JPH0648218Y2 - solenoid valve - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a structure of a small solenoid valve that opens and closes a refrigerant circuit of a car air conditioner, a room air conditioner or the like and consumes extremely little power.

[Prior Art] A conventional solenoid valve of this type is, for example, the one shown in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 60-29733 (see FIG. 4) or JP-A-62-167989.
There was one as shown in Japanese Patent Publication (see FIG. 5).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the former solenoid valve, it is necessary to continuously energize the electromagnetic coil 2 while the flow path 1 is open, and the current I is applied to the internal resistance R (Ω) of the electromagnetic coil. To flow (A), V = IR
A voltage of (V) is required, and W = I ² R is always applied to the electromagnetic coil.
The power of (W) is supplied. When the electric power W is continuously supplied for H hours, electric energy of E = I ² RH (J) is supplied, and all this energy becomes heat to raise the temperature of the electromagnetic coil. In order to prevent these, the winding has to be made of a thick and highly heat-resistant material, and it is necessary to increase the cooling surface area. Therefore, it has a drawback that it becomes a large and expensive solenoid valve.

In the latter solenoid valve, a magnetic circuit is formed by the plunger 4 that opens and closes the flow path 3, the suction element 6 and the yoke 10.
An electromagnetic force is generated by momentarily applying an alternating current to the electromagnetic coil 7, and the sum of the weight of the plunger 4 and the elasticity of the spring 5 is overcome to attract the plunger 4 to the suction element 6 to open the flow path 3 and energize. Even if is stopped, since the magnetic circuit is formed by the permanent magnet 8, the open state is maintained and then the AC negative half-wave current is momentarily applied to the electromagnetic coil 7 to cancel the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 8. A magnetic field is generated in the direction, and the force of the spring 5 moves the plunger 4 downward to close the flow path 3.

Therefore, since continuous energization is not required, the power consumption is extremely low, and the temperature rise is extremely small. However, in this type, when the plunger 4 is attracted and is in a holding state, a pipe 9 made of a non-magnetic material for forming a closed container exists between the permanent magnet 8 and the plunger 4. Not only is the air gap on the magnetic circuit equivalent to an increase in the power required for excitation, but also the magnetism that holds the plunger 4 generated by the permanent magnet 8 becomes weaker, so that the impact force or vibration from the outside causes the plunger to move. There is a disadvantage that 4 cannot be held and the valve will be closed. To prevent this,
Since it was necessary to use a large permanent magnet, not only did the cost increase, but it was also impossible to make it small.

Further, since a certain clearance is required between the plunger 4 and the pipe 9, the holding force is further reduced, and the plunger 4 is eccentric because it tilts in the pipe 9 to cause a magnetic imbalance. In addition, there is a drawback in that the plunger 4 may be easily caught and the plunger 4 may not operate reliably.

In addition to the fact that a collision noise is generated when the flow path 3 is opened and closed, it is not only pleasant to the ear, but also has the drawback of damaging the plunger 4 or the suction element 6. To drive this solenoid valve, an AC power supply is used to apply a sine wave positive pulse signal at the time of opening and a sine wave negative pulse signal at the time of closing using an AC control element. There is a problem that it cannot be used and a circuit for generating an AC component is required, which is very expensive.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and according to the present invention, it has an attractor which is covered with a yoke and forms a magnetic circuit with the electromagnetic coil and the yoke. A first chamber, a non-magnetic ring provided between the yoke and the suction element, and a second chamber connected to the first chamber and having a valve body and a valve body, The valve body is the valve seat, the first
And a second flow path, the valve body has a permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction of the suction element on the suction element side, and is always spring-biased to the valve seat side. It is a summary.

[Operation] Since the present invention has the above-mentioned means, an instantaneous current is applied from the DC power supply so that one terminal of the electromagnetic coil is on the (+) side and the other terminal is on the (-) side. Is applied to the suction element side against the biasing force of the spring, and that state is maintained by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet even without energization, and the valve element is removed from the valve seat of the valve body. The fluid (refrigerant) is separated and flows from the first flow path to the second flow path.

Next, when an instantaneous current is applied to the electromagnetic coil in the opposite direction to the above, an electromagnetic force that opposes the magnetic force of the permanent magnet is generated in the attractor, and the spring force pushes the valve element toward the valve seat side to create a flow path. close.

[Embodiment] The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical yoke made of a magnetic material, which is divided into an upper chamber 27 and a lower chamber 28 by a suction element 13 made of a magnetic material and a ring 16 made of a non-magnetic material, and both chambers are completely sealed. . An electromagnetic coil having a terminal 24 and a terminal 25 is incorporated in the upper chamber 27 and is fixed by the plate 12.

The plate 12 is made of a magnetic material, and has a yoke 11 and a suction element.
13 are connected to form a magnetic circuit.

A valve main body 21 having a first flow passage 20, a second flow passage 22, and a valve seat 26 is assembled in the lower chamber 28 by screw connection, and the valve main body 21 is joined to the yoke 11 by a screw and movable up and down. It is possible to adjust the valve stroke of a disc-shaped valve body 18, which will be described later, for example, and then it is fixed to the yoke 11 to form a valve chamber. A vertically movable disc-shaped valve body 18 is housed in the valve chamber to form a moving iron core made of a magnetic material. In the figure, a disk-shaped permanent magnet 17 and an attractor 13 are provided above. A packing 23 made of, for example, rubber is provided to prevent collision with and protect the permanent magnet. A valve seat 19 made of rubber, for example, is provided below. A compression coil spring 15 is provided in the lower hole of the suction element 13.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. When the (+) side of the DC power supply (not shown) is connected to the terminal 24 and the (-) side is connected to the terminal 25 and an instantaneous pulse signal is applied, a current flows through the electromagnetic coil 14,
The attractor 13 and the yoke 11 are magnetized so that the attractor 13 has an S pole and the yoke 11 has an N pole. Here, the permanent magnet 17 provided on the valve body 18 is magnetized to the N pole on the upper side and to the S pole on the lower side. The valve body 18 is attracted to the suction element 13 against the combined force of elasticity, and thereafter, the permanent magnet 17, the yoke 11, and the plate.
12, a complete magnetic closed circuit is formed by the valve body 18 and the electromagnetic coil
Even if the power supply to 14 is cut off, it will be retained if it is adsorbed. Therefore valve body
18 is separated from the valve seat 26. In this state, the fluid (refrigerant) continues to flow from the first flow path 20 to the valve seat 26 and then to the second flow path 22. In this state, since there is no air gap on the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets passes sufficiently and the density becomes high.
Since the force for holding the valve is large, the valve body does not move downward even if external impact or vibration is applied.

Then, from this state, connect the (+) side of the DC power supply to terminal 25 (-).
When the side is connected to the terminal 24 and an instantaneous pulse signal is applied, a current flows in the electromagnetic coil 14 in the opposite direction to the above, and the attractor 13 has an N pole and the yoke 11 has an S pole. The magnetic fields cancel each other, and the valve element 18 is separated from the suction element 13 by the elastic force of the compression coil spring, moves downward, is pressed by the valve seat 26, and shuts off the fluid flow. Therefore, by alternately changing the polarity of the instantaneous pulse signal applied to the electromagnetic coil, the flow path can be opened and closed, and the state can be maintained even when the energization is cut off. Further, by adjusting the screw connection to the lower chamber 28 of the valve body 21, the valve body 18
The degree of opening and closing of the valve seat 26 can be easily adjusted.

However, during the operation of the valve body 18 in the figure, the collision noise is eliminated by the valve seat 19 or the packing 23 made of rubber or the like, which is extremely quiet.

FIG. 2 is a principle diagram of the drive circuit, in which the direction of the current flowing through the electromagnetic coil 14 is changed by switching the interlocking switch 30. 29 indicates a power source. Also electromagnetic coil
Reference numeral 14 is one in which the first coil wound in the right direction and the second coil wound in the left direction are integrated into one and has three terminals, and the same effect can be obtained. The principle of the drive circuit in this case is the third
It becomes a figure.

[Advantages of the Invention] According to the solenoid valve of the present invention, it is possible to maintain the open or closed state of the flow path by instantly energizing.
Since the power consumption is extremely low and the energy saving is extremely low and the temperature rise is extremely low, a relatively large current can be passed, so that the electromagnetic coil can be made small, and the whole can be made small and inexpensive. There are also advantages. For this reason, it is particularly advantageous when mounted in a narrow space such as a car cooler. Further, since the number of windings of the electromagnetic coil is small and the mass of the valve body can be reduced, there is an advantage that the opening / closing response of the valve body becomes very quick. Further, conventionally, there has been one that swings a valve element to open and close a valve port (flow passage), but such an electrode valve has an extremely complicated structure and is difficult to adjust.
The solenoid valve of the present invention is much simpler in structure and adjustment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the solenoid valve of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an embodiment of a circuit diagram of the solenoid valve of the present invention, FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the same circuit diagram, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the electromagnetic valve of FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment. 11 ... Yoke, 13 ... Suction element, 14 ... Electromagnetic coil, 15 ...
… Spring, 16 …… Non-magnetic ring, 17 …… Permanent magnet, 18
...... Valve body, 20 ...... First flow path, 21 ...... Valve body, 22 ...... Second flow path

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A first chamber having an electromagnetic coil covered with a yoke and an attractor forming a magnetic circuit together with the yoke,
A ring made of a non-magnetic material provided between the yoke and the suction element, and a second chamber connected to the first chamber and having a valve body and a valve body. Having a first flow path and a second flow path and being screwed to the second chamber,
The valve body is a solenoid valve which has a permanent magnet magnetized in the axial direction of the suction element on the suction element side, is movable in the vertical direction, and is always spring-biased to the valve seat side.