JPH0657984B2 - Retractable roof - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a retractable roof suitable for an all-weather building where the roof opens and closes like an athletic stadium.

<Prior Art> Conventional open / close type roofs each have a laminated structure in which the roofs are stacked in several stages, and these are slidably slid or run to open / close the top of the building.

For example, a beam or a girder supporting a roof is configured to be extendable and retractable, or traveling wheels are attached to the girder to run on the beam.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, in the conventional roof, since the space for accommodating the open roof part remains at the top, considering the opening ratio in the horizontal projected area of the roof, the roof opening Rate 100
It could not be set to%.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the roof is opened, since the roof member is positioned substantially vertically, the horizontal projected area required for storage is minimized, and opening / closing with an opening ratio of 100% is sufficient to withstand the influence of cross wind at that time. The purpose is to provide a roof.

<< Means for Solving Problems >> In order to achieve the above object, the retractable roof of the present invention is a quadrangular pyramid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a dome-shaped roof, and a radial cut reaching from the center to the periphery. Along the line, the middle part in the height direction is divided into upper and lower parts along a cutting line along the circumferential direction of the roof, and the peripheral end side base end part is formed so as to be able to move up and down with a rotation axis. A plurality of fan-shaped roof members, an elevating means for elevating the roof members to raise and lower the roof members and close the roof members by tilting the roof members, and the roof members divided into upper and lower parts. An interlocking rod that is provided so as to extend from the upper roofing material to the lower roofing material, and has an upper end portion pivotally attached to the upper roofing material and a lower end portion pivotally attached to the lower roofing material, the interlocking rod and the upper roofing material. And with either or both of the above lower roof materials Spanned between
A cylinder that is driven to expand and contract to engage and disengage the upper roof member with respect to the upper edge of the lower roof member, and a lower end shaft-attached portion of the interlocking rod is vertically moved along the height direction of the lower roof member. And a moving means.

<Operation> When the roof moves from the closed state to the open state, the roof member pivotally moves in the elevation direction so that the central portion when the roof is closed is lifted upward by the elevation means so that the roof end is the center. Then, it becomes almost vertical and stops. Then, the upper roof material above the middle portion in the height direction of the opened roof member is moved obliquely upward by the expansion and contraction movement of the cylinder to be disengaged from the upper edge of the lower roof material. After that, when the lower end shaft-attached portion of the interlocking rod is pulled down by the moving means, the upper roofing material is lowered integrally with the interlocking rod, and the upper roofing material overlaps the lower roofing material. As a result, the height of the open roof is reduced to about one half.

<Examples> Hereinafter, preferred examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a building having a dome roof 1 in the shape of a hemisphere, and this building has the dome roof 1 placed on an outer wall 3 standing in a circle on a ground surface 2.

The dome roof 1 has a structure in which it is radially cut down at intervals of 60 degrees from the center point of the top of the roof and is divided, and each fan-shaped roof member 4-
4a-4b-4c-4d-4e.

Each roof member 4 to 4e is a frame 6 in which a lightweight steel frame is assembled in a lattice.
It is covered with a thin metal plate or a fluororesin film.
Further, the middle part in the height direction of each roof member 4 to 4e is divided into upper and lower parts along the circumferential direction of the dome roof 1, and the upper part is the upper roof material 5 and the lower part is the lower roof material 7.

There is a ground 8 in the center of the inside of the building, and a stand 9 surrounds the outer circumference.

That is, the dome roof 1 has a hemispherical shape in a closed state, but when the dome roof 1 is opened, each roof member 4 to 4e is rotated in the elevation direction with the base end located on the outer wall 3 side as a rotation axis. It opens from the roof top in six directions (Fig. 2), and after that, as shown in Fig. 3, the upper part (upper roofing material 5) from the middle part in the height direction where the roof members 4 to 4e are opened is inclined and moved inward,
Further, it is lowered as it is to increase the aperture ratio and the area of the open roof members 4 to 4e which receives the wind pressure is made small.

Note that the skeleton of the roof members 4 to 4e is not limited to metal and may be a composite material of plastic and metal, and it is desirable to reduce the weight.

Next, since the roof members 4 to 4e have the same structure,
One of them is illustrated in detail in FIG. The figure is a side view of only the roof member 4, and a base end 11 of the roof member 4 is pivotally supported by a hinge 12 on the outer edge of the top of the outer wall 3.

An intermediate part of the roof member 4 is supported and connected by an interlocking rod 13 so as to be able to incline and depress the elevation angle, and an upper end portion of the interlocking rod 13 is rotatably attached to an upper roof member 5 and a lower end member to a lower roof member 7. It is pivoted. That is, the roof member 4 is the upper roof material 5 and the lower roof material 7
Is formed of a frame 6, and interlocking rods 13 are vertically arranged on both sides of the upper and lower roof members 5 and 7. The lower end shaft-attached portion of the interlocking rod 13 is fitted in a guide groove 14 which constitutes a moving means provided inside the lower roofing material 7 along the height direction thereof, and the lower end portion of the interlocking rod 13 is attached. By moving up and down along the guide groove 14, the upper roofing material 5 also moves up and down. On the joint surface between the upper roof member 5 and the lower roof member 7 and the front end face of the roof member 4, connecting members 15 for the roofs are installed, respectively, in consideration of waterproofing and safe connection.

As the connection tool 15, the actual application of the applicant's earlier application Sho6
No. 0-161309 is preferable. This is a sickle lock on one side,
The other is provided with a lock hole to be engaged therewith, and the lock holes are connected to each other in a pulled state.

The pivoting motion of the base end 11 of the roof member 4 at the hinge 12 and the engaging / disengaging motion of the upper roof member 5 with respect to the upper edge of the lower roof member 7 by the interlocking rod 13 are performed by the following structure.

The hydraulic cylinder 16 is used for the driving power as the elevation means, and the hydraulic cylinders 18 and 20 are used for the engaging / disengaging movement. The bottom end of the first hydraulic cylinder 16 is rotatably supported on the top of the outer wall 3, and the tip of the cylinder rod 17 thereof is rotatably supported at a position slightly above the base end 11 of the lower roofing material 7.

When the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder 16 is controlled and the cylinder rod 17 is expanded and contracted, the roof member 4 is moved to the base end portion 11 thereof.
The hinge 12 is used as a rotation axis to reciprocally rotate in the elevation direction. Since the base end portion 11 has its rotation axis on the outer side of the outer wall 3 during the elevational movement, the tip of the roof member 4 that bends inward due to the curved curvature is opened sufficiently to surely move to the outer side of the stand 9. As a result, an aperture ratio of 100% is obtained.

Further, in the circular portion of the roof member 4, the tip of the cylinder rod 19 of the second hydraulic cylinder 18 is the back surface of the upper roof material 5 and the upper roof material 5 and the lower roof material 7 abut on the same plane. The second hydraulic cylinder 18 is pivotally supported on the interlocking rod 13 slightly above the portion and below the upper end shaft-attached position of the interlocking rod 13.

When the cylinder rod 19 is contracted, the upper roof member 5 moves in the elevation direction with the upper end of the interlocking rod 13 pivoting on the upper end of the interlocking rod 13.

The third hydraulic cylinder 20 is for changing the support angle of the interlocking rod 13, and by changing this support angle, the upper roof member 5 moves the lower end portion of the interlocking rod 13 to the rotating shaft. The lower end of the interlocking rod 13 is pivotally supported by a bracket 22, which slides in the guide groove 14. The bottom end of the third hydraulic cylinder 20 is pivotally attached to the bracket 22, and the tip end of the cylinder rod 21 is pivotally attached slightly above the lower end of the interlocking rod 13.

The third hydraulic cylinder 20 is operated to perform the engagement / disengagement operation with respect to the upper edge of the lower roof material 7 of the upper roof material 5 supported by the upper end portion of the interlocking rod 13 together with the second hydraulic cylinder 18.

When the roof member 4 is in the closed position, as shown in FIG. 4A, the first hydraulic cylinder 16 and the third hydraulic cylinder 2
The cylinder rods 17 and 21 of 0 are contracted, and only the cylinder rod 19 of the second hydraulic cylinder 18 is expanded.

Next, when opening the roof member 4 toward the open position, first, the first hydraulic cylinder 16 is operated and the cylinder rod 17 thereof is extended. Along with this, the roof member 4 moves in the elevation direction around the hinge 12 as a center, and shifts to a completely opened state as shown in FIG. Then, the third hydraulic cylinder 20 may be moved to lower its height, and the cylinder rod 21 may be extended to move the interlocking rod 13 upward. By performing such an operation, the upper roofing material 5 is separated from the lower roofing material 7 (Fig. 5C).

However, if the second hydraulic cylinder 18 is operated (the direction of contraction) to match the inclination angle of the upper roof material 5 with the inclination angle of the lower roof material 7 as shown in FIG. It moves down according to the guide direction, and stops when the top end of the upper roofing material 5 has completely moved so as to be hidden inside the lower roofing material 7.

As a moving means of the bracket 22, a rack may be provided on the guide groove 14 side and the pinion on the bracket 22 side may be driven or pulled by a wire rope.

<Effect> As described in detail above, according to the retractable roof of the present invention, the roof is opened by vertically moving the base member so as to vertically elevate the roof member so that the roof member is opened. The horizontal projection area is minimized when it is cut, and the aperture ratio is 100%.
Can be Therefore, the feeling of openness can be made almost the same as in the state without the roof. Further, since the retractable roof of the present invention does not have a step unlike the conventional multi-layer structure, a flat roof surface without a step can be obtained when the roof is closed. It is advantageous in that there is no need to take care of rain. Regarding the problem of wind blowing, it is necessary to prevent the blowing by some kind of closing means in the conventional roof having stepped portions, but in the present invention, such a consideration is not necessary because a flat roof surface can be secured. effective.

Further, when the roof member is erected and the roof is opened, both the upper roof material and the lower roof material connected by the interlocking rod are displaced by the cylinder, and then the lower end shaft-attached portion of the interlocking rod is moved by the moving means. Since the upper roofing material can be moved downward and overlapped with the lower roofing material, the area receiving the cross wind can be reduced by the amount by which the upper roofing material is lowered, and the height of the standing roof member can be reduced. Since it can be lowered, it is preferable in terms of wind pressure resistance and landscape, and by reducing the structure for wind pressure resistance, it is also possible to reduce the design strength of the peripheral structure such as the foundation supporting the roof. Exert.

[Brief description of drawings]

Each of the drawings relates to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an oblique view of a dome roof, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views showing the operating state thereof, and FIG. 4 is a roof structure and operation sequence. It is a side view for explaining. 1 ... Dome roof, 2 ... Ground surface, 3 ... Outer wall, 4 ... Roof member, 5 ... Upper roof member, 6 ... Skeleton, 7 ... Lower roof material, 8 ... Ground, 9 ... Stand, 11 ... ... Base end part 12 ... Hinge, 13 ... Interlocking rod 14 ... Guide groove, 15 ... Connecting tool 16 ... First hydraulic cylinder, 17 ... Cylinder rod 18 ... Second hydraulic cylinder, 19 ... … Cylinder rod 20 …… Third hydraulic cylinder, 21 …… Cylinder rod 22 …… Bracket

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A quadrangular pyramid, a triangular pyramid, a cone, a dome-shaped roof, etc. are sectioned along a radial cutting line extending from the center of the roof to the periphery thereof, and the midway portion in the height direction is divided in the circumferential direction of the roof. A plurality of fan-shaped roof members, which are vertically divided along a cutting line along with, and are formed so as to be able to move up and down with the peripheral side base end portion as a rotation axis, and the roof members are erected to open the roof, To raise and lower the roof members by tilting them up and down in order to close the roof, the roof members are divided into upper and lower roof members, which are divided into upper and lower parts, and the upper roof members have upper ends. , An interlocking rod whose lower end is rotatably attached to a lower roof member, and an extendable / contractible drive straddled between the interlocking rod and the upper roof member and / or the lower roof member. The upper roofing material to the upper edge of the lower roofing material. And the cylinder engaging and disengaging, the retractable roof, characterized in that the lower end portion pivotally mounted portion of the associated rod comprising a moving means for vertically moving along the height direction of the lower roof member.