JPH0650917A - Concrete filling detector - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To detect the filling state of ready-mixed concrete by using a concrete sensor when the ready-mixed concrete is injected between a surface to be reinforced and a mold. CONSTITUTION:A thin-film shaped concrete sensor 11, a thin-film shaped sensor- output acquiring line 12 and a fixing member are provided. The fixing member fixes the concrete sensor 11 and the sensor-output aquiring line 12 to a surface to be reinforced so that the concrete sensor 11 is located at the suitable interval on the surface to be reinforced. One concrete sensor 11 has a zinc electrode 11a, an aluminum electrode 11b and a tin or lead auxiliary electrode 11c. One lead wire 12a is guided out from the zinc electrode 11a. Another lead wire 12b is guided out from a junction point 11a between the aluminum electrode 11b and the auxiliary electrode 11c.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete filling detector, and more particularly to a concrete filling detector when pouring fresh concrete between a surface to be reinforced such as an excavation surface and a formwork that is temporarily installed facing it. The present invention relates to what detects the filling state of concrete.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, when a support for concrete is formed on the excavation surface after completion of tunnel excavation, a formwork is temporarily installed facing the excavation face, and ready-mixed concrete is provided between the excavation face and the formwork. This is done by pouring and hardening. Such support formation is also performed in the secondary lining. In other words, the secondary lining is "construction in which concrete is thinly supported on the excavated surface after the completion of tunnel excavation by forming a thin concrete layer on the excavated surface. In the formation, a waterproof sheet is attached to the concrete layer, a formwork is temporarily installed so as to face the waterproof sheet, and ready-mixed concrete is poured between the waterproof sheet and the formwork to solidify it.

[0003]

However, between the reinforced surface such as the excavated surface or the concrete layer and the formwork can be seen only slightly from the inspection port and cannot be fully visually inspected. The filling state of can not be confirmed reliably. Therefore, the injection work is completed by checking and intuition according to the injection amount, but this is not accurate, and a cavity is generated at the top of the arch of the support due to poor filling, and the quality of the support after completion is Remarkably, this causes problems such as deterioration of concrete and deterioration of durability.

The present invention has been made paying attention to such a point, and its purpose is to inject fresh concrete between the reinforced surface and the form as in the above-mentioned support formation. In this case, a concrete sensor is used to reliably detect the filling state of the fresh concrete between the reinforced surface and the form.

By the way, conventionally, concrete sensors capable of detecting mud containing cement components, such as fresh concrete and mortar, have been proposed (for example, Shokai 63-1).
(See No. 01823 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 64-1621).

However, the above-mentioned conventional concrete sensor normally has a pair of electrodes, and utilizes the principle that "if green concrete is filled between the electrodes, current flows between the two electrodes by using the moisture as a conductor." Therefore, if water oozes from the concrete layer on the excavation surface passes through the waterproof sheet and moisture adheres to the surface to be reinforced, it is falsely detected that there is fresh concrete due to this moisture. There is a problem of doing.

Therefore, another object of the present invention is to propose a concrete sensor which does not cause erroneous detection and to detect the filling state of fresh concrete with high accuracy by using the concrete sensor.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for injecting fresh concrete between a surface to be reinforced and a formwork which is temporarily installed facing the surface to be reinforced. The target is a concrete filling detector that detects the filling state of concrete. And, on the other hand, a thin-film concrete sensor for detecting the presence of green concrete, a thin-film sensor output lead-out line, and the concrete sensor and sensor output so that the concrete sensor is positioned at an appropriate interval on the reinforced surface. A fixing member for fixing the extraction line to the reinforced surface side is provided.

Further, in claim 2, as the fixing member, a structure is proposed in which the concrete sensor and the sensor output lead-out line are fixed by adhering to the waterproof sheet fixed to the reinforced surface.

Further, claim 3 proposes a concrete filling detector according to claim 1 or 2 in which a novel concrete sensor is incorporated. That is, in this concrete sensor, a zinc electrode is used for one electrode, an aluminum electrode is used for the other electrode, a tin or lead electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode of this aluminum electrode, and a lead wire is derived from the zinc electrode. At the same time, another lead wire is led out from the joining point of the aluminum electrode and the auxiliary electrode, and the polarities of the two lead wires are reversed by immersing these electrodes in water and fresh concrete. I am configuring.

[0011]

With the above construction, in the invention of claim 1, the filling detector is fixed to the reinforced surface side by the fixing member, and the fresh concrete is injected between the reinforced surface and the mold and the sensor output is taken out. When the presence of green concrete near each concrete sensor is detected based on the sensor output obtained from the line, it can be seen in real time that green concrete is being filled near each concrete sensor.
It is possible to prevent concrete deterioration and durability deterioration due to poor filling.

In this case, since the concrete sensor can be fixed to the surface to be reinforced by the fixing member at an appropriate interval, the workability of mounting is good.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the filling detector is fixed, the filling detector is adhered to the waterproof sheet and then the waterproof sheet is attached to the reinforced surface, or the waterproof sheet is attached to the reinforced surface. Then, attach the filling detector to the waterproof sheet. Therefore, it is convenient when a normal waterproof sheet is separately prepared.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3, since it is possible to distinguish between immersion in water and immersion in fresh concrete by judging the polarities generated in the two lead wires, erroneous detection of the concrete sensor is prevented, It is possible to detect the filling state of fresh concrete with high accuracy.

[0015]

Embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The fill detector of this embodiment is a secondary lining of the tunnel,
In other words, it is used for "construction in which concrete is thinly formed on the excavated surface after the tunnel excavation is completed by spraying, and then concrete supports are formed on it."

In FIG. 1, 1 is an excavation surface, 2 is a concrete layer (surface to be reinforced) thinly formed on the excavation surface 1 by spraying, and 3 is a formwork temporarily provided facing the excavation surface 1, A gap 4 is formed between the concrete layer 2 and the form 3, and fresh concrete is poured into the gap 4 to solidify it, thereby forming a support. The filling detector 10 is provided on the surface of the concrete layer 2.
Is fixed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the filling detector 10 described above is used.
Is a thin film concrete sensor 11 for detecting the presence of green concrete, and a thin film sensor output lead-out line 12
And a fixing member 13 for fixing the concrete sensor 11 and the sensor output lead-out wire 12 to the concrete layer 2 so that the concrete sensor 11 is positioned on the concrete layer 2 at an appropriate interval. In this embodiment, the fixing member 13 is made of a waterproof sheet and fixed to the concrete layer 2 with concrete nails.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fixing member 1
3 has a strip shape whose length substantially matches the entire circumference of the arch of the tunnel and has a predetermined width. One surface serves as a mounting surface for the concrete layer 2 and the other surface faces the gap 4. To be a face. A large number of the concrete sensors 11 are arranged along the widthwise center of the fixing member 13 at appropriate intervals, and the electrodes 11a, 11b, 11c (described later) are laminated on the fixing member 13 so as to be exposed on the detection surface side. There is. In addition, the lead wire 12a of each concrete sensor 11,
12b (described later) are connected to sensor output lead-out wires 12, and each sensor output lead-out wire 12 is fixed to the fixing member 1
3 extends to one end in the longitudinal direction along the center in the width direction and is connected to a multi-pole connector 14 having a water resistant structure provided at this one end. These sensor output lead wires 12 are laminated on the fixing member 13. Connection lines 15 are connected to the multipolar connector 14 according to the number of concrete sensors 11, and the connection lines 15 are connected to the detection display device 20.

Next, the structure of the concrete sensor 11 is shown in FIG.
Will be described. In the figure, 11a is a zinc-made first
An electrode, 11b is a second electrode made of aluminum, 11c is an auxiliary electrode made of tin electrically connected to the second electrode 11b, and one lead wire 12a of the sensor output lead wire 12 is provided on the first electrode 11a. The other lead wire 12b is connected to the junction 11d between the second electrode 11b and the auxiliary electrode 11c.
Are connected. In this case, the auxiliary electrode 11c need not be made of tin, but may be made of lead.

The function of the concrete sensor 11 will be described. First, the electrodes 11a, 11b and 11c are connected to, for example, PH7.
When immersed in neutral water, the lead wire 12a is
A voltage is generated with the lead wire 12b being positive. Further, when the electrodes 11a, 11b, 11c are immersed in, for example, ready-mixed concrete of PH13, the polarity is reversed and the lead wire 12a
And the lead wire 12b is negative, and a voltage is generated. In this way, the polarity is reversed because the pH of the immersion solution is
It is considered that it depends on the value and the ionization tendency of the three kinds of metals forming the electrode. The electrodes 11a, 11b,
When 11c is immersed in dilute hydrochloric acid of PH3, for example, the lead wire 12a is minus and the lead wire 12b is the same as in the case of neutral water.
The voltage is generated with the positive voltage.

Therefore, when the detection display device 20 detects that the polarities of the output voltages of the concrete sensors 11 are reversed, it can be determined that the concrete sensors 11 are immersed in ready-mixed concrete. In this way, it is possible to distinguish between immersion in water and immersion in ready-mixed concrete by reversing the polarity, so that erroneous detection due to water such as that found in a concrete sensor of the type "presuming the presence of concrete by water between electrodes" type is used. It can be prevented.

Further, this concrete sensor 11 exhibits resilience by recovering the electromotive force even when the contact with the fresh concrete is cut off after being immersed in the fresh concrete. This is because when a certain amount of alkaline solution (fresh concrete) is pulled up from the ready-mixed concrete, the electrodes 11a, 1
This is because, although they are attached to 1b and 11c, if the chemical reaction by the alkaline solution becomes saturated with the passage of time, it will return to a state similar to that after immersion in neutral water. Therefore, even if the fresh concrete is moved in the gap 4 and the concrete sensor 11 is once immersed in the fresh concrete and the fresh concrete disappears from the surroundings of the concrete sensor 11, a cavity is generated. Can be detected.

The electrodes do not have to be made of a pure metal material, and the surface may be zinc, aluminum or tin. Therefore, a zinc iron plate (tin) may be used as the first electrode 11a and a tin steel plate (tin plate) may be used as the auxiliary electrode 11c.

The structure of the detection display device 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 21 denotes a voltage detection circuit connected to each sensor output lead-out line 12, and whether or not there is a voltage between the first electrode 11a of each concrete sensor 11 and the joint point 11d, polarity, and voltage magnitude. To detect. Reference numeral 22 is a display drive circuit connected to the voltage detection circuit 21, 23 is a display lamp connected to the display drive circuit 22, and the display lamp 23 is based on the output of the voltage detection circuit 21.
Lights up. Reference numeral 24 is an electrode number adjusting circuit, and in order to match the number of concrete sensors 11 mounted on one filling detector 10 with the number of indicator lights 23, the number of indicator lights 23 exceeding the number of sensors is made inoperative. It is operated by operating the electrode number adjustment switch 30. Reference numeral 25 is a communication circuit connected to each display drive circuit 22, and transmits the state of the display drive circuit 22 to the outside. Reference numeral 26 is a test circuit for testing the quality of the electrodes 11a, 11b, 11c of the concrete sensor 11. 27 is a power circuit, 28 is a power switch, and 29 is a test switch. Further, FIG. 5 shows a display panel 31, on which the indicator lamp 23
Are arranged in a horseshoe shape for each filling detector 10. Reference numeral 32 is a power indicator, 33 is a multi-pole connector for connecting the connection line 15, and 34 is an output connector of the communication circuit 25.

Next, using the filling detector 10, the gap 4
A procedure for detecting the filling state of ready-mixed concrete into the concrete will be described. First, before the mold 3 is temporarily installed, the filling detector 10 is fixed to the concrete layer 2 of the excavation surface 1 as shown in FIG. In this case, the rows of concrete sensors 11 are attached so as to be in the direction of the arch of the tunnel, and the filling detectors 10 are sequentially added and fixed in the direction in which the tunnel extends. In that case, as shown in FIG. 7, a normal waterproof sheet 5 may be attached to the concrete layer 2 of the excavated surface 1, and the filling detector 10 may be bonded onto the waterproof sheet 5. Then, the connecting wire 15 is connected to the multipolar connector 14 of each filling detector 10.
And the connection line 15 is connected to the multipolar connector 33 of the detection display device 20.

When the detection display device 20 is turned on and the test switch 29 is turned on, the test circuit 26 causes the electrodes 11a, 11b,
11c is tested, and if there is no abnormality, the electrode 11
The indicator lights 23 of a, 11b, and 11c are turned on all at once. If there is an indicator light 23 that does not light up, the corresponding concrete sensor 11, sensor output lead-out wire 12, multi-pole connector 1
4, any one of the connection line 15 and the detection display device 20 is defective, so repair measures are taken. Then, if there is no abnormality, the formwork 3 is temporarily installed, and fresh concrete is injected into the gap 4 with a concrete injection nozzle or the like.

As the fresh concrete is filled in the gap 4, the concrete sensor 11 is successively dipped in the fresh concrete, the immersed concrete sensor 11 generates an output voltage, and the corresponding indicator lamp 23 is turned on. From this, it can be seen in real time that fresh concrete is being filled near each concrete sensor 11. When a defect is found in the filling state, corrective measures such as changing the position or direction of the concrete injection nozzle or appropriately adjusting the injection flow rate can prevent deterioration of concrete quality due to defective filling.

Further, as described above, since the concrete sensor 11 has the restoring property, the concrete sensor 11 is temporarily moved when the fresh concrete moves in the gap 4.
After soaking in fresh concrete, concrete sensor 1
When the fresh concrete disappears from the periphery of 1 and a cavity is generated, the indicator light corresponding to the concrete sensor 11 is once turned on and then turned off. Since it can be seen that the fresh concrete has moved from the vicinity of the concrete sensor 11, effective correction measures can be taken.
It is possible to prevent the quality of concrete from being deteriorated due to poor filling.

Further, since the concrete sensor 11 is laminated on the fixing member 13 at appropriate intervals, the concrete sensor 11 can be fixed to the concrete layer 2 at appropriate intervals by fixing the filling detector 10 to the concrete layer 2. The installation workability is good.

Further, since the fixing member 13 is made of a waterproof sheet and has a waterproof property, the water content of the fresh concrete is not absorbed by the concrete layer 2 and the water content of the fresh concrete is prevented from lowering to keep the quality of the concrete good. it can.

In the above embodiment, the filling state of the ready-mixed concrete is displayed depending on whether or not the indicator lamp 23 is turned on. However, the output signal of the display drive circuit 22 obtained from the output connector 34 is input as data to an external computer. However, this data may be appropriately processed to display the filling state of green concrete on the display in a three-dimensional graphic manner. Further, the position and direction of the concrete injection nozzle, the injection flow rate, etc. can be adjusted by actuators, and if these actuators are controlled so as to optimize the filling state based on the above data, the concrete injection work can be unmanned. .

Next, a modified example will be described with reference to FIGS. In the filling detector 10 of the above embodiment, the fixing member 13
A concrete sensor 11 and a sensor output lead-out wire 12 were laminated on. On the other hand, in the filling detector 100 of the modified example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a thin strip-shaped electric insulator 130 is used as the fixing member, and the concrete sensor 110 and the sensor output lead wire 120 are used for the fixing member 130. Are laminated. The filling detector 100 is set to have a length of about half the entire circumference of the tunnel arch.

The structure of the concrete sensor 110 will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 110a is a first electrode made of zinc, 110b is a second electrode made of aluminum, 1
Reference numeral 10c denotes a tin auxiliary electrode electrically connected to the second electrode 110b.
The area is set to be almost equal to 0c, and the first
One lead wire 120a of the sensor output lead wire 120 is connected to the electrode 110a, and the other lead wire 120b is connected to the auxiliary electrode 110c. In this case, the auxiliary electrode 110c need not be made of tin and may be made of lead. The function of this concrete sensor 110 is the same as that of the concrete sensor 11 of the above-mentioned embodiment, and by reversing the polarity of the output voltage, the concrete sensor 1
It can be determined that 10 was immersed in ready-mixed concrete. Also,
This concrete sensor 110 also exhibits a restoring property similar to the concrete sensor 11, and the restoration time can be adjusted by changing the area ratio between the second electrode 110b and the auxiliary electrode 110c.

In using the filling detector 100, first, a normal waterproof sheet 5 is fixed to the concrete layer 2, and the filling detector 100 is bonded to the waterproof sheet 5 with an adhesive 17. In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, a pair is adhered to the left and right along the arch, and this is performed at predetermined intervals in the direction in which the tunnel extends. Then, in the center of the upper part of the concrete layer 2, in the direction of extension of the tunnel, the connecting line 1
50 is adhered, and each filling detector 100 is connected to this connection line 150.
The multipolar connector 140 is connected, and the terminal of the connection line 150 is connected to the detection display device 200. The function of the detection display device 200 is the same as that described above, and therefore the procedure for detecting the concrete filling state by the filling detector 100 is also the same as the above-described detection procedure.

Here, the waterproof sheet 5 is used as the concrete layer 2
Although the filling detector 100 is adhered to the waterproof sheet 5 after being fixed to, the filling sheet 100 may be first adhered to the waterproof sheet 5 and then the waterproof sheet 5 may be fixed to the concrete layer 2. Therefore, the filling detector 100 of this modification is convenient when the normal waterproof sheet 5 is separately prepared.

Although the concrete sensors 11 and 110 have different configurations in the above-described embodiments and modifications, these are merely examples, and other configurations are possible. For example, an aluminum electrode is used for one electrode and a copper electrode is used for the other electrode. Lead wires are derived from each electrode, and the above two lead wires are obtained by dipping these electrodes in water and fresh concrete. There is a device configured to detect a difference in generated voltage. In this device, it can be determined that the concrete sensor 110 is immersed in ready-mixed concrete because the output voltage fluctuates.

Further, although the concrete filling detector was used for the secondary lining of the tunnel in the above-mentioned embodiments and modifications, when pouring ready-mixed concrete between the excavated surface and the formwork, Furthermore, it is not limited to tunnel construction and can be widely used to detect the filling state of fresh concrete when pouring fresh concrete between a general reinforced surface and a formwork that is temporarily installed facing it. You can

[0038]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the invention, a thin film concrete sensor for detecting the presence of ready-mixed concrete, a thin film sensor output lead line, and the concrete sensor are appropriately provided on the surface to be reinforced. Since it is equipped with a concrete sensor and a fixing member that fixes the sensor output lead wire to the reinforced surface side so that they are located at regular intervals, it is possible to see in real time that fresh concrete is being filled in the vicinity of each concrete sensor. It is possible to prevent concrete deterioration and durability deterioration due to. In that case, since the concrete sensor can be fixed to the reinforced surface by the fixing member at an appropriate interval, the workability of mounting the filling detector is good.

Further, in the second aspect of the invention, as the fixing member, the concrete sensor and the sensor output lead-out line are fixed by adhering to the waterproof sheet fixed to the reinforced surface. It is suitable when a waterproof sheet is prepared.

Further, in the invention of claim 3, as a concrete sensor, a zinc electrode is used for one electrode, an aluminum electrode is used for the other electrode, and a tin or lead electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode of the aluminum electrode. While deriving a lead wire from the zinc electrode, derive another lead wire from the junction between the aluminum electrode and the auxiliary electrode,
We have proposed a structure in which the polarities of the above two lead wires are reversed by immersing these electrodes in water and immersing fresh concrete. It is possible to detect with higher accuracy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a tunnel at the time of secondary lining.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the filling detector according to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a state where the filling detector of the embodiment is fixed to a concrete layer.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the concrete sensor of the filling detector according to the embodiment by cutting out the vicinity thereof.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a detection display according to an embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a display panel of the detection display of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a tunnel in a state where a filling detector of another embodiment is bonded.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a filling detector and a connecting wire of a modified example.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the vicinity of a concrete sensor of a filling detector according to a modified example.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view in a state where a filling detector of a modified example is adhered.

[Explanation of Codes] 1 Excavation surface 2 Concrete layer (surface to be reinforced) 3 Formwork 10 Filling detector 11 Concrete sensor 12 Sensor output extraction line 13 Fixing member 11a Zinc electrode 11b Aluminum electrode 11c Auxiliary electrode 11d Joining point 100 Filling detector 16 Fixing member 110 Concrete sensor 110a Zinc electrode 110b Aluminum electrode 110c Auxiliary electrode 120 Sensor output lead wire

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tetsuo Harada 22-1, A-4-707 Yamada Nishi, Suita City (72) Inventor Masatoshi Kubo 2-3-3, Kozukayama, Tarumi-ku, Kobe City (72) Inventor Seiichiro Ishihara 9-10 Tonomachi, Takatsuki-shi Shuttle Garden A-103 (72) Inventor Yukihisa Inagawa 313, 7 Hayashi-cho, Ogaki-shi, Gifu Prefecture (72) Inventor Hisayoshi Haga 114-2, Kamiaki, Ono-cho, Ibi-gun, Gifu Prefecture ( 72) Inventor Hiromasa Takeuchi 1188-100 Ikuse, Shiose Town, Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A concrete filling detector for detecting a filling state of fresh concrete when pouring fresh concrete between a surface to be reinforced and a formwork that is temporarily provided opposite to the surface to be reinforced. The thin-film concrete sensor for detecting the presence of, the thin-film sensor output lead-out line, the concrete sensor and the sensor output lead-out line on the reinforced surface side so that the concrete sensor is located at an appropriate interval on the reinforced surface A concrete filling detector comprising: a fixing member for fixing. 2. The concrete filling detector according to claim 1, wherein the fixing member fixes the concrete sensor and the sensor output lead-out line by adhering to the waterproof sheet fixed to the reinforced surface. 3. The concrete sensor uses a zinc electrode for one electrode and an aluminum electrode for the other electrode,
A tin or lead electrode is used as an auxiliary electrode of this aluminum electrode, and a lead wire is derived from the zinc electrode, and another lead wire is derived from the junction between the aluminum electrode and the auxiliary electrode, and water of these electrodes is discharged. The concrete filling detector according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarities generated in the two lead wires are reversed by the immersion in the concrete and the immersion in the green concrete.