JPH0657241A - Heat-storing structural building material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the building material which suffers neither the exudation of the heat storage component or the change in its appearance. CONSTITUTION:The building material comprises a structural building material and a heat storage material dispersed therein. The heat storage material comprises a mixture prepared by mechanically mixing 100 pts.wt. paraffin as a heat storage component with 5-30 pts.wt. organic hydrocarbon polymer as a binder component. Thus, the surface treatment of the heat storage material, the formation of a shielding layer in the structural building material and the use of a container or tank for holding the heat storage material can be dispensed with, so that the production process for the heat-storing-structural building material can be abridged, and the production cost can be reduced. Further, the amount of heat stored can be increased and the heat absorption and dissipation can be performed at good efficiency, and the running cost of the equipment for controlling the room temperature can be markedly reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage structure building material, more specifically, a heat storage material dispersed in a building material such as floors, walls, ceilings, tiles, panels, partitions and floor pads. Heat storage structure building materials.

In recent years, in order to construct a comfortable indoor environment, it has been proposed to disperse a heat storage material in a building material to adjust the internal temperature of the room, and it is partially realized. As the above-mentioned heat storage material, there are known ones that utilize sensible heat of a substance, ones that utilize latent heat of phase change of a substance, and ones that utilize chemical change of substance. The heat storage material that does is attracting attention.

As a heat storage material utilizing this latent heat of phase change, a so-called organic heat storage material using paraffins as a heat storage component has been attracting attention because it can be easily and inexpensively produced. The paraffins, which are heat storage components, have the function of storing heat during the phase change from solid to liquid and releasing heat during the phase change from liquid to solid.

Examples of building materials in which such heat storage components are dispersed include, for example, paraffins impregnated in an inorganic cement-like material (see JP-A-63-75083).
Microcapsules embedded in a foamed heat insulating material (see JP-A-1-268942), and impregnated with cross-linked polyethylene and filled in a building material such as concrete (JP-A-1-135890, JP-A-1-135890). -28
No. 0147) is known.

[0005]

However, since the paraffins as heat storage components are liquefied during heat storage, when the above-mentioned heat storage material impregnated with paraffins is dispersed in a building material to be used as a building material, liquefaction occurs. There is a possibility that the paraffins formed will exude to the surface of the building material. Therefore, in order to prevent this, an alkali-resistant resin film is formed on the surface of the heat storage material, or the heat storage material layer in the building material is blocked with paper or a plate.

On the other hand, in the case of using the microencapsulated product, if the microcapsule is damaged during the phase change expansion of the heat storage component, the liquefied paraffins may exude to the surface of the building material in the same manner as described above. It is expensive and uneconomical because of encapsulation.

In addition to the above, when a heat storage material is contained in a building material such as concrete, expansion / contraction when the heat storage component undergoes a phase change causes warping, flexure, cracks, surface irregularity change, etc., in the building material, resulting in strength. Cause a decrease.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the heat storage component does not exude to the surface of the building material, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a building material having a heat storage structure in which the decrease in the strength such as the appearance change of the building material is extremely small.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems As a result of various studies in view of the above-mentioned present situation, the present inventors have found that a heat storage material obtained by mixing a composition comprising a specific heat storage component and a binder component by mechanical means. , It was found that it does not fluidize during heat storage. In particular, the present inventors have found that the heat storage material does not substantially warp, bend, crack, change in surface irregularity, etc. even when dispersed in a building material. The present invention has been completed based on this new finding.

That is, the heat storage structure building material of the present invention is one in which the heat storage material is dispersed in a building material, and the heat storage material is
It is characterized in that 100 parts by weight of paraffins as a heat storage component and 5 to 30 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon organic polymer as a binder component are mixed by mechanical means. Further, the heat storage structure building material is obtained by molding and processing the heat storage material by mixing and dispersing 20 to 80% by volume with respect to the building material.

[0011]

According to the heat storage structure building material of the present invention, since the specific organic heat storage material that does not flow during heat storage is used and dispersed, the heat storage component does not seep to the surface of the heat storage structure building material. Therefore, it is not necessary to subject the heat storage material to a surface treatment for flow prevention or to provide a shielding layer in the structural building material. Furthermore, the container or tank for accommodating the heat storage material can be eliminated, and the manufacturing cost of the heat storage structure building material can be reduced.

Further, since this heat storage material has a large amount of heat storage, it efficiently absorbs and radiates heat. Therefore, if the heat storage structure building material is used for floors, walls, ceilings, etc.
It is possible to store heat in the room or heat such as auxiliary heating and dissipate the heat at night to keep the room temperature substantially constant. Also,
Since the thermal energy is recycled, energy saving can be achieved and the running cost for temperature control in the room can be significantly reduced.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail. The building material in the present invention refers to all materials constituting a building structure, and examples thereof include flooring materials, wall materials, ceiling materials, tiles, panels, partitioning materials, floor pads, and the like.

The heat storage structure building material of the present invention is concrete,
It can be obtained by mechanically mixing and dispersing the following specific heat storage material composition in a building material such as mortar, cement, gypsum, etc. and molding it.

The heat storage material may be prepared by mixing paraffins as a heat storage component and a binder component made of a hydrocarbon organic polymer in an amount of 5 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the paraffins by mechanical means. What is used is used.

As the above-mentioned paraffins, JIS K
An organic compound whose T _max measured according to 7121 (Plastic transition temperature measuring method) is in the working temperature, that is, room temperature to 100 ° C., preferably room temperature to about 80 ° C. is used. However, this room temperature means the lowest temperature that the heat storage material of the present invention encounters during its operation.

Specific preferred examples of the paraffins include various paraffins, waxes and waxes composed of a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon having a straight chain or a side chain represented by C _n H _{2n + 2} , and are present as glycerides. Fatty acids such as stearic acid and palmitic acid, higher alcohols such as stearyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol existing as fatty acid esters, and one or two of these.
Used as a mixture of more than one species.

In the above hydrocarbon-based organic polymer, the main chain is basically hydrocarbon, and the content of other components (for example, O, N, Si, halogen, etc.) in the main chain is 10% by weight or less. , And preferably 1 or 2 or more of the hydrocarbon-based organic polymers of 5% by weight or less are used. Examples of such hydrocarbon organic polymers are shown below.

(1) Polyolefin polymers: homopolymers of α-olefins such as polymethylene, polyethylene and polypropylene, copolymers of olefins,
Examples thereof include copolymers of α-olefin with other monomers such as vinyl acetate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, and the like, and lightly halogenated polymers thereof. It may be amorphous to low crystalline,
It may be crystalline.

(2) Thermoplastic elastomers: Among those known or known as "thermoplastic elastomers" in the field of rubber and plastics, paraffins used at least at the above room temperature and above. A material having rubber elasticity in a temperature range of T _max + 10 ° C., preferably at least room temperature or higher and in a temperature range of T _max + 20 ° C. is used. Of course, it is also possible to use one that maintains rubber elasticity at a temperature higher than T _max + 20 ° C. In particular,
Various conventionally known thermoplastic elastomers such as styrene type, olefin type, urethane type and ester type can be exemplified.

(3) Hydrocarbon rubbers: natural rubber, styrene-butadiene-copolymer rubber, butyl rubber, isoprene rubber, ethylene-propylene copolymer rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber, ethylene −
Examples thereof include vinyl acetate copolymer rubber and ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer rubber.

The above hydrocarbon-based organic polymer may be crosslinkable or non-crosslinkable, but it is preferable that each of them has rubber-like properties rather than plastics properties.

The amount of the hydrocarbon organic polymer used is 5 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of paraffins. If it is less than 5 parts by weight, the flexibility of the resulting composition tends to be low and brittle, and paraffins tend to exude or melt easily at T _max or higher, while it exceeds 30 parts by weight. If the amount is too large, the amount of heat storage will decrease in proportion to the decrease in the amount of paraffins used.

Crosslinking and vulcanization of the above hydrocarbon-based organic polymer are carried out during or after mixing with paraffins, if necessary. As the method of crosslinking or vulcanizing, generally used chemical crosslinking, silane crosslinking (water crosslinking), electron beam or radiation irradiation, or the like can be adopted.

In cross-linking the heat storage material, whichever of the above-mentioned cross-linking methods is adopted, the degree of cross-linking is JIS
According to C 3005, the crosslinked product in the composition has a gel fraction of 1% by weight or more, preferably 2% by weight or more. By setting the degree of crosslinking to 1% or more, preferably 2% or more, even if the heat storage material is heated to T _max or more of the used paraffins, the heat storage material does not melt or drip and retains its original shape. It becomes possible to do.

As the above-mentioned hydrocarbon-based organic polymer, the following materials A, their cross-linked products or materials B are particularly preferable. A. Combined system of the above-mentioned (1) polyolefin-based polymers and the above-mentioned (3) hydrocarbon-based rubbers: In this case, as the polyolefin-based polymers, as the components thereof, homopolymers such as polymethylene, polyethylene and polystyrene, and olefins are particularly preferable. Examples thereof include copolymers of olefins with each other, copolymers of olefins with other monomers such as vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid. These are 1 or 2
The maximum crystal transition temperature (usually corresponding to the melting point) measured by JIS K 7121 (Plastic transition temperature measurement method) is at least 10 ° C higher than the T _{max of} the paraffins used. Highly crystalline ones are used, preferably at least 20 ° C. above T _max .

The crystalline polyolefin, when used in combination with a hydrocarbon rubber, has an appropriate flexibility and a reliable shape-retaining property. Moreover, it is not brittle and does not crack even when formed, and maintains sufficient holding properties.

In the case of this combination system, the blending ratio with paraffins is 1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight, of hydrocarbon rubbers to 100 parts by weight of paraffins, and 1 to 10 parts of polyolefin polymers. 20 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 15 parts by weight.

B. (2) Thermoplastic elastomer: As the thermoplastic elastomer, it is preferable to use one that exhibits rubber elasticity at T _max or less of paraffins.
In this case, since the thermoplastic elastomer has rubber elasticity at a temperature of T _max or lower, it can be satisfactorily supported in a state in which paraffins are well wrapped, the mixture is easy to handle, and it is difficult to crack and easy to mold. Is. Further, since the above-mentioned elastomer maintains rubber elasticity even at a temperature higher than T _max , the heat storage material of the present invention does not melt or drip.

The heat storage material used in the present invention is obtained by mixing the above-mentioned paraffins and a hydrocarbon-based organic polymer by mechanical means in the above-mentioned proportions. The mixing here means paraffins. A state in which any of the components to be mixed can be flow-deformed by an external force due to at least the remaining components swelling, preferably dissolving in the melt of at least one of the hydrocarbon-based organic polymer and the high temperature. Means to be stirred, mixed, or kneaded.

For example, a mode in which a hydrocarbon-based organic polymer is dissolved in a melt of paraffins kept at 100 to 200 ° C. and the resulting high temperature solution is stirred and mixed, and a temperature at which each mixed component is softened, for example, 50 Examples include a mode in which kneading and mixing are performed at a temperature of up to 250 ° C. using an ordinary kneading machine such as a two-roll mill, a Banbury mixer, an extruder, and a twin-screw kneading extruder. Mixing is preferably as complete as possible, but generally 1
It is sufficient to perform the mixing for about 150 minutes and visually judge that they are uniformly mixed.

The composition which has been made into a solution by the above-mentioned mixing can be molded as it is or after being slightly cooled to form a heat storage material having an arbitrary shape. The shape of the heat storage material may be granular, pellet, chip, block, fiber, sheet, plate or the like. For example, the composition in the form of a solution can be granulated as it is, or can be extruded into a sheet shape or a plate shape by an extruder, and further can be formed into a rod shape or a pipe shape by the extruder. If this sheet-shaped, plate-shaped, rod-shaped, or pipe-shaped molded product is shredded, it can be made into a granular form, chip form, or pellet form. Further, the block may be crushed into particles or chips.

If desired, various additives can be added to the heat storage material used in the present invention. For example, antioxidants, antioxidants, colorants, pigments, antistatic agents, etc. are blended, and depending on other uses, antifungal agents, flame retardants, etc., and further metal powders, metal fibers, metals to improve heat transfer properties. Oxides, carbon, carbon fibers and the like can be used in combination.

The heat storage material thus obtained is mixed and dispersed in the building material in an arbitrary ratio.
It is mixed in a volume ratio of not less than 30%, preferably 30 to 80% by volume.
This mixing method is carried out by sufficiently stirring and mixing a relatively small-sized heat storage material such as granules, chips, pellets or the like with a building material using a concrete mixer or the like. Then, this mixture is molded by various means such as casting to obtain a desired size,
A heat storage structure building material molded into a shape can be obtained. When the mixing amount of the heat storage material is less than 20% by volume, the heat storage structure building material does not sufficiently store heat. On the other hand, when it exceeds 80% by volume, the mechanical strength of the heat storage structure building material is reduced and the heat storage structure building material is It is not preferable because the strength cannot be maintained.

[0035]

EXAMPLES Examples will be shown below to more specifically describe the present invention. Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to these examples. Example 1 [Preparation of heat storage material] Composition of heat storage material Paraffin having a melting point of 115 ° F 50 parts by weight Palmityl alcohol (trade name NAA-44 manufactured by NOF CORPORATION) 50 parts by weight SEBS thermoplastic elastomer 15 parts by weight (Shell Chemical Co., Ltd. Product name, Clayton G) Polyethylene wax 5 parts by weight Antioxidant 0.5 parts by weight The above composition was melt-forced stirred at a temperature of 130 to 150 ° C. for 1 to 2 hours with a stirring mixer. The obtained mixture was poured into a mold and cooled to form a rod-shaped molded product, which was further shredded to prepare a granular or chip-shaped heat storage material that passed through a 12 mm mesh screen. The heat storage temperature of this heat storage material was 41 ° C., and the heat storage amount was 41 Cal / g. However, the measurements are based on JIS K 7121 and JIS K
7122.

[Preparation of Building Material for Thermal Storage Structure] The above thermal storage material was premixed with cement and sand, and then an appropriate amount of water was added and kneaded to prepare a mortar in which the thermal storage material was mixed. In addition,
The mixing ratio was heat storage material: cement: sand = 2: 1: 1 (volume ratio).

A mortar capable of accumulating heat is used with a diameter of 150 m.
After casting for m and length of 300 mm and curing and curing for 10 days, the specific gravity is measured, and then the dimensions are measured while the temperature is further raised to 70 ° C and the heat is sufficiently stored. , And the state change was observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 A mortar was prepared by adding an appropriate amount of water at a ratio of cement: sand = 1: 2.5 and kneading the mixture. This mortar was cast in a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 300 mm in the same manner as in Example 1, cured and cured for 10 days, then its specific gravity was measured, and the temperature was further raised to 70 ° C. to allow sufficient heat storage. The dimensions were measured to examine the thermal expansion and the state change was observed. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 Instead of the heat storage material used in Example 1, a crosslinked polyethylene impregnated with 70% of paraffin having a melting point of 115 ° F. was used as a heat storage material, and mortar was prepared in the same mixing ratio as in Example 1. did. This mortar was cast in a diameter of 150 mm and a length of 300 mm in the same manner as in Example 1, cured and cured for 10 days, then its specific gravity was measured, and the temperature was further raised to 70 ° C. to allow sufficient heat storage. The dimensions were measured to examine the thermal expansion and the state change was observed. This result is shown in Table 1.
It was as shown in.

[0040]

[Table 1]

As is apparent from Table 1 above, the mortar cast product of Example 1 is considerably lighter than that of Comparative Example 1. In addition, the linear expansion coefficient, which is a measure of thermal expansion, is the same as that of Comparative Example 1 in which the heat storage material is not mixed even though the heat storage material is mixed. Further, even when the state was observed at 70 ° C., there was no change in appearance and no heat storage component separated or exuded. On the other hand, in the case where the conventional heat storage material was mixed, the heat storage components were separated and exuded during heat storage. As described above, the structural building material in which the heat storage material of the present invention was mixed had characteristics that could be sufficiently implemented as a heat storage structural building material.

Application Example 1 A 50 mm thick heat insulating material was laid on the floor of a room of about 20 m ² , and a 240 W / m ² planar heater was laid on top of this. Then, on this sheet heater, mortar mixed with the heat storage material obtained in Example 1 was applied to a thickness of 28 mm, and 5
Mortar with a thickness of 0 mm was placed and cured and cured for 10 days.
Then, a P-tile was laid on the surface to form a floor in which the heat storage material was dispersed.

The floor heat is stored by using nighttime electricity at night.
By energizing the heater for 0 hours and stopping the energization during the day,
As a result of driving through the winter season (December to February), the room temperature was kept at 18 to 22 ° C all day and was almost constant and comfortable.

After the operation was completed, the P-tile was peeled off and the surface of the mortar was examined. As a result, no cracks or irregularities were found.
No exudation of the heat storage component was observed.

Example 2 [Preparation of heat storage material] Composition of heat storage material C ₁₆ normal paraffin 25 parts by weight C ₁₈ normal paraffin 75 parts by weight SEBS thermoplastic elastomer for hydrocarbon polymer binder 13 parts by weight (trade name: Kraton) G Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.) Polyethylene wax 7 parts by weight Antioxidant 0.2 parts by weight

The above composition was mixed and molded in the same manner as in Example 1. The heat storage temperature of this heat storage material was 21 ° C., and the heat storage amount was 30 Cal / g. However, the measurement is JIS K 7
121 and JIS K 7122.

[Preparation of Building Material for Heat Storage Structure] The above heat storage material was premixed with cement and sand in the same ratio as in the example, and then an appropriate amount of water was added and kneaded to prepare a mortar in which the heat storage material was mixed and dispersed.

The mortar capable of storing heat is 300 mm wide,
It was cast in a frame having a length of 900 mm and a thickness of 30 mm and cured and cured for 10 days to form a wall material in which a heat storage material was dispersed. Using this wall material, the inside dimensions are 1800 mm × 1800 mm ×
A small room with a wall thickness of 1800 mm and a wall thickness of 90 mm was set up. As a result of measuring the temperature in the room and the small room, the room was 23 ° C during the day,
It was 17 degrees Celsius at night, but 2 in each small room
At 1 ° C and 20 ° C, the temperature was kept almost constant throughout the day. In addition, the room was controlled at around 23 ° C with an air conditioner only during the day. In this way, it does not require auxiliary heat supply and can be usefully used as a constant temperature room.

[0049]

As described above, in the present invention, since the specific organic heat storage material in which the heat storage component does not flow at the time of heat storage is used, the heat storage component does not seep to the surface of the heat storage structure building material. Further, the surface treatment of the heat storage material, the formation of the shielding layer in the structural building material, and the need for a container or tank for accommodating the heat storage material can reduce the manufacturing cost of the heat storage structural building material.

Further, since the heat storage amount is large, heat is efficiently absorbed and radiated, and when the heat storage structure building material is used for walls, floors, ceilings, etc., the heat storage material absorbs heat such as daytime solar heat, indoor heat and auxiliary heating. Since it stores heat and radiates it at night, the temperature inside the room can be kept almost constant. Moreover, in the present invention, the decrease in strength due to the appearance change of the building material is extremely small. Therefore, it is possible to provide a heat storage structure building material that can effectively use thermal energy and can significantly reduce the running cost of temperature adjustment, which is useful for indoor heat retention, cold insulation, floor heating, and the like.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masahiko Omura 4-3 Ikejiri, Itami City, Hyogo Prefecture Mitsubishi Cable Industries, Ltd. Itami Works

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat storage structure building material in which a heat storage material is dispersed, wherein the heat storage material is paraffins 10 as a heat storage component.
0 to 3 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon-based organic polymer as a binder component 5 to 3
A heat storage structure building material characterized by being mixed with 0 parts by weight by mechanical means. 2. The heat storage structure building material according to claim 1, wherein the heat storage structure building material is obtained by mixing and dispersing the heat storage material in an amount of 20 to 80% by volume with respect to the building material and molding and processing the mixture.