JPH0649418B2 - Box truck door device - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is directed to a door device of a box truck (including a van truck, the same applies hereinafter), and more particularly to a double door type door provided on a rear surface of a luggage box. The present invention relates to a box truck door device.

2. Description of the Related Art As a door device for a box-shaped truck, a device using a double door type door is widely used. Since the opening direction of the door of this product is the rear direction of the packing box, even if the load inside the packing box causes the load to collapse, there is no problem in opening the door and it can be operated from outside the packing box. Therefore, it has an advantage that the opening / closing operation is also easy.

Thus, in the conventional box-shaped truck door device, when the door is opened, the door pivots largely in the range of 180 ° from side to side around the hinge fixed to the rear end of the luggage box. Since the door largely protrudes to the left and right of the packing box, there is a drawback that it often obstructs other traffic. However, in order to avoid such a situation, when the opening range of the door is kept at 90 °, it is inconvenient that the door, which largely projects to the rear of the packing box, must be bypassed when loading or unloading. is there.

Therefore, if the open range of the door is kept at 90 ° and the door that is in the open state by projecting to the rear of the luggage box can be moved forward along the side surface of the luggage box and stored, the above-mentioned load It is possible to eliminate the inconvenience of loading work.

As a door device based on such an idea, the applicant first supports the door with an upper hinge and a lower hinge, the upper hinge is mounted above the rear end of the luggage box, while the lower hinge is the front end of the door. The guide rollers provided on the upper hinge and the lower hinge are installed on the upper part of the door and on the lower part of the rear part of the side surface of the packing box. It has been proposed that the robot can be moved forward and backward when the door is opened by being guided and rolling (Japanese Utility Model Application No. 58-176807).
In this case, the door can be opened and closed within a range of 90 ° with respect to the rear surface of the luggage box by the upper and lower hinges, while when the door in the open state is advanced along the side surface of the luggage box, Since the entire width of the door can be accommodated along the side surface of the luggage box without leaving a protruding portion on the rear surface of the luggage box, it is very convenient for handling the cargo in the luggage box.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the prior art, since the lower guide rail is fixedly arranged below the rear portion of the side surface of the luggage box,
In order to close the rear surface of the packing box, a considerable horizontal distance must be provided between the trajectory of the longitudinal movement of the door and the lower guide rail. However, there is a problem in that the stability of the door may be slightly insufficient due to the increase in the length. Thus, such a problem is particularly remarkable when the weight of the door becomes large, and is not so important in the case of a lightweight door.

Therefore, in view of the situation of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to make the lower guide rail movable so that the lower guide rail can project to the outside of the side surface of the packing box during the forward movement of the door. Therefore, it is not necessary to lengthen the fixing piece of the lower hinge exceptionally, and by using the auxiliary hinge that supports the rear part of the door from below, the stability is improved even for a heavy door. It is an object of the invention to provide a new, box truck door device which can be sufficient.

Means for Solving the Problems According to the structure of the present invention for achieving the above object, an upper hinge having an upper guide roller is attached above a rear end portion of a side surface of a packing box and installed horizontally on an upper portion of a door. While engaging the upper guide rail and the upper guide roller, the lower guide rail is arranged below the rear part of the luggage box, and the lower hinge having the lower guide roller is attached below the front end of the door. By supporting the door by engaging the lower guide rail and the lower guide roller, the door can be opened and closed with respect to the rear surface of the luggage box and can be stored forward along the side surface of the luggage box. , An auxiliary hinge is provided below the rear surface of the luggage box, and an auxiliary guide roller attached to the auxiliary hinge is engaged with an auxiliary guide rail provided below the door, while the lower guide rail swings horizontally. Back and forth movement via parallel links The gist of the present invention is that it is supported at the same time and is linked with an auxiliary hinge via a link piece so that it is projected outward from the side surface of the luggage box when the door advances.

With this structure, the door is rotatably supported by the upper hinge and the lower hinge and can be opened and closed with respect to the rear surface of the luggage box, while the door is opened from the closed state. When opening the door, the auxiliary hinge rotates following the opening of the door, so the lower guide rail that interlocks with the auxiliary hinge via the link piece also corresponds to opening of the door beyond the predetermined opening. The forward movement and the outward projecting movement of the side surface of the packing box can be started by swinging the parallel links.

After opening the door to an opening of about 90 °, the door can be pushed forward along the side surface of the packing box,
The forward trajectory of the door at this time is regulated by the upper and lower guide rails and the upper and lower guide rollers that engage and roll with the respective guide rails. Here, since the lower guide rail projects outward from the side surface of the packing box, it is not necessary to take a special horizontal distance between the fixing piece of the lower hinge and the lower guide rail. There is no danger of an excessive torsional moment being applied, and when the door is advanced to its forward limit, the rear end can be supported not only by the upper hinge but also by the auxiliary hinge. Even so,
The stability can be sufficiently maintained.

The reason why a horizontal distance can be eliminated between the fixed piece of the lower hinge and the lower guide rail will be described in detail below. That is, now, when trying to move the door back and forth along the side surface of the packing box, the door needs to move at least outside the side surface of the packing box by at least equal to its thickness dimension. If the lower guide rail is fixedly installed below the side surface of the packing box, a horizontal distance equal to or greater than that is required between the lower hinge fixing piece and the lower guide rail. However, if the lower guide rails can be moved so as to project outward from the side surface of the packing box by more than a size commensurate with the required horizontal distance during the forward movement of the door, the above horizontal distance is required. Can eliminate this. Therefore, the required protruding dimension of the lower guide rail should be equal to or larger than the thickness of the door.

The door is opened and closed by the upper and lower hinges, while the door and the lower guide rail are interlocked with each other through the auxiliary hinge and the link piece. , And can be performed in conjunction with the subsequent back-and-forth motion, and no special operation is required to move the lower guide rail.

It operates as described above.

Example Hereinafter, an example will be described with reference to the drawings.

The door device for a box-shaped truck includes a door 10, an upper hinge 30, and
The lower hinge 40 serves as a main member (FIG. 1). However, the door 10 forms a double door in the rear surface B2 of the luggage box B together with another pair of doors 10. However, since the door device can be a completely symmetrical type for both doors 10 and 10, In the following description, only the door 10 shown on the left side in FIG. 1 will be referred to.

The door 10 is a plate-like body having a width and height sufficient to close 1/2 of the opening of the rear surface B2 of the packing box B, and the load loaded in the packing box B causes the load to collapse accidentally. Even so, it should have sufficient strength to withstand.

An upper guide rail 11 is laterally provided on the upper portion of the door 10 over substantially the entire width thereof. The upper guide rail 11 is made of a channel material having a substantially U-shaped cross section that opens downward (second
(Fig. 3, Fig. 3), the upper guide roller 31 is housed inside and can be guided.

A T-shaped locking metal fitting 12 is projectingly provided at the middle portion of the front end of the door 10 (FIG. 1). It is assumed that the locking fitting 12 forms a detachable hinge by pairing with the hooks 12c and 12c projecting from the rear end of the luggage box B. That is, when the door 10 is closed, the locking bars 12a, 12a protruding in the vertical direction of the locking metal fitting 12 can be engaged with the hooks 12c, 12c, and when the door 10 is opened, both of them can be engaged. Shall be able to disengage automatically.

A lock bar 13 is rotatably provided at the rear end of the door 10. The lock bar 13 can be pivotally operated via the handle 13c by removing the latch 13b, whereby the hook portions 13d at both ends of the lock bar 13,
13d is a hook 13 provided above and below the rear surface B2 of the packing box B.
It is assumed that the door 10 in the closed state can be locked and released from the outside by being engaged with and disengaged from the e and 13e.

At the bottom of the door 10, an auxiliary guide rail 14 having an inverted J-shaped cross section is provided.
Is installed across the entire width of the door 10 (second
(Fig. 4), inside the auxiliary guide rail 14, an auxiliary guide roller 61a provided at the tip of the support rod 61 rolls.

A lower guide rail 51 is arranged below the rear portion of the side surface B1 of the packing box B (Fig. 1). The lower guide rail 51 is formed by bending a plate material into a substantially C shape (see FIGS. 5 and 6).
(Fig.) Inside, a lower guide roller 41, which is a combination of vertical rollers 41a, 41a ... And horizontal rollers 41b, 41b, is housed, and these rollers are guided in the front-back direction of the packing box B and rolled. You are able to move.

The lower guide roller 51 is supported by a pair of parallel links 52, 52 pivotally attached to the back surface thereof (FIG. 1), and the parallel links 52, 52 are pivotally attached at their base ends to the chassis S of the truck. , Shall be swingable in the horizontal direction (Fig. 7). In addition, the length of the parallel links 52, 52 is such that when it falls to the rear of the packing box B, the lower guide rail 51
Is stored under the floor inside the side surface B1 of the packing box B, and when the parallel links 52, 52 are erected forward, the lower guide rail 51 is at least outwardly of the side surface B1 of the packing box B.
It projects beyond the thickness dimension of the door 10 (FIG. 11), and in any state during this, it is possible to maintain the parallel state with the side surface B1 of the packing box B. On the front side of the base end of each parallel link 52, from the chassis S to the stopper 5
2b is provided so as to limit the standing angle of the parallel link 52.

On the other hand, the parallel link 52 on the rear side near the side surface B2 of the packing box B
A stopper 52a protruding downward is attached to the
(Fig. 6), the stopper 52a can cross the lower guide rail 51 so that it can pass under the lower guide rail 51 when the parallel link 52 is lying down (Fig. 7). .

The upper hinge 30 is attached above the rear end of the side surface B1 of the luggage box B (FIG. 1). That is, the upper hinge 30
Is a hinge pin 30a fixed to the side surface B1 of the packing box B,
A J-shaped hanger rod 30c is rotatably provided at the tip of the swing piece 30b so as to swing around the L-shaped swing piece 30b. Further, the tip of the hanger rod 30c is provided. The upper guide roller 31 that rolls inside the upper guide rail 11 is pivotally mounted on the shaft via a bracket 30d (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The lower hinge 40 includes a fixed piece 40a and a hinge pin 40b.
And a rocking piece 40c (FIG. 1).
Is fixed below the front end of the door 10, while the fixing piece 40a extends downwardly at its lower end, and the lower guide roller 41 is guided by the lower guide roller 51 at the lower end thereof. It is worn (Figs. 5 and 6). Further, a protrusion 40d that protrudes toward the lower guide rail 51 is formed in the front of the lower end of the fixed piece 40a.
Is the stopper 52a of the parallel link 52 in the lying state.
And can be engaged below the lower guide rail 51 (FIG. 7).

An auxiliary hinge 60 is arranged below the side surface B2 of the luggage box B (FIGS. 1 and 2). The auxiliary hinge 60 is mainly composed of a lever 60b swingable around the hinge pin 60a and a support rod 61 erected at the tip of the lever 60b, and the tip of the support rod 61 is provided with a bracket 61b via a bracket 61b. The above-mentioned auxiliary guide roller 61a is axially mounted (FIG. 4). However, the auxiliary guide roller 61a
Is adjustable by a male screw threaded on the outer periphery of the support rod 61 and set nuts 61c, 61c screwed to the male screw, and the auxiliary guide roller 61a,
With the auxiliary guide rail 14 with which the door 10 is engaged, the door 10
Can be supported from below.

A connecting piece 60d extending downward is formed on the lever 60b (FIG. 1), and the connecting piece 60d and the lower guide rail 51 are connected via a link piece 62. However, the lower end of the connecting piece 60d is bent in the horizontal direction, and the connection between the link piece 62 and the connecting piece 60d is
The long hole 62a provided in the former is provided with the pin 60e provided upright in the latter.
By inserting (Fig. 7). Further, a torsion spring 63 is interposed below the hinge pin 60a (FIGS. 1 and 2), and the lever 60b is always
A force is applied in the direction of opening the door 10 (direction of arrow K1 in FIG. 1).

Further, a seal packing 15 for sealing the space between the front end surface of the door 10 and the pillar B3 at the rear corner of the luggage box B is mounted (FIG. 7).

The operation of the door device of the box truck having such a structure is as follows.

Now, consider a case where the door 10 is completely closed with respect to the side surface B2 of the packing box B (the state of the door 10 shown on the right side of FIG. 1). At this time, the upper hinge 3 supporting the door 10
0 and the lower hinge 40 are located so as to surround the pillar B3 at the rear corner of the packing box B, while the auxiliary hinge 60 is provided.
The lever 60b is located at a position substantially parallel to the rear surface B2 of the luggage box B. Here, the lever 60b moves the rear surface B2 of the packing box B.
The lever 60b is placed in a position substantially parallel to the position of the support rod 61, the auxiliary guide roller 61a at the tip thereof, and the auxiliary guide rail 14 provided below the door 10,
This is because it is rotated around the hinge pin 60a together with the door 10 against the force of the torsion spring 63. When the door 10 is in the closed state, the door 10 has a detachable hinge including the locking fitting 12 and the hooks 12c and 12c, and the lock bar 1.
Closed tightly with 3.

Next, pay attention to the lower guide rail 51 in the closed state of the door 10 (FIG. 7; however, FIG. 7 shows the door 1 on the left side of FIG. 1).
0 is shown).

The lower guide rail 51 and the auxiliary hinge 60 are the auxiliary hinge 6
0 lever 60b and connecting piece 6 formed on the lever 60b
0d and the link piece 62, and the lever 60b at this time is in a position substantially parallel to the rear surface B2 of the packing box B. It is in the state of being pulled toward the rear of the box B to the rear end thereof. Therefore, the parallel links 52, 52 supporting the lower guide rail 51 are in a state of lying backward, so that the entire lower guide rail 51 is pulled inside the side surface B1 of the packing box B. On the other hand, the stopper 52a attached to the rear side parallel link 52 crosses the lower side of the lower guide rail 51 and engages with the protrusion 40d formed on the fixing piece 40a of the lower hinge 40. The fixed piece 40a of the hinge 40 is provided on the lower guide rail 5
1, the vertical rollers 41a, 41
The lower guide roller 41 including a ... And the horizontal rollers 41b and 41b is rollable in the lower guide rail 51, but is prevented from moving.

Then, the lock bar 13 is operated to close the door 1.
Open 0 (arrow K2 in FIG. 7). Regarding the rotation of the door 10 at this time, for the lower hinge 40, the swing piece 40c rotates around the hinge pin 40b, and for the upper hinge 30, the swing piece 30b rotates around the hinge pin 30a. And the relative rotation of the hanger rod 30c with respect to the swing piece 30b. So, the door 10
Although the upper part and the lower part do not necessarily rotate about the same rotation axis, the door 10 is generally sufficiently large, and the upper and lower guide rails 11 and 51 and the upper and lower guide rails engaged with the respective guide rails 11 and 51. Due to the presence of appropriate gaps between the rollers 31 and 41, respectively, the door 1
There is no possibility that the rotation of 0 will be hindered.

When the door 10 is opened, the lever 60b of the auxiliary hinge 60 follows this and rotates about the hinge pin 60a (eighth).
Figure). This is the support rod 61 at the tip of the lever 60b.
However, since it is engaged with the auxiliary guide rail 14 of the door 10 via the auxiliary guide roller 61a, the movement of the lever 60b is restricted by the movement of the door 10.

When the lever 60b rotates, the connecting piece 60d formed on the lever 60b also rotates about the hinge pin 60a, and the link piece 62 also interlocks therewith.
Since a long hole 62a is provided in the lower guide rail 51, there is a play corresponding to the length of the long hole 62a between the connecting piece 60d and the link piece 62. You can Further, since the lower hinge 40 is also prevented from moving by the stopper 52a of the parallel link 52, the position of the hinge pin 40b of the lower hinge 40, which is the center of rotation below the door 10, is also immovable. The rotation of 10 is performed smoothly. The lever 60
Since the rotation of b is in the direction according to the force of the torsion spring 63 provided below the hinge pin 60a, the rotation of the door 10 is light.

Subsequently, when the door 10 is opened to an opening degree of about 90 ° (Fig. 9), the lever 60b and the connecting piece 60d are connected to each other by the link piece 6
The lower guide rail 51 is pushed by the link piece 62 and starts to move forward (arrow K3 in the same figure) because the lower guide rail 51 is rotated until it exceeds the play caused by the second long hole 62a. Along with this, the parallel links 52, 52 are erected forward (in the direction of arrow K4 in the figure), so that the stopper 52a is formed.
Then, the engagement with the protrusion 40d of the lower hinge 40 is released.
At the same time, the lower guide rail 51 is connected to the parallel links 52, 52.
Rises to be pushed out of the side surface B1 of the packing box B.

When the engagement between the stopper 52a and the protrusion 40d of the lower hinge 40 is released, the lower hinge 40 can move forward along the lower guide rail 51 by the rolling of the lower guide roller 41. (Fig. 10), upper guide roller 31
Is always movable along the upper guide rails 11, so that the door 10 is eventually guided by the lower guide rails 51 and the upper guide rails 11 as a whole to move along the side surface B1 of the packing box B. It is possible to push it forward (arrow K in the figure)
5). At the same time, the lever 60b rotates further around the hinge pin 60a, which causes the lower guide rail 5
1 is pushed further forward (arrow K6 in the figure). Therefore, the parallel links 52, 52 are further erected (arrow K7 in the figure), so that the lower guide rail 51 extends completely outward from the side surface B1 of the packing box B.

Therefore, when the rotation of the lever 60b is restricted by contacting the pillar B3, the parallel links 52, 52 stand up in a substantially upright state, and at this time, the lower guide rail 51 is
If the relative dimensions of each member are selected so as to project outward from the side surface B1 of the packing box B by at least the thickness of the door 10 (FIG. 11), then the door 10 will be It can be pushed forward along the side surface B1 to be stored (arrow K8 in the figure). However, the standing angles of the parallel links 52, 52 are the same as those of the lever 60b, the connecting piece 60d, and the link piece 6.
In addition to being regulated by No. 2 and the parallel link 52, the stopper 52b provided upright on the chassis S and the parallel link 52 can contact each other. Here, if the lower guide rail 51 is formed to be sufficiently long, the door 10 can accommodate the entire width thereof along the side surface B1 of the packing box B (FIG. 1). It is possible that the ends do not project from the rear surface B2 of the packing box B.

In this way, when the door 10 is stored in the front,
The lever 60b continues to apply a force in the direction of pushing the lower guide rail 51 forward by the torsion spring 63 provided below the hinge pin 60a, while the parallel link 52
Since its rotation is blocked by the stopper 52b, the lower guide rail 51 is eventually held at its forward limit. At the same time, the rear end of the door 10 has an auxiliary hinge 6
Since it is supported from below by the support rod 61 of 0 through the auxiliary guide roller 61a and the auxiliary guide rail 14, the door 10 is stably supported in its forward limit, and the door 10 is a heavy door. Even if there is, there is no danger of inadvertently tilting or changing the position.

When closing the door 10 stored along the side surface B1 of the luggage box B, first, the door 10 is pulled out rearward over substantially the entire width thereof, and then the upper hinge 30 and the lower hinge 40 are used as rotation centers. It only has to rotate in the closing direction. At this time, the lower guide rail 51 is returned to the original position and the packing box B by the door 10 is followed in the reverse order of the opening process.
The rear surface B2 can be closed.

Other Embodiments To link the auxiliary hinge 60 and the lower guide rail 51, the lever 60b of the auxiliary hinge 60 and the connecting piece 52c protruding from the extension of the parallel link 52 are connected via the link piece 62. It is also possible (Fig. 12). At this time, it is preferable that the long hole 62a formed in the link piece 62 be formed long on the side of the connecting piece 52c and that a tension spring 52d for assisting the fall and rise of the parallel link 52 be used together. In the closed state of the door 10, the link piece 62 does not project from the rear surface B2 of the packing box B, so that it is possible to reduce the risk of accidentally breaking the link piece 62 during handling of a load. The operation of this device is exactly the same as that of the previous embodiment (two-dot chain line in the figure).

A hook 40d is projected from the fixed piece 40a of the lower hinge 40, and the hinge pin 60a of the auxiliary hinge 60 is
The engagement block 64 can be rotatably mounted (FIGS. 13 and 14). Here, the engagement block 64
Is provided with an engaging pin 64b for engaging with the hook 40d and an engaging tongue piece 64c on the circumferential side of a ring 64a through which the hinge pin 60a is inserted.
Allows the engagement block 64 to be rotated by being pushed by the lever 60b when closing the door 10.
It is formed long downward.

Now, when closing the door 10 in the open state, the lever 60d also rotates following the door 10 (arrow K in FIG. 15).
9). At the same time, the fixing piece 40a of the lower hinge 40 also approaches the pillar B3 at the rear corner of the packing box B according to the movement of the lower guide rail 51 due to the fall of the parallel links 52, 52 (arrow K10 in the figure). Therefore, finally, the hook 40d provided on the fixed piece 40a and the engagement pin 64b of the engagement block 64 rotated by the lever 60d pushing the engagement tongue piece 64c firmly engage with each other. So (13th
In the figure, the door 10 can further improve its sealing property and stability in its closed state. Note that when the door 10 is opened, the pressing of the engaging tongue piece 64c by the lever 60d is released, so that the hook 40d and the engaging pin 64b can be automatically disengaged. .

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the upper hinge,
An upper guide roller, an upper guide rail, a lower hinge, a lower guide roller, and a lower guide rail are provided, and the door is supported by the upper hinge and the lower hinge and can be opened and closed with respect to the rear surface of the luggage box. In addition, the upper and lower guide rollers attached to the upper and lower hinges and the upper and lower guide rails engaging with the respective hinges allow the front side to be stowed along the side surface of the luggage box in the open state, and further, the rear surface of the luggage box. While engaging the auxiliary guide roller of the auxiliary hinge provided below and the auxiliary guide rail provided laterally on the door, the lower guide rail supports the back-and-forth movement through the parallel link and also through the link piece. By interlocking with the auxiliary hinge and allowing the door to project outward from the side of the luggage box when the door advances, the door can move back and forth along the outwardly protruding lower guide rail. Therefore, it is not necessary to take a special horizontal distance between the lower guide rail and the door, and the rear part of the door can be supported from below by the auxiliary hinge. Even if there is, there is a remarkable effect that the stability of the door can be sufficiently increased.

In addition, the lower guide rail moves forward only when the door is stowed forward along the side surface of the packing box and projects outward, so it is a special consideration for the vehicle examination standard. There is also a practical effect that the existing vehicle can be easily modified without paying the cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 11 show an embodiment, FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the entire structure, FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are enlarged cross-sectional views of essential parts. 7 to 11 are explanatory views of the operation sequence. FIG. 12 is an operation state explanatory view showing another embodiment. FIGS. 13 to 15 show another embodiment, FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a door in a closed state, FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an engagement block, and FIG. It is a figure. B ... packing box B1 ... side surface B2 ... rear surface 10 ... door 11 ... upper guide rail 14 ... auxiliary guide rail 30 ... upper hinge 31 ... upper guide roller 40 ... lower hinge 41 ... lower guide roller 51 ... lower guide rail 52 ... parallel link 60 ... Auxiliary hinge 61a ... Auxiliary guide roller 62 ... Link piece

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An upper hinge above a rear end portion of a side surface of a luggage box, an upper guide roller attached to the upper hinge, and an upper guide rail which is laterally provided above the door and engages with the upper guide roller. A lower guide rail disposed below a rear portion of a side surface of the luggage box, a lower hinge fixed to a lower end of a front end of the door, and a lower guide roller attached to the lower hinge and engaged with the lower guide rail. The door is supported by the upper hinge and the lower hinge, is openable and closable with respect to the rear surface of the luggage box, and in the open state, can be stored forward along the side surface of the luggage box. In the door device, an auxiliary hinge is provided below the rear surface of the luggage box, and an auxiliary guide roller attached to the auxiliary hinge is engaged with an auxiliary guide rail laterally provided below the door, while the lower guide rail is horizontal. The forward and backward movement is performed via a parallel link that swings to While supporting the said allowed conjunction with auxiliary hinges via a link piece, upon advancement of the door, the door device of box-shaped track to the side surface of the packing box, characterized in that so as to protrude outward.