JPH0658665A - Floor surface structure of crop aeration and storing container - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable some crops to be discharged with a less amount of air by a method wherein some tunnel-like members projected upwardly and having both ends closed are installed on a floor surface having several aeration holes and corp discharging ports at one end thereof under a condition in which an air injection amount injected from the aeration holes can be controlled. CONSTITUTION:A plurality of tunnel-like members 10 projected upwardly and having both ends thereof closed are installed on a floor surface member 4 of a crop aeration and storing container. The tunnel members 10 have a shape of approximate isisceles triangle cross section. The tunnels are fixed at their flanges 12 to the floor member 4 by a fixing means, and several small holes 13 are arranged in rows near an interface position with the flanges 12 at side walls 11. One end of each of the tunnel members 10 is cut in a substantial vertical state, closed by a closing member, the other end 15 is inclined smoothly and downwardly and finally its extremity end is closed against the floor surface. With such an arrangement, it is possible to get a flow speed of air required to be blown from the released aeration holes 52 by a smaller sized blower.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor structure of a ventilation storage container for grains, and particularly, it is effectively used in a so-called dry store type grain storage / drying system for storing and drying grains in the same container. The present invention relates to a floor structure of a ventilated storage container for grains capable of discharging air.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art How to dry and store grains is an unavoidable technical issue for farmers, and many studies have been conducted. In Japan, since the grain moisture at harvest is high and the climate is hot and humid, several storage and drying methods such as rice center method, country elevator method or dry store method have been used in parallel. Among them, the dry store method has been widely used in recent years because it can be adapted to various purposes depending on how it is used and can be easily adapted to different environments.

The ventilation drying facility used in the dry store system has a grain deposition section called a bottle having a ventilated floor at the bottom. Air is pressed into the lower part of the aerated floor of each bottle, and the air passes through the aerated bed by static pressure and passes through the grains stored in the bin, during which water is evaporated from the grains and discharged to the outside of the system. To dry the grain. The grains in the bottles are repeatedly discharged and filled between the bottles so that all grains in the system can be dried and stored under the same environment as much as possible. Efficient and smooth discharge and removal of grain from the bottle is an important issue, and some proposals have been made and implemented. FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show an example thereof. A rectangular bin 50 assembled in a cubic shape by an iron plate is provided with a ventilation floor 51 at a certain height from under the floor. As shown in FIG. 5, a number of ventilation holes 52, 53 oriented in a fixed direction are formed. Furthermore, ventilation floor 5
A grain discharge port 54 for discharging the grain inside is provided at one end of the one. The side wall of the bottle 50 is provided with a ventilation port 55 for injecting air between the underfloor of the bottle 50 and the ventilation floor 51, and a predetermined amount of air is blown between the underfloor and the ventilation floor 51 by a blower not shown. Alternatively, heated air is supplied as needed. The air sent is the ventilated floor 51.
The gas passes through the ventilation holes 52 and 53 formed in the upper part and rises in the bottle 50.

After a predetermined amount of grain has been put in the bottle, a predetermined amount of air is blown in through the air blowing port 55. The introduced air passes through the ventilation holes 52 and 53, passes through the accumulated grain layer, and is exhausted, so that the grain is dried in the process. When the drying at a predetermined rate is completed, the grain discharge port 54 is opened and the grain in the bottle is discharged to the outside of the system or to be transferred to another bottle. This discharge falls sufficiently due to gravity at the time when the height of grain accumulation is high, but both the falling velocity and the amount gradually decrease, and the fall due to gravity stops at a position corresponding to the so-called angle of repose.

In the conventional bottle, after that, the remaining grain was discharged to the outside of the bottle by some artificial means.
In the illustrated device, as shown in FIG.
This inconvenience is solved by aligning the shape of No. 2 and the air ejection direction in a certain direction. That is, as shown in the figure, the grain A on the aerated floor 51 is blown away by the wind pressure when the deposition height gradually decreases and the deposition pressure becomes lower than the pressure of the air ejected from the ventilation holes 52, and the arrow ( As shown in b), it moves along the flow of air. Therefore, by appropriately selecting the opening direction of the ventilation holes 52 and 53 on the surface of the ventilation floor 51, for example, as shown in FIG. The air used for drying can be used to discharge all the grains in the bin to the outside of the bin by making the direction different from that of the floor of other areas. Structures have been widely used in grain storage devices.

[0006]

A grain storage device having an air discharge type floor surface structure is widely used in grain drying facilities because of its high storage efficiency. However, there is a problem to be solved in ventilation efficiency. I have it. That is, in this type of grain storage device, when a predetermined amount of grain is stored in the bottle with the entire floor surface covered, the amount of grain necessary to generate a predetermined static pressure below the aeration floor is set. Although the amount of air is sufficient, it is necessary to blow the grain in a certain direction by the wind pressure at the time of discharging the grain as described above, and for that purpose, an air flow having a certain or higher wind speed is required. The floor itself is designed to have as small an opening ratio as possible so that a large amount of wind does not escape to unnecessary parts, but if it is too small, it will interfere with ventilation and cannot be reduced below a certain value. The aperture ratio of is absolutely necessary.

In particular, when most of the floor surface of the ventilated floor 51 is covered with grain, the air having a predetermined flow velocity is provided because the number of vent holes from which air has a dynamic pressure is limited. The flow is easily obtained, but near the end of grain discharge, most of the aeration bed is exposed, and the ventilation holes in the exposed area cause so-called unnecessary air that has no effect on the grain. The amount of air required further increases due to the escape condition. Even in this state, it is still necessary to blow air having the same flow velocity as that in the initial state to the vent holes that are required to disperse the grains, so the required blowing amount at this point is designed. A blower is selected as the basis, and a large blower is needed. In other words, even if a large amount of air is not needed to ventilate the grain at the time of storage, it is not possible to downsize the blower because a large amount of air is required to discharge the grain.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned inconveniences of the conventional apparatus, and more specifically, to enable the discharge of grains with a smaller air volume than that of the conventional apparatus, which is required. The purpose is to obtain a floor structure of a ventilation storage container for grain that enables downsizing of the blower and efficiency of the entire equipment.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and to achieve the object, the present invention provides a floor surface having a large number of vent holes and a grain discharge port at one end thereof. Disclosed is a floor structure of a grain ventilation storage container, in which a closed upwardly convex tunnel-like member is mounted in a state capable of controlling the amount of air ejected from the ventilation hole.
Among the closed ends of the tunnel-shaped member, at least the end located on the side opposite to the grain discharge port is closed in a shape in which the tip gradually converges on the floor surface, and the tunnel-shaped member has its floor. It is a very preferable mode to form a plurality of openings along the floor surface in the vicinity of the mounting position with the surface, and it is also a preferable mode to form a large number of openable and closable openings on the surface of the tunnel-shaped member.

[0010]

In the present invention, the ventilated floor is covered with an upwardly convex tunnel-shaped member whose both ends are partially closed. Therefore, the air flows out only from the vent holes provided on the floor surface where the tunnel-shaped member is not located. The number of vent holes through which the air flows out is naturally smaller than that without the tunnel-shaped member, and the amount of air blown to give the necessary flow velocity to the outflow air can be reduced accordingly. At the time of discharging the grain, the grain in the bottle falls along the convex wall surface of the tunnel-shaped member and is at the vent hole where air is flowing out, and is blown away by the wind pressure and moves there. The flow velocity required to move the grain is the same regardless of the presence or absence of the tunnel-shaped member, and as a result, it is possible to discharge the grain with a small amount of air flow, and the capacity of the blower is the same as that of a bin of the same volume. It can be miniaturized. As described above, the amount of air required for drying the grains is sufficiently smaller than the amount required for transferring the grains, and therefore the operation of the facility will not be hindered even if the blower is downsized.

According to the present invention, further, among the closed ends of the tunnel-shaped member, at least the end located on the side opposite to the grain discharge port is closed in a shape in which the tip gradually converges on the floor surface. is suggesting. As a result, when the tunnel-shaped member is installed in the bottle of the existing facility, it can be mounted on the ventilated floor without any special processing on the side wall, and at that time, the grain flow at the end part is also prevented. Not hindered.

The present invention further proposes to form a plurality of openings along the floor surface in the vicinity of the mounting position of the tunnel member on the floor surface. As a result, the grain dropped along the convex wall surface of the tunnel-shaped member moves smoothly without staying near the mounting position. A large number of openings can be formed on the surface of the tunnel-shaped member so that it can be opened and closed by means such as a shutter.In that case, the number of ventilation holes can be changed during ventilation drying and transfer to create a more precise air volume. Management becomes possible and the size of the blower can be further reduced.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a top view showing a floor surface portion of a grain bin having a floor surface structure of a draft ventilation storage container according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. The bottle has side walls 2 and 2 made of an iron plate or the like between columns 1 and 4 provided on four sides, and the upper sides of the wall surfaces 2 and 2 are covered by a ceiling structure (not shown). A floor member 4 made of an iron plate or the like is also provided at a constant height from the underfloor 3.
A discharge port 5 for discharging grain is opened at the center of one end of the floor member 4 (the center of the left end in FIG. 1). A hopper 6 is attached to the discharge port 5. Outlet 5
Ventilation holes 52 and 53 (FIG. 3) similar to those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 are formed on the entire surface of the floor member 4 except for by punching. The shapes of the ventilation holes 52 and 53 and the directions of the openings are also the same as those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and most of the openings are directed toward the wall surface on the side where the discharge port 5 is located. The floor portion on the side where the discharge port 5 is located opens toward the discharge port. The configuration of the above-mentioned bottle is the same as that known in the related art, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present invention, a plurality of upwardly convex tunnel-shaped members 10 having both ends closed are mounted on the floor member 4. The tunnel-shaped member may be manufactured by integrally forming a suitable steel plate by press working or by appropriately joining a plurality of members. In the illustrated embodiment, the tunnel-shaped member 10 is
As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the cross section has a shape of an isosceles triangle and has side wall portions 11 and 11 'and flange portions 12 and 12' at the lower end portions of the side walls, and the floor member is at the flange portion. It is fixed to 4 by an appropriate fixing means such as a nail. Further, a large number of small holes 13 are provided in a row in the vicinity of the boundary position between the side wall portion 11 and the flange portion 12. One end of the tunnel-shaped member 10, that is, the end 14 on the side of the discharge hole 5 in the figure is cut substantially vertically and is closed by an appropriate closing member, and the other end 15 is smoothly inclined downward. Finally, the tip is closed so that the tip gradually converges on the floor surface (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

In the illustrated embodiment, three tunnel-shaped members 10 are mounted in parallel on the floor member 4 at intervals h and 2h, and the length of each tunnel-shaped member is vertical. The end 14 is in contact with the edge of the grain discharge port, and the other end is closed so that it gradually converges on the floor surface. The end 15 has such a length that the end almost contacts the inner wall surface of the side wall 2 of the bottle. It has become.

Next, an example of using this apparatus as a floor structure in a bottle of a ventilation drying facility of a dry store will be described as to its usage. Grain transferred from the receiving section by the grain distribution conveyor is put in a predetermined amount by a charging device (not shown) provided on the ceiling above the bottle. In that state, air is blown from the blower port 55 into the space below the aeration floor 4 by a blower (not shown). Static pressure is created in the space below the aerated floor by the grains stacked on the aerated floor, and the static pressure causes air to gradually rise between the stacked grains from the vent holes formed in the aerated floor, and to the atmosphere. Release to. In the meantime it absorbs water from the grain and dries it. Grain is discharged from the grain discharge port 5 when a predetermined amount of drying is achieved. This discharge is done only by spontaneous fall due to its own weight while the grain storage amount is large. As the amount of stored grains decreases, the amount of free fall of grains decreases, and the discharge by free fall ends when the so-called repose angle of grains is formed. At that point or some time before that, the air blown by the blower is the ventilation hole in the part where the grain stack thickness is thin, that is, the ventilation hole located at the tip part of the grain at the angle of repose. Therefore, it is ejected not as static pressure but as dynamic pressure with a flow velocity. Due to the flow velocity, the grain moves toward the direction of the blowing of the wind, that is, toward the grain discharge port (arrows (b) and (c) in FIG. 1).

In the conventional floor structure, the air is blown out from all the ventilation holes provided on the floor surface. In the floor structure of the present invention, due to the above-described configuration, the blowing of the wind with the flow velocity hardly occurs from the ventilation hole formed in the floor portion where the closed tunnel member is fixed. Even if it occurs, it is only the amount discharged from the small holes 13 formed on the wall surface of the tunnel-shaped member.
On the other hand, the grains are sorted by the wall surfaces 11 and 11 'of the upwardly convex tunnel-shaped member 10 mounted on the floor surface, and the floor surface portion between the tunnel-shaped members 10 and 10 or between the tunnel-shaped member and the side wall of the bottle is provided. Eventually all will fall. Then, it is scattered and moved by the air flow from the ventilation hole formed in that portion, and is scattered at the grain discharge port or discharged outside the bin.

In the illustrated embodiment, the end of the tunnel-shaped member on the side wall side of the bottle is closed so that its tip gradually converges on the floor. Therefore, when this tunnel-shaped member is attached to an existing bottle, it suffices to fix the member to the floor surface, and it is not necessary to perform special processing on the side wall of the existing bottle. At the same time, the structure has a function of facilitating the grain flow near the side wall of the bottle, so that the grain discharge obstacle at the time of discharge does not occur.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, a small hole 13 is formed in the vicinity of the lower end of the side wall 11 of the tunnel-shaped member. By ejecting some air from the small holes 13, it becomes possible to move the grains that tend to stay in the fixed portion between the floor surface and the tunnel-shaped member, and the movement of the grains toward the discharge port becomes smoother. To be done. As described above, in this type of grain ventilation drying facility, it is usual to blow more air than the amount of air required for drying from the viewpoint of grain transfer, but the floor structure according to the present invention For example, since the floor area in contact with the grain is reduced by installing a tunnel-shaped member on the floor surface compared to the same volume, it is necessary to obtain the wind velocity from the ventilation holes necessary for grain movement with a smaller air volume. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the outflow of useless air, which has no influence on the ventilation drying function of the conventional bottle.

The floor structure described above is only one embodiment of the present invention, and many other modifications may exist. For example, the shape of the tunnel-shaped member is shown as an isosceles triangle in cross section, but the shape is not limited to this, and the point is that the grain can be smoothly distributed to the left and right along the wall surface and smoothly fall. It may be any shape such as a semicircle and an ellipse. In addition, the shape of the end is also shown to be closed so that the tip gradually converges on the floor surface, but in this case it is assumed that the side wall surface of the existing bottle is not specially processed. If it is not necessary to process the wall surface, it is easy to use a member with the same cross-sectional shape and close the end with the wall surface of the bottle. Be understood by. Further, although the tunnel-shaped member is illustrated as having the same height in the length direction, a shape in which the height is gradually decreased toward the discharge port side may be used. The grain flow is smoother.

Further, although not particularly shown, a large number of air outflow holes which can be opened and closed by a shutter or the like are formed on the side wall surface of the tunnel-shaped member, and the air outflow holes are opened when the grain is dried, if necessary, to discharge the grain. The blower may be closed by itself so that the blower can be used more efficiently. In addition, the ventilation holes that open to the ventilation floor, which is the floor surface, are shown as being evenly provided on the entire floor surface, as shown in the figure, because it is based on the premise that the existing machinery facilities are used as they are. However, for example, in the case where a bottle having a floor structure according to the present invention is designed from the beginning, the shape, position, number, etc. of the openings of the portion where the tunnel-shaped member is positioned and the portion where the tunnel-shaped member is not positioned are appropriately selected. You may make it provide and change it.

As another aspect, the tunnel-shaped member does not necessarily have to be fixed to the floor surface and may be detachably mounted by an appropriate means. In that case, the bottle itself is used in a different environment. It becomes possible.
Furthermore, although the lengths of the bottles are all shown to be the same in the illustrated ones, the length may be changed in relation to the direction of the grain discharge port and the ventilation hole formed on the floor surface. This allows for smoother grain discharge. Further, it will be easily understood that the small holes 13 may be partially provided in the tunnel-shaped member or may not be provided at all if the retention of the grains is not particularly hindered.

[0023]

By installing the tunnel-shaped member on the floor surface, it is possible to effectively use the amount of air blow, and it is possible to reduce the size of the blower or increase the number of bottles by the same blower.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top view showing a floor structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross section taken along line AA of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a floor structure.

FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the structure of a conventional bottle.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a movement state of grains.

[Explanation of symbols]

1-post, 2-sidewall, 3-underfloor, 4-ventilated floor, 10-tunnel member, 11-sidewall, 12-flange, 13-edge, 14-end, 15-shape that gradually converges on the floor surface Closed ends, 52, 53-Vents

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An upwardly convex tunnel-shaped member having both ends closed on a floor surface having a large number of ventilation holes and a grain discharge port formed at one end, and controlling the amount of air blown out from the ventilation holes. The floor structure of a ventilation storage container for grains, which is installed in a state in which it can be installed. 2. The closed end of the tunnel-shaped member is closed at least at the end located on the side opposite to the grain discharge port so that the tip gradually converges on the floor surface. The floor structure of the ventilation storage container for grains according to claim 1. 3. The ventilation storage container for grains according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel-shaped member has a plurality of openings formed along the floor surface in the vicinity of a position where the tunnel member is attached to the floor surface. Floor structure. 4. The floor structure of a grain ventilation storage container according to claim 3, wherein the tunnel member is further formed with a large number of openable and closable openings on the surface thereof.