JP3904663B2 - Magnetic adsorption holding device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a magnetic adsorption / holding device that uses a permanent magnet and an electromagnet to magnetically attract and hold a magnetic material so as to be released.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one of the devices for repeatedly adsorbing and releasing a magnetic material, a cup-shaped yoke, an iron core that defines an attracting surface for adsorbing the magnetic material in cooperation with the yoke, and the yoke and the iron core in the yoke There is a magnetic adsorption / holding device including one or more permanent magnets arranged between and an excitation coil that causes a magnetic field to selectively switch the attraction surface between an excited state and a non-excited state on an iron core (for example, Akira Akira) 59-164216, JP-A-2-261179).
[0003]
In this type of magnetic adsorption holding device, the iron core has a flange portion, and is arranged in the yoke so as to form a magnetic gap between the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion and the inner peripheral surface of the yoke. Has been. In such a magnetic adsorption holding device, generally, after all the assembly is completed and the gap is filled with a synthetic resin (that is, finally), machining is performed to make the adsorption surface the same flat surface. Is called.
[0004]
In this type of magnetic adsorption holding device, when an alnico magnet material or a ferrite magnet material is used as the permanent magnet material, the permanent magnet material can be assembled before being magnetized to perform machining of the adsorption surface.
[0005]
However, when a rare earth metal magnet material is used as a permanent magnet material, since the holding power of the rare earth metal magnet itself is very large, a magnetic field several times greater than that of a ferrite magnet material acts on the magnet material when magnetized. Otherwise, the magnet material will not be magnetized uniformly. For this reason, when a rare earth metal magnet material is used, in order to uniformly magnetize the magnet material after it is assembled in the device, a device after the assembly is completed in consideration of the magnetic field that passes through the magnetic material other than the magnet material. Must act on.
[0006]
For this reason, when using rare earth metal magnet materials, it is not possible to adopt a manufacturing method in which magnet materials are magnetized after the assembly of the device is completed and the processing of the attracting surface is completed, and magnetized magnet materials are used. The assembly of the device and the machining of the suction surface must be done.
[0007]
However, if a magnet material pre-magnetized is used, a strong magnetic force is generated on the attracting surface after assembly. Therefore, if the attracting surface machine is processed in that state, cutting scraps and polishing scraps generated during machining are generated. Such a magnetic powder is adsorbed on the adsorption surface, which causes a disadvantage that the adsorption surface cannot be precisely finished.
[0008]
In addition, the magnetic adsorption holding device using a cup-shaped yoke has a structure in which it is difficult to adjust the permeance of the magnetic gap between the flange portion and the yoke at the time of assembly or after machining. In some cases, due to variations in processing accuracy of parts, the attracting surface cannot be completely de-energized even if a predetermined exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved]
An object of the present invention is to provide a structure in which an attracting surface can be processed in a state where a magnetic force does not act even when a pre-magnetized magnet material is used, and the permeance of a magnetic gap can be adjusted during assembly. is there.
[0010]
[Solution, action and effect]
The magnetic attraction holding device of the present invention includes an electromagnet assembly having a magnetic attraction surface at one end, a yoke assembled at the other end of the electromagnet assembly, and one or more disposed between the electromagnet assembly and the yoke. Including permanent magnets. The electromagnet assembly has a cylindrical member magnetically connected to the yoke, an iron core disposed in the cylindrical member, and has one end forming an adsorption surface in cooperation with the cylindrical member, and the cylindrical member; An iron core that jointly forms a magnetic gap, and an exciting coil that is disposed between the cylindrical member and the iron core and selectively switches the attracting surface between an excited state and a non-excited state. In the permanent magnet, one magnetic pole is magnetically connected to the yoke and the other magnetic pole is magnetically connected to the other end of the iron core. The magnetic attraction holding device further includes an adjustment member made of a magnetic material disposed on the electromagnet assembly or the yoke to adjust the permeance of the magnetic gap.
[0011]
If the electromagnet assembly, the yoke, and the permanent magnet are independent separate members, they can be assembled separately and then assembled into a magnetic attraction / holding device. For this reason, the attracting surface can be machined without being affected by the permanent magnet. Also, the permeance of the magnetic gap can be adjusted when assembling the magnetic adsorption holding device.
[0012]
As described above, according to the present invention, the electromagnet assembly, the yoke, and the permanent magnet are divided, and the yoke is assembled on the side opposite to the attracting surface of the electromagnet assembly in a state where the permanent magnet is magnetically connected to the iron core and the yoke. Therefore, the attracting surface can be processed in a state where no magnetic force is exerted on the attracting surface, and the permeance of the magnetic gap can be adjusted at the time of assembling into the apparatus.
[0013]
The adjusting member may be disposed in the magnetic gap, or may be disposed in the yoke so that the amount of protrusion to the magnetic gap can be adjusted.
[0014]
In the former case, the permeance of the magnetic air gap can be adjusted by changing the adjusting member to a member having a different magnetic characteristic or size and adjusting the total magnetic characteristics of the adjusting member in the magnetic air gap. In the latter case, the permeance of the magnetic gap can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the adjusting member into the magnetic gap.
[0015]
The yoke can be assembled to the electromagnet assembly by one or more screw members. The iron core has a flange portion that forms a magnetic gap in cooperation with the cylindrical member at the other end, and in the axial direction of the cylindrical member by an iron core support member disposed between the cylindrical member and the iron core. It can be maintained in the center.
[0016]
In a preferred embodiment, the yoke includes a plate-like member having a recess in which a permanent magnet is disposed, and this plate-like member is magnetically connected to the other end surface of the tubular member and the permanent magnet.
[0017]
In another preferred embodiment, the yoke includes a plate-like member disposed inside the other end of the cylindrical member, and the plate-like member is magnetically connected to the inner surface of the other end of the cylindrical member and the permanent magnet. Has been.
[0018]
In still another preferred embodiment, the yoke includes a cylindrical body following the other end of the cylindrical member, and a plate-like member disposed in the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body is the other end surface of the cylindrical member. The plate-like member is magnetically connected to the inner surface of the cylindrical body and the permanent magnet.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1, a magnetic adsorption holding device 10 includes an electromagnet assembly 14 having a magnetic gap 12 therein, a yoke 16 assembled to the electromagnet assembly 14, and between the electromagnet assembly 14 and the yoke 16. And one or more permanent magnets 18 and an adjusting member 20 made of a magnetic material for adjusting the permeance of the magnetic gap 12.
[0020]
In the electromagnet assembly 14, an iron core 24 is arranged inside a cylindrical member 22 formed in a cylindrical shape with a magnetic material, an exciting coil 26 is arranged between the cylindrical member 22 and the iron core 24, and the iron core 24 is annular. The steel core support member 28 maintains the cylindrical member 22 in a predetermined position. These members are integrally coupled by a synthetic resin 30 filled in a space below the support member 28.
[0021]
The iron core 24 has substantially the same axial length as the axial length of the cylindrical member 22. At one end of the iron core 24, a magnetic attraction surface 34 that adsorbs the magnetic body 32 so as to be released is formed in cooperation with one end of the cylindrical member 22. The iron core 24 has an outward flange portion 36 on the outer periphery of the other end. The outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 36 forms the magnetic gap 12 together with the upper inner surface of the cylindrical member 22.
[0022]
The exciting coil 26 is disposed substantially at the center in the axial direction of the iron core 24. Supply of power to the exciting coil 24 is performed via the cable 38. The cable 38 is attached to the cylindrical member 22 by a fixture 40.
[0023]
The yoke 16 is formed in a plate shape from a magnetic material. The yoke 16 has a shallow recess 42 that accommodates the permanent magnet 18 formed on one side, and a screw hole 44 that opens on the other side and extends in the thickness direction.
[0024]
The yoke 16 is on the side opposite to the attracting surface 34 of the electromagnet assembly 14 by one or more screw members 46 penetrating the yoke 16 in the thickness direction with the recess 42 side being the electromagnet assembly 14 side. It is assembled to. Thus, the yoke 16 is magnetically connected to the end surface of the cylindrical member 22 and forms a cup-shaped case in cooperation with the cylindrical member 22. The screw member 46 is screwed into the flange portion 36 of the iron core 24.
[0025]
The permanent magnet 18 is formed in a plate shape from a rare earth metal magnet material having a high holding force, and is magnetized in the thickness direction. The permanent magnet 18 is disposed in the recess 42 of the yoke 16 so that one magnetic pole surface is in contact with the iron core 24 and the other magnetic pole surface is in contact with the yoke 16.
[0026]
As long as the magnetic pole face is magnetically connected to the iron core 24 and the yoke 16, the permanent magnet 18 does not have to be in direct contact with the iron core 24 and the yoke 16. The permanent magnet 18 may be made of an alnico magnet material or a ferrite magnet material.
[0027]
The adjusting member 20 is formed in an annular shape from a magnetic material, and is disposed between the upper inner surface of the cylindrical member 22 and the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 34. The permeance of the magnetic gap 12 changes the total magnetic characteristics of the adjustment member 20 in the magnetic gap 12 by changing the adjustment member 20 to a member having a different dimension such as a cross-sectional area or magnetic characteristics. It can be adjusted by doing.
[0028]
The magnetic adsorption holding device 10 can be assembled into the magnetic adsorption holding device by separately manufacturing the electromagnet assembly 14, the yoke 16, the permanent magnet 18 and the adjusting member 20 and assembling them as shown in the figure. For this reason, the adsorption surface 34 can be machined without being subjected to the action of a permanent magnet before being assembled to the magnetic adsorption holding device 10. Further, the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 can be adjusted when the yoke 16 is assembled to the electromagnet assembly 14.
[0029]
The magnetic adsorption holding device 10 can employ one of two types of usage depending on the permeance of the magnetic gap 12. The attracting surface 34 determines whether to supply the exciting current to the exciting coil 26 and reverses the direction of the exciting current to be supplied to the exciting coil 26. Can be selectively switched to a non-excited state that can be released.
[0030]
In the first method of use in which the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 is adjusted to a relatively small value, the magnetic body 32 is attracted to the attracting surface 34 and the excitation coil 26 is energized in a state where the excitation coil 26 is not energized. In this way, the magnetic body 32 is released.
[0031]
In the case of the first usage method, in a state where the excitation coil 26 is not energized, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 18 passes through the attracting surface 34 and the attracting surface 34 is in an excited state. On the other hand, when an exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 26 so that the direction of the magnetic flux from the electromagnet assembly 14 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 18, Since the magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the electromagnet assembly 14 are in opposite directions, the attracting surface 34 is placed in a non-excited state.
[0032]
The second method of using the magnetic gap 12 with its permeance adjusted to a relatively large value is to apply an excitation current in the opposite direction to the exciting coil 26 when the attracting surface is in an excited state and in a non-excited state. It is a supply method.
[0033]
In the second usage method, when an exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 26 so that the direction of the magnetic flux from the electromagnet assembly 14 is the same as the direction of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 18, it tends to pass through the adsorption / adsorption surface 34. Since the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 18 and the magnetic flux of the electromagnet assembly 14 are in the same direction, the attracting surface 34 is placed in an excited state. On the other hand, when an exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 26 so that the direction of the magnetic flux from the electromagnet assembly 14 is opposite to the direction of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 18, Since the magnetic flux and the magnetic flux of the electromagnet assembly 14 are in opposite directions, the attracting surface 34 is placed in a non-excited state.
[0034]
The first method of use with relatively small permeance of the magnetic air gap 12 is that the attracting force of the attracting surface is large when the exciting coil 26 is not energized (when the attracting surface is in the excited state), but the attracting surface 34 is not used. Excitation current and power for keeping the excitation state are increased. Therefore, the amount of electric power when maintaining the attracting surface 34 in a non-excited state for a long time or frequently increases.
[0035]
On the other hand, in the second usage method in which the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 is relatively large, the attracting force of the attracting surface is small when the exciting coil 26 is not energized, but the exciting current when the attracting surface is kept in the non-excited state. Since the attracting surface is brought into an excited state by supplying an excitation continuous current of approximately the same size and in the opposite direction to the exciting coil, the attracting force of the attracting surface at that time increases.
[0036]
In addition, when the excitation current value in the second usage method is set to one half of the excitation current in the first usage method, if both excitation coils are the same, the excitation voltage in the second method is used. May be one-half that of the first usage, and power used in the second usage may be one-fourth that of the first usage. For this reason, when the energization time in the second usage method is less than four times that in the first usage method, the amount of power used in the second usage method is smaller than that in the first usage method.
[0037]
Further, in the case of a device having a relatively large permeance of the magnetic air gap 12, such as a device used in the second usage method, a third usage method in which no excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil when the attracting surface is in an excited state. There is also.
[0038]
In the third usage method, the attracting force of the attracting surface is small when the exciting coil 26 is not energized (when the attracting surface is in the excited state), but the amount of power used is larger than that of the first and second utilization methods. Become smaller. Therefore, in the case of an apparatus in which the permeance of the magnetic air gap 12 is relatively large, the second or third utilization method can be adopted depending on the necessary attraction force.
[0039]
As described above, the magnetic adsorption / holding device 10 takes into account the electric power and the electric energy under the use conditions, and the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 is adjusted so that the adsorption surface 34 is in a completely non-excited state. The first usage device or the second and third usage devices are completed. Using so that the amount of power used is reduced not only saves energy, but also prevents troubles due to temperature rise of the apparatus.
[0040]
Referring to FIG. 2, in the magnetic attraction holding device 50, the length dimension of the cylindrical member 54 of the electromagnet assembly 52 is made larger than that of the iron core 24, and the flat yoke 56 is connected to the inside of the upper end portion of the cylindrical member 54. The yoke 56 is magnetically connected to the upper inner surface of the cylindrical member 54.
[0041]
The magnetic gap 12 is formed by the outer peripheral surface of the flange portion 36 and the inner surface of the corresponding portion of the cylindrical member 54. The yoke 56 does not have a recess for housing the permanent magnet 18. However, the permanent magnet 18 is disposed between the iron core 24 and the yoke 56.
[0042]
The magnetic suction holding device 50 has the same operations and effects as the magnetic suction holding device 10. Therefore, the magnetic adsorption holding device 50 is completed as a device for the first, second, or third usage by adjusting the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 during assembly.
[0043]
Referring to FIG. 3, the magnetic adsorption holding device 60 uses the same electromagnet assembly 14 and permanent magnet 18 as the device 10 shown in FIG. 1, but a yoke 62 and an adjustment member different from the yoke 16 and the adjustment member 20 of the device 10. 64 is used.
[0044]
The yoke 62 includes a cylindrical member 66 made of a magnetic material following the other end of the cylindrical member 22, and a plate member 68 made of a magnetic material disposed in the cylindrical member 66. The cylindrical body 66 is magnetically connected to the other end surface of the cylindrical member 22, and the plate-like member 68 is magnetically connected to the inner surface of the cylindrical body 66 and the permanent magnet 18.
[0045]
The plate-like body 68 has a cutout portion 70 continuous on the outer periphery of the lower portion thereof, and the tubular body 66 has a plurality of holes 72 communicating with the cutout portion 70 in the lower portion. The notch 70 forms a space between the cylindrical body 66 and the plate-shaped body 68 having a width dimension substantially the same as the width dimension of the magnetic gap 12 in the radial direction. For this reason, the lower part of the plate-like body 68 has substantially the same external dimensions as the external dimensions of the flange portion 36 of the iron core 24. The holes 72 are elongated holes that are long in the axial direction of the device 60, and are arranged at equiangular intervals around the axis of the device 60.
[0046]
The adjustment member 64 is formed into a belt-shaped ring from a belt-shaped member made of a magnetic material having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. The adjustment member 64 is disposed in the cutout portion 70 so as to be able to enter and exit the magnetic gap 12, and has a plate shape so that the amount of protrusion to the magnetic gap 12 can be adjusted by a set screw 74 at a portion corresponding to each hole 72. It is attached to the body 68.
[0047]
In the magnetic adsorption holding device 60, the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the adjustment member 64 to the magnetic gap 12. This adjustment can be performed using the hole 72 without separating the yoke 62 from the electromagnet assembly 14 even after the apparatus is completed.
[0048]
As a result, according to the device 60, any of the first, second, and third usage methods described above can be adopted, and the suction surface 34 can be used when a predetermined excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil. The permeance of the magnetic air gap 12 can be adjusted so as to be in a completely non-excited state.
[0049]
Referring to FIG. 4, the magnetic attraction holding device 80 uses a member in which the cylindrical member 22 and the cylindrical body 66 in the device 60 shown in FIG. 3 are integrated as a cylindrical member 84 of the electromagnet assembly 82. 86, a member having the same shape as the plate member 68 in the apparatus 60 shown in FIG. Further, the device 80 uses the same adjustment member 64 as the adjustment member in the device 60 shown in FIG.
[0050]
The cylindrical member 84 of the electromagnet assembly 82 has a plurality of holes 72 in the upper portion thereof that communicate with the notches 70 formed in the lower outer periphery of the yoke 86. The adjusting member 64 is disposed in the notch 70 so as to be able to enter and exit the magnetic gap 12, and the yoke 86 can adjust the amount of protrusion to the magnetic gap 12 by a set screw 74 at a portion corresponding to each hole 72. Is attached.
[0051]
The magnetic adsorption holding device 80 can also adjust the permeance of the magnetic gap 12 by adjusting the amount of protrusion of the adjusting member 64 to the magnetic gap 12. Further, this adjustment can be performed using the hole 72 without separating the yoke 86 from the electromagnet assembly 82 even after the apparatus is completed.
[0052]
Therefore, according to the device 80, any of the first, second, and third usage methods described above can be adopted, and the suction surface 34 is completely non-conductive when a predetermined excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil. The permeance of the magnetic air gap 12 can be adjusted so as to be in an excited state.
[0053]
In each of the above embodiments, each member formed of a magnetic material and acting as a magnetic path is manufactured from a ferromagnetic material.
[0054]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the cylindrical member of the electromagnet assembly may be a polygonal cylinder.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a magnetic adsorption holding device of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the magnetic adsorption holding device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a third embodiment of the magnetic adsorption holding device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the magnetic adsorption holding device of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 50, 60, 80 Magnetic adsorption holding device 12 Magnetic gap 14, 52, 82 Electromagnet assembly 16, 56, 62, 86 Yoke 18 Permanent magnet 20, 64 Adjustment member 22, 54, 84 Cylindrical member 24 Iron core 26 Excitation coil 28 Support member 30 Synthetic resin 32 Magnetic body 34 Magnetic attraction surface 36 Flange portion 38 Cable 40 Mounting tool 42 Recess 44 Screw hole 46 Screw member 72 Hole 74 Set screw

Claims (4)

  An electromagnet assembly having a magnetic attracting surface at one end, a yoke assembled at the other end of the electromagnet assembly, and one or more permanent magnets disposed between the electromagnet assembly and the yoke; The electromagnet assembly has a cylindrical member magnetically connected to the yoke, and an iron core disposed in the cylindrical member, and has one end that forms the attraction surface in cooperation with the cylindrical member. And an iron core that forms a magnetic gap in cooperation with the cylindrical member, and an exciting coil that is disposed between the cylindrical member and the iron core and selectively switches the attraction surface between an excited state and a non-excited state. The permanent magnet is magnetically connected with one magnetic pole to the yoke and the other magnetic pole to the other end of the iron core, and the magnetic attraction holding device further includes permeance of the magnetic air gap. To adjust the above It includes a magnet assembly or adjustment member made of a magnetic material and disposed on the yoke, a magnetic suction holding device.   The magnetic adsorption holding device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment member is disposed in the magnetic gap.   The magnetic attraction holding device according to claim 1, wherein the adjustment member is disposed on the yoke so as to be able to adjust a protruding amount to the magnetic gap.   The magnetic attraction / holding device according to claim 1, wherein the yoke is assembled to the electromagnet assembly by one or more screw members.

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