JPH0650357A - Electromagentic clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To drastically improve the transmission torque between the annular magnetic member part of an armature and the annular magnetic member part of a rotor. CONSTITUTION:The material which is obtained by adding a prescribed quantity of the high hard additives to the metallic magnetic material is used for the annular nonmagnetic member parts 14 and 15 for joining the annular magnetic member part 11 and the cylindrical magnetic member parts 12 and 13 of a rotor 4 and the annular nonmagnetic member part 20 for joining the annular magnetic member parts 18 and 19 of an armature 5. Accordingly, the frictional coefficient between the frictional engagement surfaces of the annular magnetic member part 11, cylindrical magnetic member parts 12 and 13, and the annular nonmagnetic member parts 14 and 15 of the rotor 4 and the frictional engagement surfaces of the annular magnetic member parts 18 and 19 and the annular nonmagnetic member part 20 of the armature 5 is increased, and the turning power of an internal combustion engine can be transmitted to the armature 5 through the rotor 4 efficiently.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electromagnetic clutch for controlling transmission of rotational power to a refrigerant compressor of an air conditioner for a vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 61-8295, a rotor which is rotationally driven by an internal combustion engine, an armature made of a magnetic material portion opposed to a friction engagement surface of the rotor, and an electric current are supplied. There has been proposed an electromagnetic clutch (hereinafter referred to as a conventional technique) including an electromagnetic coil that generates a magnetic flux between the rotor and the armature to attract the friction engaging surface of the armature to the friction engaging surface of the rotor. On the frictional engagement surface of the rotor, a magnetic material portion on the outer peripheral side and a magnetic material portion on the inner peripheral side, which are divided with a gap for bypassing the magnetic flux interposed, are used as a non-magnetic material such as copper or stainless steel. It was connected by part. This prevents magnetic leakage due to the bridge, thereby improving the transmission torque between the rotor and the armature.

[0003]

However, in the prior art, the friction coefficient (μ) between the non-magnetic material portion of the rotor and the magnetic material portion of the armature is about 0.15 to 0.25. , The effect of improving the transmission torque between the rotor and the armature could not be fully exerted. An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic clutch capable of dramatically improving the transmission torque of two annular friction plates.

[0004]

The present invention comprises two annular friction plates opposed to each other with a predetermined gap, and an electromagnetic coil for frictionally engaging the two annular friction plates by a magnetomotive force. At least one of the two annular friction plates has at least one annular magnetic material portion arranged in the radial direction with annular gaps, and two adjacent annular magnetic members arranged in the annular gap. The technical means is adopted which has an annular non-magnetic material portion formed by connecting the material portions and adding an additive for increasing the friction coefficient with the other annular friction plate to the friction engagement portion with the other annular friction plate. .

[0005]

According to the present invention, a plurality of annular magnetic material portions are formed in the radial direction of at least one of the two annular friction plates so as to separate the annular gap, and the annular magnetic members are provided adjacent to each other in the annular gap. An annular non-magnetic material portion connecting the two annular magnetic material portions is arranged. Then, an additive for increasing the friction coefficient with the other annular friction plate is added to the friction engagement portion of the annular non-magnetic material portion with the other annular friction plate. by this,
By increasing the friction coefficient between the annular non-magnetic material portion of one annular friction plate and the other annular friction plate, one annular friction plate and the other annular friction plate are frictionally engaged by the magnetomotive force of the electromagnetic coil. When the rotational power is transmitted between the two annular friction plates, the transmission torque between the two annular friction plates is improved.

[0006]

EXAMPLES Next, an electromagnetic clutch of the present invention will be described based on the examples shown in the drawings. [First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a view showing an electromagnetic clutch 1. The electromagnetic clutch 1 connects and disconnects rotational power transmission between an internal combustion engine (not shown) for running the vehicle and a shaft (not shown) of a refrigerant compressor of the vehicle air conditioner. The electromagnetic clutch 1 of this embodiment includes an electromagnetic coil 2, a stator housing 3, a rotor 4, an armature 5, an outer hub 6, an inner hub 7 and a rubber hub 8.

The electromagnetic coil 2 is wound around the resin bobbin 9 mounted in the stator housing 3 in a cylindrical shape. The electromagnetic coil 2 is connected to a battery (not shown) mounted on the vehicle and, when energized, causes the armature 5 to be attracted to the rotor 4 by a magnetomotive force. The stator housing 3 is made of a magnetic material such as low carbon steel (S10C) and is fixed to a housing (not shown) of the refrigerant compressor via a ring-shaped mounting flange 10.

FIG. 2 is a view showing the rotor 4. The rotor 4 is the other annular friction plate of the present invention, and is composed of an annular magnetic material portion 11, tubular magnetic material portions 12 and 13, and annular nonmagnetic material portions 14 and 15. The annular magnetic material portion 11 and the tubular magnetic material portions 12 and 13 are arranged in the radial direction of the rotor 4 in parallel with the two annular non-magnetic material portions 14 and 15 for bypassing the magnetic flux. The annular magnetic material portion 11 is made of a magnetic material such as low carbon steel (S10C), and the left side surface thereof forms an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the armature 5.

The tubular magnetic material portion 12 is made of, for example, low carbon steel (S
10C) and the like, and the left end surface thereof forms an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the armature 5.
Further, the cylindrical magnetic material portion 12 is rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the housing of the refrigerant compressor via a bearing 16. Further, the electromagnetic coil 2 and the stator housing 3 are loosely fitted to the outer periphery of the cylindrical magnetic material portion 12 with a minute gap therebetween.

The tubular magnetic material portion 13 is made of, for example, low carbon steel (S
10C) and the like, and the left end surface thereof forms an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the armature 5.
The electromagnetic coil 2 and the stator housing 3 are loosely fitted to the inner circumference of the tubular magnetic material portion 13. Further, a V-pulley 17 for transmitting the rotational power of the internal combustion engine to the rotor 4 via a belt (not shown) is joined to the outer periphery of the cylindrical magnetic material portion 13 by means such as welding.

The annular non-magnetic material portions 14 and 15 prevent magnetic flux from leaking. For example, a copper-based alloy such as bronze, a metal-based non-magnetic material such as stainless steel, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, It is made of a material to which a predetermined amount of a high-hardness additive such as potassium titanate or various glass fibers is added, and is formed in the annular gap between the magnetic material portions 12 and 11 and between the magnetic material portions 11 and 13, respectively. It is fitted in the annular space. Further, the left end faces of the annular non-magnetic material portions 14 and 15 have annular magnetic material portions 11 and cylindrical magnetic material portions 12 and 13, respectively.
In the same manner as the above, an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the armature 5 is formed. In addition, the annular non-magnetic material portions 14, 1
5 is provided so as to have a width of 1 mm to 3 mm (width of the annular gap) in the radial direction when the outer diameter of the rotor 4 is, for example, φ = 105.

The annular non-magnetic material portion 14 is joined between the inner periphery of the annular magnetic material portion 11 and the outer periphery of the left end portion of the cylindrical magnetic material portion 12 by means of brazing, heat diffusion or the like, The annular magnetic material portion 11 and the cylindrical magnetic material portion 12 are joined together. Further, the annular non-magnetic material portion 15, like the annular non-magnetic material portion 14, is brazed between the outer circumference of the annular magnetic material portion 11 and the inner circumference of the left end portion of the tubular magnetic material portion 13, heat diffusion, etc. Are joined by the above means to join the annular magnetic material portion 11 and the tubular magnetic material portion 13.

FIG. 3 is a view showing the armature 5.
The armature 5 is one of the annular friction plates of the present invention, and is arranged so as to face each friction engagement surface of the rotor 4 with a predetermined gap therebetween, and is composed of the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 and the annular nonmagnetic material portion 20. It is configured. Annular magnetic material parts 18, 19
Is made of a magnetic material such as low carbon steel (S10C) and is arranged in the radial direction of the armature 5 in parallel with the non-magnetic material portion 20 for bypassing the magnetic flux. Furthermore, the annular magnetic material part 1
The right side surface of 8 forms an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the annular magnetic material portion 11, the tubular magnetic material portion 12, and the annular nonmagnetic material portion 14 of the rotor 4. In addition, the annular magnetic material portion 1
The right side surface of 9 forms an annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the annular magnetic material portion 11, the tubular magnetic material portion 13 and the annular non-magnetic material portion 15 of the rotor 4.

The annular non-magnetic material portion 20 prevents leakage of magnetic flux, and is made of, for example, a copper-based alloy such as bronze or a metal-based non-magnetic material such as stainless steel, silicon oxide, magnesium oxide, alumina, titanic acid. It is made of a material to which a predetermined amount of high-hardness additives such as potassium and various kinds of glass fibers are added, and is fitted in the annular space formed between the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19. Further, the right end surface of the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 has a rotor 4 like the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19.
An annular friction engagement surface that frictionally engages with the annular magnetic material portion 11 is formed. The annular non-magnetic material portions 14 and 15 are
When the outer diameter of the rotor 4 is, for example, φ = 105, it is 1 mm in the radial direction.
It is provided so as to have a width of ~ 3 mm (width of the annular gap).

Next, the manufacturing process of the armature 5 will be briefly described with reference to FIG. First, the annular magnetic material part 1
8 and 19 and the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 are formed into a predetermined annular shape, and as shown in FIG. 4A, an annular space formed between the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 on the base 21. The annular non-magnetic material portion 20 is fitted inside. Then, as shown in FIG. 4B, a brazing filler metal 22 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic material portion 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular nonmagnetic material portion 20, and similarly, the annular nonmagnetic material is disposed. A brazing material 22 is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the material portion 20 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular magnetic material portion 19.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4C, the temporary assembly 23 of these armatures is heated by means of a furnace or the like, so that the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 are heated. The annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 are joined to each other by brazing. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 4D, the armature 5 is manufactured by joining the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 to the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 by brazing. The rotor 4 is manufactured by the same method.

The outer hub 6 is made of, for example, low carbon steel (S1).
It is made of steel such as 0C) and is formed in the shape of an annular plate. A rivet 24 is attached to the left side surface of the annular magnetic material portion 19 of the armature 5.
It is installed by. A cylindrical flange portion 25 facing the inner hub 7 is formed at the inner peripheral side end portion of the outer hub 6. The inner hub 7 is made of steel such as low carbon steel (S10C), and is formed in the shape of an annular plate. A cylindrical flange portion 26 facing the inner peripheral surface of the flange portion 25 of the outer hub 6 is formed at the outer peripheral side end portion of the inner hub 7. Also, the inner hub 7
A cylindrical attachment portion 27 for fixing the shaft of the refrigerant compressor is formed at the end portion on the inner peripheral side.

The rubber hub 8 is made of, for example, butyl rubber or natural rubber having excellent vibration resistance and heat resistance and a large rubber hardness, and is filled between the flange portion 25 of the outer hub 6 and the flange portion 26 of the inner hub 7. Flange portion 25 of
It is joined to the facing surface of 26 by means such as vulcanization adhesion.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic clutch 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
A brief description will be given with reference to FIG. When the electromagnetic coil 2 is energized when the vehicle air conditioner is activated, a magnetomotive force is generated in the electromagnetic coil 2, and the stator housing 3, the annular magnetic material portion 11, the tubular magnetic material portions 12 and 13 of the rotor 4 and the armature. A magnetic flux is generated in the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 of 5 to apply a force attracted to the motor 4 side to the armature 5.

As a result, the rubber hub 8 bends in the axial direction, the armature 5 moves in the axial direction together with the outer hub 6, and the armature 5 is firmly attracted to the left side surface (friction engagement surface) of the rotor 4. Since the rotor 4 is rotationally driven by the internal combustion engine via the belt and the V pulley 17, the rotational power of the internal combustion engine is transmitted to the armature 5 and the outer hub 6 through the rotor 4.

At this time, the annular magnetic material portion 11 of the rotor 4 is
Cylindrical magnetic material parts 12, 13 and annular non-magnetic material parts 14, 1
5 each friction engaging surface and the annular magnetic material portion 1 of the armature 5
8, 19 and the friction engagement surfaces of the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 frictionally engage with each other. In this embodiment, the annular non-magnetic material portion 14,
A highly hard additive is added to the metallic non-magnetic material forming 15 and 20.

As a result, the friction coefficient between the annular magnetic material portion 11 and the annular non-magnetic material portion 20 becomes a value of 0.35 or more,
The friction coefficient (μ) between the annular non-magnetic material portions 14 and 15 and the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 is also 0.35 or more. Therefore, the transmission efficiency of the rotational power from the rotor 4 to the armature 5 is significantly increased as compared with the conventional art. As a result, the transmission torque can be dramatically improved.

Further, in this embodiment, the annular non-magnetic material portion 1 is used.
Since the high-hardness additive is uniformly added to all of the metal-based non-magnetic materials forming 4, 15, and 20, the high-hardness additive is repeatedly added and removed from the rotor 4 and the armature 5. Is never scraped off, and the effect of improving the transmission torque can be stably obtained for a long period of time.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 5 is a view showing a manufacturing process of an armature 5 of a second embodiment. First, the ring-shaped magnetic material portions 18 and 19 and the ring-shaped non-magnetic material portion 20 are molded into a predetermined ring shape, and as shown in FIG.
The annular non-magnetic material portion 20 is temporarily fixed between the upper annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 by an intermediate fit. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5B, the temporary assembly 23 of these armatures is heated at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the annular nonmagnetic material portion 20 by means of a furnace or the like. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 5C, the armature 5 is manufactured by heat diffusion bonding the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 and the annular nonmagnetic material portion 20.
The rotor 4 is manufactured by the same method.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 6 is a view showing an electromagnetic clutch 1 used as a third embodiment. In this embodiment, as partially shown in FIG. 7, the annular magnetic material portion 11 of the rotor 4 and the annular magnetic material portions 12, 13 are annularly formed in two annular gaps formed between the left end portions of the cylindrical magnetic material portions 12, 13. The non-magnetic material parts 31 and 32 are fitted. Further, the annular non-magnetic material portion 33 is fitted in the annular space formed between the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 of the armature 5.

The annular non-magnetic material portions 31, 32 are annular portions 31a, 32a made of a metallic non-magnetic material to which a highly hard additive is added within about 1 mm from the friction engagement surface, and the annular portion 31.
a, 32a made of metal-based non-magnetic material without adding highly rigid additives to the electromagnetic coil 2 side (right side) 31b, 32
b is formed separately. The annular non-magnetic material portion 33 is similar to the annular non-magnetic material portions 31 and 32 in that the annular portion 33a is made of a metal-based non-magnetic material to which a highly hard additive is added, and the outer hub 6 side of the annular portion 33a. On the left side, an annular portion 33b made of a metal-based non-magnetic material to which a highly rigid additive is not added is separately formed.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a manufacturing process of the armature 5 of the third embodiment. First, the annular magnetic material parts 18, 1
9. The annular portions 33a and 33b of the annular non-magnetic material portion 33 are molded into a predetermined annular shape and are formed between the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 on the base 35 as shown in FIG. 8 (A). The annular portions 33a and 33b are respectively fitted in the annular gaps. Then, as shown in FIG. 8B, the brazing material 3 is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the annular magnetic material portion 18 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular non-magnetic material portion 33.
6 is disposed, and a brazing material 36 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the annular non-magnetic material portion 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the annular magnetic material portion 19, and the annular portion 3
The brazing material 3 is provided between the upper end surface of 3a and the lower end surface of the annular portion 33b.
Place 6

After that, as shown in FIG. 8C, the temporary assembly 37 of these armatures is heated by means of a furnace or the like to join the annular portions 33a and 33b together by brazing. In addition, the annular non-magnetic material portion 3
The annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 are joined to the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of 3 by brazing. As a result, as shown in FIG. 8D, the ring-shaped non-magnetic material portion 33 becomes the ring-shaped magnetic material portions 18, 19.
The armature 5 is manufactured by brazing the components. The rotor 4 is manufactured by the same method.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 9 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the armature 5 of the fourth embodiment. First, the annular magnetic material portions 18, 19 and the annular portion 33 of the annular non-magnetic material portion 33.
9A, the a and 33b are formed into a predetermined annular shape, and as shown in FIG. 9A, the annular portions 33a and 33b are temporarily fixed between the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 on the base 35 by an intermediate fit. . Then, as shown in FIG. 9 (B), the temporary assembly 37 of these armatures is attached to the annular portion 3 by means of a furnace or the like.
Heating is performed at a temperature not higher than the melting points of 3a and 33b. As a result, as shown in FIG. 9C, the annular magnetic material portions 18, 1
The armature 5 is manufactured by heat diffusion bonding the ring 9 and the ring portions 33a and 33b of the ring-shaped non-magnetic material portion 33. The rotor 4 is manufactured by the same method.

[Fifth Embodiment] FIG. 10 is a view showing a manufacturing process of the armature 5 of the fifth embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10A, the annular magnetic material portion 18,
Temporarily fix the annular portion 33a between the 19 with an intermediate fit,
As shown in FIG. 10B, the temporary assembly 37 of these armatures is heated at a temperature higher than the melting point of the annular portion 33a by means of a furnace or the like.

Therefore, as shown in FIG.
The annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 and the annular portion 33a of the annular non-magnetic material portion 33 are heat diffusion bonded. Then, after being gradually cooled to a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the annular portion 33a, the annular portion 33b is formed in the annular space surrounded by the annular magnetic material portions 18 and 19 and the annular portion 33a as shown in FIG. Fit in. by this,
As shown in FIG. 10E, the armature 5 is manufactured by heat diffusion bonding the annular portions 33a and 33b by the residual heat of the annular portion 33a. The rotor 4 is manufactured by the same method.

[Modification] In the present embodiment, the present invention is used in an electromagnetic clutch for connecting and disconnecting an internal combustion engine for running a vehicle and a shaft of a refrigerant compressor of a vehicle air conditioner. It may be used as an electromagnetic clutch for connecting and disconnecting the drive source of (1) and a driven device such as a transmission, a supercharger, a pump, a blower, and a generator. In this embodiment, the additive for increasing the friction coefficient is added to both the non-magnetic material of the rotor 4 and the armature 5, but the additive may be added only to the non-magnetic material of either one of the rotor 4 and the armature 5. good. In this embodiment, the rotary power is transmitted from the rotor 4 to the armature 5, but the rotary power may be transmitted from the armature to the rotor. In this embodiment, the outer hub 6 and the rubber hub 8 are arranged between the armature 5 and the inner hub 7, but a leaf spring may be arranged between the armature 5 and the inner hub 7.

[0033]

According to the present invention, an additive for increasing the coefficient of friction with the other annular friction plate is added to the friction engagement portion of the annular non-magnetic material portion of one annular friction plate with the other annular friction plate. As a result, the friction coefficient between the annular non-magnetic material portion of one annular friction plate and the other annular friction plate can be increased,
The transmission torque between the two annular friction plates can be dramatically improved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an electromagnetic clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing the upper half of the rotor.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the upper half of the armature.

FIG. 4 is a process drawing showing the manufacturing process of the armature.

FIG. 5 is a process drawing showing the manufacturing process of the armature according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing an electromagnetic clutch according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of the annular non-magnetic material portion of the rotor of FIG.

FIG. 8 is a process drawing showing the manufacturing process of the armature.

FIG. 9 is a process drawing showing the manufacturing process of the armature according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a process drawing showing the manufacturing process of the armature according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic clutch 2 Electromagnetic coil 4 Rotor (other annular friction plate) 5 Armature (one annular friction plate) 11 Annular magnetic material part 12 Cylindrical magnetic material part 13 Cylindrical magnetic material part 14 Annular nonmagnetic material part 15 Annular non-magnetic material Magnetic material part 18 Annular magnetic material part 19 Annular magnetic material part 20 Annular non-magnetic material part

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasushi Tabuchi 1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi Prefecture Nihon Denso Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takao Suzuki 1-1-cho, Showa town, Kariya city, Aichi prefecture Nihon Denso Within the corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An annular coil provided between two annular friction plates arranged to face each other with a predetermined gap, and an electromagnetic coil for frictionally engaging the two annular friction plates with a magnetomotive force. At least one of the annular friction plates connects a plurality of annular magnetic material portions that are radially separated by an annular gap and two adjacent annular magnetic material portions that are arranged in the annular gap and that are adjacent to each other. An electromagnetic clutch comprising an annular non-magnetic material portion formed by adding an additive for increasing a friction coefficient with the other annular friction plate to a friction engagement portion with the other annular friction plate.