JPH0638427U - Topdressing equipment for fields - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The labor and time required for topdressing work can be reduced, and the work can be performed without touching the fertilizer, and the effect that the applied fertilizer is washed away by rainwater is effective. (EN) Provided is a field top-dressing device, which can be effectively prevented and can uniformly apply a necessary and sufficient amount of fertilizer to a planted crop without waste. [Structure] A hopper-type fertilizer feeder 41 is provided on a self-propelled or hand-pushed single-wheel work vehicle in which an inverted ship-type soil cultivator 30 is disposed on the rear side of the wheels 12, and this fertilizer feeder Below 41, a fertilizer distribution / downflow device 60 is provided which distributes the fertilizer H supplied from the fertilizer supply device 41 to the front side of the soil fertilizer device 30 on both sides of the wheel 12 and allows the fertilizer to flow down.

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

[Industrial applications]

 The present invention relates to a walk-behind field top-dressing device suitable for use when top-dressing a root part of a crop planted in a field when the crop has grown to some extent.

[0002]

[Prior art]

 In general, when cultivating cabbage and other crops in a field, for example, after cultivating the field well, sprinkle the basic fertilizer on the entire surface and mix well with the soil, and then raise the soil at appropriate intervals to raise the ridges. The ridges are formed and seedlings are planted in the ridges at appropriate intervals. Note that mechanization has been realized for this planting work.

Then, fertilizers are added around the roots of the crops at the stage when the planted crops have grown to some extent. Conventionally, this additional fertilization work has been performed by a person manually grasping the fertilizer and spilling it appropriately around the ridge crop.

[0004]

[Problems to be solved by the device]

 Therefore, the additional fertilization work requires a lot of labor and time, and there is a problem that hands are soiled with fertilizer, and it is strongly desired to mechanize this work. In view of such a point, the present invention can mechanize the topdressing work in the field, which conventionally relied on human labor, thereby reducing the labor and time required for the topdressing work, and the work without touching the fertilizer. It can be done, and simply dropping the fertilizer on the soil will cause it to be washed away by rainwater, especially on sloping lands, so it can be effectively prevented and necessary and sufficient for the planted crop. It is an object of the present invention to provide a field top-dressing device that can apply a large amount of fertilizer evenly without waste.

[0005]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the field fertilizer appli- cation according to the present invention is applied to a self-propelled or hand-pushed single-wheeled work vehicle in which a reverse ship-type fertilizer is arranged on the rear side of the wheel, and a hopper type. A fertilizer feeder is provided and below the fertilizer feeder, fertilizer supplied from the fertilizer feeder is distributed in two lines to both sides of the wheel to the front side of the soil fertilizer so that the fertilizer is distributed downward. It is configured by providing a container.

[0006]

[Action]

 Since the field fertilizing apparatus according to the present invention configured as described above has a form of a walking type single wheeled vehicle as a whole, it can be run in a narrow ridge of a field without damaging crops or the like. When traveling in the ridge, the soil in the ridge is dug back (cultivation soil) by the reverse ship-type cultivator, and the fertilizer is supplied from the fertilizer feeder to the fertilizer distributor and the fertilizer distributor and the top fertilizer are applied to both sides of the wheel. It is distributed in two lines to the front side of the pottery and flows down.

In this case, since both sides of the running wheel are the ridges on which crops are planted, the fertilizer flowed down from the fertilizer distribution flow down device is placed in each of two adjacent ridges located on the left and right of the wheel. One of the ridges, in other words, drops continuously around the left root of the crop planted in one ridge and around the right root of the crop planted in the other ridge.

Here, since the falling position of the fertilizer that has flowed down is always on the front side of the soil fertilizer, the fertilizer that has been exposed in the peripheral portion of the product while being exposed is dug back by the soil fertilizer. Are covered and covered by the soil plate. By covering the top fertilizer with soil in this manner, it becomes difficult for the top fertilizer to be washed away by rainwater or the like. Therefore, it is not necessary to sprinkle a large amount of fertilizer in anticipation of the amount that has been washed away in advance, and fertilizer can be saved.

In addition, since the soil between the ridges is dug back by the cultivator to form a groove, a weeding effect is obtained, oxygen is effectively supplied to the soil, and the decomposition action of the fertilizer is promoted. As well as improving the growth of crops, the ditch also functions as a drainage ditch, so that the ridge collapse due to rainwater or the like is prevented. As described above, top fertilizer can be automatically applied while traveling through the ridges, which saves labor and efficiency in the top fertilizer work in the field, and can be performed without touching the fertilizer, which is hygienic. In addition, since the fertilizer feeder can supply the fertilizer in an amount corresponding to the traveling speed, it is possible to uniformly apply the necessary and sufficient amount of fertilizer to the planted crop without waste. It will be possible.

[0010]

【Example】

 FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a field topdressing device according to the present invention. The field top-dressing device 10 shown in the figure is one in which a granular fertilizer H that gradually dissolves in the soil is applied to the periphery of the roots of crops such as cabbage planted in a field. It is in the form of a single-wheeled work vehicle and has wheels 12 whose outer peripheral portion is in contact with rubber. The axle 15 of the wheel 12 is rotatably supported by a frame 14 assembled from a plurality of pipe members and the like via a support side plate 16. On the upper front side of the wheel 12, a leaf protection hood 22 having a semi-elliptical horizontal cross section is arranged, and on the upper side of the hood 22, a two-cycle gasoline engine 20 for driving the wheel 12 is arranged. The power of the engine 20 is transmitted to the axle 15 via a power transmission mechanism 25 having a centrifugal clutch, a speed reducer, etc., so that the entire apparatus 10 travels forward (left side in FIG. 1). It has become.

A front end of a steering handle 17 assembled in a trapezoidal ladder shape in a plan view is axially attached to an upper portion of the frame 14, and an intermediate portion of the handle 17 and a rear end portion of the frame 14 are provided. And are connected by a link member 16. By changing the connecting position between the link member 16 and the frame 14, the height position of the handle portion 17a of the handle 17 is adjusted. A throttle lever (not shown) for opening and closing the throttle valve of the engine 20 is attached in the vicinity of the handle portion 17a. By operating this throttle lever, the rotation speed of the engine 20 is increased. That is, the traveling speed of the device 10 can be adjusted.

An upper end of a square tubular hitch fitting 32 is fixed to the rear end of the frame 14 along a vertical line, and a height adjusting rod 34 is vertically arranged in the hitch fitting 32. The height adjusting rod 34 is slidably fitted and fixed to the hitch fitting 32 by bolts 36 screwed from the side so that the height adjustment rod 34 can be variably moved upward and downward. At the lower end of the height adjusting rod 34, a cultivator support metal fitting 33 having a U-shaped cross section is fixed. The cultivator support metal fitting 33 has an inverted boat-shaped (plow-shaped) cultivator board 30a and the cultivator board 30a. A fermenter 30 composed of a V-shaped beam 31 whose one end (lower part) is fixed is attached to the inside of the front part of the. The corner portion of the beam 31 is pivotally supported by the cultivator support metal fitting 33, so that the fixing position of the other end of the beam 31 to the cultivator support metal fitting 33 can be changed in two steps. It has become. Accordingly, the height of the cultivator 30 can be adjusted by sliding the height adjusting rod 34 in the cultivator support metal fitting 33, and the beam 31 can be fulcrumed at its corner portion. The tilt angle can be adjusted by swinging.

A device holding member 40 having a U-shaped cross section is attached to the lower rear side of the hitch metal fitting 32. A hopper type fertilizer feeder 41 is installed on the device holding member 40. The fertilizer feeder 41 is provided with a tank 42 for storing fertilizer, a slide shutter type constant amount supply mechanism 44 for adjusting the amount of the fertilizer discharged from the lower portion of the tank 42, and the constant amount supply mechanism 44. It is provided with a rotating drum type fertilizer feeding mechanism 50 provided on the lower side and a ground PTO mechanism 70 for driving the fertilizer feeding mechanism 50. Below the fertilizer feeding mechanism 50, as will be described later. A fertilizer distributing / downflow device 60 for distributing the fertilizer H sent out from the fertilizer sending mechanism 50 to the front side of the soil fertilizer device 30 on both sides of the wheel 12 and allowing the fertilizer to flow down. .

The above-mentioned granular fertilizer H is stored in the tank 42, and the granular fertilizer H is supplied to the fertilizer delivery mechanism 50 via the fixed amount supply mechanism 44. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the fertilizer feeding mechanism 50 includes a bottom plate portion 53a fixed to the upper surface of the device holding member 40 and a drum-shaped outer skin portion 53b. A V-shaped housing 53, a pipe-shaped outlet 57 that is continuously connected to the bottom of the housing 53 in a state of being directed obliquely downward and forward, and a rotary shaft 52 rotatably mounted on the housing 53. The rotary shaft 52 is fitted onto the rotary shaft 52 so as to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 52 in the housing 53, and a suitable number of grooves 56 having a semicircular cross section are formed at the outer peripheral portion at equal angular intervals. The delivery roller 55 is attached to the upper part of the housing 53 with a predetermined mutual angular interval, and its tip is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the delivery roller 55 so as to partition the inside of the housing 53. A pair of brushes 54, 54, and a space defined by the pair of brushes 54, 54 and the outer peripheral surface of the delivery roller 55. The granular fertilizer H is supplied to the feed roller 55, the fed granular fertilizer H is stored in a groove 56 formed in the delivery roller 55, and the delivery roller 55 is rotated to store the granular fertilizer H in the groove 56. Is dropped and supplied from the outlet 57 to the fertilizer distribution / downflow device 60.

This fertilizer distribution downflow device 60 is made of stainless steel plate or plastic, and as can be seen with reference to FIG. 3, only the upstream start end portion 63 merges into one, and the start end portion 63 is joined. To the downstream end portion, and is divided into two parallel trough-shaped flow-down passage portions 61 and 62 having a U-shaped cross section, and the start end portion 63 is a discharge port of the fertilizer feeder 41. It is fixed to the device holding member 40 by a fixing pin member 67 so as to be located almost directly below the lower end of 57, and the inner side walls 61a, 62a of the downflow passages 61, 62 are made higher than the outer side walls 61b, 62b. The start ends of the fertilizers are bent so that both of them have a dogleg shape, and the fertilizers falling from the discharge port 57 are evenly distributed in the dogleg portions 65 to the left and right downflow passage portions 61 and 62. It is designed to be distributed to.

The ground PTO mechanism 70 is a power take-out mechanism which is well known in the field of agricultural machinery, and includes a number of lugs 70a, which are rolling wheels 71 radially projected from the outer peripheral surface of the lugs 70a, A chain type power transmission mechanism 77 for transmitting the rotation of the rolling wheels 71 to the relay shaft 80 pivotally supported by the device holding member 40, and a chain for transmitting the rotation of the relay shaft 80 to the rotary shaft 52 of the delivery roller 55. And a power transmission mechanism 82. The center shaft 72 of the rolling wheel 71 is rotatably supported by the lower end of a connecting rod 75 whose upper end is fixed to the device holding member 40, and the chain type power transmission mechanism 77 is safe. It is covered with a cover 78.

The field topdressing device 10 of the present embodiment configured as described above is in the form of a self-propelled walking type single wheel work vehicle, in which wheels 12 are rotated by the power of the engine 20. As a result, the entire apparatus 10 can be run in the narrow ridges of the field without damaging the crops or the like. When traveling in the ridge, the soil of the ridge is dug back by the reverse ship type soil cultivator 30 to form the groove M (FIG. 3), and the rolling wheels 70 rotate, and the torque thereof is the chain type power transmission mechanism 77, 82. Is transmitted to the fertilizer delivery mechanism 50 via.

As a result, the delivery roller 55 rotates at a rotation speed according to the traveling speed, and the amount of granular fertilizer H according to the traveling speed is continuously supplied from the discharge port 57 of the fertilizer delivery mechanism 50 to the fertilizer distribution / distributor. The fertilizer H is supplied to the fertilizer distributor 60, and the fertilizer H is distributed from the fertilizer distributor 60 to the front side of the soil fertilizer 30 on both sides of the wheel 12 in a substantially even manner and flows down. In this case, since both sides of the running wheel 12 are the ridges U on which the crop (for example, cabbage) K has been planted, the fertilizer H that has flowed down from the fertilizer distribution flow down device 60 is distributed to the left and right of the wheel 12. Two adjacent ridges U, which are located on one side of each of the adjacent ridges U, in other words, on the left side of the periphery of the crop K planted in one ridge U and the crop K planted in the other ridge U It flows down continuously around the right root.

Here, since the flow-down position of the granular fertilizer H that has flowed down is always on the front side of the soil cultivator 30, the granular fertilizer H that has been exposed in the peripheral portion of the crop K while being exposed is The soil dug by 30 is covered and covered, and is pushed to the crop K side together with the soil. In this way, the granular fertilizer H as the additional fertilizer is automatically covered with soil, so that the fertilizer H is less likely to be washed away by rainwater or the like. Therefore, the fertilizer can be saved because it is not necessary to apply a large amount of fertilizer in anticipation of the amount that is washed away in advance.

The flow-down position of the fertilizer H as seen in the traveling direction of the wheels 12 is determined by the attachment position and the attachment angle of the fertilizer distribution / downflow device 60, but it should be dropped forward from the grounding point of the wheel 12. Then, since there is a risk that the wheel 12 will be trampled or embedded in the central portion of the ridge, in this embodiment, the fertilizer H is placed behind the contact point T of the wheel 12 and in front of the soil cultivator 30. The mounting position, the mounting angle, etc. of the fertilizer distribution / downflow device 60 are set so as to allow the fertilizer to flow down.

Further, since the soil between the ridges is dug back by the soil cultivator 30 to form the groove M, a weeding effect is obtained, oxygen is effectively supplied to the soil, and the decomposition action of the fertilizer is promoted. As a result, the growth of crops is improved and the groove M also functions as a drainage groove, so that the ridge collapse due to rainwater or the like is prevented. Since fertilizer H can be automatically applied while traveling through the furrows as described above, labor saving and efficiency of the additional fertilization work in the field can be achieved, and the work can be performed without touching the fertilizer H, which is hygienic. In addition, since the fertilizer feeder 41 and the ground PTO mechanism 70 that drives the fertilizer feeder can supply the amount of fertilizer according to the traveling speed, it is possible to supply a sufficient amount of fertilizer to the planted plant. It is possible to apply the fertilizers in the same manner without waste.

Further, the field topdressing device 10 of the present embodiment is used in a self-propelled grooving machine, a seed sowing machine, etc. which have already been put into practical use, except for the configuration of the fertilizer distribution / downflow device 60 and its peripheral portion. Since the single-wheeled work vehicle, the fertilizer feeder 41, the grand PTO mechanism 70, and the like that have been used can be diverted, it is possible to obtain an effect that the manufacturing cost can be extremely low. In the above-described embodiment, the fertilizer distributing / downflow device 60 is positioned behind the wheel 12, but it is not always necessary to do so. For example, the fertilizer distributing / downflow device 60 may be located in front of the wheel 12. It may be arranged on the side, and the fertilizer may be configured to flow backward. Also in this case, the fertilizer can be distributed in two lines to the front side of the soil cultivator 30 on both sides of the wheel 12 and flow down, and the same effect as the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

[0023]

[Effect of device]

 As can be understood from the above description, the field fertilizing apparatus according to the present invention can reduce the labor and time required for the field fertilizing work, and can automatically perform the work without touching the fertilizer. In addition, since the fertilizer is covered with soil, it is possible to effectively prevent the situation where the fertilizer is washed away by rainwater and the like, and waste a sufficient amount of fertilizer for the planted plant. Can be applied evenly without. In addition, since the soil between the ridges is dug back and grooves are formed by the soil muller, a weeding effect is obtained, oxygen is effectively supplied to the soil, and the decomposition action of fertilizer is promoted. Since the growth of crops is improved and the ditch also functions as a drainage ditch, it is possible to obtain an effect that ridge collapse due to rainwater or the like can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall configuration of an embodiment of a field fertilizing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view showing a main part of the embodiment of FIG. 1 partially cut away.

FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a main part used for explaining the configuration and operation of the main part of the embodiment of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Field Topdressing Device 12 Wheel 30 Soiler 41 Fertilizer Feeder 60 Fertilizer Distributor

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A hopper-type fertilizer feeder (41) is provided to a self-propelled or manually-operated one-wheeled work vehicle in which an inverted boat-type cultivator (30) is provided behind a wheel (12). At the same time, the fertilizer (H) supplied from the fertilizer supplier (41) is provided below the fertilizer supplier (41) with the wheels (1).
A fertilizer applicator for a field provided with a fertilizer distribution flow down device (60) that distributes and flows down to the front side of the cultivation device (30) on both sides of 2).