JPH0639162Y2 - Lubricating oil circulation device for swing reducer of hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a speed reducer used for a turning device of a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to a lubricating oil circulation device for a planetary gear type speed reducer.

[Prior art and its drawbacks]

A hydraulic excavator as a work machine includes a lower traveling body and an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body so as to be rotatable about an axis extending in the vertical direction. A revolving device is interposed between the lower traveling structure and the upper revolving structure.

Referring to FIG. 3, a revolving device 1 includes a revolving bearing unit 3 for rotatably supporting an upper revolving structure (not shown) on a lower traveling structure (not shown), and a planetary gear mounted on the upper revolving structure. And a speed reducer 5.

The slewing bearing portion 3 includes an internal gear 7 and an slewing bearing outer ring 9.
The internal gear 7 is a track frame which is a part of the lower traveling body.
It is fixed at 11. On the other hand, the slewing bearing outer ring 9 is fixed to the swing frame 13, which is a part of the upper slewing body, and is rotatably fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the internal gear 7. That is, the slewing bearing outer ring 9 and the internal gear 7 constitute the slewing bearing portion 3, and the internal gear 7 also has a function as an inner ring of the slewing bearing portion 3.

With the above-described structure, the swing frame 13 has the swing bearing portion 3
It is rotatably supported by the track frame 11 via.

The planetary gear type speed reducer 5 is mounted on the swing frame 13 and has a speed reducer main body (casing) 15. Reducer body
The upper casing 17, the ring gear 19, and the lower casing 21 are fixed to each other in the above order from the upper portion. The planetary gear type speed reducer 5 is mounted on the swing frame 13 by mounting the lower casing 21 on the swing frame 13 by fixing means such as bolts 23 and knock pins 25.

An oil motor 25 is provided in the upper casing 17, and has a drive shaft 27 at its end. Reducer body 15
The ring gear 19, which forms a part of the above, also forms a part of the planetary gear device itself.

The planetary gear type speed reducer 5 includes a planetary gear device which is a reduction gear device. This planetary gear set consists of first and second planetary gear sets 29 and 31.

The first planetary gear device 29 includes a part of the ring gear 19, a first sun gear 33 arranged on the axial center of the ring gear 19, and a first fixed bearing of a first carrier member 35 arranged outside the peripheral portion thereof. It includes a first planetary gear 37 rotatably supported in the hole 35a. The first planetary gears 37 are provided at three positions in the circumferential direction of the first carrier member 35 at intervals, mesh with the first sun gear 33 and the ring gear 19, and are spline-coupled with the drive shaft 27 of the oil motor 25.

The second planetary gear device 31 includes a part of the ring gear 19, a second sun gear 39 arranged on the axis of the ring gear 19, and a second fixed bearing of a second carrier member 41 arranged outside the peripheral portion thereof. It includes a second planetary gear 43 rotatably supported in the hole 41a. The second planetary gears 43 are provided at three locations in the circumferential direction of the second carrier member 41 at intervals, and mesh with the second sun gear 39 and the ring gear 19, respectively. The second sun gear 39 meshes with the internal gear 35b provided on the first carrier member 35. An outer peripheral side of the cylindrical portion 41b provided below the second carrier member 41 is rotatably supported in the lower casing 21 by a bearing 45, and one end of a pinion shaft 47 serving as an output shaft is provided on the inner peripheral side. Splined. The other end of the pinion shaft 47 is rotatably supported in the lower casing 21 by a bearing 21a, and a pinion gear 47a is integrally provided at one end thereof. The pinion gear 47a projects below the lower casing 21 and meshes with the internal gear 7 described above. Between the lower end of the lower casing 21 and the pinion shaft 47,
An oil seal 21b is provided.

A spacer 49 is provided between the bearing 45 and the bearing 21a, and the spacer 49 is fitted into the cylindrical portion of the pinion shaft 47.

One end of the pinion shaft 47 is tightened with a bolt from one end of a cylindrical portion 41b provided below the second carrier member 41 via a washer 51.

The rotation of the drive shaft 27 of the oil motor 25 depends on the rotation of the first planetary gear device.
It is transmitted to the first planetary gear 37 via the first sun gear 33 of 29. As a result, the first planetary gear 37 rolls along the ring gear 19 to decelerate and rotate the first carrier member 35. The rotation of the first carrier member 35 is transmitted to the second sun gear 39 and the second planetary gear 43 of the second planetary gear device 31 via the internal gear 35b. As a result, the second planetary gear
43 rolls along the ring gear 19 and the second carrier member
41 is further decelerated and rotated.

The rotation of the second carrier member 41 is transmitted to the pinion gear 47a of the pinion shaft 47. That is, the drive shaft 2 of the oil motor 25
The rotation of 7 is reduced by two stages by the first planetary gear device 29 and the second planetary gear device 31 and transmitted to the pinion gear 47a.

Since the internal gear 7 meshed with the pinion gear 47a is fixed to the track frame 11 of the lower traveling body, the pinion gear 47a rolls along the internal gear 7.

The speed reducer body 15 supporting the pinion shaft 47 is fixed to the swing frame 13 of the upper swing body, and the swing frame 13
Is rotatably supported by the internal gear 7 of the slewing bearing portion 3, so that the swing frame 13 swings on the track frame 11 via the slewing bearing portion 3 by the rolling of the pinion gear 47a.

A plug 18 for supplying lubricating oil is provided in the upper casing 17 of the speed reducer body 15, and a drain pipe 22 for discharging the lubricating oil is provided in the lower casing 21. Drain pipe
The end of 22 is closed by a drain plug 22a.

Lubricating oil 53 is contained in the speed reducer body 15 to lubricate necessary parts such as the planetary gear device. As the operating time of the swivel device elapses, wear powder is generated from the meshing parts of the gears, which contaminates the lubricating oil and also deteriorates the lubricating oil itself, so it is necessary to replace the lubricating oil regularly. .

In this case, the lubricating oil 53 is discharged by removing the drain plug 22a of the drain pipe 22. The new lubricating oil is supplied by closing the drain pipe 22 with the drain plug 22a and then removing the plug 18.

The upper casing 17 also has an oil level gauge device 55
Is provided, and the amount of the lubricating oil 53 in the speed reducer body 15 can be measured. The oil level gauge device 55 includes a cylindrical member 55a fixed to the upper casing 17.
And a rod-shaped oil level gauge 57 inserted in the cylindrical member 55a. The rod-shaped oil level gauge 57 has a grip portion 57a at one end, a plug member (not shown) provided below the grip portion 57a, and a lubricating oil amount display portion 57b at the other end.
The lubricating oil amount display portion 57b is marked with "H" and "L" markings at predetermined intervals, and the level of the lubricating oil amount is in between, which indicates normal. Oil level gauge 57
Is attached by inserting the plug member into the cylindrical member 55, and in this state, the lubricating oil amount display portion 57b is inserted into the lubricating oil 53. By pulling out the oil level gauge 57 and reading the level of the lubricating oil adhering to the lubricating oil amount display portion 57b, the amount of the lubricating oil 53 in the speed reducer body 15 can be measured and inspected.

In such a planetary gear type speed reducer, due to space restrictions, etc., the speed reducer body 15 and the gear devices arranged therein, the gap between the pinion shaft 47 and the rotating body are small, and the overall size is reduced. It is laid out. Therefore, the amount of lubricating oil that can be stored in the speed reducer main body 15 is small, and there are the following problems to be solved.

(1) The heat generated inside the speed reducer body 15 is not well dissipated, and the temperature of the lubricating oil tends to rise. For this reason, deterioration of lubricating performance and progress of deterioration of lubricating oil are accelerated.

(2) The lubricating oil is quickly contaminated by the metal abrasion powder generated in the meshing parts of the gears and the replacement time of the lubricating oil is shortened.

(3) Due to the rotation of the planetary gears, the lubricating oil inside the ring gear 19 is agitated, and the metal wear powder that has settled at the bottom of the ring gear 19, that is, the upper part of the lower casing 21, is also scraped up, and there is a large proportion that it is meshed with the meshing parts of the gears. Shortens the life of gears.

On the other hand, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 1-65978, a tooth profile cover that surrounds a partial tooth profile of a gear is provided in a housing, and a wall surface of the tooth profile cover facing a tooth tip locus surface moves toward the gear rotation direction. Disclosed is a lubricating oil generation structure in which a lubricating oil pressure generation recess is formed on the wall surface close to the locus surface, and the lubricating pressure generation recess is connected to each lubrication portion by an oil passage.

The pressure oil generated in the lubricating oil generation recess is guided to each lubrication portion through the oil passage, lubricates them, and then returns to the inside of the housing again. The temperature of this lubricating oil rises in the process of lubricating each lubricating portion, and the metal powder is carried into the housing. The lubricating oil in the housing continues to be contaminated, the lubricating oil performance deteriorates, the deterioration speed of the lubricating oil increases, the replacement time of the lubricating oil shortens,
Problems such as shortening the life of gears and the like will occur. Further, in this lubricating pressure generating structure, when the gear rotates in the opposite direction, substantially no pressure oil is generated in the lubricating pressure generating recess. Therefore, this technique has a problem that it cannot be applied to a gear device that repeats forward rotation and reverse rotation. Therefore, it can be said that the problems to be solved have not been solved yet.

[Purpose of device]

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its main purpose is to improve the lubrication performance by forcibly circulating the lubricating oil inside the speed reducer without significantly changing the structure of the speed reducer. The effect of extending the life of the lubricating oil can be obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent lubricating oil circulation device for a swing reducer of a hydraulic excavator.

[Summary of Invention]

According to the present invention, in a lubricating oil circulating device for a swing reducer of a hydraulic excavator in which lubricating oil is contained in a main body, a reducing gear device and a reduction gear device connected to the reducing gear device are provided in the main body of the reduction gear. An output shaft extending in the axial direction is provided, a spacer that rotates integrally with the output shaft is provided on the output shaft, an impeller is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the spacer, and the impeller and the speed reducer main body are provided. A pump chamber is formed between
A lubricating oil outlet opening is provided in the pump chamber forming portion of the speed reducer main body, and a lubricating oil inlet opening is provided in the speed reducing gear device disposition portion of the speed reducer main body. A lubricating oil circulating device for a swing reducer of a hydraulic excavator, characterized in that an inlet and an inlet opening are connected by a lubricating oil passage means, and an oil filter is arranged in the lubricating oil passage means. To be done.

[Specific example of device]

Hereinafter, a specific example of a lubricating oil circulating device for a swing reducer of a hydraulic excavator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 and 2, the same parts as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same parts will be omitted. That is, the turning device 1 in FIG. 1 is configured.
The basic configurations of the swivel bearing portion 3 and the planetary gear type speed reducer 5 are the same as those in FIG.

The present invention is an improvement of the lubricating device for the planetary gear type speed reducer 5 shown in FIG. 3, which is fixed to the pinion shaft 47 (press-fitting).
A plurality of impellers 50 are formed on the outer peripheral portion of the cylindrical spacer 49 that rotates integrally with it.

The impellers 50 are formed along the outer peripheral portion of the spacer 49 at equal intervals and project in the radial direction. One end of each impeller 50 (lower end in FIG. 1) is a spacer 49.
It is defined by a flange 50a that projects radially from the outer peripheral portion of and is formed over the entire circumference thereof.
The impellers 50 also each have an inclined surface 50b that extends in the axial direction of the spacer 49 and approaches the other end (the upper end in FIG. 1) toward the axis.

Inside the lower casing 21, of the portion facing the spacer 49, the conical surface portion 21c facing the inclined surface 50b of the impeller 50.
Are formed in the vicinity of the inclined surface 50b, and the gap therebetween is configured to be particularly smaller than that of the other portion facing the spacer 49. Lower casing 21 and impeller
Between 50 and 50, there is a suction chamber 52 on one side (upper side in FIG. 1) in the axial direction, and the other (lower side in FIG. 1) in the axial direction, with a portion having a small gap between the conical surface portion 21c and the inclined surface 50b as a boundary. A pump chamber (discharging chamber) 54 is formed in each. Of the lower casing 21,
A lubricating oil outlet opening 56 is provided in a portion where the pump chamber 54 is formed, and a lubricating oil inlet opening 58 is provided in a portion of the upper casing 17 where the reduction gear device, that is, the planetary gear device is arranged. .

The lubricating oil outlet opening 56 and the inlet opening 58 are connected by a lubricating oil passage means 60.

The lubricating oil flow path means 60 includes an oil filter 64 connected to the lubricating oil outlet opening 56 and a conduit 62, an oil filter 64 and a conduit 66.
And an oil cooler 68 connected with the oil cooler 68 and a pipe line 70 connecting the oil cooler 68 and the lubricating oil inlet opening 58.

The lubricating oil 53 removes the plug 18 of the upper casing 17 and is injected into the speed reducer body 15 through the opening. The injected lubricating oil 53 fills the speed reducer body 15 and the lubricating oil flow path means 60. This reduces the speed reducer body 15 and the lubricating oil flow path means 60.
A lubricating oil circulation device is formed between and.

Next, the operation and effect of the lubricating oil circulating device for the swing reducer of the hydraulic excavator described above will be described.

When the swivel device 1 operates, the rotation of the drive shaft 27 of the oil motor 25 is reduced by two stages by the first and second planetary gear devices 29 and 31 of the planetary gear type speed reducer 5 and transmitted to the pinion shaft 47. . When the pinion shaft 47 rotates, the impeller 50 fixed to it rotates. As a result, the lubricating oil 53 in the speed reducer body 15 is discharged from the suction chamber 52 to the pump chamber 54. The lubricating oil discharged to the pump chamber 54 passes through the lubricating oil outlet opening 56 and the oil filter 64 via the pipe line 62. In this process, the lubricating oil is purified. The lubricating oil that has passed through the oil filter 64 passes through the pipe 66 and the oil cooler 68.
To be cooled. The lubricating oil that has passed through the oil cooler 68 is returned to the inside of the speed reducer body 15 from the lubricating oil inlet opening 58 via the pipe line 70.

During the operation of the swivel device 1, the lubricating oil in the speed reducer body 15 is constantly circulated through the lubricating oil passage means 60 by the pumping action of the impeller 50. The flange 50 of the impeller 50
The a has a function of guiding the lubricating oil to the outside in the radial direction and facilitating the discharge to the lubricating oil outlet opening 56.

It is also conceivable to use an oil heater (not shown) in place of the oil cooler 68 in the lubricating oil passage means 60. When using any of these, depending on the temperature of the lubricating oil, there is no need for special cooling, heating, and so its function is stopped or an on-off valve that operates by receiving a signal from a temperature sensor is used. Pipeline on the upstream side (pipeline 6 in Fig. 1
It may be provided in 6), and a flow path for bypassing the cooler or the heater may be provided if necessary (neither is shown).

In addition, an oil reserve tank (not shown) may be provided in the middle of the pipeline regardless of the presence / absence of the cooling / heating means described above.
It is also conceivable that the amount of lubricating oil in the lubricating oil circulation system is increased by providing the above.

Lubricating oil flow path means 60 is basically formed by a simple conduit. That is, the cooling effect can be obtained only by circulating. It is desirable to provide at least the oil filter 64 in order to purify the lubricating oil.

The structure of the impeller 50 is not limited to the one shown in the specific example, but in relation to the inner portion of the speed reducer body 15,
Various modifications are possible.

[Effect of device]

Since the lubricating oil circulation device of the hydraulic excavator reducer according to the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the lubricating oil in the speed reducer body is forcedly circulated through the lubricating oil flow path means, the lubricating oil in the speed reducer body is lubricated in spite of the stirring action of the lubricating oil by the speed reducer body. The temperature of the oil is appropriately cooled, and it is possible to maintain the lubricating performance and reduce the deterioration rate of the lubricating oil.

(2) Since the oil filter is provided in the lubricating oil passage means, the lubricating oil is unlikely to be contaminated, and the replacement period of the lubricating oil can be extended. In addition, since the metal abrasion powder in the lubricating oil is reduced, the life of the gear etc. can be extended.

(3) Regardless of which direction the output shaft rotates, pressure oil is normally generated in the pump chamber, and the lubricating oil circulation function is maintained. Therefore, it is extremely useful for a speed reducer that frequently repeats rotation in both directions, such as a turning device of a hydraulic excavator.

(4) Since the spacer and the reducer body, which are the components of the reducer, are used to obtain the pumping function of the lubricating oil,
It can be put to practical use very easily and at low cost.

Although one specific example of the lubricating oil circulation device for the swing reducer of the hydraulic excavator according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this specific example, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It can be modified or modified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a turning device equipped with a specific example of a lubricating oil circulation device for a turning reducer of a hydraulic excavator according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a component of the turning device shown in FIG.
The figure seen from the upper part of the figure. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a turning device equipped with a conventional reducer lubrication device. 1 ... Revolving device 3 ... Revolving bearing part 5 ... Planetary gear type speed reducer 11 ... Track frame 13 ... Swing frame 15 ... Reducer body 17 ... Upper casing 19 ... Ring gear 21 ... Lower casing 29 ... First planetary gear unit 31 ... No. 2 Planetary gear device 47 ... Pinion shaft 49 ... Spacer 50 ... Impeller 54 ... Pump chamber 56 ... Lubricating oil outlet opening 58 ... Lubricating oil inlet opening 60 ... Lubricating oil passage means 64 ... Oil filter 68 ... Oil cooler

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A lubricating oil circulating apparatus for a swing reducer of a hydraulic excavator in which lubricating oil is contained in a main body, wherein the main body of the speed reducer has a reduction gear device and the reduction gear device is connected to the reduction gear device. An output shaft extending in the axial direction is provided, a spacer that rotates integrally with the output shaft is provided on the output shaft, and an impeller is formed on an outer peripheral portion of the spacer. A pump chamber is formed between them, a lubricating oil outlet opening is provided in the pump chamber forming portion of the speed reducer main body, and a lubricating oil inlet opening is provided in the speed reducing gear device installation portion of the speed reducer main body. A rotation deceleration of a hydraulic excavator, characterized in that the lubricating oil outlet opening and the inlet opening are connected by a lubricating oil passage means, and an oil filter is arranged in the lubricating oil passage means. Lubricating oil circulation device.