle-toner mixture, 58 is a toner thickness regulating blade, and 50 is a toner thickness regulating blade. Is a fixed magnet, 6 is a developing bias, and 5 is toner.

That is, the magnetic brush 52 formed on the toner carrier 2 is circulated by rotating the toner carrier 2, and the toner in the Hopper 3 is taken in to coat the 2 evenly in a thin layer. Next, the toner carrier 2 and the electrostatic image carrier 1 are opposed to each other with a gap larger than the toner layer thickness, and the toner 5 on 2 is fly-developed onto the electrostatic image on 1.

The thickness of the toner layer is controlled by the size of the magnetic brush of 52, that is, the amount of magnetic particles and the regulating blade of 58. The gap between 1 and 2 may be made larger than the toner layer thickness, and a developing bias of 6 may be applied.

Table 1 shows the evaluation results of each example and comparative example.

[Effects of the Invention] The following effects are obtained by the present invention.

(1) Between toner particles, or between toner and carrier,
In the case of one-component development, the triboelectric charge amount between the toner and the sleeve is stable, and the triboelectric charge amount distribution is sharp and uniform, and the toner amount can be controlled to a charge amount suitable for the developing system used.

(2) It is a toner that can perform development and transfer faithful to a latent image, can maintain initial properties even when continuously used for a long period of time, and has no change in toner aggregation or charging properties.

(3) Toner that gives a bright chromatic image.

(4) The toner has good storage stability and is easy to clean without electrostatic stain, abrasion, or scratch on the electrostatic latent image surface, and it has excellent fixing properties and does not cause problems such as high temperature offset. Toner.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view for explaining an example of a developing device to which the positively chargeable toner according to the present invention can be applied. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Electrostatic image holding body, 2 ... Toner carrying body, 5 ... Toner, 50 ... Magnet, 52 ... Magnetic brush, 58 ... Regulation blade.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Tanaka 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-59-78365 (JP, A) JP-A-59 -177565 (JP, A) JP-A-59-200253 (JP, A)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A binder resin, a colorant and the following general formula: [Wherein R ₁ , R ₂ and R ₃ are hydrogen, an alkyl group, a cyclic alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkylene group, a substituent having a hydrocarbon of an arylene group as a basic skeleton, nitrogen, sulfur or Represents a heterocyclic group containing an oxygen atom or a substituent in which these are combined, and X ⁻ represents BF ₄ ⁻ , PF ₆ ⁻ , Or A toner for developing an electrostatic charge image containing a compound represented by 2. The toner for developing an electrostatic image according to claim 1, further comprising a low molecular weight polyethylene wax or a low molecular weight polypropylene wax.