JPH065783B2 - High-efficiency photovoltaic power generation method and device using fluorescent condensing plate - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation method and device using a fluorescent type light collector.

[Background of the Invention] There is a solar cell as a technology for converting solar energy into electric energy, and recently, a technology for improving photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell has been actively developed. The technology to generate electricity with high efficiency has hardly been developed, and it is the current situation that it is not yet at a satisfactory stage.

As is well known, there are various types of solar cells, which differ not only in manufacturing cost, photoelectric conversion efficiency, shape and appearance, but also in their spectral sensitivity characteristics (bandgap).

As described above, attempts have been made to convert sunlight into electric energy comprehensively and efficiently by using a plurality of solar cells having different band gaps in combination.

That is, for example, a tandem-type solar cell in which amorphous solar cells having different band gaps are stacked in multiple layers or a tandem-type solar cell in which an amorphous solar cell is installed on a crystalline solar cell has been conventionally considered. However, since sunlight is converted into electric energy in a plurality of processes while keeping its wavelength, there is a disadvantage that the selection range of the solar cells installed in multiple layers is limited.

[Object of the Invention] It is an object of the present invention to provide a high-efficiency photovoltaic power generation method and device using a fluorescent type light-concentrating plate that wavelength-selects sunlight and converts sunlight into electric energy comprehensively and efficiently. To do.

[Structure of the Invention] The present inventor has conducted earnest research to achieve the above object, and has completed the present invention.

The photovoltaic power generation method using the fluorescent type light collector according to the present invention,
At the side end of the fluorescent type light collecting plate, a crystal type solar cell for converting the light energy of the sun rays captured by the fluorescent dye of the fluorescent type light collecting plate into electric energy is arranged, and the sunlight is incident on the fluorescent type light collecting plate. Armofus solar cells on the surface side, the compound semiconductor solar cells are arranged on the back surface side of the sunlight incident surface, respectively, and the amorphous solar cells generate power by direct sunlight, and among the solar rays that have passed through the amorphous solar cells. , The component of the characteristic frequency is captured by the fluorescent dye of the fluorescent condensing plate, power is generated by the crystalline solar cell by the light emitted from this fluorescent dye, and the component of the sun rays that have passed through the fluorescent condensing plate The photovoltaic power generation device using the fluorescent type light collecting plate according to the present invention is a fluorescent type light collecting plate. Crystalline solar cells arranged on the side edges of the plate, amorphous solar cells arranged on the solar light incident surface side of the fluorescent light collector, and compound semiconductor solar cells arranged on the back surface side of the solar light incident surface of the fluorescent light collector. , And.

[Operation of the Invention] In the solar power generation method and device according to the present invention, a crystalline solar cell, an amorphous solar cell, and a compound semiconductor solar cell are arranged with a fluorescent type light collector in the center, and the frequency characteristics of solar rays and the solar cell described above. By the characteristics of the above, the light energy of sunlight is converted into electrical energy with high efficiency, that is, the front surface of the fluorescent type light collector (the surface on which the sunlight is incident).
An amorphous solar cell is placed on the solar cell, power is generated by the amorphous solar cell by direct sunlight, and a specific frequency component of the sun rays that have passed through the amorphous solar cell is captured by the fluorescent dye of the fluorescent concentrator. The light emitted from the dye is used to generate power in the crystalline solar cell, and the component of the sun's rays that have passed through the fluorescent light collector is used to generate power in the compound semiconductor solar cell placed on the back side of the fluorescent light collector. Therefore, light-electric energy conversion is performed with high efficiency.

[Specific Configuration of the Invention] In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the solar cell converts fluorescent light emitted from a fluorescent dye and reflected light into electrical energy, and the solar light incident on the fluorescent light condensing plate. The light is sunlight that has passed through a solar cell different from the solar cell, and the sunlight that has passed through the fluorescent light collector enters a third solar cell different from the solar cell. The most preferable embodiment is that each of the three solar cells is a solar cell having a spectral sensitivity characteristic suitable for its incident light.

A preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention is that the solar cell converts fluorescent light and reflected light emitted from a fluorescent dye into electric energy, and the solar light incident surface of the fluorescent type light collector has the solar light. A translucent solar cell different from the battery is provided, and a third solar cell different from the solar cell is provided on the surface of the fluorescent light collector opposite to the sunlight incident surface. , The most preferred embodiment is
By installing a solar cell having a spectral sensitivity characteristic suitable for the incident light on each of the end face of the fluorescent light collector, the sunlight incident face, and the opposing face thereof, the solar energy can be efficiently converted into electric energy. is there.

The fluorescent light collector used in the present invention (Luminescent Solar C
An oncentrator) is a transparent glass or plastic sheet with a fluorescent dye added, and when it is exposed to sunlight, it absorbs light in a certain wavelength band in addition to reflected light and emits light in different wavelength bands. Is emitted (the wavelength band of the light to be absorbed / emitted differs depending on the fluorescent dye).

Examples of the fluorescent dye include a synthetic resin fixed solution of a daylight fluorescent dye or a pigment dye. As the fluorescent dye, for example, CI49005, CI46040, CI45170, CI45350, CI45
Examples of the resin include 380 and the like.
Polymethacrylic acid ester resin, urea formalin resin,
Melamine resin, vinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, alkyd resin and modified resins thereof are used.

As the fluorescent dye binder of the fluorescent type light collecting plate, these resins, a translucent resin (preferably an acrylic resin) having good compatibility with these resins, glass or the like is preferably used.

In the case of using red and orange as the fluorescent dyes as an example, as shown in FIG. 4, the yellow-red part of the incident sunlight (white light) is reflected [reflection component (1)], and
The absorbed energy of ultraviolet to blue-violet is converted into yellow-red luminescence to be emitted or reflected [fluorescent component (2)], so that both are superposed and bright yellow-red [(3) component = (1) +
(2)].

In the fluorescent light condensing plate of the present invention, light emitted or reflected from the fluorescent dye (total component of reflected light (1) and fluorescence)
(3)) is totally reflected and condensed on the end face as shown in FIGS. In this way, light of a certain wavelength is condensed on the end face of the fluorescence type light condensing plate without using a special optical system (lens or reflecting mirror). Such wavelength selection can be determined depending on the fluorescent dye used.

In the present invention, the wavelength selection can be performed according to the band gap of the solar cell used for the end surface of the fluorescent type light collector.

The solar cell used in the present invention may be of any type. That is, it may be an amorphous (non-crystalline) type, a crystalline type, a so-called compound semiconductor type, or any other type.

If this point is further explained, the solar cell of the present invention may be either a dry type or a wet type, and the dry type silicon solar cell may be any of single crystal, polycrystal (ingot and ribbon), and amorphous. It may also be a compound semiconductor (organic and inorganic) solar cell. In the case of a wet type, a compound semiconductor solar cell and the like can be mentioned. Also, chemical cells that work by the action of light such as photovoltaic cells that work by exciting dyes (eg, photogalvanic cells, dye-sensitized cells, etc.), solar cells made of organic thin films, or metal thin films and tunnel diodes are used. A combined plasmon solar cell may be used.

Regarding the solar cell preferably used in the present invention, "Chemical and Industrial", Vol. 37, No. 10, pp. 671 to 678, "Chemical problems of solar cell", published by The Chemical Society of Japan, October 1, 1984.
And "Chemical battery working by the action of light", and JP-A-59-4179, 59-47777, and 59-9.
Reference can be made to Japanese Patent No. 6722.

FIGS. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment of the device of the present invention, in which 1 is a fluorescent type light collecting plate containing a fluorescent dye 2 and 3 is sunlight incident on the fluorescent type light collecting plate 1. Surface (upper surface)
Is a second solar cell provided on one end surface of the fluorescent type light collecting plate 1, and 5 is a third solar cell provided on the lower surface of the fluorescent type light collecting plate 1. Reference numeral 6 is a reflection film provided on the other end surface, both side surfaces, etc. of the fluorescent type light collector 1.

In the present embodiment, different bands are used, for example, an amorphous solar cell is used as the first solar cell 3, a crystalline solar cell is used as the second solar cell 4, and a compound semiconductor solar cell is used as the third solar cell 5. It is most preferable in the present invention to use a solar cell having a gap.

That is, in the case of the present embodiment, for example, the amorphous solar cell 3 is installed on the fluorescent type light collector 1, and the solar energy on the short wavelength side is converted into electric power. Next, the sunlight (mainly in the mid-wavelength band) that has passed through the amorphous solar cell 3 is converted into the fluorescent light condensing plate 1.
Then, the fluorescent dye 2 is absorbed and radiated to shift the middle wavelength band to a longer wavelength band, which is then applied to the crystalline solar cell 4 installed on the end face to be converted into electric power. On the other hand, the sunlight (mainly in the long wavelength band) that has passed through the fluorescent condensing plate 1 is converted into electric power by the compound semiconductor solar cell 5 installed under the fluorescent condensing plate 1.

In this way, the solar energy is wavelength-selected by the three-step process, and the solar energy including various wavelength bands is efficiently converted into electric power by the three types of solar cells having the optimum spectral sensitivity characteristics for each wavelength band. It is to convert.

The sunlight that enters the fluorescent condensing plate or the first solar cell of the present invention may be direct sunlight, scattered light, or convergent light.

Further, details of the fluorescent type light collecting plate used in the present invention are disclosed in JP-A-58-32476, and the description of the publication can be referred to.

It is also preferable to apply a technique (for example, clear overlay) for improving the durability (weather resistance) of the fluorescent dye.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the present invention, a crystalline solar cell is arranged at a side end portion of a fluorescent type light collector, and an amorphous solar cell is arranged on a front surface (a surface on a side where sunlight rays are incident) of the fluorescent light collector. By arranging the compound semiconductor solar cells on the back side respectively, power is generated by the amorphous solar cell by direct sunlight, and among the sunlight rays that have passed through the amorphous solar cell, the component of a specific frequency is the fluorescence of the fluorescent type light collector. Compound semiconductors that are captured by a dye, generate power in a crystalline solar cell by the light emitted from this fluorescent dye, and are placed on the back side of the fluorescent light collector by the components of the solar cell that have passed through the fluorescent light collector. Since power is generated by the solar cell, it is possible to perform light-electric energy conversion with extremely high efficiency as compared with conventional solar cells.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 3 are principle explanatory views showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view seen from the A side, and FIG. 3 is B. It is sectional drawing seen from the side. Fourth
The figure is a graph showing the wavelength and reflectance when red and orange are used as fluorescent dyes. 1: Fluorescent condensing plate 2: Fluorescent dye 3: First solar cell 4: Second solar cell 5: Third solar cell 6: Reflective film

Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-54-35694 (JP, A) JP-A-54-146647 (JP, A) JP-A-61-108988 (JP, A) JP-A-51-3788 (JP , A) Actually developed 54-47380 (JP, U)

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A crystal type solar cell for converting the light energy of the solar rays trapped by the fluorescent dye of the fluorescent type light collecting plate into electric energy at the side end of the fluorescent type light collecting plate, and the fluorescent type light collecting plate. An Almofus solar cell is arranged on the sunlight incident surface side of the light plate, and a compound semiconductor solar cell is arranged on the rear surface side of the sunlight incident surface. Electric power is generated by the amorphous solar cell by direct sunlight and passes through the amorphous solar cell. Among the sunlight rays, the component of a specific frequency is captured by the fluorescent dye of the fluorescent light collector, the light emitted from this fluorescent dye causes the crystalline solar cell to generate electricity, and further passes through the fluorescent light collector. A photovoltaic power generation method using a fluorescent light concentrating plate, characterized in that power is generated in a compound semiconductor solar cell by the components of the above-mentioned sunlight rays. 2. A fluorescent type light collecting plate, a crystal type solar cell arranged at a side end of the fluorescent type light collecting plate, an Almofas solar cell arranged on a side of the fluorescent type light collecting plate on which the sunlight is incident, and a fluorescent type light collecting plate. A photovoltaic power generation device using a fluorescent type light collecting plate, comprising: a compound semiconductor solar cell arranged on the back side of the sunlight incident surface.