JPH0642545A - Fixed type constant velocity joint - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate assembling by fitting a pair of divided outer rings to the outside of an assembly from both sides made up of an inner ring, retainer and ball, by fitting the ball to a track groove, and by inserting each insert piece into a fitting groove of the other divided outer ring and then, connecting the divided outer rings to each other with a screw. CONSTITUTION:A retainer 21 is fitted to the outside of an inner ring 11, and a ball 31 is inserted in a pocket of the retainer 21. A pair of divided outer rings 1a and 1b are arranged on both sides of an assembly A, and adjusting directions of the divided outer rings 1a and 1b so that their straight track grooves 6 and 13 align with the balls 31, and then, fitted to the outside of the assembly A. At this time, as the track grooves 6 and 13 are inclined toward the outer diameter direction of the other divided outer rings, the divided outer rings races 1a and 1b can be smoothly fitted to the outside of the assembly A. After fitting, an end member 1c is brought into contact with the end face of one of the divided outer ring 1b and the divided outer rings 1a and 1b and the end member 1c are connected to each other by tightening a screw 9. Insertion of a shaft 14 into the inner ring 11 may be before or after assembling an outer race 1.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fixed type constant velocity joint for transmitting rotational torque between an outer ring and an inner ring.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A fixed type constant velocity joint shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is conventionally known. This constant velocity joint is provided with a pair of arc-shaped track grooves 44, 45 radially opposed to the spherical inner surface 41 of the outer ring 40 and the spherical outer surface 43 of the inner ring 42 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Inner and outer surfaces 47, 48 of the retainer 46 assembled between the
Is a spherical surface that is in contact with and guided by the spherical inner surface 41 of the outer ring 40 and the spherical outer surface 43 of the inner ring 42, and the balls 50 guided by the track grooves 44 and 45 are incorporated into a plurality of pockets 49 provided in the cage 46 thereof. Outer ring 4 via ball 50
The torque is transmitted between 0 and the inner ring 42.

The center a of the track groove 44 of the outer ring 40
When the center b of the track groove 45 of the inner ring 42 and the center O of the inner ring 42 are offset to the left and right with respect to the joint center O and the outer ring 40 and the inner ring 42 form an operating angle, the angle between the axes of the outer ring 40 and the inner ring 42 becomes smaller. Each ball 50 is positioned on the bisector so that the outer ring 40 and the inner ring 42 rotate at a constant speed.

[0004]

By the way, in the above-mentioned conventional constant velocity joint, as shown in FIG. 10, the cage 46 is tilted greatly with respect to the outer ring 40, and the pocket 49 is formed.
Since it is an assembly in which the balls 50 are incorporated one by one, there is a disadvantage that the assembly is very troublesome.

Generally, in a constant velocity joint, as shown in FIG.
1 and FIG. 12, ball 50 and pocket 4
The pocket clearance δ between the side edges 49a facing each other in the circumferential direction of 9
When the constant velocity joint takes an operating angle and transmits torque, the side edge 49a of the pocket 49 is provided with a ball 50.
It prevents it from interfering with.

In the conventional constant velocity joint, the inner ring 42 is tilted more than the maximum operating angle of the constant velocity joint and the ball 5 is moved.
Since it is necessary to incorporate 0, the above-mentioned pocket clearance becomes unnecessarily large and the number of balls 50 to be incorporated is restricted. Therefore, in order to increase the allowable load torque by increasing the number of balls, the diameter of the balls must be reduced, and the allowable load torque cannot be increased.

Further, since each of the pair of opposed track grooves 44, 45 arranged in the circumferential direction of the constant velocity joint has a spread toward the open end of the outer ring 40, when the constant velocity joint transmits torque, the cage Reference numeral 46 always receives a load (direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 8) toward the opening side of the outer ring 40 by each of the plurality of balls 50, and the spherical inner surface 41 of the outer ring 40.
And the spherical outer surface 48 of the cage 46, the spherical outer surface 43 of the inner ring 42
And the spherical inner surface 47 of the cage 46 are always in contact with each other, and the maximum contact pressure and frictional force at that contact position are large.

The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned inconveniences, facilitates the assembly of a fixed type constant velocity joint, makes it possible to increase the allowable load torque, and reduces the surface pressure at the contact portion between the cage and the inner and outer races. The technical challenge is to reduce

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, an outer ring having a spherical inner surface, an inner ring having a spherical outer surface, and a retaining member having a spherical inner and outer surface incorporated between the both rings. And a plurality of balls housed in each of a plurality of pockets formed in this retainer, to form a pair of split outer rings that are axially split to couple the outer rings, A plurality of insert pieces facing the other split outer ring are provided on the split surface of each split outer ring at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of fitting grooves into which the insert pieces of the other split outer ring are inserted are formed on the spherical inner surface of the split outer ring. , A straight track groove for guiding a ball that reaches the tip of each insertion piece is formed between adjacent fitting grooves, and each track groove is inclined toward the outer diameter direction of the other split outer ring to form a spherical shape of the inner ring. Facing the outer ring track groove on the outer surface Forming a track grooves of the trait is obtained by adopting a configuration in which is inclined in opposite directions with respect to the outer ring track groove located inner ring track grooves on the outer side.

[0010]

In assembling the constant velocity joint having the above construction, first, the cage is fitted on the outer side of the inner ring, and the balls are stored in the pockets of the cage. From both sides of the assembly consisting of the inner ring, cage and ball, fit a pair of split outer rings on the outside and fit the ball into the track groove,
After inserting each insertion piece into the fitting groove of the other split outer ring, the pair of split outer rings are coupled by tightening the screws.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the constant velocity joint according to the present invention comprises an outer ring 1, an inner ring 11, a cage 21 and a plurality of balls 31.

The outer ring 1 has a closed end, and a shaft 2 is provided at the closed end. The inner surface 3 of the outer ring 1 is spherical. The outer ring 1 is divided into three, that is, a pair of divided outer rings 1a and 1b and an end member 1c having a shaft 2.

On the split surfaces of the pair of split outer rings 1a, 1b,
A plurality of insertion pieces 4 extending toward the other split outer ring are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The spherical inner surfaces 3 of the pair of split outer rings 1a, 1b have a plurality of fitting grooves 5 into which the insert pieces 4 of the other split outer ring are inserted, and extend axially between the fitting grooves 5. A plurality of straight track grooves 6 are provided.

Each track groove 6 reaches the tip of the insertion piece 4,
The track grooves 6 provided in each of the divided outer rings 1a and 1b are inclined toward the outer diameter direction of the other divided outer ring, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).

A plurality of screw insertion holes 7 are provided in the pair of divided outer races 1a, 1b, and the end members 1c are formed through the screw insertion holes 7.
The pair of split outer rings 1a and 1b and the end member 1c are coupled to each other by tightening the screw 9 which is screwed into the screw hole 8.

The inner ring 11 has a spherical outer surface 12, and a plurality of track grooves 13 are formed on the spherical outer surface 12 so as to face the track grooves 6 of the outer ring 1 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

The track groove 13 has a straight shape,
Each track groove is inclined in the opposite direction with respect to the outer ring track groove 6 located outside thereof.

The cage 21 includes a spherical inner surface 3 of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 1.
A spherical inner and outer surface 22 which is guided in contact with the spherical outer surface 12 of
Have 23. The cage 21 has a plurality of pockets 24 at positions facing the track grooves 6 and 13 of the inner and outer rings 1 and 11.
Is formed, and the balls 31 are stored in the pockets 24.

The constant velocity joint shown in the embodiment has the above structure. When assembling the constant velocity joint, first, the retainer 21 is assembled on the outer side of the inner ring 11, and the ball 31 is inserted into the pocket 24 of the retainer 21. insert.

Here, when assembling the inner ring 11 and the cage 21, as shown in FIG. 5, the inner ring 11 and the cage 21 are turned 90 degrees, and the inner ring 11 is inserted inside the cage 21. , The inner ring 11 and the cage 21 are relatively rotated by 90 ° in a direction in which the axes of the inner ring 11 and the cage 21 coincide with each other.

After the inner ring 11, the cage 21 and the balls 31 are assembled, a pair of divided outer rings 1a and 1b are arranged on both sides of the assembly A, and the track grooves 6 and 13 of the respective divided outer rings 1a and 1b form the balls 31. Each split outer ring 1 to match
After adjusting the directions of a and 1b, the divided outer rings 1a and 1
Fit b to the outside of assembly A.

At this time, since the track grooves 6 and 13 are inclined toward the outer diameter direction of the other split outer ring, the pair of split outer rings 1a and 1b can be smoothly fitted to the outer side of the assembly A. .

After fitting the pair of split outer rings 1a, 1b, the end member 1c is brought into contact with the end surface of one of the split outer rings 1b, and the pair of split outer rings 1a is tightened by tightening the screw 9 which is screwed into the screw hole 8 from the screw insertion hole 7. 1b and the end member 1c are connected.

The shaft 14 may be inserted into the inner ring 11 before or after the outer ring 1 is assembled. Its shaft 1
4, the large-diameter end of the boot 15 having the small-diameter end fixed to the outside is fitted to the outside of the abutting portion of the pair of split outer rings 1a, 1b, and the large-diameter end of the boot 15 is fixed by tightening the boot band 16. To do.

In the assembled state of the constant velocity joint, the track groove 6 on the outer ring 1 side and the track groove 13 on the inner ring 11 are inclined in the opposite directions, and the track groove 6 on one divided outer ring 1a and the other divided outer ring 1b are formed. The track grooves 6 are inclined in the opposite direction to the track grooves 6, and the track grooves 6 having different inclination directions are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the constant velocity joint. Therefore, the pair of track grooves 6 having a spread toward the open end of the outer ring 1, 13 (Fig. 4
(See (a)) and a pair of track grooves 6 and 13 (see FIG. 4B) that are widened toward the closed end of the outer ring 1 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the constant velocity joint.

Therefore, when torque is transmitted between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 11, the balls 31 guided by the track grooves 6 and 13 of FIG.
4B, the balls 31 guided by the track grooves 6 and 13 in FIG. 4B push the retainer 21 toward the outer closed end, and the pressing directions are different from each other. ,
The cage 21 does not move in the axial direction, and the cage 21 and the outer ring 1,
The contact between the cage 21 and the inner ring 11 is made uniform, and the surface pressure can be reduced as compared with the constant velocity joint shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the constant velocity joint having the shaft 2 on the outer ring 1 is shown, but the constant velocity joint is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. It may be a constant velocity joint provided with.

Further, in the embodiment, a pair of split outer rings 1a,
Although each of the 1b has three insert pieces 4 formed therein, the number of the insert pieces 4 is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 7A, four insertion pieces 4 may be formed in each of the pair of divided outer races 1a and 1b. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 7B, two insertion pieces 4 may be formed in each of the pair of divided outer rings 1a and 1b.

[0031]

As described above, in the constant velocity joint according to the present invention, the constant velocity joint can be assembled by fitting the pair of split outer rings from both sides of the assembly consisting of the inner ring, the cage and the balls. Therefore, the assembly is extremely easy.

In assembling the constant velocity joint,
Since it is not necessary to incline the inner ring largely, the pocket clearance formed between the cage pocket and the ball can be suppressed to the minimum necessary size. Therefore, the number of balls can be increased, and the allowable load torque can be increased by increasing the number of balls. Conversely, if the number of balls is the same as the conventional one, the pocket can be made smaller. The constant velocity joint can be downsized as much as it can.

Furthermore, since a pair of tracks having a spread toward the open end of the outer ring and a pair of tracks having a spread toward the closed end of the outer ring are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, torque transmission , Adjacent balls will push the cage in opposite directions, and as a result, the cage will not move in the axial direction, and the contact pressure on the inner and outer rings will be uniform over the whole, and compared with the conventional constant velocity joint. The surface pressure can be reduced.

Further, since the track groove is straight, there is a margin for increasing the ball diameter and the shaft diameter in the inner ring. By increasing the ball diameter, the strength is increased and the allowable load torque can be increased. By increasing the diameter of the shaft, the strength of the shaft can be increased.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of a constant velocity joint according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the above.

4 (a) and (b) are sectional views showing the track groove portion of FIG. 1 in an enlarged manner.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the assembly of the inner ring and the outer ring of the same.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional front view showing another example of the constant velocity joint.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are perspective views showing another example of the split outer ring.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional constant velocity joint.

9 is a sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a state in which the balls of the constant velocity joint of the above are incorporated.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of the constant velocity joint of the above with an operating angle.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Outer ring 1a, 1b Split outer ring 3 Spherical inner surface 4 Insertion piece 5 Fitting groove 6 Track groove 11 Inner ring 12 Spherical outer surface 13 Track groove 21 Cage 22 Spherical outer surface 23 Spherical inner surface 24 Pocket

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outer ring having a spherical inner surface, an inner ring having a spherical outer surface, a cage having a spherical inner surface and an outer surface, which is incorporated between the both rings, and is housed in each of a plurality of pockets formed in the cage. A plurality of balls formed by dividing the outer ring in the axial direction to form a pair of split outer rings that are coupled to tighten the screws, and a plurality of insert pieces facing the other split outer ring on the split surface of each split outer ring. Are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, a plurality of fitting grooves into which the insert piece of the other split outer ring is inserted on the spherical inner surface of the split outer ring, and a ball guide that reaches the tip of each insert piece between adjacent fit grooves. And a straight track groove for forming a straight track groove are formed, and each track groove is inclined toward the outer diameter direction of the other split outer ring, and a straight track groove is formed on the spherical outer surface of the inner ring so as to face the outer ring track groove. , Inner ring track groove located outside Fixed type constant velocity joint that is tilted in the opposite direction to the outer ring track groove.