JP3172269B2 - Data processing device using contactless data carrier - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier used for paid use of facilities and equipment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 4 shows an example of a data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier known as a so-called data coin which is conventionally used for paid use of ski lifts and amusement facilities. ing. In FIG. 4, 1
0 is a reader / writer and 20 is a data carrier. The reader / writer 10 is fixedly installed, and the control unit 11 and the modulation circuit 1
2. It includes a transmission coil 13a, a reception coil 13b, and a demodulation circuit 14. The data carrier 20 is carried by the user as, for example, a pendant or a wristwatch.
^{2 includes} a nonvolatile memory 21 such as a PROM, a control unit 22, a transmission / reception coil 23, a demodulation circuit 24, a modulation circuit 25, and a rectification circuit 26.

[0003] The operation of such a data processing device is such that the modulation circuit 12 of the reader / writer 10 always supplies the FSK signal corresponding to the data bit 0 to the transmission coil 13a.
When the data carrier 20 is brought closer to the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10, a reception voltage corresponding to a transmission signal from the transmission coil 13a of the reader / writer 10 is induced in the transmission / reception coil 23 of the data carrier 20, and this reception voltage is converted into a rectifier circuit 26. The power supply voltage Vcc is generated by the rectification and smoothing to generate an operation state.

A unique code code, for example, an ID code is registered in the memory 21 of the data carrier 20.
When the reader / writer 10 issues a code code collation command, a collation process with the code code in the memory 21 is executed,
If the verification is successful, access to the memory 21 is permitted, and the so-called data carrier 20 can be unlocked.

The reader / writer 10 which has unlocked the data carrier 20 reads and changes the data by designating a specific address of the memory 21 and writes the changed data to the same memory address, thereby reading the contents of the memory. Make changes. When the rewriting of the memory contents is completed, the same address is designated and read out, and it is confirmed whether or not the data was correctly written.

[0006]

However, in a data processing apparatus using such a data carrier, if the memory content of the data carrier is rewritten by access from the reader / writer, if the data cannot be correctly written, the data carrier is rewritten. Writing is performed by specifying the same address.

At the time of this rewriting, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the data carrier 20A which has been writing by obtaining the access permission moves away, and another data carrier 20B
May be approaching the communicable distance. in this case,
Since the key of the data carrier 20B is not open, the reader / writer 10 opens the key by performing a code code collation instruction and checks the contents of the memory. The code obtained at this time is a code different from the previous code. This indicates that another data carrier 20B has been accessed. Therefore, in order to correctly access the previous data carrier 20A, it is necessary to relock the data carrier 20 that has been erroneously opened.

[0008] The reason is that two data carriers 20A and 20A open in the communicable distance of the data carrier 10.
B, the correct data carrier 20A
At the same time as writing to another data carrier 2
This is because the same data is written to 0B. However, in the conventional device, a code collation instruction for unlocking the key and its execution algorithm are prepared, but a command for unlocking the key once opened and its execution algorithm are not prepared. In order to have such a function of re-locking, a new command system had to be added, and there was a possibility that the processing would be complicated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned problem, and has made it possible to easily relock a data carrier from a reader / writer without preparing a new command system. It is an object to provide a data processing device using a contact data carrier.

[0010]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention is configured as follows. First, the present invention is a data carrier that is contactlessly coupled to a reader / writer, at least a readable memory storing a predetermined code, and when the exchange of various questions between the reader / writer and the data carrier succeeds, A data processing device using a non-contact data carrier, provided with a verification permitting means for partially or entirely permitting access to a memory by a data carrier of the present invention and an operating power generating means for generating operating power from a transmission signal of a reader / writer. And

According to the present invention, there is provided a data processing apparatus having a code storage unit for storing, in a reader / writer, a code code obtained at the time of obtaining access permission for a data carrier, If the code code obtained during re-processing of access acquisition is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit, the transmission signal for generating operating power for the data carrier is stopped and access is prohibited. A reset means for returning to a state is provided.

Further, the present invention provides a code storage unit for storing a code code read after acquiring a data carrier access permission in a reader / writer, and re-processing access acquisition when access to the data carrier fails thereafter. If the code code read after that is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit, reset means may be provided to stop the transmission signal for generating operating power for the data carrier and return to the access prohibited state. Good.

Here, when a predetermined procedure between the reader / writer and the data carrier is successful, the access to the memory is partially or partially stopped until the supply of the operating power is stopped or the transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received. You will continue to allow everything.

[0014]

According to the data processing apparatus using the non-contact data carrier according to the present invention having such a configuration, the reader / writer fails to access the memory such as rewriting the contents of the memory after obtaining the access permission of the data carrier. When the process from the acquisition of the access is redone, when a code code different from the previous one, for example, an ID code, is read from the data carrier, it is determined that the key of another data carrier has been accidentally opened, and the data carrier is determined. FSK for
By stopping the transmission of signals and stopping the supply of operating power to the data carrier that has unlocked the key by mistake and resetting it, the next time the operating power is supplied, the key is reset. It can be returned to the state where it was done.

Therefore, there is no need to provide a special command system for rewriting a key, and a reset operation for re-keying can be easily performed.

[0016]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a code code obtained when an access permission to a data carrier is obtained is stored and an access process thereafter is performed. It is characterized by having done. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a reader / writer, which is fixedly installed at an entrance of a facility used for a fee. Reference numeral 20 denotes a data carrier, which is held by a person using the facility in the form of a data coin or a watch.

The reader / writer 10 includes a control unit 11, a modulation circuit 12, a transmission / reception coil 13, a demodulation circuit 14, and a switching circuit 1.
5, a command generation unit 16, an ID number reading unit 17, an ID number storage unit 18, a comparison unit 19, a reading unit 30, and a reset circuit unit 32. On the other hand, the data carrier 20 includes a nonvolatile memory 21 such as an E ² PROM, a control unit 22,
Transmitting / receiving coil 23, modulating circuit 24, demodulating circuit 25, rectifying circuit 26, encryption code collating unit 27, ID number reading unit 2
8, an ID number collating unit 29, a permission gate unit 40, and a transmission / reception changeover switch 42 are provided.

In this embodiment, the data carrier 2
0, an encryption code and an ID number unique to the data carrier are registered in advance. Here, the encryption code and I
The D number may be fixed data or variable data, and may be a combination of fixed data and variable data. First, supply of operation power to the data carrier 20 by the reader / writer 10 will be described. The modulation circuit 12 provided in the reader / writer 10 has a frequency f corresponding to the bit data 0 and 1 from the command generator 16.
_1, send one of FSK modulated signals f ₂ coil 13
In the standby state in which the data carrier 20 is not accessed, the F corresponding to the data bit 0 is supplied.
The SK signal is always supplied to the transmission / reception coil 13.

For this reason, an electromagnetic field by the FSK modulation signal is always generated in a predetermined area of the transmitting and receiving coil 13, and when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance, the receiving voltage of the FSK signal is induced in the transmitting and receiving coil 23. Is done.
The transmission / reception switch 42 of the data carrier 20 is always switched to the reception side as shown in FIG.
3 is rectified and smoothed by the rectifier circuit 26, and the power supply voltage V
cc to supply operating power internally.

Next, the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 2
For data transmission between 0, the FSK modulation method is adopted from the reader / writer 10 to the data carrier 20, while the spread spectrum modulation method is adopted from the data carrier 20 to the reader / writer 10. Data transmission from the reader / writer 10 to the data carrier 20 is performed by the FSK from the modulation circuit 12 corresponding to the data bits.
The modulated signal is applied to the demodulation circuit 25 of the data carrier 20 by non-contact coupling by the transmission / reception coils 13 and 23, and the data bits are demodulated.

On the other hand, the data bits from the control unit 22 are modulated by the modulation circuit 24 into a pseudo-random sequence signal corresponding to the data bits 0 and 1, for example, M ₀ corresponding to the data bits 0 and 1.
Generating one of the series signal and M ₁ sequence signal. This pseudo random signal is demodulated by the demodulation circuit 14 of the reader / writer 10. The demodulation circuit 14 stores the same M ₀ , M ₁ sequence signal as the data carrier 20 side as a reference signal, calculates the autocorrelation between the received sequence and the reference sequence, and when both sequences match, the autocorrelation peak value is calculated. This results in a demodulated output of data bits 1 or 0.

Next, the process of acquiring access to the data carrier 20 by the reader / writer 10 will be described. In this embodiment, when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10 and receives a supply of operating power and starts power-on, the reader / writer 10 sends an encryption code collation command to perform the first time. Perform the matching process and then the ID
A number read command is sent to read out the ID number, and an ID number collation command is sent to cause the second collation process to be performed. This access can be permitted for a part or all of the memory 21.

The command generation unit 16 sequentially issues an encryption code collation instruction, an ID number read instruction, and an ID number collation instruction for obtaining an access permission. In addition, the command generation unit 16 periodically issues a test command in the standby state, and starts an access permission acquisition process when a predetermined response bit is obtained from the data carrier 20 in response to the test command.

The encryption code from the data carrier 20, I
The reading of the D number and the read data of the normal access is performed by the reading unit 30. Further, the reader / writer 10 has an ID number reading unit 17, I, for the ID number comparison processing in the re-processing of the access acquisition when the normal access fails after the access permission of the data carrier 20 is once obtained.
A D number storage unit 18 and a comparison unit 19 are provided. I
The D number storage unit 18 stores the ID number obtained by the reading unit 30 at the time of obtaining the first access.

The ID number reading unit 17 reads out the ID number when re-acquiring the access permission when the normal access fails in the data carrier access permission acquisition state, and gives the ID number to the comparison unit 19. The comparison unit 19 compares the storage number of the ID number storage unit 18 with the ID number from the data carrier read by the ID number reading unit 17 to generate a match or mismatch output. For the coincidence output of the comparator 19, normal access is continuously performed. For the non-coincidence output, the reset circuit unit 32 is activated, and the switching circuit 15 is operated to transmit the FSK signal for power supply by the modulation circuit 12. Stop operation forcibly.

More specifically, the switching circuit 15 switches the operation of the demodulation circuit 14 and the modulation circuit 12 in accordance with the transmission / reception control from the control unit 11, but resets when a mismatch output is obtained from the comparison unit 19. The switching circuit 15 is forcibly switched to the operation state on the demodulation circuit 14 side by a reset signal due to the operation of the circuit unit 32, and even if the control unit 11 receives an operation command on the modulation circuit 12 side from the control circuit 11 to the switching circuit 15, it invalidates this. Forcibly stop the transmission operation.

During the time when the reset circuit section 32 stops transmitting the modulation circuit 12, the transmission of the FSK signal to the data carrier 20 is cut off, and then the power supply voltage Vcc generated by the rectifier circuit 26 decreases to operate the internal circuit. There is enough time to stop. Next, a description will be given of a circuit unit for acquiring the access permission of the data carrier 20. First, when the control unit 22 decodes the encryption code collation command sent from the reader / writer 10, the encryption code collation unit 27 is activated and the memory is activated. The encryption code registered in 21 is read, and it is determined whether or not the code matches the encryption code sent from the reader / writer 10, for example.

The collation of the encryption code is performed by the reader / writer 10.
, First, the encryption code collating unit 27 reads the encryption code from the memory 21 and sends it to the reader / writer 1.
0, and then the collation matching between the encryption code returned from the reader / writer 10 and the encryption code newly read from the memory 21 may be processed. If the verification is successful in the encryption code verification unit 27, the ID number reading unit 2
8 is enabled. When the control unit 22 decodes the ID number read command from the reader / writer 10 in this state,
The ID number reading unit 28 is activated, reads the ID number from the memory 21 and sends it back to the reader / writer 10. This ID number is stored in the ID number storage unit 18 from the reading unit 30 of the reader / writer 10 via the control unit 11.

Subsequently, when the control section 22 decodes the ID number collation command from the reader / writer 10, it activates the ID number collation section 29 and compares the ID number returned from the reader / writer 10 with the ID number read from the memory 21. Collate.
If the ID number is successfully verified, the control unit 22 and the memory 2
1, the enable gate unit 40 is enabled, and thereafter, the control unit 22 reads or writes the memory 21 in response to a read command or a write command from the reader / writer 10.

The permission gate section 40 once enabled by the ID number collation succeeds holds the permission state until the power supply voltage Vcc from the rectifier circuit 26 is cut off and the operation is stopped. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing operation of FIG. 1, and shows each operation of the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 20 and the exchange between them.

In FIG. 2, first, the reader / writer 10 issues a test command at regular intervals in step S101. In this state, when the data carrier 20 approaches the communicable distance of the reader / writer 10, the power supply is started by receiving the supply of the operation power by the FSK signal and obtaining the power supply voltage Vcc in step S201. Upon receiving the test command, a bit response to the command is returned in step S202.

This bit response corresponds to the presence or absence of memory access permission. When access is not permitted, that is, when the key is locked, bit 0 is responded. When the access is permitted, that is, when the key is opened, bit 1 is responded. I do. At first, since the key is not opened, a bit 0 is returned in step S202. The bit response from the data carrier 20 is determined in step S102. Since the key has not been opened, an encryption code collation instruction is first issued in step S103 to obtain access permission. In response to the encryption code collation command, the data carrier 20 executes the encryption code collation processing in step S203. If the encryption codes match and the collation succeeds in step S204, the data carrier 20 responds to the test command issued in step S104 in step S206. Returns a match response.

When the reader / writer 10 recognizes that the encryption code has been successfully collated, it issues a next ID number read command in step S105. In response to the ID number read command, the data carrier 20 reads the ID number of the memory in step S207 and sends it to the reader / writer 10. The reader / writer 10 stores the ID number read from the data carrier 20 in step S106 in the ID number storage unit 18.

Subsequently, at step S107, an ID number collating instruction is issued. This ID number collation command simultaneously sends back the ID number obtained in step S106. The data carrier 20 performs a collation process between the ID number from the reader / writer 10 and the ID number read from the memory 21 in step S208, and if a collation match is determined in step S209, the permission gate unit 40 is enabled in step S211. I do. In this access permission state, in response to the issuance of the test command in step S108, a response of bit 1 indicating access permission is returned in step S212, whereby the reader / writer 10
It recognizes that the access permission of 0 has been obtained.

Subsequently, the reader / writer 10 executes a process of reading the memory contents of the data carrier 20, changing the contents, and writing the changed contents. In this rewriting process, a read command is issued in step S109, read data is changed and a write command is issued in step S110, and a read command is issued in step S111 to confirm writing. Of course, on the data carrier 20 side, step S21
3, a read operation is performed, and a write operation is performed in step S214.

However, when a read command is issued to confirm writing in step S111, the data carrier in the access permitted state moves away from the communicable area and another data carrier approaches the communicable area.
It is assumed that the data carrier apparently enters the access prohibited state in response to the read command issued in step S111. In response to the access prohibition state on the data carrier 20 side, the reader / writer 10 determines that the key has been locked for some reason, and issues an encryption code collation command to open the key again in step S112. In S216, the encryption code collation processing is executed in another data carrier, and a collation matching response is returned. Subsequently, when the reader / writer 10 issues an ID number read command in step S113, the ID number is read from another data carrier in step S217.

In response to the reading of the ID number, the reader / writer 10 determines in step S114 that the current ID number storage unit 18
The comparison unit 19 compares the ID number stored in the storage unit with the newly read ID number. However, since the ID number is read from another data carrier, the comparison unit 19 generates a mismatch output, and activates the reset circuit unit 32 to stop the transmission operation of the modulation circuit 12 for a certain period of time as shown in step S115.

For this reason, as shown in step S218, the power supply of the data carrier 20 due to the reception of the FSK signal is stopped, and when the power supply voltage Vcc of the rectifier circuit 26 drops and the power supply is cut off, the data carrier 20 is forcibly reset. Be in the same state. Thereafter, the original data carrier whose key has been unlocked first returns to the communicable distance, the transmission of the FSK signal stopped in step S115 is restarted, and the other data carriers whose power supply has been stopped in the communicable area are simultaneously transmitted. Suppose it was present.

In this state, steps S109 to S109 are repeated.
The rewriting process of the memory contents shown in 111 will be retried, but since the key is opened only in the data carrier which has first obtained the access permission, the key is re-locked by stopping the power supply. Writing to another data carrier at the same time can be reliably prevented.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the access permission of the data carrier 20 can be obtained only by the collation processing of the encryption code. It is characterized in that the code code read out after obtaining the access permission of the carrier is stored, and the subsequent access prohibition processing is performed. Therefore, I
ID number reading unit 17 of FIG. 1 used for D number matching processing
Are also removed, and the ID number reading unit 28 and the ID number collating unit 29 on the data carrier 20 side are also removed. Also, the switching circuit 15 is not provided for the modulation circuit 12 and the demodulation circuit 14 of the reader / writer 10 as shown in FIG.
Is fixed to the reception state at all times, so that only the modulation circuit 12 can be controlled to stop transmission by the reset output of the reset circuit unit 32.

In the processing operation of the embodiment shown in FIG.
First, the command generation unit 16 of the reader / writer 10 issues an encryption code collation instruction. When the encryption code collation instruction is decrypted by the control unit 22 of the data carrier 20, the encryption code collation unit 27 is activated, and the encryption code of the memory 21 is read. When the collation is successful, the permission gate unit 40 is enabled and the access to the memory 21 is partially or entirely permitted.

After obtaining the access permission, the command generation unit 16 issues an ID number read command to read the ID number from the data carrier 20 and obtains the I
It is stored in the D number storage unit 18. After obtaining such an access permission and storing the ID number, for example, while performing a process of reading data from the data carrier 20, changing the data, and writing the data, the access is replaced with another data carrier and the access fails. After the access acquisition is re-processed by issuing the encryption code collation command, the ID number is read from the newly unlocked data carrier by the ID number read command, and the ID number already stored in the comparison unit 19 is read.
D number, and if they do not match, the reset circuit unit 3
2, the transmission operation of the modulation circuit 12 is temporarily stopped, the supply of operation power is cut off, and the data carrier 20 that has been unlocked by mistake is re-locked.

In the above embodiment, two codes, an encryption code and an ID number, are registered in the memory 21 of the data carrier 20, and the access is made when the verification of the encryption code and the ID number is successful or the verification of only the encryption code is successful. Although permission is obtained, an appropriate code other than the encryption code and the ID number may be used. Further, in the above embodiment, when a predetermined procedure (such as a collation process) between the reader / writer 10 and the data carrier 20 succeeds, the access to the memory 21 until the supply of the operating power from the reader / writer 10 is stopped. Is partially or entirely continued, but otherwise, access to the memory 21 is partially or entirely permitted until the transmission signal from the reader / writer 10 cannot be sufficiently received, and when the transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received. Access permitted to the memory 21 may be returned to the prohibited state.

Further, in the above embodiment, non-contact coupling by electromagnetic induction coupling is taken as an example. However, if data and operating power can be supplied from the reader / writer 10 in a non-contact manner, an optical coupling system, radio wave An appropriate non-contact bonding method such as a bonding method can be used.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, when an access permission of another data carrier is acquired by mistake after acquiring an access permission of a specific data carrier, the erroneous access permission is acquired. Recognition of acquisition and forced re-locking can be reset by stopping supply of power energy from the data carrier or shifting to a state where transmission signals cannot be sufficiently received. Since no command system is required, re-locking of data carriers by simple forced reset is realized, and even if there are two or more data carriers in the communicable area, access is limited to a specific data carrier. Can be.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing operation of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a conventional apparatus.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which a plurality of data carriers are simultaneously accessed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10: reader / writer 11, 22: control unit 12, 24: modulation circuit 13, 23: transmission / reception coil 14, 25: demodulation circuit 15: switching circuit 16: command generation unit 17: ID number reading unit 18: ID number storage unit 19 : Comparison unit 20: data carrier 21: memory 26: rectifier circuit 27: encryption code collation unit 28: ID number read unit 29: ID number collation unit 30: read unit 32: reset circuit unit 40: permission gate unit

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G06K 17/00 G01S 13/74 G07B 15/00 501

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] When at least a predetermined exchange between a reader / writer and a data carrier succeeds, at least a readable memory storing a predetermined code code in a data carrier that is contactlessly coupled to the reader / writer, In a data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier, there is provided collation permission means for partially or entirely permitting access to the memory by the data carrier, and operation power generation means for generating operation power from a transmission signal of the reader / writer. In the reader / writer, a code storage unit that stores a code code obtained when the access permission of the data carrier is obtained, and when an access to the data carrier fails, If the obtained code is different from the code stored in the code storage unit, the A data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier, further comprising reset means for stopping a transmission signal for generating operating power and returning to an access prohibited state. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least a readable memory storing a predetermined code code in a data carrier non-contact-coupled to the reader / writer and a predetermined exchange between the reader / writer and the data carrier succeed. In a data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier, there is provided collation permission means for partially or entirely permitting access to the memory by the data carrier, and operation power generation means for generating operation power from a transmission signal of the reader / writer. In the reader / writer, a code storage unit that stores a code code read after obtaining the access permission of the data carrier, and when the access to the data carrier fails thereafter, re-process the access acquisition, and thereafter, If the read code code is different from the code code stored in the code storage unit, A data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier, comprising reset means for stopping a transmission signal for generating operation power for the carrier and returning the transmission signal to an access prohibited state. 3. A data processing apparatus using a non-contact data carrier according to claim 1, wherein supply of operation power is stopped when a predetermined procedure between the reader / writer and the data carrier is successful. A data processing apparatus using a contactless data carrier, wherein access to a memory is partially or entirely permitted until a transmission signal cannot be sufficiently received.