JPH0637253B2 - Powder and granular material feeder - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention is capable of varying the flow rate of a granular material and supplying the granular material at a constant flow rate during operation. The present invention relates to a powder and granular material supply device (table feeder) capable of supplying powder and granular materials in a range.

[Conventional technology]

As disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45862, which has been proposed by the applicant of the present invention, the above-mentioned powdery- or granular-material feeder has a coarse flow rate powder such as a hopper on a disk having a flat upper surface which rotates at a constant speed. A granular material supply device is installed, and the granular material that has flowed out onto this disk is first leveled into an even layer using the first scraper, which is a coarse scraper installed away from the disk upper surface. Then, using a second scraper (scraping scraper) installed immediately after the first scraper, a uniform width of the uniform layer was scraped off and dropped from the disk to the discharge port to make a minute flow rate with very little fluctuation in flow rate. To supply powder and granules. This flow rate can be varied by changing the rotation speed of the disk and the thickness and width of the uniform layer of the above-mentioned powder and granules.

In the above-mentioned powdery or granular material feeder, since the first scraper forms a layer having a uniform thickness, the flow rate of the powdery or granular material flowing out from the hopper onto the disc corresponds to the gap between the disc and the first scraper. It is necessary to exceed the required flow rate. Therefore, the excess granular material exceeding the corresponding appropriate flow rate is discharged along the first scraper to the storage tank other than the constant flow rate outside the disk or another granular material passage.

In order to send all the charged powder and granules to the discharge passage for constant flow rate or the storage tank, it is necessary to reinsert the above-mentioned extra powder and granules into the original charging port. It is necessary to repeat this re-supplying operation many times. Actually, the re-supplying operation is performed manually, or another transport passage driven by power is installed as an automatic recovery device.

Among the above-mentioned solutions, in the manual method, the operator constantly monitors the storage tank and transfers the storage tank when necessary. Failure to monitor this can result in irreparable failure of important experiments or manufacturing processes. In addition, in the second solution, unmanned operation is possible, but since another transport passage is provided, an increase in equipment cost and operating cost cannot be avoided.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to incorporate an automatic re-collection function into the powder and granular material feeder itself, which eliminates the above-mentioned inconvenience or additional equipment and operation costs, and in that case, the structure is simple. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device that facilitates maintenance and supplies a granular material at a constant minute flow rate without the need to introduce an additional power source.

[Means for solving the problem]

According to the present invention, the above-mentioned problem is that the disk 8 having a flat upper surface that rotates at a constant speed inside the fixed outer cover 16 and the disk 8 coaxially with the central axis of the disk 8 at a predetermined distance from the upper surface of the disk 8. A hopper 9 which is fixed and can supply powder particles to the disk 8 through a notch 21 provided at a part of the lower end of the cylindrical body, and a hopper 9 which is separated from the disk 8 and is fixed outside the disk 8 and has an outer periphery. A guide plate 14 having an opening in a part thereof, and in the opening of the guide plate 14 in slidable contact with the guide plate 14 on the upstream side when viewed from the rotation direction of the disk 8, and the lower end of the disk 8 Of the first scraper 11 which is parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8 and is movable in the upper part of the disk 8 perpendicularly to the upper surface of the disk 8, and is also provided in the opening portion of the guide plate 14 and provided downstream from the first scraper 11, The lower end is parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8 and can move parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8, Slidably and second scraper 13 that is in close contact arranged, is fixed to the outer cylinder cover 16 at just below the opening portion of the guide plate 14, a second scraper 13
This is solved by a powdery- or granular-material supplying device configured by a discharge port 18 that collects and discharges the powdery or granular material scraped from the outer periphery of the disk 8.

[Work]

The above-mentioned configuration of the powdery or granular material supply device according to the present invention has the following effects.

(1) The granules flowing out from the opening at the bottom of the hopper have a shape with a constant angle of repose, and the granules will not further flow out of the hopper unless the granules are removed.

(2) Since the height of the first scraper in the vertical direction and the height of the guide plate according to the present invention are both higher than the height of the opening formed in the lower part of the hopper, the powder or granular material is the lower end of the first scraper. Fill the entire surface of the gap and pass.

(3) The height of the lower end of the first scraper from the upper surface of the disc is lower than the height of the slope corresponding to the repose angle of the granular material flowing out from the opening in the lower part of the hopper, or lower than the height of the slope inside the disc. When the height is high near the outer circumference, the upper surface of the powdery particles finally becomes higher than the lower end of the first scraper. This is because, in the latter situation, the first scraper is arranged obliquely with respect to the rotation direction of the disk, so that the extra powdery particles are pushed inside along the first scraper in the outer peripheral direction.

(4) After the first scraper, a layer of the granular material having a uniform thickness is formed, scraped by the second scraper and discharged.

(5) Since the guide plate is attached from the front of the first scraper to the rear of the second scraper, and there is no guide plate between the first scraper and the second scraper, the powder particles are present only in this part. It is dropped and ejected outside the disk.

As described above, through the steps (1) to (5), only the powder or granular material of the present invention is discharged to the discharge port at a constant flow rate.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the powdery- or granular-material feeder according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a powdery or granular material feeder according to the present invention. Only the members directly related to the present invention are schematically shown on the disk 8 on which the powder particles, which are implied by dot-shaped particles, exist. Line segment A-A and line segment B- in FIG.
2 and 3 are side views of the feeder viewed from B, respectively. In the hopper 9, powder particles to be supplied are stored. The hopper lower part 20 is formed in a tubular shape having a circular or polygonal cross section, and a cutout 21 is formed in a part of the lower part 20. Further, a discharge gate 10 is installed which abuts and slides on the outer periphery of the lower portion 20 of the hopper. The hopper 9 itself is installed on the cover 16 on the fixed base 25. A rotating disk 8 having a flat upper surface is installed above the table 25. The rotating disk 8 is connected to a shaft 24 that rotates at a constant speed by a motor and a reduction gear. The mounting method, the deceleration method, and the like are outside the scope of the present invention, and are not shown.

The granular material is guided from the upper part of the hopper 9 to the lower part 20 of the hopper by the rotation of the arch breaker 15 connected to the shaft 24, and is formed by the notch 21 and the discharge gate 10 installed above the upper surface of the disk 8. Opening 50
And flows out onto the rotating disk 8 via. As will be described later in detail, the powder particles on the disk 8 are made into a uniform layer, a part thereof is scraped off, and dropped and introduced into the discharge port 18.

In order to know how to scrape off powder particles placed on the upper surface of the rotary disk 8, the main part of the present invention will be seen in the plan view of FIG. The granular material discharged from the notch 21 in the lower part of the hopper 20 is conveyed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1 as the disc 8 rotates, and reaches the first scraper (strapping scraper) 11. The first scraper 11 is a flat plate whose lower end is formed in a straight line in parallel with the upper surface of the disk 8 and whose front end is the discharge gate 1
It is arranged in contact with the side surface of 0.

The scraper 11 shown in FIG. 1 has a built-in mechanism that moves only vertically. The gap formed between the first scraper 11 and the upper surface of the rotary disk 8 is made sufficiently smaller than the height of the opening 50. Therefore, as will be described in more detail later, in accordance with the movement of the rotary disk 8, a layer of a uniform granular material equal to the above-mentioned gap is formed after the first scraper 11 (hereinbelow used. The terms "front" or "rear" are used with reference to the direction of rotation of the disc).

A guide plate 1 is provided on the outer circumference of the disk 8 or inside the disk 8 as shown in FIG. Set up. This guide plate 14 starts from the outer periphery of the disk 8 at the first scraper 11 and
The tip of the second scraper 1 is closely contacted with the second scraper 1 and the disk 8 is bent into an arc shape (the stairs can be provided on this arc without any problem).
It ends at the outer circumference of the disk 8 at the rear of the 3. At the same time this guide plate 1
The lower end of 4 is slightly separated from the upper surface of the disk 8 or a part thereof is slightly abutted, and is fixed to the cover 16 via a support 17, for example. It is the portion between the first scraper 11 and the second scraper 13 installed immediately after that that the powder particles can be dropped and discharged to the outside of the disk 8 by the arrangement of the guide plate 14 (see FIG. 1). . Further, it is advantageous to install the discharge port 18 for discharging the powder or granular material at a constant flow rate at this portion.

The vertical widths of the guide plate 14 and the first scraper 11 need to be formed larger than the height of the notch 21.

The role of the second scraper 13 is to incorporate a mechanism capable of finely adjusting in the horizontal direction, like the known powder and granular material feeder (Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45862), and the lower end of the scraper 13 is linear. It is installed in contact with the upper surface of the disk 9 or slightly apart from it. In addition, there is no particular requirement for the distance between the first scraper 11 and the second scraper 13, but it is better to dispose them as close to each other as possible. Both scrapers 11 and 13 need to be arranged so as to form an acute angle with respect to the rotation direction. The reason is as follows. That is, in front of the first scraper 11, the opening 5
The height of the granular material flowing out from 0 on the disk 8 has a gentle slope that becomes higher inside and lowers toward the outside, as is known as the angle of repose, and in some cases,
The height of the granular material on the outer side is lower than the gap formed by the scraper 11 and the disk 8, and there is a possibility that a uniform layer cannot be formed after the scraper 11. However, when the scraper 11 is arranged at an acute angle with respect to the rotating direction, the extra powdery particles that are high inside and do not pass through the gap are generated along the outside of the scraper 11 as the disk 8 rotates. This is because the height of the powder or granular material on the disk 8 can be always kept higher than the above-mentioned gap by being pushed out to the above. The second scraper 13 also
Similarly, when the disk is installed with an acute angle, powder particles that are scraped by the rotation of the disk move along the scraper 13 in the outer peripheral direction of the disk 8 and finally fall to be effectively discharged. It can be done. It is effective to set this acute angle within 45 ° as can be expected from both scrapers 11 and 13 in FIG.

Due to the above-mentioned geometrical relation, in order to always supply a sufficient amount of powdery particles to the gap of the first scraper 11, the notch 21 of the hopper lower portion 20 and the discharge gate 10 configure the entire cross-sectional area of this gap. It should be sufficiently smaller than the area of the opening 50.

The flow rate of the finally discharged powder or granular material is determined by the following factors, as in the case of the known powder or granular material supply device (Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-45862).

a) The thickness of the layer formed on the disk 8 by the first scraper 11, that is, the height of the gap formed by this scraper 11.

b) The width of the layer of the above-mentioned granular material scraped by the second scraper 13.

c) Disk rotation speed.

The area of the opening 50 corresponding to the flow rate of the discharged powder or granular material generally depends on the characteristics of the powder or granular material. That is, it depends on liquidity (angle of repose). Therefore, it is better that the opening 50 can be changed, and the discharge gate 10 is adjusted up and down.

The position of the opening 50, and thus of the notch 21 (more precisely, the end in the direction of rotation) is advantageously located immediately before the first scraper 11 and not between the first scraper 11 and the second scraper 13. This is because the granular material flowing out from the opening 50 has an inclination corresponding to the angle of repose, as described above, so that the layer having a uniform thickness formed by the first scraper 11 is disturbed.

Both the fine adjustment mechanism of the first scraper 11 and the second scraper 13 are movable in one direction by a screw whose rotation is prevented by a guide pin, and are operated by the rotation of dials 26, 27 provided outside the cover 18. It is further advantageous to incorporate a locking mechanism that can be transmitted and once locked in position.

Next, the guide plate 14 may utilize the cover 16. That is, as shown in FIG. 4a, a step 60 is formed inside the cover.
Is provided so that the lower surface of the step 60 abuts on the upper surface of the disk 8 or is slightly separated. However,
It is not easy to machine such an arrangement uniformly along the entire circumference, so a thin plate of flexible brush or elastomer, as shown in FIG. A method that does not allow the powder to escape to the outside can also be used. The method shown in FIG. 4b can also be applied to the guide plate 14 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The area of the opening 50 is set by moving the discharge gate 10 up and down.
Once its position is determined, it is fixed by the fixing screw 22. At that time, it is convenient to attach the openable / closable door 23 to the portion of the cover 16 facing the fixing screw 22.

Further, when the type of powder or granular material used is constant and the variable range of the flow rate is narrowly limited, it is not necessary to change the opening 50. In this case, the opening 50 may be used as the notch 21 in the lower portion 20 of the hopper without using the discharge gate 10.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the significant advantages obtained by the present invention are as follows.

(1) It is possible to adjust the flow rate of powder and granules in a wide variable range, and to supply the powder and granules at all times while maintaining an accurately adjusted flow rate during operation.

(2) Since the discharged powder or granules are not discharged except those which are supplied at a constant flow rate, an extra powder or granule returning device or a returning operation in the powder or granular material supply device which has been conventionally used is unnecessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing a powdery or granular material supply device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view of the supply device as seen from the line segment AA in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a view of the supply device as seen from the line BB in FIG. 1. FIG. 4a and FIG. 4b are sectional views schematically showing another structure of the guide plate according to the present invention. Reference numeral in the drawing: 8 ... Rotating disk 11 ... First scraper 13 ... Second scraper 14 ... Guide plate 21 ... Notch

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A disk 8 having a flat upper surface that rotates at a constant speed inside a fixed outer cover 16, and is fixed coaxially to the central axis of the disk 8 at a predetermined distance from the upper surface of the disk 8. A hopper 9 capable of supplying powdery particles to the disk 8 through a notch 21 provided at a part of the lower end of the tubular body, and a hopper 9 fixed to the outside of the disk 8 in a state of being separated from the disk 8,
A guide plate 14 having an opening on a part of its outer periphery, and a guide plate 14 which is in the opening of the guide plate 14 and slidably contacts the guide plate 14 on the upstream side when viewed from the rotation direction of the disk 8, and the lower end thereof is a disk. 8 is parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8 and is movable in the upper part of the disk 8 perpendicularly to the upper surface of the disk 8. Similarly, the first scraper 11 is provided in the opening of the guide plate 14 and is provided downstream of the first scraper 11. , The lower end of which is parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8 and can be moved in parallel to the upper surface of the disk 8, and is directly below the opening of the second scraper 13 slidably attached to the upper surface of the disk 8 and the guide plate 14. At the outer cylinder cover 16
A discharge port 18 that is fixed to the second scraper 13 and collects and discharges the powder particles scraped from the outer periphery of the disk 8 by the second scraper 13.
And a powdery or granular material supply device. 2. The powdery- or granular-material feeder according to claim 1, wherein the guide plate 14 is formed by a step 60 provided inside the outer cylinder cover 16. 3. The lower part of the guide plate 14 is formed by a thin plate made of an elastomer or a flexible brush, and the lower part is in contact with the disk 8 according to claim 1 or 2. Item. 4. A dial 26 that can be driven from the outside of the outer cylinder cover 16 by the fine adjustment movable mechanism of the first scraper 11 and the second scraper 13 being constituted by screws with guide pins.
The granular material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a stopper that can be fixed after the fine adjustment is set. 5. A screw 22 for fixing the upper and lower positions of the discharge gate 10 is provided on the gate 10, and a door 23 that can be opened and closed is installed on a part of the outer cylinder cover 16 facing the screw 22. The powdery or granular material supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 6. The discharge gate 10 is formed by the hopper lower part 20 itself, and the opening 50 is a notch 21 in the hopper lower part 20.
Item.