JPH0658007A - Damping device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To damp sufficiently the relative vibration generated between two members having different vibration characteristics without increasing the rigidity while they are given an appropriate flexibility. CONSTITUTION:The relative speed between adjacent structures 1, 7 is fed to one end of a lever 13, and from the other end, the increased speed is emitted. A damping action is applied to this end using a dash-pot, etc., 19. In lieu of this type of speed increasing means using the lever 13, such a structure will also be accepted that cylinders and pistons having a large and a small dia. are coupled with one another.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a damping device for damping the vibration of a structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a vibration damping device for a vibration-isolated structure, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, a ground-isolated structure 1 supported on a ground 7 via laminated rubber 3 is used. There is a dashpot 5 interposed between the seismic isolation structure 1 and the seismic isolation structure 1 to damp horizontal shake of the seismic isolation structure 1.
The dashpot 5 has a damping function due to the resistance of the viscous fluid.

In this case, the seismic isolation structure 1 has a mass of m,
When the damping coefficient is c, the stiffness is k, and the relative displacement between the seismic isolation structure 1 and the ground 7 is x, the equation of motion is m · x ″ + c · x ′ + k · x = o ……… (1) Become. By solving this equation of motion, a wavy curve can be obtained as is well known, where the horizontal axis is time and the vertical axis is x. The amplitude of this wave gradually decreases along the time axis and is attenuated. It is known that the rate at which the amplitude decreases becomes larger as the next damping constant h increases.

[0004]

[Equation 1] Here, in order to increase the damping force c · x ′ in the former formula (1), the damping coefficient c may be increased. However, when it is attempted to give a large damping coefficient c to a system that originally has a rigidity ko, the material will have a large rigidity k at the same time. Therefore, the h of the latter equation (2) has a large denominator and is small as a whole.

Such a problem similarly exists in a structure having another damping mechanism (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-1391).

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a damping device capable of increasing the damping force without increasing the damping coefficient.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the damping device of the first invention uses a lever that detects the relative speed between adjacent structures and amplifies and transmits the relative speed to the output end. It is characterized by comprising a speed means and a damping means for applying a damping force to the output end of the lever having an amplified speed.

Further, the damping device of the second aspect of the present invention includes a speed increasing means for detecting the relative speed between the adjacent structures by the large diameter cylinder and piston and amplifying and transmitting the relative speed to the small diameter cylinder and piston on the output end side. Damping means for applying a damping force to the small diameter side piston having an increased speed.

[0009]

In the first aspect of the invention, the relative speed between the adjacent structures is input to one end of the lever of the speed increasing means and detected, and at the same time, amplified and output from the other end of the speed increasing means. Then, the damping means performs the damping action on this output end.

In the second aspect of the invention, the relative speed is input to and detected by the cylinder and piston on the large diameter side of the speed increasing means, and at the same time amplified and transmitted to the cylinder and piston on the small diameter side for output. The small diameter side piston is accelerated and output, and the damping means performs a damping action on the small diameter side piston.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the first invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The adjacent structures 1 and 7 have different sizes,
Therefore, they have different vibration periods. These structures 1,7
A rod 9 is horizontally passed between the two. Rod 9
Is fixed to one structure 1 and the other end is connected to the speed increasing means 11 provided in the other structure 7. The speed increasing means 11 uses a lever 13. That is, the rod 9 is connected to the input end 15 having the short arm of the lever 13. Also, the output end 1 having a long arm
A dashpot 19 is connected to 7 as a damping means.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.
Since the two structures 1 and 7 have different natural vibration periods, a relative velocity x'in the horizontal direction is generated during an earthquake or the like. This relative speed x'is due to the action of the lever 13.
The lever 13 is amplified according to the ratio α of the length l ₁ of the short arm to the length l ₂ of the long arm, and the output end 17 side is accelerated to the speed αx ′. Then, at the speed αx ′ thus increased,
The rod 19A of the dashpot 19 moves. Therefore, even if the damping coefficient c is not increased by increasing the viscosity of the viscous fluid in the dashpot 19 or decreasing the size of the internal orifice, the detected relative velocity x ′ is amplified to αx ′. Since the height can be increased to be sufficiently large, a large damping force c · αx ′ can be obtained.

Since it is not necessary to increase the damping coefficient c of the dashpot 19 in this manner, the damping device is maintained between the structure 7 and the dashpot 19 while maintaining an appropriate flexibility without increasing the rigidity k of the damping device. Speed increasing means 11 using the lever 13
By providing, it becomes possible to perform sufficient attenuation.

Next, an embodiment of the second invention is shown in FIG.
Adjacent structures 1 and 7 are similar to those in FIG. The speed increasing means 11 has a configuration in which cylinders and pistons having different diameters are connected in series. That is, the rod 9 fixed to the structure 1 is connected to the large diameter first cylinder 21. A small-diameter second cylinder 23, which also serves as a large-diameter piston, is inserted inside the first cylinder 21, and the cylinder 23 is fixedly locked to the structure 7 side. Then, the second piston 25 on the small diameter side, which is inserted into the second cylinder 23, is connected to the dashpot 19 which is also fixed and locked to the structure 7 side. It is desirable that the speed increasing means 11 including a cylinder and a piston be a hydraulic type using non-compressible oil.

The operation of this embodiment will be described below.

The cross-sectional area inside the first cylinder 21 is S ₂
The cross-sectional area inside the second cylinder 23 is S ₁ .
The product of the relative displacement of the structures 1, 7 and S ₂ is equal to the product of the output displacement and S ₁ . Since the rate of acceleration is equal to the rate of these two displacements, the acceleration is performed according to the ratio of S ₁ and S ₂ . The dashpot 19 has a damping action on the piston 25 having the speed thus increased. Therefore, similarly to the above-described embodiment, even if the damping coefficient c of the dashpot 19 is not increased, the relative speed x ′ between the structures 1 and 7 is amplified to increase the large speed αx ′.
Can be output from the small diameter side piston 25 at the output end, so that a large damping force c · αx ′ can be obtained.

The speed-increasing means 11 composed of a cylinder and a piston having different diameters as described above serves as a second piston which also serves as a piston.
However, in another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, such a cylinder may not be provided and the entire cylinder may be a single cylinder 27. That is, the pistons 29 and 31 are inserted into both ends of one cylinder 27 having different diameters at both ends. When the relative speed is input by the piston 29 inserted in the end having a large diameter, the increased speed is output from the piston 31 inserted in the end having a small diameter. The same effect as 3) is obtained. Further, as still another embodiment, if the large diameter cylinder and the small diameter cylinder are completely separated and are connected to each other by a pipe, the small diameter cylinder, the piston, and the dashpot can be arranged at arbitrary positions. .

Further, the damping means in the above three embodiments (FIGS. 2, 3 and 4) was the dashpot 19, but other damping means can be used in other embodiments. That is, various damping means utilizing the friction on the dry smooth surface of the member, the friction between the lubricating surfaces, the resistance of air or fluid, the electric damping, the internal friction of the elastic body, etc. can be considered.

[0020]

As described above, according to the damping device of the present invention, the relative speed generated between the adjacent structures is increased by a speed increasing means using a lever or by connecting a cylinder and a piston having different diameters. It is amplified by the configured speed increasing means and output to the output end, and the damping means acts on the output end having this amplified speed, so it is possible to increase the overall damping force without increasing the damping coefficient, so that the rigidity is increased. It is possible to increase the damping constant while maintaining a proper flexibility without increasing the value to sufficiently suppress the structure.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view showing an embodiment of a first invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an essential part showing an embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part showing a second embodiment of the second invention.

FIG. 5 is an overall schematic diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 structure 3 laminated rubber 5 dash pot 7 structure 9 rod 11 speed increasing means 13 lever 19 dash pot (damping means) 21 cylinder (large diameter side) 23 cylinder (small diameter side) that also serves as piston (large diameter side) 25 Piston (small diameter side) 27 Cylinder 29 Piston (large diameter side) 31 Piston (small diameter side)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A speed increasing means using a lever for detecting a relative speed between adjacent structures and amplifying and transmitting the relative speed to an output end, and a damping force to the output end of the lever having the amplified speed. A damping device, which comprises: 2. A speed increasing means for detecting a relative speed between adjacent structures by a large diameter cylinder and a piston and amplifying and transmitting the relative speed to a small diameter cylinder and a piston on the output end side, and an increased speed. A damping device comprising: a damping unit that applies a damping force to the small-diameter side piston.