JPH06348264A - Effect adding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the effect adding device which has simple structure and can add pitch bend effects, etc., by one touch. CONSTITUTION:A microcomputer 401 once detecting the BENDUP switch or BENDDOWN switch of an effect pad switch 101 being operated reads pitch variation data corresponding to an effect pad mode, previously specified with an effect pad mode specification switch 102. out of a ROM 402 corresponding to the operation and generates pitch envelope data on the basis of the data to add a pitch envelope to a musical sound which is being generated. Musical sound waveform data generated in each sampling cycle are outputted to a D/A converter 404. The waveform data are converted by the D/A converter 404 into an analog musical sound waveform signal, which is shaped by a low- pass filter(LPF) 405 and then amplified by an amplifier 406, so that a sound is outputted from a speaker 105.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an effect adding device such as a pitch bender device for changing the pitch of a musical tone being produced in real time by an operation of a player in an electronic musical instrument.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Many electronic musical instruments are equipped with an effect-adding function such as a pitch bender for changing the pitch of a musical tone being sounded in real time by a player's operation.

For example, a pitch bender conventionally has a structure in which a rotatable wheel or lever is generally attached to the shaft of a variable resistor. The player rotates this wheel or lever by his / her finger or the like by an arbitrary amount while playing music using the keyboard of an electronic musical instrument or the like. As a result, the resistance value of the variable resistor corresponding to the rotation angle is converted into digital data by the A / D converter and input to the sound source section of the electronic musical instrument. The tone generator section changes the pitch of the musical tone currently being generated by an amount corresponding to the input digital data.

[0004]

However, in the conventional example of the pitch bender device described above, in addition to the variable resistor, A /
A D converter or the like is required.

In order to improve the responsiveness of the pitch bender and to change the pitch smoothly or finely, it is necessary to have good performance as the variable resistor and the A / D converter.

Therefore, there is a problem that the pitch bender device cannot always be manufactured at a low cost.
In addition, in order to perform a performance operation while using such a pitch bender device, a certain amount of skill is required, and it is difficult for a beginner to operate smoothly, especially in a fast pitch bend operation. Have

The above problems are not limited to the pitch bender device, and various effect adding devices for adding a vibrato depth change effect and a tone color change effect, which have the same structure as the pitch bender device described above, etc. , Have similar problems.

An object of the present invention is to realize an effect adding device having a simple structure and capable of adding an effect such as pitch bend with one touch.

[0009]

The present invention firstly has effect change data storage means for storing effect change data such as pitch change data Data which defines change characteristics of acoustic effect such as pitch bend effect.

Next, a sound effect designating operation means such as a BEND UP switch or a BEND DOWN switch for designating a sound effect is provided. Then, in response to the operation of the sound effect designating operation means, the effect change data is read out from the effect change data storage means, and the musical tone waveform for generating the musical tone waveform data in which the characteristics of the acoustic effect are controlled based on the effect change data. It has data generation control means. This means corresponds to, for example, the pitch change data Da which is the effect change data from the effect change data storage means in response to the operation of the sound effect specifying operation means.
ta is read, pitch envelope data is generated based on this pitch change data Data, and this pitch envelope data is added to the pitch data of the musical sound at which sound generation is started or the musical sound being sounded.

In the above-described structure of the present invention, there is further provided operation state detecting means for detecting either the operation strength or the operation speed when the sound effect designating operation means is operated, and the above-mentioned musical tone waveform data generation. The control means can be configured to change the form when controlling the characteristics of the acoustic effect of the musical tone waveform data based on the effect change data, according to the output of the operation state detection means. For example, the musical tone waveform data generation control means adds an appropriate offset value to the pitch change data Data described above in accordance with the output of the operation state detection means to change the shape of the pitch envelope data described above.

[0012]

When the sound effect designating operation means is turned on, for example, the musical tone waveform data generation control means reads out effect change data defining the change of the sound effect from the effect change data storage means in advance, and based on the effect change data. The sound effect characteristics of the musical sound that is started to be generated or the musical sound that is being generated are automatically controlled.

Therefore, the sound effect designating operation means may be a simple switch, and the structure thereof can be simplified. Further, the player can easily add a high-quality sound effect such as a pitch bend effect to the musical sound being produced by a simple switching operation.

Further, the musical tone waveform data generation control means determines the characteristics of the acoustic effect of the musical tone waveform data based on the effect change data according to the operation strength or the operation speed when the acoustic effect designating operating means is operated. By changing the form of control, a more expressive performance can be realized.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. <Structure of Embodiment> FIG. 1 is an external view of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the keyboard 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is
It is realized as an electronic keyboard instrument having 03, and the effect pad switch 101 is provided beside the keyboard 103, and the effect pad switch 1 is provided above the keyboard 103.
Effect pad mode designation switch 102 for designating the operation mode 01 (effect pad mode)
And various designation switches 104 for performing power on / off, volume adjustment, tone color designation, etc., and a speaker 105 for emitting a musical sound.

FIG. 2 is an external view of the effect pad switch 101 of FIG. As shown in the figure, the effect pad switch 101 is a BEND UP for adding a pitch bend effect that raises the pitch to a musical sound being produced.
Switch, BEND DOWN switch to add pitch bend effect to lower the pitch to the sound being played, MODU to add acoustic effect such as vibrato depth change effect
LATION switch and SPEC for adding special sound effects such as tone change effect preset by the user
It is composed of the IAL EFFECT switch.

FIG. 3 is an external view of the effect pad mode designating switch 102 of FIG. Each time the effect pad mode designation switch 102 is pressed, the four types of effect pad modes I to IV are cyclically switched. The current mode is 4 LEDs 301
~ 304.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. The microcomputer 401 operates based on a control program stored in the ROM 402 while using the RAM 403 as a work memory, and the effect pad switch 101, the effect pad mode designation switch 102, the various designation switches 104, and the keyboard 103 of FIG. Is scanned to capture the operation state of each key, waveform data is read from the ROM 402 in accordance with the operation state, and a tone generation operation is performed.

Here, as an operation particularly related to the present invention, the microcomputer 401 uses the BEND UP switch or the BEND DOW in the effect pad switch 101.
When it is detected that the N switch is operated, the pitch change data corresponding to the effect pad mode designated by the effect pad mode designating switch 102 in advance is read from the ROM 402 in response to the operation, and the pitch envelope data is obtained based on the read data. Generate,
A pitch envelope is added to the musical tone being sounded.

The musical tone waveform data generated for each sampling period is output to the D / A converter 404. The tone waveform data described above is converted into an analog tone waveform signal by the D / A converter 404, and the signal is converted into a low pass filter (L).
After being shaped by the PF) 405, it is amplified by the amplifier 406 and emitted from the speaker 105.

The operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be described below. First, FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the effect pad mode, the pitch envelope, and the pitch change data. Here, when the pitch envelope value is 0, the pitch of the musical sound being sounded remains the original pitch, and when the pitch envelope value increases in the positive direction, the pitch of the musical sound being sounded becomes higher, and the pitch envelope value becomes If it decreases in the negative direction, the pitch of the musical tone being sounded becomes lower.

In each of FIGS. 5A to 5D, the effect pad mode designating switch 102 selects one of the effect pad modes I to IV, and then the BEND UP switch or the BEND D switch of the effect pad switch 101 is selected.
A numerical example of the pitch envelope data when the OWN switch is turned on and the pitch change data Data read from the ROM 402 is shown. The horizontal axis is time,
The vertical axis is the value of the pitch envelope. As the value of the pitch envelope, the center is 0, and a change of ± 50 units can be given.

For example, when the BEND DOWN switch is turned on after the effect pad mode I is selected by the effect pad mode designating switch 102, as shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the pitch of the musical tone being sounded is first lowered from the current pitch to a pitch lower by -50 units, and then returned to the original pitch. Also,
The change speed (rate) of the pitch is 70 units, and the larger this number, the faster the change in pitch. BEND U
When the P switch is turned on, the pitch change is in the opposite direction to when the BEND DOWN switch is turned on, as shown in the figure. The pitch change data stored in the ROM 402 to cause such a change is shown as Data in FIG. 5 (a). Of these, LVL data shows the reached value of the pitch at each STEP, and RAT data shows
Indicates the rate of change of pitch in STEP (described later).

Effect pad mode designation switch 10
2 depending on the effect pad mode II, III, IV
, Etc. are selected and then BEND DOWN switch or BEND UP
The operation when the switch is turned on is similar to the case of FIG. 5A as shown in FIGS. 5B to 5D, but each mode has a pitch change characteristic peculiar to each. Have. In these modes, the BEND DOWN switch or BEND
When the UP switch is turned off, the pitch will return to the original pitch.

STEP in the pitch change data Data of FIG.
The meaning of is shown in FIG. BEND DOWN switch or BEND UP
When the switch is turned on, the pitch envelope value is first set toward the reaching value indicated by the LVL data in STEP1.
It changes at the rate indicated by the EP1 RAT data. When the pitch envelope value reaches the arrival value indicated by the STEP 1 LVL data, the pitch envelope value changes toward the arrival value indicated by the STEP 2 LVL data at the rate indicated by the STEP 2 RAT data, and similarly, the STEP 3 LVL data. After reaching the reaching value indicated by, the rate changes at the rate indicated by the RAT data of STEP 3 toward the reaching value indicated by the LVL data of STEP3. When the pitch envelope value reaches the reached value indicated by the LVL data in STEP3, the BEND DOWN switch or BE
The reached value is maintained while the ND UP switch is turned on. If the BEND DOWN switch or BEND UP switch is turned off, the pitch envelope value will be STEP4.
RAT of STEP4 toward the reached value indicated by LVL data of
It changes at the rate indicated by the data. If the BEND DOWN switch or BEND UP switch is turned off even if the pitch envelope value has not reached any of the reached values of STEP1 to STEP3, the pitch envelope value will change from the value at that time to the LVL data of STEP4. ST toward the reached value indicated by
It changes at the rate indicated by the EP4 RAT data.

In FIG. 7, the microcomputer 401 is BE
7 is an operation flowchart executed in response to an operation of an ND UP switch or a BEND DOWN switch, and is realized as a part of a main operation flowchart (not shown) executed by the microcomputer 401. Also,
These operations are performed by the microcomputer 401 in the ROM.
This is realized as an operation of executing the control program stored in 402.

In FIG. 7, the variable STEP stored in the RAM 403 is the ST shown in FIG. 5 or 6 which is currently being executed.
The EP number is stored, and its initial value is reset to 0 in the main operation flow chart (not shown). When the value of the variable STEP is 0, the pitch bend effect is not added to the musical sound. The variable DOWN stored in the RAM 403 is a flag indicating which of the BEND UP switch and the BEND DOWN switch is currently turned on, and as will be described later, 0 is set when the BEND UP switch is turned on. 1 is set when the BEND DOWN switch is turned on.

In the operation flowchart of FIG. 7, BEND
When either the UP switch or the BEND DOWN switch is turned on, the variable STEP is set to 1 in step 701 or 702.
Is substituted, and as a result, STEP 1 shown in FIG. 5 or 6 is obtained.
The addition of the pitch bend effect starts from. Also, BEND
If the UP switch has been turned on, in process 701, the variable
When DOWN is set to 0 and the BEND DOWN switch is turned on, the variable DOWN is set to 1 in step 702. If both the BEND UP and BEND DOWN switches are turned on, the switch pressed later will be valid.

On the other hand, when the BEND UP switch is turned off,
If the value of the variable DOWN is 0, that is, if the switch that was turned on last is the BEND UP switch, the determination in process 703 is YES, and in process 704, 4 is assigned to the variable STEP. As a result, the added state of the pitch bend effect is
The state is changed from STEP 4 shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. If the switch that was turned on last is not the BEND UP switch, the determination in step 703 is NO, and no processing is executed. Similarly, when the BEND DOWN switch is turned off, if the value of the variable DOWN is 1, that is, if the switch that was turned on last is the BEND DOWN switch, the determination in step 705 is YES and step 706. And the variable
4 is substituted into STEP, and as a result, the added state of the pitch bend effect is changed to the state from STEP 4 shown in FIG. 5 or 6. If the switch that was turned on last is not the BEND DOWN switch, the determination at step 705 is NO, and no processing is executed.

As described above, the BEND UP switch or
When the BEND DOWN switch is turned on, the STEP number is set to 1 in step 701 or 702, and when these switches are turned off, the STEP number is set to 4 in step 704 or 706. Then, the process 707 is executed.

In process 707, the variables are processed by the above process.
ROM402 based on the STEP number set in STEP
DATA READ processing for reading the pitch change data from is executed. A detailed operation flowchart of this processing is shown in FIG.

First, in process 801, it is determined which one of the effect pad modes I to IV is designated by the effect pad mode designation switch 102. Now, when the effect pad mode designating switch 102 is operated, a variable MODE stored in the RAM 403 in an operation flow chart (not shown) is displayed.
1 if the effect pad mode I is selected
, 2 is set when II is selected, 3 is set when III is selected, and 4 is set when IV is selected.

Next, in accordance with the value of the variable MODE, processing 802
At 805, from the ROM 402, among the pitch change data corresponding to each effect pad mode shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to (d), the LVL data and RAT data corresponding to the STEP number set in the variable STEP are Read out.

Next, in process 806, it is determined whether or not the value of the variable DOWN is 1, that is, whether or not the BEND DOWN switch is currently pressed. Then, if the BEND DOWN switch is currently pressed and the determination in step 806 is YES, the above-mentioned LVL read from the ROM 402 in step 807.
By multiplying the data value by -1, the sign of the LVL data is inverted. As a result, as shown in Fig. 5, when the BEND UP switch is turned on and when the BEND DOWN is turned on.
The direction in which the pitch envelope value changes is opposite to that when the switch is turned on.

If it is desired to cause a completely different pitch change between when the BEND UP switch is turned on and when the BEND DOWN switch is turned on, the BEND UP switch is turned on for each effect pad mode in the ROM 402. In this case, the pitch change data corresponding to the case where the BEND DOWN switch is turned on and the pitch change data corresponding to the case where the BEND DOWN switch is turned on are stored.

As described above, FIG. 7 shown in FIG.
When the DATAREAD processing 707 ends, the processing 708 of FIG.
Then, with the above LVL data read from the ROM 402,
RAT data is set in a sounding control area (not shown) set in the RAM 403.

Next, the operation of generating pitch envelope data will be described. That is, in a part of the main operation flow chart (not shown), or in a sound source process (not shown) executed for each sampling cycle as an interrupt process for the main operation flow chart (not shown), the value of the variable STEP Is not 0, the value of the pitch envelope data stored in the sound generation control area (not shown) of the RAM 403 is R.
The value is updated at the rate indicated by the RAT data also set in the tone control area of the RAM 403 toward the arrival value indicated by the LVL data set in the tone control area of the AM 403. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the pitch envelope data corresponds to the effect pad mode selected by the effect pad mode designating switch 102 and is designated as the value of the variable STEP.
It will change according to the characteristics corresponding to the EP number.

The pitch envelope data updated as described above is, for example, in sound source processing (not shown) executed or interrupted in the sound source processing (not shown) executed as an interrupt process for the main operation flowchart (not shown) described above for each sampling period. It is added to the pitch data set corresponding to the musical tone to be sounded. As a result, the pitch of the musical sound that is being sounded or is to be sounded changes in accordance with the above-described change characteristic of the pitch envelope data, as described above with reference to FIG.

Next, the operation when the STEP number changes will be described. In the above-described pitch envelope data updating operation, the value of the pitch envelope data is R
When the reaching value indicated by the LVL data set in the sounding control area of the AM 403 is reached, the value of the variable ARRIVE stored in the RAM 403 is set from 0 to 1.

On the other hand, in the sound source check process shown in FIG. 9 for changing the STEP number, which is executed as a part of the main operation flow chart (not shown), the following process is executed. .

First, in process 901, the value of the variable ARRIVE is 0.
Is determined. If the value of the variable ARRIVE is 0 and the determination of the processing 901 is YES, the processing of the processing 902 and the subsequent steps are not executed.

If the value of the variable ARRIVE is 1 and the determination in the process 901 is NO, the value of the variable ARRIVE is returned to 0 in the process 902, and then the variable STEP is set in the process 903.
The STEP number is determined.

If it is determined in step 903 that the STEP number set in the variable STEP is 1, step 90
In step 4, the STEP number 2 is set in the variable STEP. That is, when the pitch envelope value reaches the arrival value indicated by the LVL data of STEP1, the pitch envelope value changes thereafter toward the arrival value indicated by the LVL data of STEP2 at the rate indicated by the RAT data of STEP2.

If it is determined in the processing 903 that the STEP number set in the variable STEP is 2, the STEP number 3 is set in the variable STEP in the processing 905. That is, when the pitch envelope value reaches the reaching value indicated by the LVL data of STEP2, thereafter, the pitch envelope value changes at the rate indicated by the RAT data of STEP3 toward the reaching value indicated by the LVL data of STEP3.

After the processing 904 or 905 described above, in the processing 907, the DATAREAD processing shown in FIG. 8 similar to the processing 707 of FIG. 7 is executed. Here, as described above, in accordance with the value of the variable MODE determined in the process 801 of FIG. 8, in the processes 802 to 805 of FIG. 8, each effect shown in FIGS. Of the pitch change data corresponding to the pad mode, the process 90 of FIG.
In 4 or 905, the LVL data and RAT data corresponding to the STEP number newly set in the variable STEP are read. Furthermore, the BEND DOWN switch is currently being pressed, and the process 8
If the determination in 06 is YES, the ROM 402 is processed in step 807.
The sign of the LVL data is inverted by multiplying the value of the LVL data read from the above by -1.

As described above, FIG. 9 shown in FIG.
When the DATAREAD process 907 ends, the process 908 of FIG.
Then, with the above LVL data read from the ROM 402,
RAT data is set in a sounding control area (not shown) set in the RAM 403.

After that, the pitch envelope data is generated as described above. Also, the process 90 of FIG.
When it is determined in step 3 that the STEP number set in the variable STEP is 3, the value of the variable STEP remains unchanged,
The process of the operation flowchart of FIG. 9 ends. That is, when the pitch envelope value reaches the reached value indicated by the LVL data of STEP3, the BEND DOWN switch or BEND UP
The reached value is maintained while the switch is turned on.

On the other hand, BEND which has been turned on until now
When the DOWN switch or BEND UP switch is turned off,
As described above, the process 70 of the operation flowchart of FIG.
4 or 706, the STEP number 4 is set in the variable STEP, and the LVL corresponding to the STEP number 4 is further set in the processing 707 of FIG.
The data and the RAT data are read from the ROM 402 and set in the tone generation control area of the RAM 403 in process 708. Therefore, after this, the pitch envelope value is STEP
RA of STEP4 toward the reached value indicated by LVL data of 4
It will change at the rate indicated by the T data.

Finally, in step 903 of FIG. 9, when it is determined that the STEP number set in the variable STEP is 4, the step number 0 is set in the variable STEP in step 905. The process shown in the operation flowchart of 1 is ended. As a result, when the pitch envelope value reaches the reaching value indicated by the LVL data of STEP 4, the adding operation of the pitch bend effect is stopped thereafter.

Although the embodiment described above is about the operation when the BEND UP switch or the BEND DOWN switch of the effect pad switch 101 is turned on / off, the MODULATION of the effect pad switch 101 is described.
When the switch or the SPECIAL EFFECT switch is turned on / off, the pitch change data Data of the effect pad mode I stored in the ROM 402 is shared, and the MODULATION switch is operated with the characteristics shown in FIG. 5 (a). In this case, the envelope data for controlling the vibrato depth is generated in the same way as above, and SPECIA
When the L EFFECT switch is operated, envelope data for controlling the timbre is generated as in the above case. Then, the envelope data generated in this way is, for example, in a sound source process (not shown) executed as an interrupt process for the main operation flowchart (not shown) described above for each sampling cycle,
It is added to the vibrato depth data or the tone color control data which is set corresponding to the musical tone which is being produced or is to be produced. As a result, the vibrato characteristic or timbre characteristic of the musical sound which is being sounded or is to be sounded is changed.

In the above embodiment, the LVL data and
Pitch change data Data consisting of RAT data is ROM 40
2 and the pitch envelope data is generated based on the pitch change data Data.
It may be stored in the ROM 402 or the like as M waveform data.

On the other hand, in addition to the above-mentioned embodiment, the depth and speed of the pitch bend effect or the like may be changed depending on the strength with which the effect pad switch 101 is pressed. In this case, for example, the effect pad switch 101 is provided with a piezoelectric sensor, and the offset value according to the output of the piezoelectric sensor is added to the values of the LVL data and the RAT data read from the ROM 402.

[0053]

According to the present invention, the sound effect designating operation means may be a simple switch, and the structure thereof can be simplified.

Further, the player can easily add a high-quality acoustic effect such as a pitch bend effect to the musical sound being produced by a simple switching operation. Further, it is possible to change the characteristics of the acoustic effect such as the pitch bend effect according to the operating strength or the operating speed when the operating means for specifying the acoustic effect is operated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an external view of an effect pad switch.

FIG. 3 is an external view of an effect pad mode designating switch.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a relationship diagram of an effect pad mode, a pitch envelope, and pitch change data.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of STEP.

FIG. 7 is an operation flowchart for an operation of a BEND UP / DOWN switch.

FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of DATAREAD processing.

FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of a sound source check process.

[Explanation of symbols]

 101 Effect Pad Switch 102 Effect Pad Mode Designating Switch 103 Keyboard 104 Various Designating Switch 105 Speaker 401 Microcomputer 402 ROM 403 RAM 404 D / A Converter 405 Low Pass Filter (LPF) 406 Amplifier

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An effect change data storage unit that stores effect change data that defines change characteristics of an acoustic effect, an acoustic effect specifying operation unit that specifies the acoustic effect, and an operation of the acoustic effect specifying operation unit. Correspondingly, the effect change data storage means reads the effect change data, and based on the effect change data, musical tone waveform data generation control means for generating musical tone waveform data in which the characteristics of the acoustic effect are controlled, An effect adding device characterized by the above. 2. The apparatus further comprises an operation state detecting means for detecting either an operation strength or an operation speed when the sound effect specifying operation means is operated, and the musical tone waveform data generation control means comprises the operation. The effect addition device according to claim 1, wherein the form when controlling the characteristic of the acoustic effect of the musical tone waveform data is changed based on the effect change data, according to the output of the state detection means. .