JPH065065B2 - Emergency stop device for water turbine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an emergency stop device for a water turbine such as a Kaplan water turbine, and is provided with a dual emergency stop function in consideration of safety. It relates to an emergency stop device for a water turbine.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, for example, an emergency stop device of a Kaplan turbine is generally operated by closing a solenoid valve for starting and stopping a speed governor.
The pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder is removed to close the start / stop valve, whereby the main pressure distribution valve of the speed governor is mechanically closed to close the guide vane. At the same time, in order to keep the rotation increase of the water turbine and the generator low, the solenoid valve for runner vane control of the runner vane control device is closed, pressure oil is sent into the runner vane control valve cylinder, and the runner vane control device is switched to the off-cam state, This was designed to fully open the runner vanes and quickly stop the turbine.

When the emergency stop function is to be duplicated, the solenoid valve of the speed governor, the start / stop valve, the hydraulic pipe connecting these, the solenoid valve of the runner vane control device, the runner vane control valve, the hydraulic pipe connecting these, etc. A structure having two complete sets of mechanisms has been generally adopted.

(Problems to be solved by the invention) However, when the dual emergency stop function is provided as described above, not only the governor and the runner vane control device occupy a considerably large installation space but also the device. There was a problem that it itself became quite complicated, leading to an increase in cost.

In view of the above, it is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency stop device for a water turbine that does not occupy such a large installation space, is structurally relatively simple, and has an economical double stop function. .

[Structure of Invention]

(Means for Solving the Problem) In order to achieve the above object, an emergency stop device for a water turbine according to the present invention eliminates pressure oil in a start / stop valve cylinder of a speed governor, and also in a runner vane control valve cylinder. In an emergency stop device for a water turbine in which a hydraulic turbine is stopped by supplying pressure oil, the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are activated by the pressure oil that has passed through the first and second solenoid valves. While connecting so that the stop valve cylinder is filled with oil,
By switching at least one of the first or second solenoid valve, the pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder is removed, and further, a third solenoid valve and a pressure distributor are provided,
A solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve connected by switching at least one of the first and third solenoid valves so that pressure oil is supplied to the inside of the runner vane control valve cylinder via a pressure distributor. Is.

(Operation) According to the present invention configured as described above, when an attempt is made to switch the second and third solenoid valves by an emergency stop operation, both of the second and third solenoid valves are caused by some cause. Even when either one of them falls into a non-operating state, the first solenoid valve is switched to eliminate the pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder of the governor and to reduce the pressure in the runner vane control valve cylinder. Refuel,
The turbine can be stopped quickly.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The first, second and third solenoid valves 1, 2 and 3 are all 4-port switching valves having the same structure.

In the first solenoid valve 1, if _one solenoid coil a ₁ is excited, the port P ₁ and the port A _{1 are} communicated with each other, and the port B ₁ and the port T ₁ are communicated with each other, and the other solenoid coil b ₁ is excited. The internal spool S ₁ moves to the left side in the figure, and the port P ₁ and the port B ₁ and the port A ₁ and the port T ₁ communicate with each other. The port P ₁ is connected to an oil supply pipe for sending pressure oil, and the port T ₁ is connected to an oil discharge pipe. The port A ₁ is connected to the port P ₂ of the second solenoid valve 2, and the port B ₁ is connected to Each of them is connected to the port Y of the pressure device 15.

When the second solenoid valve 2 excites one solenoid coil a ₂ , the ports P ₂ and A ₂ communicate with each other, and the ports B ₂ and T ₂ communicate with each other, and the other solenoid coil b ₂ excites, The internal spool S ₂ moves to the left side in the figure, and the port P ₂ and the boat B ₂ communicate with each other, and the port A ₂ and the port T ₂ communicate with each other. The port P ₂ is connected to the port A ₁ of the first solenoid valve, the port T ₂ is connected to the oil drain pipe, the port A ₂ is connected to the start / stop valve cylinder 4, and the port B ₂ is plugged. ing.

When pressure oil is introduced into the start / stop valve cylinder 4, the start / stop valve plunger 5 is pushed up against the elastic force of the spring 6, and when the pressure oil is removed, the elastic force of the spring 6 is released. The start-stop valve plunger 5 is pushed down by the operation of the pilot valve 10 of the baganus speeder 8 and the main pressure distributing valve 9 by the lever 7.
The movement of the connecting rod 11 that connects with is regulated.

The governor speeder 8 operates according to the rotational speed of the water turbine. When the rotational speed of the water turbine increases, the governor speeder 8 operates downward, and when the rotational speed decreases, it operates upward to operate the pilot valve 10, thereby operating the hydraulic pressure. To operate the main pressure distribution valve 9 to switch the hydraulic pressure to control the water inlet operation servomotor 1
2 is operated to adjust the guide vanes 14 of the plurality of water ports connected to the guide ring 13 to keep the rotation speed of the water turbine constant.

On the other hand, the third solenoid valve 3 energizes one solenoid coil a ₃ so that the port P ₃ , the port A ₃ , and the port B ₃
And the port T ₃ communicate with each other, and the other solenoid coil b
₃ is excited, the internal spool S ₃ moves to the left side in the figure to move the port P ₃ and the boat B ₃ , and the port A ₃ and the port T.
_{3 and 3} respectively. The port P ₃ is connected to an oil supply pipe for sending pressure oil, the port T ₃ is connected to an oil discharge pipe, the port B ₃ is connected to the port X of the pressure distributor 15 and the port A ₃ is plugged. ing.

When pressure oil is applied to the port X, the pressure distributor 15 pushes down the built-in plunger 16 against the elastic force of the spring 17, and allows the port X and the port Z, which have been interrupted by the plunger 16, to pass through. , If the opening of the port Y and the port Z, which has been communicated so far, is cut off by the plunger 16, and conversely, if pressure oil is applied to the port Y, the plunger 16 operates in the opposite manner to the above, and the port Y and the port Z It is configured such that the openings of the port X and the port Z are cut off at the same time that the opening of the port X is made to pass through.

The port Y of the pressure distributor 15 is the port B ₁ of the first solenoid valve ₁ and the port X is the port A of the second solenoid valve 2 as described above.
₃ and the port Z is connected to the runner vane control valve cylinder 18.

When the pressure oil is introduced into the control valve cylinder 18, the runner vane control valve plunger 19 moves the spring 2
This control cylinder 1 is pushed up against the elastic force of 0.
When the pressure oil in 8 is removed, the runner vane control valve plunger 19 is pushed down by the elastic force of the spring 20, which causes the link 2 of the floating lever 21 to move.
2 as the fulcrum, the pilot valve 24 of the runner vane pressure distribution valve 23 connected to the other is used as the runner vane control cam 2
It is configured to push down or push up to outside the range of the control amount by 5.

The runner vane control cam 25 rotates in proportion to the opening of the guide vane 14, and the control amount is the cam rod 26,
It is transmitted to the floating lever 21 via the control lever 27 and the link 22, and the pilot valve 24 is operated to switch the hydraulic pressure.
3 to operate the runner vane servomotor 28 to operate the runner vane servomotor 28,
This is for adjusting the opening degree of the plurality of runner vanes 29 so that the opening degree of the runner vane 29 has the optimum relationship with respect to the opening degree of.

The second and third solenoid valves 2 and 3 are used for starting and stopping a normal water turbine, and these solenoid valves 2 and 3 are used also for an emergency stop when an abnormality occurs in the water turbine or the generator. For stopping operation.

On the other hand, the first solenoid valve 1 is driven by an emergency power source such as a battery, which is different from the second and third solenoid valves 2 and 3, and these solenoid valves 2 and 3 due to loss of control power source or the like.
This is to prepare for the case where the stop operation by 3 is impossible.

Next, the operation of the emergency stop device configured as described above will be described.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the water turbine is operating normally, and FIG. 2 shows a state in which the emergency stop device is in operation.

When the water turbine is in the operating state, the first, second and third solenoid valves 1, 2 and 3 are in a state where one of the solenoid coils a ₁ , a ₂ and a ₃ is excited, and the speed governor is The start-stop valve plunger 5 is hydraulically pushed up, and the pilot valve 10 is in a state where it can move freely. On the other hand, the runner vane control valve plunger 19 is
The pilot valve 24 is in a state of being freely moved by being pushed down by.

In the stable operation state, the governor speeder 8 and the pilot valve 10 and the main pressure distribution valve 9 connected to the governor speeder 8 are in a neutral state, and therefore the water outlet operation servomotor 12 and the guide vane 14 are in a stable state at a certain opening degree. On the other hand, the pilot valve 24 connected to the runner vane control cam 25 and the runner vane pressure distribution valve 23 are also in a neutral state, and the runner vane 29 is also stable in an optimal opening degree with respect to the opening degree of the guide vane 14. Be driven.

If an abnormality occurs in the water turbine or the generator and an emergency stop signal is issued, the solenoid coils b ₂ and b _{3 of} the second and third solenoid valves 2 and ₃ are excited and the spool S
₂ and S _{3 respectively} move to the left in the drawing by electromagnetic force.
Then, the port P ₂ and the port A ₂ of the second solenoid valve 2 are shut off, and the pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder 4 is discharged from the port A ₂ to the port T2. As a result, the start / stop valve plunger 5 is pushed down by the elastic force of the spring 6, and the pilot valve 10 is also pushed down by the lever 7 to switch the hydraulic pressure to the closed state, so that the pressure distribution valve 9 moves downward and the water outlet operation servo is performed. Since the pressure oil is sent to the closed cylinder of the motor 12 and the open cylinder is guided to the oil discharge, the water port operation servomotor 12 moves in the closing direction and the guide vane 14 is fully closed to stop the water turbine.

On the other hand, since the third solenoid valve 3 can be switched in the same manner as above,
Since the pressure oil from the port P ₃ is led to the port B ₃ and is further guided to the port X of the pressure distributor 15, the plunger 16 is pushed down, the pressure oil exits from the port Z and enters the runner vane control cylinder 18, and the plunger 19 is discharged. By pushing up and pushing the other end of the floating lever 21 to switch the pilot valve 24 to the open position, the runner vane 29 is fully opened regardless of the opening determined by the opening of the guide vane 14, and the runner by the runner vane is opened. By the braking force generated by the stirring resistance of the water in the chamber, the rotation can be rapidly reduced to the stop.

Next, as the purpose of the double stop function, even if a stop command of the water turbine is issued, the braking power is lost or the spools S ₂ and S _{3 of} the second and third solenoid valves 2 and ₃ are fixed. It will be described with reference to FIG. 2 that the water turbine can be safely stopped by the first solenoid valve 1 even if the water turbine cannot be stopped in the event of a failure.

Now, even if a stop command for the water turbine is issued, the second and third solenoid valves 2 and 3 do not stop, and the operating state is maintained, that is, the pressure oil from the port P ₁ of the first solenoid valve 1 It is supplied to the port P ₂ of the first solenoid valve 2 through the port A _1, and is introduced into the start-stop cylinder 4 through the port A ₂ so that the plunger 5 remains pushed up.
On the other hand, the pressure oil in the port P ₃ of the third solenoid valve 3 remains blocked by the plugged port A ₃ , and the pressure oil in the runner vane control valve cylinder 18 is the same as the port Z of the pressure distributor 15. Since the port X communicates with the port B3 and the port B3 of the third solenoid valve 3 communicates with each other, this port T3
And the plunger 19 is pushed down by the elastic force of the spring 20, and the runner vane control cam 2
The cam load 26, the control lever 27, the flowchart lever 21, the pilot valve 24, and the like connected to No. 5 remain in the on-cam state.

However, if emergency power by the solenoid coil b ₁ of the first solenoid valve 1 driven is energized, with a the port P ₁ and the port B ₁ is established, the port A1 port T
1, the pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder 4 is
The second is discharged from the port A ₂ of the solenoid valve 2 to the outside through the port T _2, first and second ports from the port A ₁ of the pressurized oil is also the first solenoid valve 1 in the pipes connecting the solenoid valve 1, 2 As it is discharged to the outside through T ₁ , the plunger 5 is
Then, the pilot valve 10 is pushed down by the lever 7, and the pilot valve 10 is pushed down by the lever 7 to close the main pressure distribution valve 9. Finally, the water outlet servomotor 12 is closed and the guide vane 14 is fully closed to stop the water turbine.

Meanwhile, the pressure oil through from the first port P ₁ of the solenoid valve 1 to port B ₁ represents enters the port Y of the distribution divider 15, whereby by pushing the plunger 17, the port Z through this port Y and the port Z As it exits and enters the runner vane control valve cylinder 18, the plunger 19
The runner vane 29 can be fully opened in the same manner as the above-described stop operation by the third solenoid valve 3 by pushing up to generate a braking force to quickly stop the water turbine.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

According to the configuration of the above embodiment, when the stop command of the water turbine is issued, the control power supply of the second and third solenoid valves 2 and 3 is lost or the spool S ₂ of these solenoid valves 2 and 3 is
Even fallen when the S ₃ can not stop the water wheel is inoperative by fixing, it is possible to safely stop the waterwheel by first solenoid valve 1.

〔The invention's effect〕

Since the present invention is configured as described above, by using three solenoid valves and adding only one pressure distributor, the oil supply circuit and the oil discharge circuit can be made appropriate, thereby providing a dual stop device. Not only can the safety be maintained, and therefore an inexpensive and highly reliable emergency stop device for a water turbine can be obtained, but it also has the effect of not occupying such a large installation space.

[Brief description of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a system cross-sectional view showing a normal operating state of a water turbine, and FIG. 2 is a system cross-sectional view showing an emergency stop state. 1, 2, 3 ... Solenoid valve, 4 ... Start / stop valve cylinder, 5 ... Plunger, 6 ... Spring, 7 ... Lever, 8 ... Governor speeder, 9 ... Main pressure distribution valve, 10 ... Pilot valve,
12 ... Servo motor for water inlet operation, 14 ... Guide vane, 1
5 ... pressure distributor, 16 ... same plunger, 17 ... same spring, 18 ... runner vane control valve cylinder, 19 ... same plunger, 20 ... same spring, 21 ... floating lever, 23 ... runner vane pressure distribution valve, 24 ... pilot valve, 25 ... Runner vane control cam 26, cam rod 28, runner vane servomotor 29, runner vane.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An emergency stop device for a water turbine, which eliminates pressure oil in a start / stop valve cylinder of a speed governor and supplies the pressure oil in a runner vane control valve cylinder to stop the water turbine in an emergency. The first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve are connected so that the pressure oil that has passed through the first and second solenoid valves is fed into the start / stop valve cylinder, and at least the first or second solenoid valve is connected. By switching one of them, the pressure oil in the start / stop valve cylinder is removed, and further, a third solenoid valve and a pressure distributor are provided, and the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve are connected to each other. An emergency stop device for a water turbine, wherein at least one of the first solenoid valve and the third solenoid valve is connected so that pressure oil is supplied to the inside of the runner vane control valve cylinder via a pressure distributor.