JPH0644969B2 - Combustible particle removal device - Google Patents
Combustible particle removal deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0644969B2 JPH0644969B2 JP22715288A JP22715288A JPH0644969B2 JP H0644969 B2 JPH0644969 B2 JP H0644969B2 JP 22715288 A JP22715288 A JP 22715288A JP 22715288 A JP22715288 A JP 22715288A JP H0644969 B2 JPH0644969 B2 JP H0644969B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- filter
- combustible
- electrode
- fine particles
- opening
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンやボイラーの排ガスに含
まれる黒煙等の焼却可能な微粒子を捕集し、かつ、通電
により焼却するフィルターを備えた装置に関するもので
ある。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial field of application) The present invention has a filter for collecting incinerable fine particles such as black smoke contained in exhaust gas of a diesel engine or a boiler, and incinerating by energization. It relates to the device.
（従来技術およびその問題点） ディーゼルエンジンやボイラーの排ガスに含まれる黒煙
やたばこの煙など、空気中に浮遊する燃焼性の微粒子を
フィルターを用いて除去する場合、限界以上に微粒子を
捕捉し目詰まりしたフィルターは、新しいものと交換す
るか、あるいは、捕捉した微粒子を何らかの方法で除去
して再生する必要がある。フィルターを再生する１つの
方法として絶縁材料で作ったフィルターに電極を取付
け、電極が導電性の微粒子を介して導通したとき、直接
導通で発生した熱を利用して微粒子を焼却する方法があ
る（特開昭57−203812）。第１図はこの原理により従来
技術の一例で、全体がポーラス状の物質から成る絶縁状
材料のフィルターに電極棒を生め込んだものであるが、
第１図中に示す広い部分にわたって、堆積した微粒子の
電気導通による焼却が不可能で、目詰まりを解消するこ
とが困難となる。第２図も、従来技術の他の実施例を示
したもので、絶縁材料でできたフィルターの両端面に電
極を配置したものであるがこの場合、フィルターの入気
側端面近くに微粒子が堆積しやすいため、電極間が導通
する前に目詰まりを起こしやすい。これを解消しようと
して、電極間の電圧を上げると、局所的に過大な電流が
流れ、フィルターを損壊させてしまう。(Prior art and its problems) When removing combustible fine particles suspended in the air, such as black smoke and cigarette smoke contained in diesel engine and boiler exhaust gas, with a filter, trap the fine particles more than the limit. A clogged filter needs to be replaced with a new one, or trapped particulates must be removed in some way for regeneration. One method of regenerating a filter is to attach an electrode to a filter made of an insulating material and, when the electrode is conducted through conductive fine particles, incinerate the fine particles by utilizing heat generated by direct conduction ( JP-A-57-203812). FIG. 1 is an example of a conventional technique based on this principle, in which an electrode rod is embedded in a filter made of an insulating material entirely made of a porous substance.
It is impossible to incinerate the deposited fine particles over a wide area shown in FIG. 1 by electrical conduction, and it becomes difficult to eliminate the clogging. FIG. 2 also shows another embodiment of the prior art in which electrodes are arranged on both end faces of a filter made of an insulating material. In this case, fine particles are deposited near the end face on the intake side of the filter. Since it is easy to do so, clogging easily occurs before the electrodes are electrically connected. If the voltage between the electrodes is increased in an attempt to eliminate this, an excessively large current locally flows and the filter is damaged.
（問題を解決するための手段） 本発明は、前記の問題点を克服するためになされたもの
で、（ｉ）中央に開口を有し、半径方向に微細ガス通路
を有する不燃性でかつ電気絶縁性材料からなる外周端面
が入気面に及び開口周端面が排気面に形成されたフィル
ター層と中央に開口を有する不燃性でかつ導電性材料か
らなる電極層とを交互に積層させた積層構造体と、（i
i）隣接する前記電極層間に電圧を印加する電気回路を
備えたことを特徴とする燃焼性微粒子除去装置を提供す
るものである。(Means for Solving the Problem) The present invention has been made to overcome the above-mentioned problems, and is (i) a nonflammable and electrically non-combustible material having an opening in the center and a fine gas passage in the radial direction. Laminated layers in which a filter layer having an outer peripheral end surface made of an insulating material on the inlet surface and an opening peripheral end surface formed on the exhaust surface and an electrode layer made of a non-combustible conductive material having an opening in the center are alternately laminated. Structure and (i
i) A device for removing combustible particles, comprising an electric circuit for applying a voltage between the adjacent electrode layers.
本発明の原理を図面によって示すと、第３図において、
１はフィルター、２はフィルター内部もしくはフィルタ
ーに接して配置した一方の電極、３は他方の電極であ
る。第３図上面より燃焼性微粒子を含む気体を流すと、
フィルター１には、４に示すように、入気面に近い側か
らしだいに微粒子が堆積してくる。この時、隣り合う電
極間に電圧をかけておくことにより、微粒子を介して導
通が起こり、この電流によって発生する熱で微粒子は焼
却される。この後、微粒子の焼却により導通は断たれ、
電流による熱の発生も停止する。本発明では、電極がフ
ィルターの入気面から排気面にかけて貫通しており連続
して設置されているので、微粒子がフィルターのどの部
分に堆積しても、前記の微粒子を介しての導通、それに
よる微粒子の焼却が実現される。The principle of the present invention is shown by the drawing in FIG.
Reference numeral 1 is a filter, 2 is one electrode disposed inside the filter or in contact with the filter, and 3 is the other electrode. When a gas containing combustible particles is flowed from the upper surface of FIG. 3,
As shown by 4, fine particles are gradually deposited on the filter 1 from the side close to the inlet surface. At this time, by applying a voltage between the adjacent electrodes, conduction occurs via the fine particles, and the fine particles are incinerated by the heat generated by this current. After this, the incineration of the fine particles interrupted conduction,
The generation of heat due to the electric current is also stopped. In the present invention, since the electrode penetrates from the inlet surface of the filter to the exhaust surface and is continuously installed, even if any part of the filter is deposited on the filter, conduction through the above-mentioned part, Incineration of fine particles is realized.
実施例 第４図は、中央に開口を有し、不燃焼でかつ電気絶縁性
の平板状のフィルターと同じく中央に開口を有し、不燃
焼でかつ導電性の平板状電極を交互に積み上げて積層状
とし、フィルターをはさんで隣りあう電極間に電圧をか
けつつ、燃焼性微粒子を含む気体を積層面に平行に流し
て微粒子を捕捉、焼却できるようにした実施例である。Example 4 FIG. 4 shows an example of a non-combustible and electrically insulating flat-plate filter having an opening in the center, and an open-cell non-combustible and electrically-conductive flat electrode alternately stacked. This is an example in which the particles are laminated, and a gas containing combustible particles is flown in parallel to the lamination surface to capture and incinerate the particles while applying a voltage between the electrodes sandwiching the filter.
第４図中、１はフィルターで、２は電極である。フィル
ターは、半径方向に微細ガス通路を有する材料、例え
ば、耐熱性の高いシリカ繊維フィルターを第５図の１に
示すような中空円板型の形状にしたものである。また、
電極もフィルターと同じく中空円板型とし、形態として
は、第５図の２、３、４に示すような金網、パンチメタ
ル板、平板のいずれかを使用した。これらのフィルター
と電極を、第４図に示すように、一端を封じ側壁の随所
に小穴をあけたセラミック管３を中心にして積み上げ、
積層構造体とした。電極は、一つおきに電気的に結線
し、一方の組は非接地電極４、他方の組は接地電極５と
して、フィルターをはさんで隣りあう電極間に、20〜10
0Ｖの直流あるいは交流電圧を、３〜30秒周期で間欠的
に１〜20秒間かけた。In FIG. 4, 1 is a filter and 2 is an electrode. The filter is a material having fine gas passages in the radial direction, for example, a silica fiber filter having high heat resistance, which is formed into a hollow disk shape as shown in FIG. Also,
Like the filter, the electrode was also a hollow disk type, and the shape used was any one of a wire mesh, a punched metal plate, and a flat plate as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, these filters and electrodes are stacked around a ceramic tube 3 which is sealed at one end and has small holes everywhere on the side wall,
It was a laminated structure. Every other electrode is electrically connected. One set is the non-ground electrode 4 and the other set is the ground electrode 5, and 20 to 10
A DC or AC voltage of 0 V was intermittently applied for 1 to 20 seconds at a cycle of 3 to 30 seconds.
この状態で、ベンゼンを燃焼させ、黒煙を含む燃焼排ガ
スを第４図の入気口６より導入し、セラミック管３の開
口端７よりポンプ吸引することによって排ガスを積層構
造体の外周端面に接触させ、フィルターの外側から中心
軸方向へ流して、黒煙を捕捉するとともに、フィルター
の中心開口周端面を通って開口内に流出したガスは、こ
れを、その開口内に投入した周壁が多孔構造に形成され
たガス捕集用筒体３（セラミック管）により捕集した。
その結果、両電極間の電気抵抗が、測定不能な高抵抗状
態から100Ω以下にまで減少し、それとともに、電圧印
加直後、１〜５Ａの電流が流れ、黒煙が電流導通中、黄
褐色に光りだすまで加熱されて焼却されるようになっ
た。そして、電圧の印加を繰り返すことで黒煙の捕捉と
焼却が拮抗し、定常的な黒煙焼却が実現された。In this state, benzene is burned, and combustion exhaust gas containing black smoke is introduced from the air inlet 6 of FIG. 4 and pumped from the open end 7 of the ceramic tube 3 to exhaust the exhaust gas to the outer peripheral end surface of the laminated structure. The gas that has come into contact with the filter and flows in the direction of the central axis from the outside of the filter captures the black smoke, and the gas that has flown into the opening through the peripheral end face of the central opening of the filter is injected into the opening. The gas was collected by the gas collecting cylinder 3 (ceramic tube) formed in the structure.
As a result, the electrical resistance between both electrodes decreased from the unmeasurable high resistance state to 100Ω or less, and at the same time, a current of 1 to 5A flows immediately after the voltage was applied, and black smoke turned yellowish brown during the current conduction. It began to be heated and burned until it started to shine. Then, by repeating the application of the voltage, the capture of black smoke and the incineration competed with each other, and the steady incineration of black smoke was realized.
（発明の効果、用途） 本発明により、燃焼性微粒子の捕捉と焼却が随時行なわ
れ、しかも、微粒子の焼却がフィルター全域で可能なの
で、長期間、高い性能を維持することができる。(Effects and Uses of the Invention) According to the present invention, since the combustible fine particles are captured and incinerated at any time, and the fine particles can be incinerated throughout the filter, high performance can be maintained for a long period of time.
本発明は、ディーゼルエンジンやボイラーからの排ガス
に含まれる黒煙等、気体中に浮遊する燃焼性微粒子を除
去するための装置として好適である。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is suitable as an apparatus for removing combustible fine particles suspended in a gas, such as black smoke contained in exhaust gas from a diesel engine or a boiler.
第１図は、微粒子への通電を原理とする従来の微粒子除
去装置の一例である。 １：フィルター、２：電極 ３：微粒子の焼却が不可能な部分 第２図は、微粒子への通電を原理とする従来の微粒子除
去装置の他の例である。 １：フィルター、２、３：電極 ４：微粒子の焼却が不可能な部分 第３図は、本発明の燃焼性微粒子除去装置の断面図であ
る。 １：フィルター ２、３：フィルター内部もしくはフィルターに接して設
置した電極 ４：堆積した微粒子 第４図は、平板状のフィルターと電極を交互に積み上げ
て積層状にした実施例を示したものである。 １：フィルター、２：電極 ３：セラミック管、４：非接地電極 ５：接地電極、６：入気口 ７：セラミック管開口端（排気口） 第５図は、第４図に示した装置を構成するフィルターと
電極の形状および形態を示したものである。 １：フィルター ２、３、４：いずれも電極。それぞれ、金網、パンチメ
タル板、平板。FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional particle removing device based on the principle of energizing particles. 1: Filter, 2: Electrode 3: Part where incineration of fine particles is not possible FIG. 2 is another example of a conventional fine particle removing device based on the principle of energizing fine particles. 1: Filter, 2, 3: Electrode 4: Part where incineration of fine particles is not possible FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the combustible fine particle removing device of the present invention. 1: Filter 2, 3: Electrode installed inside the filter or in contact with the filter 4: Deposited fine particles Fig. 4 shows an example in which flat plate filters and electrodes are alternately stacked to form a laminate. . 1: Filter, 2: Electrode 3: Ceramic tube, 4: Non-grounded electrode, 5: Grounded electrode, 6: Inlet port 7: Ceramic tube open end (exhaust port) FIG. 5 shows the device shown in FIG. It shows the shape and form of the filters and electrodes that constitute them. 1: Filters 2, 3, 4: All are electrodes. Wire mesh, punched metal plate, and flat plate, respectively.
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大井 明彦 茨城県つくば市小野川16番３ 工業技術院 公害資源研究所内 (72)発明者 青山 兵五郎 茨城県つくば市小野川16番３ 工業技術院 公害資源研究所内 (72)発明者 大内 日出夫 茨城県つくば市小野川16番３ 工業技術院 公害資源研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭58−137425（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭59−127621（ＪＰ，Ａ)Front Page Continuation (72) Inventor Akihiko Oi 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki Institute of Industrial Science, Institute of Pollution Resources (72) Inventor Hyogoro Aoyama 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki Institute of Pollution Resources ( 72) Inventor Hideo Ouchi 16-3 Onogawa, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Institute of Pollution Resources, Institute of Industrial Technology (56) References JP-A-58-137425 (JP, A) JP-A-59-127621 (JP, A)
Claims (1)
ス通路を有する不燃性でかつ電気絶縁性材料からなる外
周端面が入気面に及び開口周端面が排気面に形成された
フィルター層と中央に開口を有する不燃性でかつ導電性
材料からなる電極層とを交互に積層させた積層構造体
と、(ii)隣接する前記電極層間に電圧を印加する電気回
路を備えたことを特徴とする燃焼性微粒子除去装置。(I) An outer peripheral end face made of a non-combustible and electrically insulating material having an opening at the center and having fine gas passages in a radial direction is formed on an inlet face and an opening peripheral end face is formed on an exhaust face. A laminated structure in which a filter layer and an electrode layer made of a non-combustible and conductive material having an opening in the center are alternately laminated, and (ii) an electric circuit for applying a voltage between the adjacent electrode layers. An apparatus for removing combustible particles, which is characterized in that
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22715288A JPH0644969B2 (en) | 1988-01-27 | 1988-09-09 | Combustible particle removal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63-16385 | 1988-01-27 | ||
| JP1638588 | 1988-01-27 | ||
| JP22715288A JPH0644969B2 (en) | 1988-01-27 | 1988-09-09 | Combustible particle removal device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01281121A JPH01281121A (en) | 1989-11-13 |
| JPH0644969B2 true JPH0644969B2 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
Family
ID=26352723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP22715288A Expired - Lifetime JPH0644969B2 (en) | 1988-01-27 | 1988-09-09 | Combustible particle removal device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0644969B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2783564B1 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-12-15 | Ecia Equip Composants Ind Auto | DEVICE FOR REGENERATING A PARTICLE FILTER FOR PURIFYING EXHAUST GASES OF A MOTOR VEHICLE |
| WO2010141110A2 (en) | 2009-02-05 | 2010-12-09 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method and system for in situ aerosol thermo-radiometric analysis |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS57203812A (en) * | 1981-06-09 | 1982-12-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Exhaust gas purifier for motor car engine |
| JPS58137425A (en) * | 1982-02-09 | 1983-08-15 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Filter apparatus for exhaust gas |
| JPS59127621A (en) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-07-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Dust collecting and burning method |
-
1988
- 1988-09-09 JP JP22715288A patent/JPH0644969B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01281121A (en) | 1989-11-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |