JPH0647793A - Extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an extruder, by which the degree of kneading a material can be adjusted by a simple method, and a uniform kneading process can be obtained, even during the operation of the extruder. CONSTITUTION:A kneading rotor 5 with grooves provided in a radial manner from a screw shaft on both ends is installed in the measurement part of a screw 1, and a barrel is split into a fixed barrel 2 and a mobile barrel 4 in a part where this kneading rotor 5 is stored. Further, the mobile barrel 4 is introduced in the extended diametral part 3 of the fixed barrel 2 in a slidable manner, and both barrels 2, 4 are connected with an adjustment bolt 8. In this extruder, the mobile barrel 4 is moved in an axial direction against the fixed barrel by rotation of the adjustment bolt 8. Thus it is possible to adjust the width of space 6 in front of the kneading rotor 5.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an extruder capable of adjusting the kneading degree of materials during operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an extruder capable of adjusting the kneading degree of materials, various extruders are known. For example, Japanese Patent Publication 2-9
In the extruder described in Japanese Patent No. 2 publication, a plurality of rotating discs having a diameter larger than that of the screw flight are attached in the middle of the screw, fixed discs are provided between the rotating discs, and these discs are provided on and around them. The kneading action and the propulsive force are given to the material passing through the gap in combination with the action of the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion of the barrel provided.

Further, in the extruder described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-92516, a part of the barrel is replaced with a blocking wall and a resin passage is provided in a part thereof, and the cross-sectional area of this resin passage is determined by a valve device. I am trying to adjust it.

Further, in the extruder described in JP-A-62-221524, ring valves for adjusting the longitudinal and radial gaps between the screw and the barrel are provided in two stages, and the screw is moved forward and backward. The kneading degree is adjusted by moving and adjusting the gap size.

[0005]

However, the kneading degree adjusting device in the above extruder has the following problems.

First, in the extruder described in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 2-92, it is necessary to disassemble the barrel and the screw for adjustment, so that the kneading degree cannot be adjusted during the operation of the extruder. Absent.

Further, in the extruder described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-92516, retention of the material is apt to occur structurally, and particularly in the case of a resin having poor thermal stability such as a vinyl chloride resin, it is often the case. There is a problem of thermal decomposition.

Further, in the extruder described in JP-A-62-221524, since the screw itself is moved back and forth, the structure of the drive system and the like becomes complicated and there are many maintenance problems.

The present invention solves the above problems, and the degree of kneading in the extruder can be adjusted while the extruder is in operation. The structure for the above adjustment is simple, the maintenance is easy, and the kneading is performed. It is an object of the present invention to provide an extruder in which a material does not stay in the degree adjusting unit and thermally decompose.

[0010]

In the extruder of the present invention, a screw is provided in the barrel, and the barrel is divided into two or more parts at the tip part or the measuring part of the screw, and at least one or more barrels are At least one of the kneading rotors, which is slidably engaged with the adjacent barrels, is provided at the divided position of the barrels coaxially with the screw and has a cylindrical or truncated cone shape having a diameter larger than the flight of the screw. On the surface of the kneading rotor is provided with a plurality of grooves radially from the axis of the screw, and the end surface of the divided barrel is provided substantially parallel to one surface of the kneading rotor. The barrel space width on the side provided with is adjustable.

The present invention is not limited to a single-screw extruder, but can be applied to a twin-screw extruder.

The extruder of the present invention can be particularly suitably applied to a material such as vinyl chloride resin whose physical properties change greatly depending on the degree of kneading, but the applicable material is thermoplastic. The present invention is not limited to the resin, but can be similarly applied to a thermosetting resin. It can also be effectively used for kneading inorganic materials such as cement compounds.

[0013]

In the extruder of the present invention, the kneading of the material is performed by the shearing that the material receives in the barrel space in which the kneading rotor is accommodated. Therefore, the kneading degree of the material is determined by the groove of the kneading rotor. By varying the side barrel space width, the amount of shear experienced by the material is varied and adjusted.

Further, due to the existence of the radial grooves provided on the end surface of the kneading rotor, a radial flow, an expanding flow and a contracting flow of the material are generated, and as a result, the material is kneaded more uniformly.

[0015]

EXAMPLES Examples of the extruder of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of the extruder of the present invention applied to a single screw extruder, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a kneading rotor used in the extruder of FIG. In FIG. 1, 1
Is a screw, 2 is a fixed barrel, 3 is a diameter expansion part of the fixed barrel, 4 is a moving barrel, 5 is a kneading rotor, and 9 is a material discharge port.

The moving barrel 4 forms the tip of the extruder barrel, one end of which is slidably inserted into the expanded diameter portion 3 and is fixed at a predetermined position by an adjusting bolt 8 so that the barrel for accommodating the kneading rotor can be obtained. A space 6 is formed. A seal ring 7 is attached to the flange 41 at the end of the moving barrel 4 and abuts the inner peripheral surface of the expanded diameter portion 3 to seal the material.

The width of the barrel space 6 is adjusted by an adjusting bolt 8. When the adjusting bolt 8 is turned, the collar portion 41 of the moving barrel 4 slides on the inner peripheral surface of the expanded diameter portion 3,
The width of the barrel space 6 can be changed. In this way, the width of the barrel space 6 can be adjusted without disassembling the barrel or the like.

The kneading rotor 5 is attached to the measuring portion of the screw 1 coaxially with the screw 1, and the storage space 6 is provided.
It is stored inside. The kneading rotor 5 is composed of a disc-shaped body 51 having a diameter larger than that of the flight of the screw 1.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, eight grooves 52 and 53 are radially formed on both end surfaces thereof, respectively.

When the moving barrel 4, the kneading rotor 5 and the like are installed, the expanding portion 3 is removed from the fixed barrel 2, the kneading rotor 5 is first attached to the screw 1, and then the moving barrel 4 is attached to the expanding portion 3. With the collar portion 41 still inserted, the expanded diameter portion 3 is attached to the surface of the collar 21 of the fixed barrel 2 by bolts or the like.

The insertion position of the collar portion 41 of the movable barrel 4 may be adjusted before or after the mounting. In the above-mentioned kneading rotor 5, a plurality of grooves 52 and 53 are provided on both sides of the disk-shaped body 51, but this may be provided on only one side.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the moving side barrel 4
It is preferable to provide a plurality of grooves 42 on the end surface of the collar 41 because the kneading of the material is further improved.

The operation of the above extruder will be described by taking the case of using a thermoplastic resin as a material.

The thermoplastic resin supplied from a hopper (not shown) (on the right side of FIG. 1) is transferred by a screw-1 and heated by a heater (not shown) provided in the barrel 2 and gradually melted. It is sent to the barrel space 6 in front of the kneading rotor 5 through the gap between the kneading rotor 5 and the expanded diameter portion 3. Here, the thermoplastic resin is kneaded by the shearing action of the kneading rotor 5 and the surface of the collar 41 of the moving barrel 4.

The degree of kneading is adjusted by turning the adjusting bolt 8 to move the moving barrel 4 and adjusting the width of the barrel space 6.

Also, the grooves 52, 5 on the end surface of the kneading rotor 5
3 and the groove 42 on the end face of the collar 41 cause a radial flow, an expansion flow, and a contraction flow in the resin, so that the kneading action is made more uniform. Since the grooves 52, 53 of the kneading rotor 5 are radially provided from the vicinity of the center of the surface in the radial direction, the rotation of the screw 1 and the kneading rotor 5 imparts a twist to the radial flow, and the kneading rotor 5 upstream (Fig. 1
On the right side), a propulsive force that causes the thermoplastic resin to flow outward is provided, and on the downstream side of the kneading rotor 5 (the space 6 on the left side in FIG. 1), a propulsive force that causes the thermoplastic resin to flow inward is provided. As a result, the retention of the thermoplastic resin can be prevented, which is particularly effective when using a material having poor thermal stability. When a hard vinyl chloride compound was used as the thermoplastic resin, it was possible to knead uniformly without thermal decomposition.

Next, an extruder according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a main part of another embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of the kneading rotor used in the extruder of FIG. In FIG. 4, 1a is a screw,
2a is a fixed barrel, 4a is a moving barrel, 5a is a kneading rotor, and 9a is a material discharge port.

The moving barrel 4a forms the tip of the extruder barrel, and one end thereof is the tip 22 of the fixed barrel 2.
It is slidably fitted into a and fixed at a predetermined position by an adjusting bolt 8a to form a barrel space 6a for accommodating the kneading rotor. 7a is a seal ring, and the fixed barrel 2a
It is attached to the tip portion 22a of the above and contacts the inner peripheral surface of the moving barrel 4a to seal the material.

The width of the barrel space 6a is adjusted by the adjusting bolt 8a. The adjusting bolt 8a is screwed into the screw hole of the collar 21a provided on the fixed barrel 2a, and the tip is screwed to the collar 41a of the moving barrel 4a. If the adjusting bolt 8a is turned, the inside of the tip of the moving barrel 4a The peripheral surface slides on the outer peripheral surface of the tip portion 22a of the fixed barrel 2a, and the width of the barrel space 6a can be changed. In this way, the width of the barrel space 6a can be adjusted without disassembling the barrel or the like.

The kneading rotor 5a is mounted coaxially with the screw 1a at the tip of the screw 1a and is housed in the housing space 6a. This kneading rotor 5a is composed of a truncated cone, and as shown in FIG.
Eight grooves 52a are radially formed in 1a.

The operation of the above extruder will be described with reference to the case where a thermoplastic resin is used as a material.

The thermoplastic resin supplied from a hopper (not shown) is heated along with being transferred along the screw-1a and subjected to a shearing force by the screw-1a, and is gradually melted to form a conical portion 51a of the kneading rotor 5a. It is transferred to the gap 61a between the inner surface of the moving barrel 4a and the conical portion 51a. The thermoplastic resin transferred here is strongly kneaded in this portion by a strong shearing action by the rotation of the kneading rotor 5a. The degree of kneading is adjusted by rotating the adjusting bolt 8a and slidingly moving the moving barrel 4a.
The gap 61a is adjusted by changing the width of "a" for adjustment. When a polyethylene resin composition was used as the thermoplastic resin, a homogeneous kneaded product could be obtained.

[0033]

As described above, in the extruder of the present invention, the extruder can be adjusted to a desired kneading degree for a wide range of materials such as thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins and inorganic material blends. The operation can be easily performed during the operation of, and the material does not stay in the kneading portion and is not thermally decomposed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of an extruder of the present invention.

2 is an explanatory view of a kneading rotor used in the extruder of FIG. 1, FIG. 2 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 2 (b).
FIG. 3B is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG.

3 is a front view of a moving barrel of the extruder of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another example of the extruder of the present invention.

5 is a front view of a kneading rotor used in the extruder of FIG. 4. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 1a Screw 2, 2a Fixed barrel 3 Expanded part of fixed barrel 4, 4a Moving barrel 5, 5a Kneading rotor 52, 52a, 53 Groove 6, 6a Space for kneading rotor storage 8, 8a Adjustment bolt

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A screw is provided in a barrel, and the barrel is divided into two or more parts at a screw tip or a metering part, and at least one or more barrels are slidably engaged with adjacent barrels. , One or more cylindrical or frusto-conical kneading rotors having a diameter larger than the flight of the screw are provided at the dividing position of the barrel, and a plurality of kneading rotors are radially provided from at least one surface of the kneading rotor from the axis of the screw. The divided barrel end surface is provided approximately parallel to one surface of the kneading rotor, and the barrel space width on the grooved side of the kneading rotor is adjusted by sliding the barrel. An extruder characterized in that it is possible.