JPH0649679U - Automatic door opening and closing device for vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] In a vehicle door automatic opening / closing device that opens and closes a door by an electric motor, the rotation of the electric motor is stopped by a simple structure when the door becomes immovable due to external force. We will protect people trapped in doors and electric motors. [Structure] In response to a switching operation of an operation switch 57, a relay coil 62a or 64a is energized to turn on a relay switch 62b or 64b, thereby causing a current to flow in the electric motor 22 in the direction of a solid line arrow or a broken line arrow.
When the electric motor 22 is energized, the motor 22 rotates normally or reversely to open and close the door. The load current flowing through the electric motor 22 is detected by the resistor 65, and the fact that the door cannot be opened and closed is detected by the increase in the load current, and the comparator 66 turns off the gate circuits 61, 63 to drive the electric motor. The power supply to the motor 22 is stopped.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to an automatic door opening / closing device for a vehicle that opens and closes a vehicle door by applying a current to an electric motor in response to an operation of an operation switch and rotating the motor.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 Conventionally, in this type of device, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-85789, for example, a rotary shaft of an electric motor is connected to a sun gear of a planetary gear unit, and a carrier of the unit is linked to open and close a door. Connected to the mechanism, the ring gear of the unit is biased to the neutral position by a comparatively large spring force via a rack bar meshed with a spur gear provided on the outer circumference of the gear, and the electric motor The rotation is transmitted to the link mechanism via the sun gear, planetary gears and carrier to automatically open and close the vehicle door. In addition, this type of device is equipped with a detection switch that detects movement from the neutral position of the rack bar, and if a person is caught in the door and the door cannot be moved due to external force, the electric motor The rotation is transmitted to the rack bar via the sun gear, planetary gear and ring gear to displace the bar, and this displacement is detected by the detection switch. At the same time, the rotation of the electric motor is stopped and the door is caught. I tried to protect people and electric motors.

[0003]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 However, in the above-mentioned conventional device, a detection switch is required to detect the immovability of the door, and therefore the switch causes the entire device to become large and the manufacturing cost of the device to increase. was there. The present invention has been made to address the above problem, and its purpose is to provide a person who is caught in a door by stopping the rotation of the electric motor when the door becomes immovable due to an external force with a simple structure. It is an object of the invention to provide an automatic door opening / closing device for a vehicle, which is intended to protect the vehicle and the electric motor.

[0004]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above object, the structural features of the present invention include an electric motor, an opening / closing mechanism that is driven by an electric motor to open and close a vehicle door, and an operation switch that opens and closes the vehicle door. In the automatic door opening / closing device for a vehicle, which includes an energizing means for energizing the electric motor in response to the operation of the operation switch, a current detecting means for detecting an electric current flowing through the electric motor, and the detected current amount. The control means controls the energizing means to prohibit energization to the electric motor when is above a predetermined value.

[0005]

[Operation and effect of the device]

 According to the present invention configured as described above, when a person is caught in the door and the door cannot move due to an external force, the load on the electric motor becomes extremely large. Large drive current flows. As a result, the amount of current detected by the current detection means increases, and the prohibition means prohibits the energization of the electric motor to stop the rotation of the electric motor, thus protecting the person caught in the door and the electric motor. And so on. In this case, since the current detection means can be configured by a pure electric circuit element such as a resistor, the entire device can be made compact and the manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced.

[0006]

【Example】

 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the vicinity of an entrance / exit of a vehicle such as a bus as seen from the passenger compartment. A folding door type door 10 that bends at the center is provided at the entrance / exit, and the inside end of the door 10 is rotatably assembled to the vehicle wall, and the outside end is on the rails 11 and 11 at the upper and lower ends. It is designed to slide. The door 10 is opened and closed by an automatic door unit 20 which constitutes an opening / closing mechanism, and the unit 20 is connected to the door 10 via links 12 and 13.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the automatic door unit 20 has a housing 21 housed in a casing 20a and an electric motor 22 assembled to the housing 21 in the casing 20a. . A planetary gear unit including a sun gear 23, a planetary gear 24, a carrier 25 and a ring gear 26 is accommodated in the housing 21. The sun gear 23 is fixed on the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the input shaft 31 which is rotatably supported around the shaft in the housing 21, and the wheel 32 which rotates integrally with the coaxial shaft 31 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end portion of the input shaft 31. Is fixed. A worm 33 fixed on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft of the electric motor 22 is meshed with the wheel 32. The carrier 25 is fixed on the outer circumference of the lower end of the output shaft 34 rotatably supported in the housing 21 about the axis, and one end of the link 12 is fixed on the outer circumference of the upper end of the output shaft 34. . A cam plate 35 that rotates integrally with the coaxial shaft 34 is fixed on the outer circumference of the middle part of the output shaft 34, and a full open switch 36 and a full close switch 37 that are turned on and off by the plate 35 are provided on the outer circumference of the cam plate 35. Has been. The fully open switch 36 is always on and is turned off when the door 10 is fully opened, and the fully open switch 37 is always on and is turned off when the door 10 is fully closed.

A spur gear 42 is attached to the ring gear 26 via a connecting member 41 so as to rotate integrally with the ring gear 26, and a rack gear 43 can be meshed with the spur gear 42. The rack gear 43 is assembled in the housing 21 so as to be able to advance and retreat in the radial direction of the spur gear 42. The rack gear 43 is pushed out by the rotation of the cam shaft 44 and meshes with the spur gear 42, and is pulled by the pin 45 to mesh with the spur gear 42. Is to be released. The camshaft 44 is formed in a cylindrical shape by cutting out a part of the upper end portion in an arc shape, and is rotatably accommodated in the housing 21. The lower end of the cam shaft 44 projects from the housing 21, and one end of a lever 46 is fixed to the lower end of the cam shaft 44. The lever 46 is manually rotated, and the cam shaft 44 is rotated by the rotation of the lever 46. The pin 45 is formed by bending it into a substantially U shape, and one end thereof is rotatably inserted into a hole provided at an eccentric position on the upper end surface of the cam shaft 44. The other end of the pin 45 is rotatably inserted into a hole provided in the upper end surface of the rack gear 43. At both sides of the rack gear 43, columnar rubber dampers 47a and 47b assembled to the housing 21 are provided.

Next, an electric control device for controlling the rotation of the electric motor 22 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. The electric control device includes a main switch 53b, one end of which is connected to a battery 52 via an ignition switch 51. The main switch 53b is always off and is turned on by energizing the relay coil 53a. One end of the relay coil 53a is also connected to the battery 52 via the ignition switch 51, and the other end of the coil 53a is grounded via the gate circuit 54. The vehicle speed sensor 55 and the comparator 56 are connected to the gate circuit 54. The vehicle speed sensor 55 and the comparator 56 turn on the gate circuit 54 only when the vehicle speed is substantially zero, and turn off the gate circuit 54 at other times. To do.

The other end of the main switch 53b is connected to a movable contact point of an operation switch 57 for opening and closing the door 10. The operation switch 57 is provided near the driver's seat of the vehicle, and one fixed contact of the operation switch 57 is grounded through the gate circuit 61, the relay coil 62a, and the fully open switch 36. The other fixed contact of the operation switch 57 is grounded via the gate circuit 63, the relay coil 64a and the fully closed switch 37. The relay coils 62a and 64a switch the movable contacts of the relay switches 62b and 64b respectively connected to both ends of the electric motor 22 by energizing them. One fixed contact of each of the relay switches 62b and 64b is connected to the battery 52, and the other fixed contact of each of the switches 62b and 64b is grounded via the resistor 65 for detecting the load current of the electric motor 22. There is. A comparator 66 is connected to one end of the resistor 65. The comparator 66 turns off the gate circuits 61 and 63 when the terminal voltage of the resistor 65 becomes higher than a predetermined value, and otherwise, the gate circuit 61 and 63. 63 is maintained in the ON state. Both fixed contacts of the operation switch 57 are also connected to the respective inputs of the OR circuit 67, and the output of the OR circuit 67 is connected to the buzzer 69 via the timer circuit 68.

Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. First, a case where the door 10 is automatically opened and closed by the electric motor 22 will be described. In this case, the cam shaft 44 is set to the rotating position shown in FIG. 5A by rotating the lever 46. Therefore, the rack gear 45 is pushed out by the outer peripheral surface of the cam shaft 44 and meshes with the spur gear 42. In this state, the gear 42 cannot rotate. In this state, if the ignition switch 51 is turned on, the main switch 53b is connected to the battery 52 via the ignition switch 51. In this case, when the vehicle is stopped and the vehicle speed is almost zero, the comparator 56 turns on the gate circuit 54, and the main switch 53b is also turned on by exciting the relay coil 53b. When the vehicle is traveling and the vehicle speed is higher than the predetermined value, the comparator 56 keeps the gate circuit 54 off, so that the main switch 53b is kept off. Accordingly, in this case, the opening / closing operation of the door 10 in response to the operation of the operation switch 57 described later is not performed.

When the driver switches the operation switch 57 to the open side while the main switch 53b is turned on, the gate circuit 61 and the full-open switch 36 are normally turned on, so that the relay coil 62a receives a current. Then, the movable contact of the relay switch 62b is switched from the state of FIG. 4 by exciting the coil 62a. On the other hand, the movable contact of the relay switch 64b is kept in the state shown in FIG. As a result, the electric current from the battery 52 flows in the electric motor 22 in the direction of the solid line arrow in FIG. 4, and the electric motor 22 rotates in the normal direction. The normal rotation of the electric motor 22 is transmitted to the sun gear 23 via the worm 33, the wheel 32 and the input shaft 31. In this case, as described above, since the ring gear 24 is also unrotatable due to the inability of the spur gear 42 to rotate, the planetary gear 24 revolves while rotating, and the revolution of the gear 24 is output via the carrier 25. It is transmitted to the shaft 34. Therefore, the output shaft 34 also rotates in response to the rotation of the electric motor 22, and the door 10 is opened through the links 12 and 13 by the rotation of the output shaft 34. Then, when the door 10 is fully opened, the fully open switch 36 is turned off, so that the relay coil 62a is not energized and the relay switch 62b is also turned off. As a result, the rotation of the electric motor 22 is stopped and the door 10 is kept open.

Further, when the driver switches the movable contact of the operation switch 57 to the closed side with the door 10 opened as described above, the gate circuit 63 and the fully closed switch 37 are turned on. A current flows through the coil 64a, and the movable contact of the relay switch 64b is switched from the state shown in FIG. 4 by exciting the coil 64a. On the other hand, the movable contact of the relay switch 62b is kept in the state of FIG. As a result, the electric current from the battery 52 flows in the electric motor 22 in the direction of the broken arrow in FIG. 4, and the motor 22 rotates in the reverse direction. The reverse rotation of the electric motor 22 is also transmitted to the sun gear 23 via the worm 33, the wheel 32 and the input shaft 31. In this case, the output shaft 34 rotates in the opposite direction to the above, so the door 10 is closed. As a result, when the door 10 is fully closed, the fully closed switch 37 is turned off, so that the relay coil 64a is not energized and the relay switch 64b is also turned off. As a result, the rotation of the electric motor 22 is stopped and the door 10 is maintained in the closed state. At the initial stage of opening and closing the door 10, the buzzer 69 is driven by the operation of the OR circuit 67 and the timer circuit 68, and a buzzer sound is emitted.

On the other hand, when the door 10 is opened and closed as described above, if a person is caught between the door 10 and the entrance / exit, luggage is caught or stuck, and the door 10 does not move, the load on the output shaft 34 is reduced. Becomes extremely large, and the electric motor 22 cannot rotate via the carrier 25, the planetary gear 24, the sun gear 23, the input shaft 31, the wheel 32, and the worm 33. As a result, a large drive current (load current) flows through the electric motor 22, and the terminal voltage of the resistor 65 becomes a large value, so the comparator 66 turns off the gate circuits 61 and 63. As a result, the relay coils 62a and 64a are no longer energized, the relay switches 62b and 64b are also returned to the state of FIG. 4, and no current flows through the electric motor 22. Therefore, when a person is caught between the door 10 and the entrance / exit and the door 10 does not move, the electric motor 22 cannot be forcibly driven, and the person, the electric motor 22 and the like are caught. Be protected. On the other hand, in such a case, immediately before the electric current to the electric motor 22 is cut off, the ring gear 26 and the spur gear 42 are rotationally driven by the electric motor 22 with a large driving force, and the rack gear 43 is tangential to the spur gear 42 in the tangential direction. However, since the rubber dampers 47a and 47b absorb this force, there is no mechanical damage such as chipping of the teeth of each gear in the path from the electric motor 22 to the rack gear 43.

Next, a case of manually opening and closing the door 10 will be described. In this case, the cam shaft 44 is set to the rotating position shown in FIG. 5B by rotating the lever 46. Therefore, the rack gear 45 is pulled by the pin 45 and the meshing with the spur gear 42 is released. In this state, since the gear 42 is rotatable, even if the electric motor 22 is rotated by operating the operation switch 57, the ring gear 26 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 22 and the door 11 is opened and closed. Not done. Alternatively, when a person pushes or pulls the door 10, the ring gear 26 freely rotates, so that the output shaft 34 and the links 12 and 13 also freely rotate and the door 10 is manually opened and closed.

Although the present invention is applied to the folding door 10 in the above embodiment, the present invention can also be applied to a sliding door type vehicle door. In this case, the door provided at the entrance / exit may be pulled or pushed along the outer wall of the vehicle body according to the rotation of the electric motor 22.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an entrance / exit in which a folding door according to the present invention is mounted, as viewed from the passenger compartment.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the automatic door unit shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the unit.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electric control device for controlling the electric motor of FIG.

FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the relationship between the rack gear and the spur gear when the automatic door unit is set to the automatic mode, and FIG. 5B is the plan view showing the relationship between the rack gear and the spur gear when the unit is set to the manual mode. It is a top view shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Door, 12, 13 ... Link, 20 ... Auto door unit, 21 ... Housing, 22 ... Electric motor, 23 ...
Sun gear, 24 ... Planetary gear, 25 ... Carrier, 2
6 ... Ring gear, 31 ... Input shaft, 32 ... Wheel, 33
... worm, 34 ... output shaft, 36 ... fully open switch, 37
... fully closed switch, 42 ... spur gear, 43 ... rack gear, 44 ... camshaft, 45 ... pin, 46 ... lever,
47a, 47b ... Rubber damper, 57 ... Operation switch, 6
1, 63 ... Gate circuit, 62a, 64a ... Relay coil, 62b, 64b ... Relay switch, 65 ... Resistor, 6
6 ... Comparator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An electric motor, an opening / closing mechanism that is driven by the electric motor to open / close a vehicle door, an operation switch for opening / closing the vehicle door, and the electric motor in response to an operation of the operation switch. An automatic door opening / closing device for a vehicle, comprising: an energizing means for energizing the electric current, a current detecting means for detecting an amount of current flowing through the electric motor, and controlling the energizing means when the detected amount of current is a predetermined value or more And a means for prohibiting energization of the electric motor, the automatic door opening / closing device for a vehicle.