JPH0654609B2 - Hollow superconducting wire - Google Patents
Hollow superconducting wireInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0654609B2 JPH0654609B2 JP63126878A JP12687888A JPH0654609B2 JP H0654609 B2 JPH0654609 B2 JP H0654609B2 JP 63126878 A JP63126878 A JP 63126878A JP 12687888 A JP12687888 A JP 12687888A JP H0654609 B2 JPH0654609 B2 JP H0654609B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- superconducting
- thin film
- hollow
- superconducting thin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
Landscapes
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は超伝導薄膜を用いた中空状超伝導線に関するも
のである。The present invention relates to a hollow superconducting wire using a superconducting thin film.
〔従来の技術〕 従来の超伝導線はバルク超伝導材料を用いることを製造
上の出発点としている。例えば、酸化物からなる超伝導
セラミックスを用いる例では、まずプレス成型、焼結な
どを経て得たバルク状の超伝導材料を用意し、これを粉
砕して微粉末とする。次に、銅などで作成されたパイプ
を用意し、このパイプ中に超伝導材料からなる微粉末を
入れ、圧延などによって線材化している。[Prior Art] A conventional superconducting wire uses a bulk superconducting material as a starting point in manufacturing. For example, in the case of using superconducting ceramics made of oxide, first, a bulk-shaped superconducting material obtained through press molding, sintering, etc. is prepared and pulverized into a fine powder. Next, a pipe made of copper or the like is prepared, and fine powder made of a superconducting material is put into this pipe and rolled into a wire.
ここで、いわゆる超伝導材料を用いて超伝導線を実現す
るためには、これを一定温度以下に保たなければならな
い。すなわち、古くから知られるニオブ系のものでは液
体ヘリウム等で冷却することが必要になり、近年の酸化
物超伝導材料などにおいても液体窒素等で冷却すること
が必要になる。そこで、冷却機能を有した超伝導線とし
て、例えば第２図に示すようなホロウコンダクタ（holl
owconductor）と呼ばれるものがある。これは、安定化
銅などで作成されたパイプ１中に超伝導材料２がシート
状に埋め込まれ、このパイプ１中の空胴３に液体ヘリウ
ムなどを流通できるようになっている。Here, in order to realize a superconducting wire using a so-called superconducting material, it must be kept below a certain temperature. That is, it has been necessary to cool niobium-based materials that have been known for a long time with liquid helium or the like, and it is also necessary to cool liquid oxide nitrogen or the like for recent oxide superconducting materials and the like. Therefore, as a superconducting wire having a cooling function, for example, a hollow conductor (holl conductor) as shown in FIG.
owconductor) there is something called. This is a sheet in which a superconducting material 2 is embedded in a pipe 1 made of stabilized copper or the like, and liquid helium or the like can be circulated in a cavity 3 in the pipe 1.
しかしながら、第２図のような従来構造の中空状超伝導
線で高い臨界電流密度を実現することは容易ではない。
なぜなら、近年の高温超伝導材料はその結晶構造のた
め、電気的特性のうちの特に臨界電流密度の異方性が極
めて大きく、大電流を流すときにはその配向性が問題と
なるからである。従来技術のように、バルク超伝導材料
を製造上の出発点にすると、この超伝導材料の配向性を
中空状超伝導線において一定方向に揃えることはほとん
ど不可能である。そこで、薄膜形成技術を用いることで
配向性を良好にし、臨界電流密度を高くすることが着目
されているが、中空状超伝導線に関しては未だ有効な手
法は見出されていない。However, it is not easy to realize a high critical current density with a hollow superconducting wire having a conventional structure as shown in FIG.
This is because the high-temperature superconducting material of recent years has a crystal structure, so that the anisotropy of the critical current density, which is one of the electrical characteristics, is extremely large, and its orientation becomes a problem when a large current is passed. When the bulk superconducting material is used as a starting point in manufacturing as in the prior art, it is almost impossible to align the orientation of the superconducting material in a certain direction in the hollow superconducting wire. Therefore, although attention has been paid to improving the orientation and increasing the critical current density by using a thin film forming technique, an effective method has not yet been found for hollow superconducting wires.
また、従来技術としては、特公昭４６−７０３号公報
や、特公昭４６−２２３１１号公報に示されるものがあ
るが、これらは、超伝導体層が片面からのみしか冷却さ
れないので、効率の良い冷却が行われない。また、特に
前者には、超伝導層が冷却材料と直接接触することによ
り超伝導層を傷つけてしまうという不都合もある。Further, as conventional techniques, there are those disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-703 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-22311, but these are efficient because the superconductor layer is cooled only from one side. No cooling. In addition, the former also has a disadvantage that the superconducting layer is damaged by the direct contact of the superconducting layer with the cooling material.
そこで、本願発明者は、上記の薄膜形成技術によれば配
向性を良好にしうることに着目し、大電流を通じること
が可能であって、良好な冷却機能を有し、しかも超伝導
層を傷つけることなない中空状超伝導線を提供すること
を目的として、第３図に示す中空状超伝導線について検
討した。Therefore, the inventor of the present application paid attention to the fact that the above-mentioned thin film forming technique can improve the orientation, and can pass a large current, has a good cooling function, and has a superconducting layer. The hollow superconducting wire shown in FIG. 3 was examined for the purpose of providing a hollow superconducting wire that is not damaged.
この中空超伝導線１０は安定化銅などからなる円筒状の
パイプ１１を有し、このパイプ１１の外面には各種のコ
ーティング技術により、超伝導薄膜１２が形成されてい
る。ここで、超伝導薄膜１２の材料としてはペロブスカ
イトの変形層状構造を有するＹ１Ｂa ２Ｃu ３Ｏ７−δ
のほか、各種のものを用いることができる。そして、こ
の超伝導薄膜１２はパイプ１１の軸方向に臨界電流密度
Ｊｃが最も高くなるように配向させられている。すなわ
ち、臨界電流密度Ｊｃの大きい結晶方位で優先的に配向
させられている。超伝導薄膜１２の表面には、これを保
護するための保護膜１３がコーティングされている。こ
れは、超伝導薄膜１２が、Ｌn 1Ｂa ２Ｃu ３Ｏ７−δ
（Ｌn ：ランタニド系元素）の場合は空気中の水分など
で変質しやすく、また機械的損傷も受けやすいので、こ
れらから効果的に保護するためである。したがって、超
伝導薄膜１２に対して安定な性質を有するものであれ
ば、ガラス、有機材料、貴金属など各種のものを用いる
ことができる。The hollow superconducting wire 10 has a cylindrical pipe 11 made of stabilized copper or the like, and a superconducting thin film 12 is formed on the outer surface of the pipe 11 by various coating techniques. Here, the material of the superconducting thin film 12 is Y 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ having a modified layered structure of perovskite.
In addition to these, various types can be used. The superconducting thin film 12 is oriented in the axial direction of the pipe 11 so that the critical current density Jc becomes the highest. That is, it is preferentially oriented in the crystal orientation having a large critical current density J c . The surface of the superconducting thin film 12 is coated with a protective film 13 for protecting it. This means that the superconducting thin film 12 is Ln 1 Ba 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ.
This is because in the case of (Ln: lanthanide element), it is likely to be deteriorated by moisture in the air or the like, and is also susceptible to mechanical damage, so that it is effectively protected from these. Therefore, various materials such as glass, organic materials, and noble metals can be used as long as they have stable properties with respect to the superconducting thin film 12.
次に、上記第３図の中空状超伝導線の作用を簡単に説明
する。Next, the operation of the hollow superconducting wire shown in FIG. 3 will be briefly described.
中空状超伝導線として使用する際には、パイプ１１の空
胴１４中に矢印Ａの如く寒剤を適宜の手段で流す。この
寒剤としては、例えば液体窒素を用いることができる。
すると、熱伝導性の良好なパイプ１１を介して超伝導薄
膜１２は臨界温度Ｔｃ以下に冷却され、超伝導現象を呈
することになる。このとき、超伝導薄膜１２は配向性を
有しているので臨界電流密度Ｊｃが大きく、従って大電
流を通すことができる。When used as a hollow superconducting wire, a cryogen is flown into the cavity 14 of the pipe 11 by an appropriate means as indicated by arrow A. Liquid nitrogen, for example, can be used as the cryogen.
Then, the superconducting thin film 12 is cooled to the critical temperature Tc or lower through the pipe 11 having good thermal conductivity, and exhibits the superconducting phenomenon. At this time, since the superconducting thin film 12 has an orientation, the critical current density J c is large, and therefore a large current can be passed.
しかし、この第３図の構造では、パイプ１１の外面は露
出しており、しかもパイプ１１の内面にはすべて超伝導
薄膜１２と保護膜１３の２重の層が介在しているので、
パイプ１１は温度が上昇しやすく、このため超伝導薄膜
１２の超伝導状態が破れる欠点がある。However, in the structure of FIG. 3, since the outer surface of the pipe 11 is exposed and the inner surface of the pipe 11 is entirely covered with the double layer of the superconducting thin film 12 and the protective film 13,
The temperature of the pipe 11 easily rises, which causes the superconducting thin film 12 to lose its superconducting state.
そこで、本発明は上記欠点を解決する中空状超伝導線を
提供することを目的とする。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a hollow superconducting wire that solves the above drawbacks.
本発明の中空状超伝導線は、内部に寒剤を流通させうる
ように中空状に熱伝導性の良好な電気伝導性材料によっ
て形成されたパイプと、このパイプの外周面に形成され
た断熱材の層と、このパイプの内面の一部が露出するよ
うに、パイプの内面に当該パイプの長手方向に連続して
形成された超伝導薄膜と、超伝導薄膜の表面に形成され
た保護膜とを備えることを特徴とする。The hollow superconducting wire of the present invention is a pipe formed of an electrically conductive material having a good thermal conductivity in a hollow shape so that a cryogen can be circulated therein, and a heat insulating material formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pipe. And a superconducting thin film continuously formed on the inner surface of the pipe in the longitudinal direction of the pipe so that a part of the inner surface of the pipe is exposed, and a protective film formed on the surface of the superconducting thin film. It is characterized by including.
本発明の構成によれば、超伝導を呈する部分は臨界電流
密度の高い超伝導薄膜で形成され、しかもこれはパイプ
中の寒剤によって効果的に冷却されるので、大電流を通
じることが可能になる。すなわち、超伝導薄膜は、パイ
プの内面の一部が露出するように形成されており、この
超伝導薄膜には保護膜が形成されているので、超伝導薄
膜の形成されていない面を介してパイプが冷却される。
このため、超伝導薄膜は保護膜側とパイプ側の両面から
効率的に冷却されると共に、寒剤が超伝導薄膜に接して
傷つけることもない。また、この超伝導薄膜は保護膜で
被覆されているので、経時的な安定性を高くすることが
できる。さらに、パイプを電気的伝導性を有する材料で
形成するので、超伝導薄膜の超伝導状態が破れたときに
も、このパイプを電流のバイパスとして機能させること
ができる。According to the configuration of the present invention, the portion exhibiting superconductivity is formed of the superconducting thin film having a high critical current density, and further, this is effectively cooled by the cryogen in the pipe, so that a large current can be passed. Become. That is, the superconducting thin film is formed so that a part of the inner surface of the pipe is exposed, and since the protective film is formed on this superconducting thin film, the superconducting thin film is not exposed through the surface on which the superconducting thin film is not formed. The pipe is cooled.
Therefore, the superconducting thin film is efficiently cooled from both the protective film side and the pipe side, and the cryogen does not come into contact with and damage the superconducting thin film. Further, since this superconducting thin film is covered with the protective film, stability with time can be increased. Further, since the pipe is made of a material having electrical conductivity, the pipe can function as a current bypass even when the superconducting state of the superconducting thin film is broken.
以下、添付図面の第１図にもとづいて、本発明の実施例
を説明する。なお、図面の説明において同一要素には同
一符号を付し、重複する説明を省略する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same elements will be denoted by the same reference symbols, without redundant description.
第１図を参照して本発明の実施例を詳しく説明する。An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
第１図はその斜視図である。本実施例の中空状超伝導線
１０では、安定化銅などからなるパイプ１１は矩形状に
形成され、その長辺側の内面にのみ超伝導薄膜１２が各
種のコーティング技術により形成され、その上にのみ保
護膜１３がコーティングされている。すなわち、パイプ
１１の短辺側の内面に露出している。そして、パイプ１
１の外側は断熱材１５によって囲まれている。なお、本
実施例においてパイプ１１の断面は矩形状であるが、こ
れには限られず、断面円形状や断面楕円状などの他の形
状のものであってもよいことはいうまでもない。FIG. 1 is a perspective view thereof. In the hollow superconducting wire 10 of this embodiment, the pipe 11 made of stabilized copper or the like is formed in a rectangular shape, and the superconducting thin film 12 is formed only on the inner surface on the long side thereof by various coating techniques. The protective film 13 is coated only on. That is, it is exposed on the inner surface of the short side of the pipe 11. And pipe 1
The outside of 1 is surrounded by a heat insulating material 15. Although the pipe 11 has a rectangular cross section in the present embodiment, it is needless to say that the pipe 11 may have another shape such as a circular cross section or an elliptical cross section.
本実施例においても、空胴１４中に寒剤を流通させて使
用する。このようにすると、超伝導薄膜１２は保護膜１
３を介して寒剤により冷却されるだけでなく、短辺側の
パイプ１１が寒剤により冷却されることにより、熱伝導
性の良好なパイプ１１を介して超伝導薄膜１２は保護膜
１３の反対側からも冷却される。しかも、熱伝導性の良
好なパイプ１１は断熱材１５に囲まれているので、雰囲
気によりパイプ１１、超伝導薄膜１２の温度が上昇する
ことも少ない。なお、その他の点（超伝導薄膜の材料な
ど）においては基本的に前提となった中空状超伝導線と
共通である。Also in this embodiment, the cryogen is circulated and used in the cavity 14. By doing so, the superconducting thin film 12 becomes the protective film 1.
3 is not only cooled by the cryogen, but also the pipe 11 on the short side is cooled by the cryogen, so that the superconducting thin film 12 is provided on the opposite side of the protective film 13 via the pipe 11 having good thermal conductivity. Is also cooled from. In addition, since the pipe 11 having good thermal conductivity is surrounded by the heat insulating material 15, the temperature of the pipe 11 and the superconducting thin film 12 is unlikely to rise due to the atmosphere. Other points (such as the material of the superconducting thin film) are basically the same as those of the hollow superconducting wire which is the premise.
本発明は上記実施例に限定されず、種種の変形が可能で
ある。The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
例えば、パイプの断面形状などは実施例のものに限られ
ず、また実施例のような中空状超伝導線を２本以上組み
合せて１本の中空状超伝導線として用いてもよい。For example, the cross-sectional shape of the pipe is not limited to that of the embodiment, and two or more hollow superconducting wires as in the embodiment may be combined and used as one hollow superconducting wire.
以上、詳細に説明した通り本発明によれば、超伝導を呈
する部分は臨界電流密度の高い超伝導薄膜で形成され、
しかもこれはパイプ中の寒剤によって効果的に冷却され
るので、大電流を通じることが可能になる。すなわち、
超伝導薄膜は、パイフの内面の一部が露出するように形
成されており、この超伝導薄膜には保護膜が形成されて
いるので、超伝導薄膜の形成されていない面を介してパ
イプが冷却される。このため、超伝導薄膜は保護膜側と
パイプ側の両面から効率的に冷却されると共に、寒剤が
超伝導薄膜に接して傷つけることもない。また、この超
伝導薄膜は保護膜で被覆されているので、経時的な安定
性を高くすることができる。また、パイプを電気的伝導
性を有する材料（特に低抵抗の材料）で形成されている
ため、超伝導薄膜の超伝導状態が破れたときにも、この
パイプを電流のバイパスとして機能させることができる
ので、線材としての信頼性を高くすることができる。更
に、超伝導薄膜を保護膜で被覆されているため、超伝導
薄膜を長期にわたって安定に保つことができるので、実
用性、汎用性を著しく高めることが可能になる。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the portion exhibiting superconductivity is formed of a superconducting thin film having a high critical current density,
Moreover, since it is effectively cooled by the cryogen in the pipe, it is possible to pass a large current. That is,
The superconducting thin film is formed so that a part of the inner surface of the paif is exposed, and since a protective film is formed on this superconducting thin film, the pipe is inserted through the surface on which the superconducting thin film is not formed. To be cooled. Therefore, the superconducting thin film is efficiently cooled from both the protective film side and the pipe side, and the cryogen does not come into contact with and damage the superconducting thin film. Further, since this superconducting thin film is covered with the protective film, stability with time can be increased. Further, since the pipe is made of a material having electrical conductivity (especially a material having a low resistance), even if the superconducting state of the superconducting thin film is broken, the pipe can function as a current bypass. Therefore, the reliability of the wire rod can be improved. Furthermore, since the superconducting thin film is covered with the protective film, the superconducting thin film can be kept stable for a long period of time, which makes it possible to remarkably improve practicality and versatility.
第１図は、本発明の中空状超伝導線の実施例の斜視図、
第２図は、従来の中空状超伝導線の斜視図、第３図は、
本発明を完成させる前提となった中空状超伝導線の斜視
図である。 １０……中空状超伝導線、１１……パイプ、１２……超
伝導薄膜、１３……保護膜、１４……空胴、１５……断
熱材。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a hollow superconducting wire of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional hollow superconducting wire, and FIG.
It is a perspective view of the hollow superconducting wire used as the premise of completing the present invention. 10 ... Hollow superconducting wire, 11 ... Pipe, 12 ... Superconducting thin film, 13 ... Protective film, 14 ... Cavity, 15 ... Heat insulating material.
Claims (1)
熱伝導性の良好な電気伝導性材料によって形成されたパ
イプと、 このパイプの外周面に形成された断熱材の層と、 このパイプの内面の一部が露出するように、前記パイプ
の内面に当該パイプの長手方向に連続して形成された超
伝導薄膜と、 前記超伝導薄膜の表面に形成された保護膜とを備えるこ
とを特徴とする中空状超伝導線。1. A pipe, which is hollow and made of an electrically conductive material having good thermal conductivity so that a cryogen can be circulated therein, and a layer of a heat insulating material formed on an outer peripheral surface of the pipe, A superconducting thin film continuously formed on the inner surface of the pipe in the longitudinal direction of the pipe so that a part of the inner surface of the pipe is exposed; and a protective film formed on the surface of the superconducting thin film. A hollow superconducting wire.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63126878A JPH0654609B2 (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Hollow superconducting wire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63126878A JPH0654609B2 (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Hollow superconducting wire |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01296510A JPH01296510A (en) | 1989-11-29 |
| JPH0654609B2 true JPH0654609B2 (en) | 1994-07-20 |
Family
ID=14946083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63126878A Expired - Fee Related JPH0654609B2 (en) | 1988-05-24 | 1988-05-24 | Hollow superconducting wire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0654609B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5077267A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1991-12-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for making composite high temperature superconductor copper wires |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63276811A (en) * | 1987-05-08 | 1988-11-15 | Hitachi Ltd | Superconductor |
| JPS647415A (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1989-01-11 | Toshiba Corp | Superconductive wire of oxide type and its manufacture |
| JPH01134811A (en) * | 1987-11-20 | 1989-05-26 | Fujikura Ltd | Extremely low temperature cable |
-
1988
- 1988-05-24 JP JP63126878A patent/JPH0654609B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01296510A (en) | 1989-11-29 |
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