JPH0636081A - Data processor using non-contact data carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simply re-lock data carrier from a reader/writer without preparing a new command system on the data processor using the non-contact data carrier to be used for the toll facility and equipment. CONSTITUTION:An ID number which is read out when acquiring the access permission to the data carrier is stored in a number storage section 18 in a reader/writer 10. When no coincidence between the ID number of an ID number storage section 18 and the ID number read out from a data carrier 20 is judged by a comparison 19 in re-processing the access acquisition when access to the data carrier 20 fails, a reset section 32 stops a transmission signal for generating the operation power for the data carrier 20, return to the access inhibit state.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data processing device using a non-contact data carrier used for paid use of facilities and equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a data processing device using a non-contact data carrier known as a so-called data coin, which is used for paid use in a ski lift, a play facility, etc., for example, one shown in FIG. 4 is known. ing. In FIG. 4, 1
Reference numeral 0 is a reader / writer, and 20 is a data carrier. The reader / writer 10 is fixedly installed, and has a control unit 11 and a modulation circuit 1.
2, a transmission coil 13a, a reception coil 13b and a demodulation circuit 14. The user carries the data carrier 20 as a pendant or a wristwatch, for example.
² non-volatile memory 21 such as a PROM, the control unit 22, transmission and reception coils 23, demodulation circuit 24, and a modulation circuit 25 and the rectifier circuit 26.

In the operation of such a data processing device, the modulation circuit 12 of the reader / writer 10 constantly supplies the FSK signal corresponding to the data bit 0 to the transmission coil 13a.
When the data carrier 20 is brought close to the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10, a reception voltage corresponding to a transmission signal from the transmission coil 13a of the reader / writer 10 is induced in the transmission / reception coil 23 of the data carrier 20, and this reception voltage is rectified by the rectifier circuit 26. Is rectified and smoothed to generate a power supply voltage Vcc, and the operation state is set.

A unique code code, for example, an ID code, is registered in the memory 21 of the data carrier 20,
When the reader / writer 10 issues a code code collation command, collation processing with the code code of the memory 21 is executed,
When the collation is successful, the access to the memory 21 is permitted, and the so-called data carrier 20 can be unlocked.

The reader / writer 10 that was able to unlock the data carrier 20 reads the data by designating a specific address in the memory 21, modifies the data, and writes the modified data to the same memory address to save the contents of the memory. Make a change. When the rewriting of the memory contents is completed, the same address is designated and read, and it is confirmed whether or not the data can be written correctly.

[0006]

However, in the data processing device using such a data carrier, when the memory contents of the data carrier are rewritten by access from the reader / writer, if the data cannot be written correctly, Writing will be performed by designating the same address.

At the time of this rewriting, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the data carrier 20A which has been acquiring the access permission and is writing moves away, and another data carrier 20B is used.
May approach the communication range. in this case,
Since the key of the data carrier 20B is not open, the reader / writer 10 opens the key by issuing a code code collation command and examines the memory contents, but the code code obtained at this time is a code code different from the previous time. From this, it can be seen that another data carrier 20B has been accessed. Therefore, in order to correctly access the previous data carrier 20A, it is necessary to re-lock the accidentally opened data carrier 20.

The reason is that two data carriers 20A, 20 that are unlocked within the communicable distance of the data carrier 10 are used.
If B exists, the correct data carrier 20A
When writing to another data carrier 2 at the same time
This is because the same data will be written in 0B. However, in the conventional device, the code code collation instruction for opening the key and its execution algorithm are prepared, but the command for re-locking the opened key and its execution algorithm are not prepared, In order to provide such a function for relocking, it is necessary to add a new command system, which may complicate the process.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to easily re-lock the data carrier from the reader / writer without preparing a new command system. An object is to provide a data processing device using a contact data carrier.

[0010]

To achieve this object, the present invention is constructed as follows. First, the present invention provides a data carrier that is contactlessly coupled to a reader / writer, at least a readable memory that stores a predetermined code, and when various questions are exchanged between the reader / writer and the data carrier. A data processing device using a non-contact data carrier provided with a collation permitting means for permitting a part or all of the memory access by the data carrier and an operating power generating means for generating operating power from a transmission signal of a reader / writer. And

According to the present invention with respect to such a data processing device, the reader / writer stores a code storage unit for storing the code code obtained when the access permission of the data carrier is obtained, and then accesses the data carrier. If the code code obtained at the time of re-acquisition of access acquisition is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit when the access fails, the transmission signal for operating power generation for the data carrier is stopped to prohibit access. It is characterized in that reset means for returning to the state is provided.

Further, the present invention provides a reader / writer with a code storage unit for storing a code code read after acquiring the access permission of the data carrier, and re-acquiring access acquisition when the access to the data carrier fails thereafter. If the read code code is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit after that, reset means may be provided to stop the transmission signal for generating the operating power for the data carrier and return to the access prohibited state. Good.

[0013] Here, when a predetermined procedure between the reader / writer and the data carrier is successful, the access to the memory is partially or partially stopped until the supply of operating power is stopped or the transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received. I will continue to permit everything.

[0014]

According to the data processing device using the contactless data carrier of the present invention having the above-described structure, the reader / writer fails to access the memory contents by rewriting after obtaining the access permission of the data carrier. , When the process from access acquisition is redone, when a code code different from the previous one, for example, an ID code, is read from the data carrier, it is determined that the key of another data carrier has been accidentally opened, and Against FSK
By stopping the signal transmission, stopping the supply of operating power to the data carrier that was accidentally opened, and resetting it, the next time the operating power is supplied, the key is re-locked. It can be returned to the state it was in.

Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a special command system for rewriting the key, and the reset operation for rekeying can be easily performed.

[0016]

1 is a block diagram of an embodiment showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a code code obtained when acquiring an access permission for a data carrier is stored and an access process thereafter is performed. It is characterized by having done. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 is a reader / writer, which is fixedly installed at an entrance or the like of a facility to be used for a fee. A data carrier 20 is held by a person who uses the facility in the form of a data coin or a wristwatch.

The reader / writer 10 includes a control unit 11, a modulation circuit 12, a transmission / reception coil 13, a demodulation circuit 14, and a switching circuit 1.
5, a command generation unit 16, an ID number reading unit 17, an ID number storage unit 18, a comparison unit 19, a reading unit 30, and a reset circuit unit 32 are provided. On the other hand, the data carrier 20 includes a nonvolatile memory 21, such as an E ² PROM, a control unit 22,
Transmitting / receiving coil 23, modulating circuit 24, demodulating circuit 25, rectifying circuit 26, cipher code collating unit 27, ID number reading unit 2
8, an ID number collating unit 29, a permission gate unit 40, and a transmission / reception changeover switch 42 are provided.

In this embodiment, the data carrier 2
The encryption code and the ID number unique to the data carrier are registered in advance in the memory 21 of 0. Here, the encryption code and I
The D number may be fixed data, variable data, or combined data of fixed data and variable data. First, the supply of operating power to the data carrier 20 by the reader / writer 10 will be described. The modulation circuit 12 provided in the reader / writer 10 has a frequency f corresponding to the bit data 0 and 1 from the command generator 16.
The FSK modulated signal of either ₁ or f ₂ is transmitted to the transmission coil 13
In the standby state in which the data carrier 20 is not accessed, F corresponding to the data bit 0 is supplied.
The SK signal is constantly supplied to the transmission / reception coil 13.

Therefore, an electromagnetic field due to the FSK modulation signal is always generated in a predetermined area of the transmission / reception coil 13, and when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance, the reception voltage of the FSK signal is induced in the transmission / reception coil 23. To be done.
The transmission / reception changeover switch 42 of the data carrier 20 is constantly switched to the reception side as shown in the figure, and the transmission / reception coil 2
The received voltage of 3 is rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit 26, and the power supply voltage V
It produces cc and supplies operating power to the inside.

Next, the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 2
For data transmission between 0s, the FSK modulation method is adopted from the reader / writer 10 to the data carrier 20, while the spread spectrum modulation method is adopted from the data carrier 20 to the reader / writer 10. Data transmission from the reader / writer 10 to the data carrier 20 is performed by the FSK from the modulation circuit 12 according to the data bit.
The modulated signal is applied to the demodulation circuit 25 of the data carrier 20 by non-contact coupling by the transmission / reception coils 13 and 23 to demodulate the data bit and applied to the controller 22.

On the other hand, the data bit from the control unit 22 is a pseudo random series signal corresponding to the data bit 0, 1 in the modulation circuit 24, for example, M ₀ corresponding to the data bit 0, 1.
Either the sequence signal or the M ₁ sequence signal is generated. This pseudo random signal is demodulated by the demodulation circuit 14 of the reader / writer 10. The demodulation circuit 14 stores the same M ₀ and M ₁ series signals as those on the data carrier 20 side as a reference signal, calculates the autocorrelation between the reception series and the reference series, and when both series match, the autocorrelation peak value is obtained. By being obtained, a demodulated output of data bit 1 or 0 is generated.

Next, an access acquisition process of the data carrier 20 by the reader / writer 10 will be described. In this embodiment, when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10 and is supplied with operating power and power-on-started, the reader / writer 10 sends an encryption code collation command for the first time. Let the verification process, then ID
A number read command is sent to read the ID number, and an ID number collation command is further sent to perform the second collation processing, and access is permitted when the collation is successful. This access permission can be given to part or all of the memory 21.

The encryption code collation command, the ID number read command, and the ID number collation command for obtaining the access permission are sequentially issued by the command generation unit 16. In addition, the command generation unit 16 periodically issues a test command in the standby state, and starts the access permission acquisition process when a predetermined response bit is obtained from the data carrier 20 for this test command.

Cryptographic code from data carrier 20, I
The reading unit 30 reads the D number and the read data for normal access. Further, the reader / writer 10 is provided with the ID number reading units 17, I for the ID number comparison processing in the re-acquisition processing of access acquisition when the normal access fails after the access permission of the data carrier 20 is once acquired.
A D number storage unit 18 and a comparison unit 19 are provided. I
The D number storage unit 18 stores the ID number obtained by the reading unit 30 when the access is first obtained.

The ID number reading unit 17 reads the ID number at the time of reacquisition of access permission when the normal access fails in the access permission acquisition state of the data carrier and gives it to the comparison unit 19. The comparison unit 19 compares the storage number of the ID number storage unit 18 with the ID number from the data carrier read by the ID number reading unit 17, and produces a match or mismatch output. For the coincidence output of the comparator 19, normal access is continued, but for the non-coincidence output, the reset circuit unit 32 is activated and the switching circuit 15 is operated to transmit the FSK signal for power supply by the modulation circuit 12. Stop the operation forcibly.

Specifically, the switching circuit 15 switches the operations of the demodulation circuit 14 and the modulation circuit 12 in accordance with the transmission / reception control from the control unit 11, but is reset when a mismatch output is obtained from the comparison unit 19. The switching circuit 15 is forcibly switched to the operation state on the demodulation circuit 14 side by a reset signal due to the operation of the circuit section 32, and even if the control section 11 issues an operation command on the modulation circuit 12 side to the switching circuit 15, this is invalidated. Forcibly stops the transmission operation.

The transmission of the modulation circuit 12 by the reset circuit section 32 is stopped during the transmission of the FSK signal to the data carrier 20, and then the power supply voltage Vcc generated by the rectifier circuit 26 is lowered to operate the internal circuit. Is enough time to stop. Next, the circuit section for obtaining the access permission of the data carrier 20 will be explained. First, when the control section 22 decodes the cipher code collating instruction sent from the reader / writer 10, the cipher code collating section 27 is activated and the memory is stored. The encryption code registered in 21 is read out, and it is determined, for example, that the comparison with the encryption code sent from the reader / writer 10 is coincident.

The verification of this encryption code is performed by the reader / writer 10.
First, the encryption code collation unit 27 reads the encryption code from the memory 21 without sending the encryption code from the reader / writer 1.
It is also possible to process collation matching between the encryption code sent back from the reader / writer 10 and the encryption code newly read from the memory 21. If the verification is successful in the encryption code verification unit 27, the ID number reading unit 2
8 is enabled. When the control unit 22 decodes the ID number read command from the reader / writer 10 in this state,
The ID number reading unit 28 is activated to read the ID number from the memory 21 and send it back to the reader / writer 10. This ID number is stored in the ID number storage unit 18 from the reading unit 30 of the reader / writer 10 via the control unit 11.

Subsequently, when the control unit 22 decodes the ID number collation command from the reader / writer 10, the ID number collation unit 29 is activated and the ID number sent back from the reader / writer 10 and the ID number read from the memory 21 are set. Collate.
If the collation of this ID number is successful, the control unit 22 and the memory 2
The enable gate unit 40 provided between 1 and 1 is enabled, and thereafter, the control unit 22 reads or writes the memory 21 in response to a read command or a write command from the reader / writer 10.

The enabling gate unit 40, which has once been enabled due to the successful collation of the ID numbers, holds the enabling state until the power supply voltage Vcc from the rectifier circuit 26 is cut off and the operation is stopped. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of FIG. 1, and shows each operation of the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 20 and the exchange between them.

In FIG. 2, the reader / writer 10 first issues a test command at regular intervals in step S101. In this state, when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10, the operating power is supplied by the FSK signal and the power supply voltage Vcc is obtained in step S201 to start power-on. When the test command is received, a bit response to the command is returned in step S202.

This bit response corresponds to the presence / absence of access permission to the memory. When the access is not permitted, that is, the key is locked, bit 0 is returned, and when the access is permitted, that is, the key is opened, bit 1 is returned. To do. Initially, since the key is not open, bit 0 is returned in step S202. The bit response from the data carrier 20 is discriminated in step S102. Since the key is not opened, the cipher code collation command is first issued in order to obtain the access permission in step S103. In response to the cipher code collating command, the data carrier 20 executes the cipher code collating process in step S203, and if the cipher codes match in step S204 and the collation succeeds, the data carrier 20 responds to the test command issued in step S104 in step S206. Returns a match response.

When the reader / writer 10 recognizes that the verification of the encryption code is successful, it issues the next ID number read command in step S105. In response to this ID number read command, the data carrier 20 reads the ID number of the memory in step S207 and sends it to the reader / writer 10. The reader / writer 10 stores the ID number read from the data carrier 20 in step S106 in the ID number storage unit 18.

Subsequently, in step S107, an ID number collation command is issued. This ID number collation command simultaneously sends back the ID number obtained in step S106. In step S208, the data carrier 20 performs collation processing between the ID number from the reader / writer 10 and the ID number read from the memory 21, and if collation is determined in step S209, the permission gate unit 40 is enabled in step S211. To do. In this access permission state, in response to the issuance of the test command in step S108, a response of bit 1 indicating access permission is returned in step S212, whereby the reader / writer 10 returns the data carrier 2
Recognize that 0 access permission has been obtained.

Subsequently, the reader / writer 10 executes a process of reading the memory contents of the data carrier 20, changing the memory contents, and then writing. In this rewriting process, a read command is issued in step S109, the read data is changed and a write command is issued in step S110, and a read command is issued for writing confirmation in step S111. Of course, on the data carrier 20 side, corresponding to each command, step S21
The read operation is executed in step 3, and the write operation is executed in step S214.

However, when the read command is issued in step S111 to confirm the writing, the data carrier that has been in the access-permitted state until then moves away from the communicable area, and another data carrier approaches the communicable area.
It is assumed that the data carrier apparently becomes in the access prohibited state with respect to the read command issued in step S111. With respect to the access prohibited state on the data carrier 20 side, the reader / writer 10 determines that the key has been locked for some reason, and in step S112, issues an encryption code collation command to open the key again. In S216, the encryption code matching process is executed in another data carrier, and a matching match response is returned. Subsequently, when the reader / writer 10 issues an ID number read command in step S113, the ID number is read from another data carrier in step S217.

In response to the reading of this ID number, the reader / writer 10 sends the current ID number storage unit 18 in step S114.
The comparison unit 19 compares the ID number stored in the table with the newly read ID number. However, since the ID number is read from another data carrier, the comparison unit 19 produces a mismatch output, and activates the reset circuit unit 32 to stop the transmission operation of the modulation circuit 12 for a certain period of time as shown in step S115.

Therefore, as shown in step S218, the data carrier 20 is forcibly reset when the power supply by the reception of the FSK signal is stopped and the power supply voltage Vcc of the rectifier circuit 26 is lowered and the power supply is cut off. It will be the same. After that, the original data carrier that first unlocked returns to the communicable distance, the transmission of the FSK signal stopped in step S115 is restarted, and the other data carriers that have received the stop of the power supply in the communicable area are also simultaneously released. It is supposed to exist.

In this state, steps S109 to S are again performed.
Although the rewriting process of the memory content shown in 111 is retried, the key is opened only for the data carrier for which the access permission is first acquired, so the key is re-locked by stopping the power supply. Moreover, it is possible to reliably prevent simultaneous writing to other data carriers.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the access permission of the data carrier 20 can be obtained only by the collation process of the encryption code, and further the data can be acquired. It is characterized in that the code code read out after the carrier's access permission is acquired is stored and the subsequent access prohibition process is performed. Therefore, I
The ID number reading unit 17 of FIG. 1 used for the D number collation processing.
The ID number reading unit 28 and the ID number collating unit 29 on the data carrier 20 side are also removed. Further, the modulation circuit 12 and the demodulation circuit 14 of the reader / writer 10 are not provided with the switching circuit 15 as shown in FIG.
Is always fixed in the reception state, and only the modulation circuit 12 can be controlled to stop transmission by the reset output of the reset circuit section 32.

In the processing operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3,
First, the command generation unit 16 of the reader / writer 10 issues an encryption code collation command, and when the control unit 22 of the data carrier 20 deciphers this encryption code collation command, the encryption code collation unit 27 is activated and the encryption code of the memory 21 is stored. When the collation is successful, the permission gate unit 40 is enabled and access to the memory 21 is partially or wholly permitted.

After obtaining this access permission, the command generation unit 16 issues an ID number read command to read the ID number from the data carrier 20, as in the case of normal access.
It is stored in the D number storage unit 18. After the access permission is obtained and the ID number is stored, for example, when data is read from the data carrier 20, changed, and then written, the data is replaced with another data carrier and the access fails. After the access acquisition is reprocessed by issuing the cipher code collation command, the ID number is read from the newly opened data carrier by the ID number read command and stored in the comparison unit 19 as I.
Compared with the D number, if they do not match, the reset circuit unit 3
2 is started to temporarily stop the transmission operation of the modulation circuit 12, cut off the supply of operating power, and re-locks the data carrier 20 that was accidentally unlocked.

In the above-described embodiment, the encryption code and the ID number are registered in the memory 21 of the data carrier 20, and the access is performed when the verification of the encryption code and the ID number is successful or the verification of only the encryption code is successful. Although the permission is acquired, an appropriate code code other than the encryption code and the ID number may be used. Further, in the above-described embodiment, when a predetermined procedure (collation process or the like) between the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 20 is successful, the memory 21 is accessed until the supply of operating power from the reader / writer 10 is stopped. However, when the transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received, the access to the memory 21 is partially or completely permitted until the transmission signal from the reader / writer 10 cannot be sufficiently received. The access permitted to the memory 21 may be returned to the prohibited state.

Further, although the above-mentioned embodiment has been described by taking non-contact coupling by electromagnetic induction coupling as an example, an optical coupling method or radio wave may be used as long as the data and operating power can be supplied from the reader / writer 10 in a non-contact manner. An appropriate non-contact bonding method such as a bonding method can be used.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the access permission of another data carrier is mistakenly obtained after the access permission of a specific data carrier is obtained, this erroneous access permission A reset for which the acquisition is recognized and forcibly re-locked can be performed by stopping the supply of power energy from the data carrier or shifting to a state where the transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received, and a special re-locking Since the command system is not required, it is possible to easily re-key the data carrier by forcibly resetting, and even if there are two or more data carriers in the communicable area, access is limited to a specific data carrier. You can

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a plurality of data carriers are simultaneously accessed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10: reader / writer 11, 22: control unit 12, 24: modulation circuit 13, 23: transmission / reception coil 14, 25: demodulation circuit 15: switching circuit 16: command generation unit 17: ID number reading unit 18: ID number storage unit 19 : Comparison unit 20: Data carrier 21: Memory 26: Rectifier circuit 27: Cryptographic code collating unit 28: ID number reading unit 29: ID number collating unit 30: Reading unit 32: Reset circuit unit 40: Permit gate unit

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A data carrier to be contactlessly coupled to a reader / writer, at least a readable memory storing a predetermined code, and a predetermined exchange between the reader / writer and the data carrier, after that. In a data processing device using a non-contact data carrier, which is provided with a collation permission means for permitting a part or all of the memory access by the data carrier and an operation power generation means for generating operation power from a transmission signal of a reader / writer. In the reader / writer, a code storage unit that stores the code code obtained when the access permission of the data carrier is acquired, and when the access to the data carrier fails after that, at the time of re-acquisition of access acquisition If the obtained code code is different from the code code stored in the code storage section, the code code is stored in the data carrier. A data processing device using a non-contact data carrier, characterized in that reset means for stopping a transmission signal for generating operating power and returning to an access prohibited state is provided. 2. When a predetermined exchange between a reader / writer and the data carrier is successful, at least a readable memory storing a predetermined code code on a data carrier which is contactlessly coupled to the reader / writer, and thereafter. In a data processing device using a non-contact data carrier, which is provided with a collation permission means for permitting a part or all of the memory access by the data carrier and an operation power generation means for generating operation power from a transmission signal of a reader / writer. In the reader / writer, a code storage unit for storing the code code read after the access permission of the data carrier is acquired, and when the access to the data carrier fails thereafter, the access acquisition is reprocessed, and thereafter, If the read code code is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit, the data key A data processing device using a non-contact data carrier, comprising reset means for stopping a transmission signal for generating operating power to a carrier and returning to an access prohibited state. 3. A data processing device using a contactless data carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when a predetermined procedure between the reader / writer and the data carrier is successful, supply of operating power is stopped. Or a data processing device using a contactless data carrier, characterized in that access to a memory is continued partially or wholly until a transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received.